medical science is one of humanity's 医学是人类的一部分
greatest accomplishments through 通过最大的成就
advances in modern medicine some 现代医学的一些进步
diseases which are once death sentences 曾经死刑的疾病
now have cures and some of them are 现在有治疗方法，其中一些是治愈方法
simple but this isn't the case for all 虽然简单但并非如此
diseases 疾病
unfortunately medical science still has 不幸的是，医学科学仍然存在
a lot of work to do let's take a look at 很多工作要做，让我们来看看
five of the most notorious diseases that 五种最臭名昭着的疾病
don't yet have cures it wouldn't be 还没有治愈它不会
right to try to rank these by severity 有权尝试按严重程度对这些进行排名
so for simplicity sake we'll go down the 所以为了简单起见，我们将继续下去
list alphabetically at the top of our 按字母顺序排列在我们的顶部
list is AIDS someone can only be 列表是艾滋病，只有一个人可以
diagnosed with AIDS if they have first 如果他们有第一个就被诊断患有艾滋病
been diagnosed with HIV which is a 被诊断出患有艾滋病病毒
disease that can destroy one's immune 可以摧毁一个人免疫力的疾病
system once their HIV has progressed to 系统一旦他们的艾滋病毒进展到
the point where it begins to kill off a 它开始杀死一个点的地步
significant amount of immune cells they 他们有大量的免疫细胞
can be diagnosed with AIDS the symptoms 可以诊断出艾滋病的症状
can take over a decade to manifest in 可能需要十多年才能体现出来
some people and modern antiretroviral 一些人和现代抗逆转录病毒药物
drugs have become sophisticated enough 药物变得足够复杂
to keep HIV at bay hopefully delaying or 希望艾滋病病毒可以延迟或延迟
preventing the advancement to AIDS until 防止艾滋病进展直到
early 2019 only one person had been 2019年初只有一个人去过
cured of HIV now a second person has 现在第二个人已经治愈了艾滋病病毒
been cured both patients received stem 治愈后两名患者都接受了干
cell transplants that led to their 导致他们的细胞移植
bodies being cured of AIDS doctors do 艾滋病医生正在治愈的尸体
not yet feel comfortable strictly 还没觉得很舒服
calling this a cure for the disease 称这是治愈这种疾病的方法
however so more research needs to be 但是需要更多的研究
done Alzheimer's disease is a 完成老年痴呆症是一种
neurodegenerative disease that affects 神经退行性疾病，影响
5.8 million people in the United States 美国有580万人
alone the vast majority of patients are 绝大多数患者都是
above the age of 65 with Alzheimer's 阿尔茨海默氏症患者年龄超过65岁
your brain is affected by the build-up 你的大脑受到积聚的影响
of amyloid plaques between neurons as 神经元之间的淀粉样蛋白斑块
well as neurofibrillary tangles these 以及神经原纤维缠结这些
tangles and plaques are insoluble and 缠结和斑块是不溶的
lead to problems with memory cognitive 导致记忆认知问题
abilities in behavior ultimately leading 行为能力最终领先
to the diagnosis of dementia because of 因为痴呆症的诊断
this Alzheimer's is often ranked between 这种阿尔茨海默氏症经常被排在之间
the sixth and third leading causes of 第六和第三主要原因
death in the United States 在美国死亡
Ebola often makes the news when an 当埃博拉经常发布新闻时
outbreak occurs and for good reason the 爆发发生，有充分理由
disease is highly contagious despite 尽管如此，疾病仍具有高度传染性
what many people believe he bola is not 许多人认为他不是
waterborne or airborne that being said 据说是水上的或空中的
it can spread rapidly through direct 它可以通过直接传播
contact with infected people patients 与感染者接触的患者
with Ebola will experience fevers and 与埃博拉将经历发烧和
tense headaches aches all over fatigue 紧张的头疼疼痛
and other unpleasant symptoms there is 和其他令人不快的症状
not yet a cure for Ebola but these 目前还没有治愈埃博拉病毒的方法
symptoms can be treated and it's best to 症状可以治疗，最好
get treatment as soon as possible 尽快得到治疗
because Ebola has a case fatality rate 因为埃博拉的病死率很高
of 90% Parkinson's disease is a disorder 90％帕金森病是一种疾病
that affects your nervous system it's 这会影响你的神经系统
symptoms progressively get worse over 症状逐渐恶化
time often starting as a slight tremor 时间经常以轻微的震颤开始
in one hand over time these tremors can 一方面随着时间的推移这些震颤可以
spread and become much worse leading to 传播并变得更加糟糕导致
the stiffening of body parts restricted 身体部位的僵硬受到限制
movement and slurred speech research has 运动和言语研究含糊不清
shown that some genetic factors can lead 表明一些遗传因素可以导致
to an increased risk of Parkinson's but 帕金森症的风险增加但是
the direct cause of the disease is still 这种疾病的直接原因仍然存在
not known there is not yet a cure for 不知道还没有治愈方法
Parkinson's but treatments can vary 帕金森症但治疗方法可能有所不同
depending on severity in some cases 在某些情况下取决于严重程度
medication will be prescribed to help 药物将被规定帮助
mitigate the symptoms while some 一些人减轻症状
patients undergo brain surgery in an 患者接受脑外科手术
effort to regulate brain activity to 努力调节大脑活动
combat symptoms schizophrenia is one of 战斗症状精神分裂症是其中之一
the most serious and debilitating mental 最严重和最虚弱的心理
health disorders patients with 健康障碍患者
schizophrenia often experience vivid 精神分裂症经常体验生动
hallucinations which can lead to 可能导致的幻觉
delusional perceptions of reality they 妄想他们对现实的看法
can also experience movement disorders 也可以经历运动障碍
and troubles processing emotions 和麻烦处理情绪
researchers believe that certain genetic 研究人员认为，某些遗传
factors can increase the risk of 因素可以增加风险
schizophrenia which would explain why it 精神分裂症，这将解释为什么
often runs in families but they do not 经常在家庭中运行，但他们没有
believe a single gene is responsible for 相信一个基因负责
the disorder as such it isn't possible 这种疾病是不可能的
for doctors to predict who will develop 让医生预测谁会发展
schizophrenia antipsychotics can be 精神分裂症抗精神病药物可以
administered to help mitigate the 管理，以帮助缓解
symptoms but many patients require 症状，但许多患者需要
focused specialized care throughout 专注于专业护理
their lives 他们的生活
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