大家好！
欢迎观看这一期的《数码摄影1对1》
我是Mark Wallace
这一期Cynthia提了一个很好的问题
Cynthia写道
我的圣诞礼物是一台单反 这是我的第一台相机
我想知道相机上的那些按钮都是干嘛的
我们祝贺Cynthia得到了一台新相机
问题问得很好
很多人都想了解他们相机上的那些按钮
我们没时间把每个按钮都讲到
我们就挑主要的讲
那我们先来讲讲快门
就是这个按钮
这台是佳能 这台是尼康
这个按钮就是拍照的时候按的
它叫快门
有不同的方法操控相机 比如...
按住不放的时候相机会怎样
那叫做连拍模式
当你按下一半相机会怎样
相机会自动对焦
还有很多类似的技巧
所以我会讲到这些相机的一些主要的按钮
有一点很好的是
一旦学会了所有按钮的功能
你就不用朝他们看了
就可以端着相机只看取景器
同时调节相机
还有一点很好的是
不同的品牌 不管是尼康 佳能 奥林巴斯 还是索尼
每个相机的那些按钮都差不多
所以等你以后换别的相机
你也只是复习一下这些按钮的功能
多好啊
那我们先来讲讲
这些相机上一些很隐蔽的功能
让你们有所了解
尼康相机有个功能我很喜欢
就是它能让你在暗处看得见设置参数
在这上面
有个面板显示你的各种设置
快门速度啦 光圈值啦 等等
在暗处会很难看清
但尼康相机这里的开关按钮就能搞定
只要往右拨一下
这里就有个小光
实际上是开了一个小灯 你在暗处就看得清了
这个特别特别好
大部分佳能或者别的牌子的相机
没有一个那样的开关
但是有个印着小灯图标的按钮
按下那个
就可以照亮了 在暗处就看得见了
特别特别好
好的 我们来讲讲别的按钮
我们先来讲相机怎么对焦
那叫自动对焦模式
相机自动对焦的方式有很多种
可以一直对焦 也可以对焦后锁定
我们有一期《数码摄影1对1》是专门讲那个的
你要设置对焦方式
就要用到自动对焦按钮
这台尼康 是这个印着AF的按钮
所以在你的相机上找到印着AF的按钮
AF就是自动对焦
用那个按钮就可以设置相机如何对焦
是单次对焦 还是连续对焦
这是这个按钮
再看佳能相机
自动对焦按钮一般在上面
按一下就可以看到能设置的所有的对焦方式
这就是自动对焦按钮
千万别跟另一个开关搞混了
镜头上还有一个开关
尼康相机也有一个开关在侧面
是用来打开和关闭对焦功能的
所以你可以打开和关闭这个功能
打开的时候 你得告诉它怎样对焦
但是 如果要关掉自动对焦
有几种方法
尼康相机
侧面这边有个开关
印着AF 和 M
AF 是自动对焦
M 是手动对焦
这个开关就是这样子
镜头上也有个同样的开关
MA 意思是手动和自动
也就是说开启了自动对焦
M means just manual focus
So you turn your focus off
So that's what that switch is
And the thing is
If you have the lens on a Nikon set to auto
but you have the body set to manual
This is going to override this
That's a little gotcha
So I recommend always leaving this on autofocus
and then changing your autofocus mode to turn it on and off on the lens
On a Canon
That same switch's right on the lens
so it's always gonna be on the lens
Auto focus or manual focus
that's what that switch is
So don't confuse those two
One says I want autofocus to be turned on or off
The other says, if it's on...
here is how you like it to behave
So they both work with autofocus
but they're a little bit different
Now speaking of autofocus
There's another little hidden jam on almost every single camera
It's called the dioptric control
This is a tiny little dial right by the eyepiece
That's something a lot of people don't ever notice
What that does is if you wear glasses...
and you can't see the numbers clearly through the eyepiece
If they're a little bit out of focus
You can adjust this, so that you can take your glasses off
and you can adjust this and it'll adjust to your vision
It's only for people with minor vision correction
If you have some very thick eyeglasses
they you have to have major shifts
You can actually buy some lenses that go on the back here
This eyepiece will come off here
You have to sort of squeeze that
And you can actually buy different lenses that you can put on here
So basically you're taking your glasses, sticking them on your camera
so that attaches right there
So if you wear glasses and that's annoying
You can change how you see things to the camera
So you can take those glasses off or correct for that
So that dioptric control is right here
So if you look through your lens and it's fuzzy, it's not in focus
that's what you need to change
Now on a Canon and other cameras
It's right there, same place
There's the little dial
You wanna make sure you can see the numbers very very clearly
A lot of students that I talked to when I grab their cameras to help them with their exercise
This happens to maybe 50% of my beginning students
I'll look through their lens
and the numbers inside are totally out of focus
Because they bumped this adjustment
So make sure that your numbers are clearly and in focus
All right, let's look at one more thing specific to the eyepiece
That is another hidden feature
That is, if you're taking a long exposure at night
and you wanna have your shutter open for, say...
30 seconds or maybe a few minutes
Light can actually come into the back of your camera
through the eyepiece and get into the exposure
when you have your shutter open for a really long period of time
On a lot of cameras there's a little thing on a actual camera strap
Some people think this is just a piece of rubber that has a brand on it
This one says Canon
It's actually a device that will fit...
right over the back of your eyepiece like this
And it blocks the light from going through there
So it's not just a little rubber piece that has a brand on it
It's actually a tool to help block the light from coming into the back of your camera
Other cameras actually have a little switch to block the light that's coming throught that
But if you see one of this little pieces of...
plastic or rubber on your camera strap
That's what it's for
You have to take the eyepiece off
and then stick that right over the back
So there you have it
OK. let's talk about the remaining functions here
I'm gonna show you a demo of something that's really really cool
There's one button here that's called the drive mode
That tells you either to take 1 single shot...
So you can here this, it'll take 1 shot
or you can change that drive mode
so it'll take multiple shots
That's what that button does
It says only takes 1 shot or take a bunch of shots
So that's the drive mode
It's right on the top there
On some cameras it doesn't say drive
It actually has a bunch of little squares
Those squares are supposed to be little photos
So it's saying if you wanna take 1 photo or you wanna take multiple photos
That's alse the button you push if you want to take a family portrait
And you're putting your camera on a tripod
Letting it set for 10 seconds
And it beeps and then you run and run and hop in the picture
So that's the button that you push for that
There's one other button that's very very common
And this is a little button that says ISO
That's to change how sensitive your camera is to light
So that's what that button is
Then one last button before we get to a groovy demo
There's a button on Canon...
that looks like a little square with an eyeball in it
That actually is a button that changes how your camera meters
In other words, it changes how your camera looks at light...
to figure out how long the shutter should be open
or how wide the aperture should be open
Again we have another episode all about how that works...
right here on Digital Photography 1 on 1 at Adorama TV
That's how you change that
On a Nikon
It's this little thing that looks like a honeycomb
So that's the metering mode button
So that's what that does
OK. Let's talk 1 more time about something that's really cool
On the back here
On a Canon camera there's a little button that has a star on it
That is for exposure compensation lock
or exposure lock
That's what that is
On the back here
On a Nikon there's a button that says AEL
Auto Exposure Lock
So these both work exactly the same
The cool thing is you can dramatically change how you take a picture
In fact that little button does so much
that we decided to make a little segment all about that button alone
So let's go into our studio and we'll show you how that button works
OK. Let's talk about how Auto-Exposure-Lock works
To help me out today, here is Sam
She's gonna be our model
All I have done is I've put Sam inside here in our studio
In our office base where it's very dark
We've left all the lights off
But outside, the sun is still shining and it's really bright
So the problem with that is...
normally when I compose a shot
The camera is gonna look at this big bright background
and expose for that
And Sam is gonna be totally in a silhouette
In fact we have a video light on right now, we're gonna turn that off
So you can see that there is quite a big difference between...
how Sam is illuminated and this big bright background
Let me walk over to get my camera and show you how I'm gonna fix this
So I'm gonna walk over here
This will work on almost any camera
Most cameras have an auto exposure lock
So we're gonna work through how this works
On a Canon first
On a Canon there's a little star
It's at the upper-right-hand corner
So what I'm gonna do is that I'm just gonna take a photo like I normally would
Sam, look right over at me
Just like that
Beautiful
OK
And now, when we look at that
You can see that Sam is...
absolutely totally underexposed
Now I'm gonna walk back over here and explain why
So when I did this exposure
I had the camera framed up and so it was seeing...
all of this window plus Sam
Because the window was such a large piece of the frame
The camera was exposing for that
so Sam was underexposed
With auto exposure lock, what I can do...
is I can point the camera down, so I'm gonna do that
Point the camera down
and point it more for this table and Sam's waist
...where the light is about the same as it is for her face
Then I'm gonna tell the camera to lock on that
as far as the exposure goes
That's gonna set the aperture and the shutter speed
Then I recompose
This time again with the big window in the background
Because the exposure is locked
Then Sam is gonna be exposed correctly
but the window will be overexposed
So I'm gonna go back over here
I'm gonna do this again
So, Same, I'm gonna...
First, I'm gonna point this down at her waist
Then I'm gonna hit my exposure-lock button
That's locked
Now, Sam, look right at me
Beautiful. Just like that
i'll focus this up here
Perfect
OK. Now when we look at that
You could hear it that was much slower shutter and letting a lot of light
You can see that Sam is exposed correctly
But the background is overexposed
That's the auto exposure lock button
There's another button on the side of the camera
I wanna talk to you about really fast
It's a button that looks like this little flash here
What that does is it controls the flash on the camera
Jus to know
There's a mode dial on the top left of your camera
That tells your camera if you're gonna be shooting in some of the automatic modes
which are great for people that are just starting out with a DSLR
There's little cartoons
So if you wanna shoot, maybe, a portrait
You put the mode to a little picture of a person's head
If you wanna shoot some sports
There's a little running dude
So if you're in the auto modes
This button is not gonna work
Because the camera is gonna figure out when the flash needs to be turned on or off
So after you go the other side of the dial
where the little letters are
Then, this will start to work for you
because now you're controling more of the camera's features
you're saying this is when I want the flash turned on or turned off
So to turn on the flash you just push that button and it pops up
To turn if off
You just pop down the flash
That's how that works
On some cameras, specifically the Nikons
This button over here actually does more than just turn the flash on or off
If you push it and hold it
The display on the top changes
and you can roll this dial to tell the flash to
be more powerful or less powerful
So you're changing how much light is coming out of that flash
On other cameras you can do the same thing
It's just in a different location
But that is how you turn that on of off
There're all kinds of buttons on these cameras that we haven't talked about
The reason for that is
either they are really specific to the brand of the camera
or the maker of the camera
or it just will take us too much time
We have talked a lot about all kinds of buttons and what they do
in past episodes of Digital Photography 1 on 1
So the good news is
if you're just starting out with your DSLR
go to the adorama learning center
We've linked on that
all kinds of tutorials to help you get started with some more of the advanced functions of your camera
So you know what drive mode is and how to set your shutter speed
and how to use some of these letters in manual mode over here on the camera
so you can really dial in and get a lot of use out of your camera
and you can grow into a more advanced photographer
Thank you so much for joining me this week
I hope to see you again next week so we can learn more about our cameras