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By the end of October 1942

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the city on Volga still has not fallen.

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The F��hrer anounces to the German people

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We have taken Stalingrad

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A few pockets resistances still remain

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We will take them one by one

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It is just the question of time

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For Hitler

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Stalingrad has come to represent his victory over Russia.

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After two years of fighting in Russia

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the Germans have threatened to vanquish the eastern giant

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In the north Leningrad is surrounded by the Germans

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It's been a year since the Germans entered this northern city

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In the center Moscow, the target city

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remains just in the reach for the Germans

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In the south the drive towards the Baku oil fields

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has come to a hold in the Caucasus Mountains

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In Stalingrad the Soviets are holding their ground

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Contrary to Hitler's declarations

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Soviet boats continue to cross the Volga

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bring in over reinforcements

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Everyday thousands of young Russian men

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sometimes without any weapons or military training are disembarked on river banks

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Those who back away from the German shells are ruthlessly excuted by the political commissar

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On the 7th November the anniversary of the revolution

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the beleagued soldiers holding Stalingrad

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and the Soviet troops all along the front

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listen to their Commander Chief Stalin

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make this astonishing declaration

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"Tomorrow there will be celebrations in our streets"

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And indeed Genernal Joukov, the man who saved Moscow

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has a plan to keep those pockets resistances fighting to the very end

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in order to retain the German troops of Genernal Paulus insides Stalingrad

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On the other side of Volga Joukov is secretly put into together an entire army

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The country has been ravaged

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One fouth of its territory lost

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but entire Soviet Union is toiling away

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to provide this new army with huge amounts of equipment

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Factories were moved out and rebuilt behind the Ural Mountains

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are operating 24 hours a day

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In this endeavor lives will be sacrificed

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It is the winter of 1942

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The women working in these unheated sometimes ruthless workshops are cold and hungry

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many will die of exhaustion

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but the country industrial production will increase ten fold

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The United States is now providing massive amount of aid to the Soviet Union

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The Allies are able to reduce the thereat posed by German submarines in the north Atlantic

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by performing protective convoy to Soviet ports such as Murmansk

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Anti-communism is put on hold

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For the Americans Joseph Stalin is now "Uncle Joe"

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and for the British "Good Old Joe"

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The Russians receive huge shipment of jeeps, tanks, planes and trucks

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and cans of corned beef

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When they open the tins of meat the Russian soldiers joke

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"We are opening the second front."

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along with Stalin

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everyone expect the Allies to do more to alleviate their plight

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In Egypt however

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the Britishs are being threatened by the Germans

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Rommel

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from Hitler has just promoted to the Field Marshal after his victory in the desert

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and his tank army the Africa Corps

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are getting dangerously close to the Suez Canal

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They've reached El Alamein

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The British Empire is in peril

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The British Prime Minister Winston Churchill comes into

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his army in the desert

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The situation is grim but he retains his sense of humor

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and shares cheer of moments with his men

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He meets with the newly appointed Genernal Montgomery

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Montgomery wasn't Churchill's first choice

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and all these soldiers in the desert are little worried, the Britishs, the Australians, the New Zealanders, the South Africans

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and free French

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As soon as arrival of Montgomery the son of clergyman

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ordered the new program of strict rules and discipline to be imposed

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He is cautions

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He waits until his army superior in terms of both men and equipment

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The new American sherman Tanks for example built for speed and power

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Montgomery launches his offensive

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with preliminary artillery barrage

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followed by a massive tank assault

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But the German 88 flight guns cause tremendous losses

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Rommel's soldiers counter attack relentlessly

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The battle turns into a bayonet charge

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just like in the battle of Somme 1916

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with heavy causlties on both sides

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In this deadly game it is the side with most men that wins

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In the letter to his wife Rommel writes:

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"We are simply being crashed by the emeny's weight"

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Hei receives message from Hitler

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"They can be no other thought but stand fast"

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"yield not a yard of ground"

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Rommel writes back to his wife

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"I rack my brains for a way out of this plight for my poor troops"

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"We are facing perhaps the most difficult days that the man can undergo"

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and he adds

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"The dead are lucky"

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"It's all over for them"

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Rommel retreats

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In London Churchill announces to his fellow citizens

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what is really the first good news of the war

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"This is not the end"

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"It is not even the beginning of the end"

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"but it's perhaps the end of the beginning"

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Churchill's words ring out around the world

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The old British lion has stood up to Hitler

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Back in his headquarters the "Wolf's Lair", Hitler's scornful

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He says "It is just a set back"

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"The war will go on"

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and indeed it does.

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The Allies open up a new front in north Africa

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a first step towards controlling the Mediterranean

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As in 1917 American troops sail across the Atlantic

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The French writer Saint-Exupery who has exiled in New York

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will return from the US with one of its military convoyes

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The author of "The Little Prince" writes

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" Friends of American I'd like to do you complete justice"

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"Fifty thousnad soldiers were going to war not for the United States"

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"but for humanity"

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"For human respect, for human freedom and for human greatness"

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Off the coast of Casablanca and Oran

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British and American

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are greeted with cannon gunfire from the Vichy French

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They conter attack

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North Africa were still controled by the Vichy regime which colaborates with Germans

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The fighting is violent

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The Vichy forces suffers extensive damage

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The Free France leader Genernal De Gaulle makes his specch over the radio in London

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After two days fighting against "Liberators"

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the guns are silenced

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The Allies secure their landing.

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In Algiers

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the pragmatic US Commandering Chief

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General Eisenhower

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negotiate with Vichy regime military commander

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Admiral Darlan

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Darlan is one of the France's most diehard collaborators

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who'd even met Hitler

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He decides to switch sides

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and French forces in Algeria and Morocco join the Allies

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A few weeks later Darlan will be assassinated by a French resistance fighter

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Many of the French in north Africa greet the Americans warmly

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The ???? and French Army of Africa are also relieved

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They never realy want to shoot the Americans

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In fact they will soon be fighting side by side with them

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like almost all of the other French colonials

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As well "Indigenous soldiers" as they're called at the time

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who will form the ???? and Algeria ???? units.

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The Axis powers have anticipated the Allies by moving into Tunisia

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a territory still controled by the Vichy regime

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which allows the Germans to stay

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Rommel is retreating towards Tunisia

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Two days later in order to secure the Mediterranean coast

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Hitler invades southern France

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the ???? to unoccupied free zone

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Hitler's orders are the take of the port of Toulon

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where most of the Vichy Navy's based

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with their shaky autonomy now are risk

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the Vichy Admirals decide to ???? their fleet

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They proceed sink their own ships

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in order to keep them from falling into the hand of the Germans

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or the Allies

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That is a tragic result of politics of Vichy regime

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but it's not good news for Hitler

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With the arrival of Germans

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those Jews hiding in the remaining pockets of French tolerance

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have little chance of survival

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Amidst increasingly sinister atmosphere of roundups and denouncation all over Europe

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children are saved by courageous families

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like ???? ???? family

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He is a Belgium banker

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He films his four children

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while he and his wife Denise hide two Jewish children

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???? the 12-year-old daughter of engineer

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who is hiding somewhere himself

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and 6-year-old ????

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????'s mother was arrested

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and deported to a work camp in eastern Europe

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she will never return from Auschwitz

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By now many people suspect when

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the occupiers use the words like "work camp"

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It's true meaning is death

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???? and Denis ???? are everyday heroes

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who will one day be awarded the title of "Rightous Among The Nations"

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along with more than twenty thousand other men and women for all over the occupied Europe

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Three thousand kilometers away

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out of Stalingrad

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the Germans have been enjoy a brief restbite behind the lines

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before returning to fight the Russians in order to eliminate their remaining pockets of resistance

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The German Army's flanks are defended by units of Reich's satilites countries

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Romanians, Hungarians and Italians

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who are totally unaware of the danger looming just around the corner

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A few kilometers away the Soviet troops are preparing to attack

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They are ready to fight

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and they are over a million of them

213
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They are going to storm the enemy's weakest unit

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in order to surround the German Army of occupying Stalingrad

215
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At 7am the Soviets obliterate

216
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the enemy's lines

217
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ponding them with rocket launchers they call Stalin's Organs

218
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Joukov's massive army launches the offensive

219
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The Hungarians don't have enough ammunition

220
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The Romanians don't have any anti-tank weapons

221
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They as well as the Italians lost a massive number of men

222
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223
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The two Soviet Armies from the north and the south meet up

224
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Soviet filmmaker use their skills to glorify the moment

225
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The Germans see the Soviet tanks close the circle around them

226
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Genernal Paulus's sixth Army is trapped inside Stalingrad

227
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Hitler is in the back off

228
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his retreat Berchtesgaden in the Bavaria Alps

229
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where he's informed the Soviet offensive

230
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His immediately reaction is to hide this news from the German people

231
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He rushes off to his headquaters in east Prussia declaring

232
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"If the sixth Army withdraw from Stalingrad"

233
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" the Wehrmacht will never be able to return"

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Paulus could still break out of the circlement but he would have to obey orders

235
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For when Hitler arrives the Wolf's Lair he sends in this message

236
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"Stand firm"

237
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"An army will come to rescue you"

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But no army is able to reach them

239
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and the airplane of the Luftwaffe fail to deliver sufficent supplies

240
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inspite of the promises made by the head of the Air Force Hermann Goering

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242
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A Christmas ration'd  reduced to 50 grams of bread

244
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and 12 grams of fat

245
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Mussolini who has just lost an army in Stalingrad

246
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is looking for a way to shift German attention back to north Africa

247
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He writes to Hitler

248
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"In my opinion Russian can never be annihilated"

249
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"she is defended by her resite"

250
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"A territory so vast that can never be coquered or held"

251
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"The Russian chapter is over"

252
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"We should make peace with Stalin"

253
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What would Hitler do?

254
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To negotiate would be to admit that the compaign in Russia was a huge failure

255
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Future advance however will not give Hitler the choice

256
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Roosevelt the president of the United States has arrived in Casablanca in Morocco

257
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to attend one of the most important meetings

258
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in modern history

259
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260
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He and Churchill want to settle the prickly question of French political power

262
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Roosevelt wants to exclude De Gaulle

263
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who since 1940 has been  declaiming he is legitimacy

264
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as the leader of French Resistance Movement

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Roosevelt says

266
00:19:45,892 --> 00:19:50,758
"Genernal De Gaulle is a soldier certainly a patriot and devoted his country"

267
00:19:50,898 --> 00:19:54,098
"but on the other hand he is also a politian and sectarian"

268
00:19:54,298 --> 00:19:58,632
"and I believe in him he has all the attributes of dictator"

269
00:20:00,098 --> 00:20:04,098
Roosevelt prefer to invite another France's leader to Casablanca

270
00:20:04,232 --> 00:20:05,998
Genernal Giraud

271
00:20:06,365 --> 00:20:08,432
taken prisoner in 1940

272
00:20:08,465 --> 00:20:10,732
he has just escaped from Germany

273
00:20:10,832 --> 00:20:13,298
and arrived in north Africa

274
00:20:13,498 --> 00:20:16,298
He comes dashing figure

275
00:20:18,698 --> 00:20:20,565
Churchill continues to support De Gaulle

276
00:20:20,765 --> 00:20:23,632
and invites him in order to try to reconcile the two rival Genernals

277
00:20:24,832 --> 00:20:27,032
which isn't an easy task

278
00:20:28,365 --> 00:20:32,232
Roosevelt and Churchill are agreed future cooperation between the two adversaries is necessary

279
00:20:32,432 --> 00:20:35,898
in order to save France

280
00:20:36,098 --> 00:20:41,165
It is obvious that Roosevelt has a warm feeling for Giraud than for De Gaulle

281
00:20:45,098 --> 00:20:46,698
then at the closing conference

282
00:20:46,765 --> 00:20:50,165
Roosevelt and Churchill make a declaration of the utmost importance

283
00:20:50,365 --> 00:20:56,032
with great vehemence they pronounce the words that will hence for become the Ally's credo

284
00:20:56,232 --> 00:20:58,098
unconditional surrender

285
00:20:58,365 --> 00:21:02,232
by Germany, Japan and Italy

286
00:21:07,865 --> 00:21:10,267
There will be no more negotiating

287
00:21:10,400 --> 00:21:13,734
The Allies will keep fighting the Axis Powers until the very end

288
00:21:13,800 --> 00:21:17,267
The price in lives will be high

289
00:21:17,400 --> 00:21:19,267
And many believes that this radical position

290
00:21:19,467 --> 00:21:21,867
whose purpose is to reassure the Soviet

291
00:21:22,067 --> 00:21:26,934
will only serve to increase the German's devotion to their Fuhrer

292
00:21:31,334 --> 00:21:33,267
Stalin is satisfied

293
00:21:33,467 --> 00:21:36,267
He feared that Hitler would conclude the separate peace with the Allies

294
00:21:36,400 --> 00:21:40,200
in order to pit all of his forces against the Russia

295
00:21:43,534 --> 00:21:49,534
He launches his offensive to annihilate the beast still lurking in the ruins of Stalingrad

296
00:21:56,267 --> 00:21:59,867


297
00:22:23,267 --> 00:22:27,600
Beyond the red flag is the univer-megastore

298
00:22:27,867 --> 00:22:32,934
where the commander of the Sixth Army Genernal Friedrich Paulus is intrenched

299
00:22:33,200 --> 00:22:35,467
His men surrender

300
00:22:35,667 --> 00:22:38,200


301
00:22:39,800 --> 00:22:41,800


302
00:22:41,934 --> 00:22:43,334
The day before

303
00:22:43,534 --> 00:22:45,400
Hitler had promoted him to Field Marshal

304
00:22:45,534 --> 00:22:50,534
thinking it would compel him to commit suicide in order to save his honor

305
00:22:50,600 --> 00:22:52,534
Paulus however on the verge of collapse

306
00:22:52,800 --> 00:22:56,667
weaken by dysentery and revolted by the absurdity of Hitler's orders

307
00:22:56,867 --> 00:23:00,200
allows himself to be captured

308
00:23:00,467 --> 00:23:05,267
Field Marshal Paulus is an extraordinary prize for the Soviet

309
00:23:07,067 --> 00:23:12,934
He is the man master minded "Operation Barbarossa" the plan to invade the Soviet Union

310
00:23:14,134 --> 00:23:16,800
The Soviet leaders can hardly believe it

311
00:23:18,600 --> 00:23:20,534
Paulus will collaborate to the Soviet

312
00:23:20,800 --> 00:23:26,134
and testify the Nuremberg trials against his former commanders

313
00:23:26,400 --> 00:23:28,667
such as Keitel

314
00:23:30,867 --> 00:23:35,867
When he is released in 1953 he will settle in east Germany

315
00:23:36,067 --> 00:23:41,267
His reaction is mainly of rejection of Hitler's outrageous policies

316
00:23:41,534 --> 00:23:44,067
Many of his men feel the same way

317
00:23:44,267 --> 00:23:46,200
"Hitler can go to the devil"

318
00:23:46,467 --> 00:23:51,000
The German prisoners dare to mutter in the few words of Russian they know

319
00:23:51,200 --> 00:23:53,000
"We want to go home."

320
00:24:00,100 --> 00:24:03,900
We can only image how the people in the occupied countries master felt

321
00:24:04,400 --> 00:24:06,534
After the German defeated the Stalingrad

322
00:24:06,800 --> 00:24:09,467
hope is revived

323
00:24:09,667 --> 00:24:14,267
The German news broadcasts do not of couse show any of these images

324
00:24:14,467 --> 00:24:15,534
and Hitler says

325
00:24:15,667 --> 00:24:17,734
"We must not use the words 'surrender' "

326
00:24:17,934 --> 00:24:22,134
"We must explain that our men were unable to receive supplies that is why they were beaten"

327
00:24:22,400 --> 00:24:25,800
"We have to use the word 'sacrifice'"

328
00:24:34,467 --> 00:24:37,734
The Nazis want to turn this national disaster

329
00:24:38,134 --> 00:24:41,467
into an opputinity for galvanising the German people

330
00:24:43,734 --> 00:24:45,734
The Minister of propaganda Goebbels

331
00:24:45,734 --> 00:24:49,934
are seeing the task of moblizing all the nation's energy and resources

332
00:24:50,034 --> 00:24:52,334
towards this end

333
00:24:52,534 --> 00:24:54,934


334
00:24:55,134 --> 00:24:57,267


335
00:24:59,067 --> 00:25:02,667


336
00:25:02,867 --> 00:25:06,267


337
00:25:06,467 --> 00:25:08,934


338
00:25:09,934 --> 00:25:12,334


339
00:25:12,334 --> 00:25:15,800


340
00:25:21,400 --> 00:25:25,667


341
00:25:25,867 --> 00:25:32,667


342
00:25:32,934 --> 00:25:37,334


343
00:25:42,834 --> 00:25:45,834
In the audience seemingly ecstatic is Albert Speer

344
00:25:46,034 --> 00:25:47,834


345
00:25:48,100 --> 00:25:48,900
He will furnish Hitler

346
00:25:49,100 --> 00:25:52,034
with the means of implement total war

347
00:25:52,234 --> 00:25:55,100
Hitler calls him "his only friend"

348
00:25:55,300 --> 00:25:59,500
The 38-year-old architect built of the Fuhrur's megalomania ????

349
00:25:59,700 --> 00:26:03,767
has been appointed Minister of Armament

350
00:26:08,967 --> 00:26:13,134
Speer gives new empetus to the German war industry

351
00:26:13,534 --> 00:26:15,400
He is masterful organizer

352
00:26:15,600 --> 00:26:19,534
But above all he is an adamant Nazi

353
00:26:19,800 --> 00:26:20,734
Under his orders

354
00:26:20,934 --> 00:26:24,134
millions of foreign or Jewish civilians will be rounded up

355
00:26:24,334 --> 00:26:28,267
and worked to exhaustion or to death

356
00:26:28,600 --> 00:26:30,134
After Russia and Poland

357
00:26:30,267 --> 00:26:35,134
occupied France is the country that provides the Nazis with the great number of workers

358
00:26:37,134 --> 00:26:41,134
The Vichy regime insistutes a compulsory labor service

359
00:26:41,200 --> 00:26:45,867
and drafts six hundred thousand French workers for Germany

360
00:26:50,134 --> 00:26:53,400
Those who want to evade this service take to the forests

361
00:26:53,534 --> 00:26:56,400
and join the Resistance Movement

362
00:26:59,000 --> 00:27:03,267
The song of these groups is "The Partizan Song"

363
00:27:04,934 --> 00:27:07,800


364
00:27:08,000 --> 00:27:10,267


365
00:27:12,267 --> 00:27:14,734


366
00:27:14,934 --> 00:27:17,934


367
00:27:20,267 --> 00:27:23,467


368
00:27:23,667 --> 00:27:25,934


369
00:27:27,134 --> 00:27:28,334
Under ground resistance groups

370
00:27:28,534 --> 00:27:31,200
have been created in all of the occupied countries

371
00:27:31,400 --> 00:27:35,867


372
00:27:36,067 --> 00:27:38,467


373
00:27:38,667 --> 00:27:41,867


374
00:27:42,067 --> 00:27:45,134


375
00:27:45,267 --> 00:27:47,400


376
00:27:47,667 --> 00:27:50,067


377
00:27:50,067 --> 00:27:52,934


378
00:27:53,134 --> 00:27:58,467


379
00:27:58,667 --> 00:28:03,934


380
00:28:04,200 --> 00:28:07,467


381
00:28:07,600 --> 00:28:09,867


382
00:28:10,000 --> 00:28:12,408


383
00:28:12,408 --> 00:28:15,741


384
00:28:20,008 --> 00:28:21,008


385
00:28:21,141 --> 00:28:23,008
Behind the walls of the Warsaw Ghetto

386
00:28:23,208 --> 00:28:26,341
the Germans are confronted by a Jewish uprising

387
00:28:36,475 --> 00:28:41,008
Before the war this area of Warsaw was a lively open district

388
00:28:41,208 --> 00:28:44,408
Filmed in color here by an American tourist

389
00:29:09,575 --> 00:29:12,908
In 1940 the Nazi's turned this pleasant area of Warsaw

390
00:29:13,175 --> 00:29:16,175
into an overpopulated prison

391
00:29:22,375 --> 00:29:27,441
This woman shrieks in grief as she carried her dead child through the streets

392
00:29:30,975 --> 00:29:33,775
The Warsaw Ghetto in 1941

393
00:29:42,908 --> 00:29:48,775
The Ghetto in 1942

394
00:29:49,908 --> 00:29:52,775
The Ghetto in 1943

395
00:29:55,908 --> 00:29:58,375
The Nazi's deliberately starved the people

396
00:29:58,575 --> 00:30:01,775
in order to kill weaken and prevent any kind of revolt

397
00:30:01,908 --> 00:30:03,308


398
00:30:03,508 --> 00:30:06,441
But the Jewish manage to acquire weapons

399
00:30:06,641 --> 00:30:09,175
and they die fighting

400
00:30:09,441 --> 00:30:13,708
The survivors are deported to the ???? extermination camp

401
00:30:13,841 --> 00:30:16,308
and they are executed

402
00:30:20,041 --> 00:30:23,308
The Ghetto is raised to the ground

403
00:30:30,441 --> 00:30:33,641
At the same time the Allies win another victory

404
00:30:33,841 --> 00:30:35,708
They enter Tunis

405
00:30:39,308 --> 00:30:42,041


406
00:30:44,041 --> 00:30:48,308
Behind these gates the Germans had already initiated policies to persecute

407
00:30:48,508 --> 00:30:51,641
the Jewish in Tunisia during their short occupation

408
00:30:51,841 --> 00:30:55,975
The Jewish immediately take the opportunity to remove their yellow stars

409
00:31:04,375 --> 00:31:08,775
Italian prisoners recieve insult gesture from the crowd

410
00:31:19,641 --> 00:31:22,908
Rommel who is still in Tunisia is filmed by a German officer

411
00:31:23,041 --> 00:31:26,908
before aboarding when the last plane's leaving for Germany

412
00:31:27,041 --> 00:31:29,041
In March 1943 he wrote

413
00:31:29,175 --> 00:31:33,308
"I have recieved an instruction to take sick leave and get myself back into shape"

414
00:31:33,508 --> 00:31:37,975
"or might I have to save my men and get them back to the continent having been fruitless"

415
00:31:38,108 --> 00:31:41,175
"Orders have been issued by the Fuhrer Headquaters"

416
00:31:41,308 --> 00:31:44,175
"to maintain the utmost  secrecy concerning my recall to the Germany"

417
00:31:44,308 --> 00:31:48,841
"My military reputation is still to serve as the tyrant"

418
00:31:58,441 --> 00:31:59,308


419
00:31:59,508 --> 00:32:00,775


420
00:32:00,908 --> 00:32:03,108
The Africa Corps has been captured

421
00:32:03,375 --> 00:32:07,241
and now is marching in long lines towards American fleet ships

422
00:32:07,508 --> 00:32:11,508
to be taken away to the other side of Atlantic

423
00:32:18,708 --> 00:32:24,708
During the war three hundred eighty thousand Germans will be sent over to Canada and the United States

424
00:32:24,908 --> 00:32:28,641
from where escape is impossible

425
00:32:28,775 --> 00:32:32,308
These prisoners are about to embark on a strange ????

426
00:32:32,508 --> 00:32:35,375
It begins on these military transport ships

427
00:32:35,575 --> 00:32:37,641
Many feel like they are having dreams

428
00:32:37,841 --> 00:32:41,041
but then war is over and they are safe

429
00:32:41,241 --> 00:32:44,108
However for these German soldiers the dream will soon turn into a nightmare

430
00:32:44,375 --> 00:32:48,441
because even here the Nazi is remaining in control

431
00:32:49,775 --> 00:32:53,175
These men coming off boat in Canada insist on making a salute

432
00:32:53,308 --> 00:32:56,575
even those who've just one arm

433
00:32:58,241 --> 00:33:01,175
Some prisoners are sent to camp in Virginia and Texas

434
00:33:01,441 --> 00:33:04,975
They work on cotton or tobacco plantations

435
00:33:12,508 --> 00:33:17,508
In these barracks the Nazi law continues to terrorize the prisoners

436
00:33:22,575 --> 00:33:23,908


437
00:33:23,975 --> 00:33:27,908
Within a short time Nazi's officers have taken control of prisons

438
00:33:28,108 --> 00:33:30,975
using intimidation, torture and even murder

439
00:33:31,108 --> 00:33:35,441
to maintain Fascist ideology among their fella prisoners

440
00:33:38,441 --> 00:33:39,641
And this message must reach

441
00:33:39,841 --> 00:33:43,975
the German soldiers fighting and suffering on all German fronts

442
00:33:44,175 --> 00:33:49,641
"They have to understand they have nothing to gain from turning themself in to the Allies"

443
00:33:59,775 --> 00:34:02,241
On the east front even since the fall of Stalingrad

444
00:34:02,441 --> 00:34:05,775
the Wehrmacht is never the same

445
00:34:08,708 --> 00:34:11,975
The soldiers exchange rumors about Fuhrer

446
00:34:13,708 --> 00:34:15,374
"Apparently he's lost his head"

447
00:34:15,575 --> 00:34:17,575
"He's been secretly held in Berchtesgaden"

448
00:34:17,775 --> 00:34:20,175
"It is his double we've seen"

449
00:34:25,041 --> 00:34:26,307
But no it is Hitler himself

450
00:34:26,508 --> 00:34:30,908
filmed in Berchtesgaden by his mistress Eva Brown

451
00:34:36,775 --> 00:34:39,775
Since his army's defeat at Stalingrad and El Alamein

452
00:34:39,975 --> 00:34:41,307
he's changed

453
00:34:41,441 --> 00:34:44,240
his famous mustache has greyed

454
00:34:44,508 --> 00:34:47,641
One of his genernals Von Senger is struck by his appearance

455
00:34:47,708 --> 00:34:49,108
He says

456
00:34:49,308 --> 00:34:50,850
"His skin was flaccid"

457
00:34:51,108 --> 00:34:56,975
"The looking in his blue eyes which had mesmerized the crowds was reddened by insomnia"

458
00:35:02,041 --> 00:35:04,075
In fact his physician doctor Morell

459
00:35:04,141 --> 00:35:06,808
has concocted cocaine eye drops for him

460
00:35:11,008 --> 00:35:12,941


461
00:35:13,409 --> 00:35:16,409
Morell is filmed here on the 20th of April 1943

462
00:35:16,609 --> 00:35:22,009
with the secretary and close friends who have come to wish the Fuhrer a happy birthday

463
00:35:22,209 --> 00:35:24,542
He is only 54

464
00:35:27,942 --> 00:35:31,542
Morell is able to make him presentable for ceremonies

465
00:35:31,809 --> 00:35:36,609
Hitler however is careful to keep his left arm under control

466
00:35:36,809 --> 00:35:39,075
It tends to tremble

467
00:35:39,209 --> 00:35:42,742
He is already showing signs of Parkinson diseases

468
00:35:50,542 --> 00:35:55,409
As a result the head of SS Himmler becomes even more important

469
00:35:56,609 --> 00:35:58,675


470
00:35:59,942 --> 00:36:02,742
The SS whose recruits one now coming from Hitler youth

471
00:36:03,009 --> 00:36:07,775
starts it out as the Schutzstaffel, the protection squad for Nazi officals

472
00:36:08,075 --> 00:36:12,675
Later he will provide guards for the concentration camps

473
00:36:14,642 --> 00:36:17,442
The SS has now created a veritable army of its own

474
00:36:17,642 --> 00:36:20,642
the Waffen-SS

475
00:36:22,175 --> 00:36:24,842
In the future these elite troops under Himmler's orders

476
00:36:25,042 --> 00:36:30,909
are expected to replace the Wehrmacht which is no longer considered complete loyal

477
00:36:34,175 --> 00:36:37,509
Increasingly Himmler recurits from the occupied countries

478
00:36:37,709 --> 00:36:40,309
fanatic such as these Bosnia SS

479
00:37:01,309 --> 00:37:02,775
In the occupied area of Russia

480
00:37:02,909 --> 00:37:07,042
the SS also has no problem with recruiting two divisions of Cossacks

481
00:37:07,175 --> 00:37:14,175
who during the time of Tsars will already known for their bloody Anti-Semitic pogroms

482
00:37:14,242 --> 00:37:18,309
They will form the fearsome fifteenth SS Cavalry Corps

483
00:37:26,109 --> 00:37:31,842
As for the Wehrmacht it will enlist as many as one millions Soviet prisoners who have no other choice

484
00:37:31,975 --> 00:37:33,509
They can otherwise die of hunger

485
00:37:33,642 --> 00:37:36,309
or fight along side the Germans

486
00:37:36,575 --> 00:37:42,042
Some like former Soviet genernal Vlasov are also agsinst Stalin

487
00:37:42,242 --> 00:37:46,042
after the German siege Leningrad Vlasov was taken prisoner

488
00:37:46,242 --> 00:37:48,842
and changes sides

489
00:37:49,042 --> 00:37:54,042
He will come on the Russian Liberation Army under the flag of Wehrmacht

490
00:37:58,309 --> 00:38:03,775
The Germans outfit this veritable foreign liege of there with best equipment

491
00:38:03,975 --> 00:38:08,642
such as the Tiger Tank designed by the brilliant engineer Ferdinand Porsche

492
00:38:10,642 --> 00:38:12,642
with its 88 milimeter gun

493
00:38:12,842 --> 00:38:16,309
the Tiger was the most dreaded of the German tanks

494
00:38:24,642 --> 00:38:28,842
As a result back in the Wolf's Lair Hitler starts to feel hopful again

495
00:38:29,042 --> 00:38:33,109
He can now renew his obsession of destorying Red Army

496
00:38:37,575 --> 00:38:40,842
He wants to attack at Kursk

497
00:38:43,042 --> 00:38:46,042
The Russians have put forward into the front lines

498
00:38:46,242 --> 00:38:49,309
and Germany will launch a massive summer offensive

499
00:38:49,442 --> 00:38:51,709
"Operation Citadel"

500
00:38:51,975 --> 00:38:54,442
The biggest tank battle in history

501
00:38:54,642 --> 00:38:56,842
2700 German tanks

502
00:38:57,042 --> 00:39:01,442
are preparing to combat 3600 Soviet tanks

503
00:39:01,642 --> 00:39:06,909
But the technical superiority of the German Tiger appears to be overwhelming

504
00:39:11,709 --> 00:39:14,175
Hitler knows the importance of this battle

505
00:39:14,309 --> 00:39:17,109
To lead his force of nine hundred thousand soldiers

506
00:39:17,375 --> 00:39:22,975
he is choosing the man who help him to win the battle of France Field Marshal Von Manstein

507
00:39:37,309 --> 00:39:41,309
The offensive lead by the Tiger tanks break through the Soviet line

508
00:39:41,442 --> 00:39:45,642
but encounter the brutle anti-armor defense setup of the Soviet

509
00:39:45,842 --> 00:39:48,842
and dense concentration of tanks

510
00:39:56,909 --> 00:39:59,642
The Wehrmacht troops are pushed back

511
00:39:59,842 --> 00:40:04,175
Even the formidable Tiger tanks are falling victims to the Soviets

512
00:40:10,309 --> 00:40:12,175
and the Soviets have a secret weapon

513
00:40:12,309 --> 00:40:17,975
The British have succeeded in capturing an decoding German encryption machine called Enigma

514
00:40:18,175 --> 00:40:22,909
and they are now able to read all of the most secret German orders

515
00:40:23,175 --> 00:40:25,709
The powerful Soviets secret service in Britain

516
00:40:25,975 --> 00:40:31,109
have managed to pass on the decoded operation plans to Moscow

517
00:40:39,609 --> 00:40:43,109
This war is also a espionage war

518
00:40:48,575 --> 00:40:51,442
In Kursk the outcoming is devastating for Germans

519
00:40:51,709 --> 00:40:55,442
who have already lost fifty thousand men in this battle

520
00:41:04,242 --> 00:41:08,642
Von Manstein wants reinforcement in order to continue his offensive

521
00:41:09,775 --> 00:41:11,775
He is waiting for Hitler

522
00:41:17,042 --> 00:41:18,242
He immeadiately tells him

523
00:41:18,442 --> 00:41:19,975
We have suffered losses

524
00:41:20,175 --> 00:41:24,775
but the Russians have too even worse

525
00:41:24,909 --> 00:41:26,442
Hitler seems very hesitant

526
00:41:26,575 --> 00:41:29,642
He mutters a few inanities

527
00:41:29,642 --> 00:41:31,775
Von Manstein will write

528
00:41:31,909 --> 00:41:35,309
"He seems to me to be quite feeble"

529
00:41:35,509 --> 00:41:41,242
This impression is comfirmed when Von Manstein shows Hitler the figures of losses in ???? of Kursk

530
00:41:42,342 --> 00:41:45,709
Since the beginning of the war two million German soldiers

531
00:41:45,909 --> 00:41:49,775
have already been killed, wounded or gone missing in action

532
00:41:49,909 --> 00:41:52,842
Hitler will never be able to fill that void

533
00:41:53,042 --> 00:41:56,709
Things are now far cry from the victory of the lightning war compaigns

534
00:41:56,909 --> 00:41:59,442
the blitzkrieg of battle of France

535
00:41:59,575 --> 00:42:01,442
Kursk is the real turning point of the war

536
00:42:01,642 --> 00:42:04,909
because Hitler moves over to the defensive

537
00:42:06,442 --> 00:42:10,242
Overcome by paranoid he insists on having stenographer present

538
00:42:15,109 --> 00:42:17,309
Von Manstein does not believe that thing is lost

539
00:42:17,575 --> 00:42:20,457
but Hitler disagrees

540
00:42:24,790 --> 00:42:27,590
Von Manstein implores him to continue their offensive

541
00:42:27,723 --> 00:42:29,657
Hitler refuses

542
00:42:29,790 --> 00:42:32,390
The battle of Kursk is over

543
00:42:32,590 --> 00:42:34,890
For Hitler the priority now

544
00:42:34,990 --> 00:42:39,057
is to send reinforcement over to Sicily while the Allies have just landed

545
00:42:39,190 --> 00:42:41,857
The lasso is tighting

546
00:42:41,990 --> 00:42:43,990
Things are moving fast

547
00:42:45,323 --> 00:42:49,190


548
00:42:52,323 --> 00:42:57,390
All Hitler can do is try to hold back the advancing Allies

549
00:43:01,957 --> 00:43:04,690
But he is unable to prevent the fall of Mussolini

550
00:43:04,890 --> 00:43:06,957
which leads Italy to surrender

551
00:43:07,157 --> 00:43:09,757
and to change sides

552
00:43:18,157 --> 00:43:23,357
The new Italian goverment has Mussolini imprisoned up in Mountains

553
00:43:23,557 --> 00:43:27,623
Hitler sends an airborne command unit to rescue him

554
00:43:30,123 --> 00:43:33,057
Hitler wants Mussolini back in power

555
00:43:33,323 --> 00:43:34,657
He sends him back to Italy

556
00:43:34,857 --> 00:43:39,523
to reestablish his fascist regime with the help of German army

557
00:43:41,790 --> 00:43:43,523
The Germans invade Italy

558
00:43:43,790 --> 00:43:48,457
and have no qualm about slaughtering their former allies who attempt to resist

559
00:43:52,123 --> 00:43:55,657
The Germans immediately start going after the Jewishes in Rome, Milan

560
00:43:55,857 --> 00:44:00,457
Genoa, Florence and Trieste

561
00:44:00,590 --> 00:44:05,190
Hitler's greatest concern is to prevent any further allied landings in Italy

562
00:44:05,390 --> 00:44:07,923
and above all in France

563
00:44:09,790 --> 00:44:14,790
This is the idea behind "Fortress Europe" whose emblem is the Atlantic Wall

564
00:44:15,057 --> 00:44:21,057
a staggering system of fortifications streching from Norway down to the Spanish border

565
00:44:22,590 --> 00:44:26,990
Rommel is put in charge of defending Fortress Europe

566
00:44:27,123 --> 00:44:28,123
He says

567
00:44:28,323 --> 00:44:32,723
"It is absolutely necessary that we push the British Americans back from the beaches"

568
00:44:32,857 --> 00:44:35,457
"Afterwards it will be too late"

569
00:44:35,657 --> 00:44:38,857
"The first 24 hours of invasion will be decisive"

570
00:44:38,990 --> 00:44:42,590
"It will be the longest day"

571
00:44:45,990 --> 00:44:47,390
For Rommel and Nazis

572
00:44:47,590 --> 00:44:50,723
it is beginning of the twilight of the Gods

573
00:44:50,923 --> 00:44:53,457
the final months of Nazi German

574
00:44:53,657 --> 00:44:55,657
and yet these German newsreel

575
00:44:55,857 --> 00:44:58,590
images of Rommel who's been invited to tea

576
00:44:58,790 --> 00:45:00,857
by Magda Goebbels the wife of the Propaganda Minister

577
00:45:01,123 --> 00:45:05,190
are revealing off the mood of the Nazis at this point of war

578
00:45:05,457 --> 00:45:08,590
Nazi ideology puts faith in victory

579
00:45:08,790 --> 00:45:11,323
and vanquishes doubt

580
00:45:14,790 --> 00:45:18,590
Magda Goebbels worships Hitler like a God

581
00:45:18,790 --> 00:45:23,857
Even though he is driving Germany into a frenzy of bloodshed and death

582
00:45:24,923 --> 00:45:29,190
Magda Goebbels has given all of her six children first name that begin with letter H

583
00:45:29,323 --> 00:45:31,257
just like Hitler

584
00:45:31,457 --> 00:45:34,857
???? ???? ????

585
00:45:34,990 --> 00:45:39,590
???? ???? ????

586
00:45:39,790 --> 00:45:41,657
She will kill them all

587
00:45:41,857 --> 00:45:44,857
one by one on the last day of Reich



