字幕www.xjtdsj.com制作 钢琴音乐 [PIANO MUSIC]
字幕www.xjtdsj.com制作 我认为这是个好主意—— I think it's a good idea to--
在学习过程中 during the process of learning how
做一些你以前没做过的事—— to do something you haven't done before--
只是想看看其他人是怎么做的，复制他们。 is just to see how other people have done it, copy them.
那很好。 That's fine.
有一点你会有自己的声音。 There's a point where you'll have your own voice.
这就是你想要达到的目的 That's the point you want to get to where you'll
有你自己的声音，你自己的风格，人们会说， have your own voice, your own style, where people can say,
哦，听起来像比尔或玛丽 oh, that sounds like Bill or Mary
不管你叫什么名字。 or whatever your name might be.
但是我知道我开始模仿很多人 But I know I started off copying a lot of people
倾听很多人的声音，试着去了解他们—— and listening to a lot of people and trying to learn what they--
我听到他们在做的，就是去钢琴 what I hear them doing, just going to the piano
听我喜欢的东西 and listening to something I liked
试着在钢琴上找到它，试试 and try to find it on the piano, try
找到一种方法来演奏它。 to find a way of playing it.
钢琴音乐 [PIANO MUSIC]
在我14岁的时候，那是 By the time I was 14 years old, that's
第一次，我的耳朵真的为爵士乐敞开了大门。 the first time my ears really opened up for jazz.
有一场音乐会是高年级的 There was a concert that the senior class
过去每学期都有“高级品种”。 used to give every semester called "Senior Varieties."
在这个特殊的年份，有一个爵士三人组—— And this particular year, there was a jazz trio of students--
钢琴，低音和鼓。 piano, bass, and drums.
那个弹钢琴的人在我的班上，所以他和我的年龄差不多。 And the piano player was in my class, so he was about my age.
他在即兴创作。 And he was improvising.
我觉得你应该更老一点，至少像19岁， And I thought you had to be older, at least like 19,
能够做到这一点。 to be able to do that.
对我来说，当我13或14岁的时候，19岁就更老了。 To me, when I was 13 or 14, 19 was older.
不管怎样，我告诉他我想学会即兴发挥， So anyway, I told him I wanted to learn to improvise,
因为他们看起来很开心。 because it seemed like they were having fun.
孩子们似乎很喜欢。 And the kids seemed to enjoy it.
他们能感受到他们的快乐，尤其是女孩们。 They could feel the joy that they had, especially the girls.
女孩们喜欢它，所以我说，我想玩这个。 The girls liked it, so I said, I want to play that.
在那次表演之后，我问他。 So after that performance, I asked him.
我说，我想学会做这件事。 I said, I want to learn to do this.
我该怎么做呢？ How should I go about it?
所以他说，如果你喜欢我所做的， So he says, if you like what I do,
他说，也许你喜欢乔治的剪毛记录。 he said, maybe you like some George Shearing records.
这就是他所模仿的人。 And that's who he kind of emulated.
所以我跑回家对我妈妈说， So I ran home and said to my mother,
她是家里的钢琴手—— who, well, she was the piano player in the family--
我说，妈妈，我们得去找乔治剪唱片。 I said, Momma, we've got to get George Shearing records.
她说，你有乔治剪唱片。 And she said, you have George Shearing records.
我以为她不理解我。 And I thought she didn't understand me.
我说，你在说什么？ I said, what are you talking about?
我们没有乔治希林的记录。 We don't have George Shearing records.
她说，是的，我们有。 She said, yes, we do.
她说，记得两个圣诞节前 She said, remember two Christmases ago
当我给你买了一张唱片专辑你就对我生气 when I bought you an album of records and you got mad at me
因为他们不是你想要的唱片？ because they weren't the records you wanted?
我说，哦，是的，我记得。 I said, oh, yeah, I remember that.
她说，他们是George剪切记录， She said, they were George Shearing records,
你把它们放在一个记录柜里。 and you have them in a record cabinet.
所以对我的第一个影响是 So the first influence on me really
乔治因这些记录而剪羊毛。 was George Shearing because of those records.
唐，我的同学，说，如果你听到一些东西， And Don, my classmate, said, if you hear some things on there,
试着弄清楚他在玩什么，有些事情是你 try to figure out what he played, some things that you
就像这样。 like that are on there.
试着找出他演奏的是什么，我 Try to figure out what it is that he played, and I
就是这样。 did just that.
钢琴音乐 [PIANO MUSIC]
所以我在一个我想要学习的记录中找到了不同的部分。 So I found different parts in a record that I wanted to learn.
很多都是些布鲁斯的舔舐 A lot of them were kind of bluesy licks
比如弹钢琴之类的，或者弹钢琴。 like [PLAYING PIANO] that kind of thing or [PLAYING PIANO]..
所以我开始把它们写出来， And so I started writing them out,
我会播放我写的东西，然后听 and I would play what I wrote and then listen
给他演奏同样的东西。 to him playing the same things.
听起来不一样。 They sounded different.
我在想，为什么他说 And I was wondering, why does it sound different when he
玩的比我玩的时候好吗？ plays it than when I play it?
嗯，我曾经是一个古典球员。 Well, I had been a classical player.
我已经习惯了八分音符的八分音符。 And I was used to playing eighth notes as really eighth notes.
当我演奏时，我注意到它没有摆动。 And I noticed when I played it, it didn't swing.
笑 [LAUGHS]
渐渐地，我明白了 So little by little, I learned that what
可能是写在乐谱上的 might be written on a sheet music
因为第八音符真的像三胞胎一样。 as eighth notes were really played like triplets.
钢琴一二，三。 [PLAYING PIANO] One two, three.
一，二，三。 One, two three.
一，二，三。 One, two, three.
一，二，三。 One, two three.
弹钢琴 [PLAYING PIANO]
我还注意到，在即兴创作的台词中， And I also noticed that in the improvised lines,
好像是一段线像钢琴一样弹了很多次 it seemed that as a line went up like [PLAYING PIANO] many times
当音符上升时，音量就会上升。 as the notes went up, the volume would go up.
所以这叫做渐强，随着它的上升，它的声音越来越大。 So that's called a crescendo, as it gets louder, as it goes up.
很多时候，即使钢琴弹得更高 And many times, even if [PLAYING PIANO] the higher
音符，而不是下面的音符，比音符更响亮。 notes, not this lower note, were louder than the lower notes.
弹钢琴 [PLAYING PIANO]
后来，我开始听bebop， Later on, I began to listen to bebop,
看起来是这样的。 and it appeared that way.
至少，那是我学习更多东西的一扇门 At least, that was a doorway into me learning something more
关于摇摆。 about swinging.
钢琴音乐 [PIANO MUSIC]
我想提出一些建议 I would like to make some suggestions
至于你可能会听谁去学习更多关于即兴创作的知识—— as to who you might listen to to learn more about improvising--
我听过的唱片或音乐家 records or musicians that I've listened
对我自己来说，帮助过我这可能是一个开始的地方。 to myself that have helped me that could be a starting place.
你甚至不需要选择同样的人。 You don't even have to pick the same people.
但是如果你想知道是什么让我开始， But if have if you want to know what started me off,
这些是一些人。 these are some of the people.
仅仅因为我的记忆不是这样的， Just because my memory is not what it was,
我在下面写了一些名字。 I wrote some of the names down here.
迈尔斯戴维斯——我从迈尔斯那里学到了很多关于旋律的知识， Miles Davis-- I learned a lot from Miles about melody,
例如，节奏。 for example, and rhythm.
当他在的时候，他的最佳状态是 The groove that Miles hits when he's
演奏，他把笔记放在哪里， playing, where he places his notes,
它就在右边的口袋里。 it's just right in the right pocket.
它刚好适合它应该适合的地方。 It just fits right where it's supposed to fit.
你真的能感觉到。 And you can really feel that.
John Coltrane是另一个。 John Coltrane is another one.
我记得他录的一段录音。 I remember a recording he made.
是John Coltrane住在乡村先锋队， It was John Coltrane Live at the Village Vanguard,
有一首叫做“Chasin”的曲子。 and there was a tune called "Chasin' the Train."
我记得那是在1963年左右，我想， And I remember it was around 1963, I think,
我在这段录音的中间打开了收音机。 that I turned on the radio in the middle of this recording.
直到这篇文章的结尾我才知道 And I didn't know until the end of this piece
那是一种蓝调，因为它—— that it was a blues, because it went--
我不知道那是什么。 I didn't know what it was.
这是一大堆的笔记。 It was a lot of notes.
然后当我开始意识到他真的 And then when I started to realize he had really
刚刚拿到了12小节的基本蓝调 just taken the basic 12-bar blues
以一首简单的旋律开始， and started off with a simple melody,
然后，他开始使用各种各样的声音 and then, he starts using all kinds of sounds
以及各种不同的方法。 and all kinds of just different approaches with them.
有些是勇气和血腥，有些是恳求的。 Some of it was guts and gore, and some of it was pleading.
有些是—— And some of it was--
它可能感到愤怒，但强烈。 it felt maybe angry, but intense.
我认为这抓住了它—— I think that captures it--
非常激烈。 really intense.
但是他把它从简单的变成了极其复杂的。 But he developed it from simple to the extremely complex.
另一个人，对我来说，就像星球大战中的尤达， And another person who, for me, is like Yoda from Star Wars,
这是韦恩。 that's Wayne Shorter.
他的旋律，节奏，和声 His sense of melody, rhythm, and harmony
是高度发达的，但总是，总是发自内心的 are highly developed but always, always heartfelt, always
超越大脑。 transcending the brain.
它就像一个箭头一样直接进入。 It just goes right in, like an arrow.
你总能感觉到它。 You can always feel it.
让我再提一个名字，一个了不起的音乐家，史蒂夫 Let me mention another name, an amazing musician, Stevie
奇迹。 Wonder.
作为一个作曲家，谁能比得上史蒂夫？ As a composer, who can compare to Stevie?
他知道如何制作混合流派的旋律 He knows how to make melodies that mix genres, that mix
爵士乐和古典音乐。 jazz and classical.
有些旋律有一种欧洲人的本质 And some melodies have a kind of a folk European essence
对他们来说。 to them.
还有R&B——所有这些东西混在一起。 And R&B-- all those things mixed together.
现在有一个年轻人，他不是来自美国; Now there's a young man who is not from America;
他来自英国—— he's from England--
谁能教会你很多和谐的课程 who can teach you a lot of lessons in harmony
只要听听他的记录，你就能明白 just by listening to his records if you could figure out
他做了什么。 what he did.
他的名字叫雅各布科利尔。 And his name is Jacob Collier.
他只有21岁。 He's only 21 years of age.
他只有一张唱片，在我的房间里。 And he only has one record out, and it's called In My Room.
在我的房间里的任何记录， And anything on that record, In My Room,
有很多东西要学。 has plenty of things to learn from.
这些是需要检查的东西。 So those are some things to check out.
钢琴音乐 [PIANO MUSIC]
我也发现了，因为我 What I found, too, is that because I
在我还没开始学习古典音乐之前 had studied classical music before I even
试着去演奏爵士乐， attempted to get into playing jazz,
我已经知道如何阅读音乐了。 I already knew how to read music.
但是我发现写东西对我来说更容易 But I found that it was easier for me to write down things
我听到了，试着在键盘上找到它们， that I heard, try to find them on the keyboard,
把它们写下来，这样我就可以 and write them down, so I could always
在不需要回到记录的情况下，参考它们。 refer to them without having to go back to the record.
因为我这样做了，它帮助我学习 Because I did that, it helped me to learn
如何写作和适应听觉的过程 how to write and get used to the process of hearing something
在乐器上找到它，然后超越 and finding it on the instrument but then transcending
这是一种乐器，只是听到它，然后把它放好 the instrument and just hearing it and putting it
就在这页上。 right on the page.
对我来说，我从来没有这样做过 That did things for me that I never
意识到它可能会。 realized that it might do.
因此，我能听到一些东西 So consequently, I could hear something
要知道钢琴演奏的是电子平板 and know that the piano was playing E-flat and then
然后是B，然后是B平面，然后是a平面，然后 C and then B and then B-flat and then A-flat and then
例如，弹钢琴，因为我 F, for example, [PLAYING PIANO] because I
我已经习惯了我所听到的 got used to the connection between what I was hearing
以及我在这一页上看到的。 and what I might see on the page.
这使得事情发展得更快。 That made things go a lot faster.
所以有决心是很重要的 So it's important to have the determination
做这些无聊的事情，因为 to do these boring things because
你想去的地方，你想去的地方。 of where you want to go, the point you want to get to.