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when Christmas Eve first started
theorizing about the construction
process involved in building the
pyramids much of what shaped his ideas
and then formulate his process was
already evident and established the
pyramid precinct was already there 22
feet wide and 33 feet deep there was
evidence of a canal and there was a
covered causeway in 450 BC nearly 2,000
years after the construction of the
pyramids the Greek historian Herodotus
travelled to Egypt and visited the Giza
Plateau here his guide explained to him
that the causeway alone took ten years
to build but whereas traditional
historians view it as a walkway used for
ceremonial purposes Chris saw a pipe a
culvert to engineered and far too robust
for such a simple function with these
part of the puzzle already in place
Chris began to construct his own method
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the project would begin by putting all
of the infrastructure in place a canal
would be dug from the Nile connected to
the limestone quarry and is close to the
pyramid site as possible a harbor will
be built on the canal and a roof
causeway built from the harbor to the
pyramid build area a mode that is the
precinct would be dug around the
limestone outcrop and filled with water
the workforce would be told that any
rock protruding through the water leaves
chipping off once all the protruding
stone has been removed the water level
would be lowered and the process
repeated the whole area inside the mode
need not be leveled only around the
first meters in it is imperative the
perimeter blocks of precisely level the
structural strength
the perimeter walls of a house the
interior is less important and there is
little need to remove rock only to
replace it with blocks once the water
level has been dropped to around 30
millimeters around the full perimeter of
the pyramid base and no rock is
protruding the foundations are level and
ready to receive the blocks as soon as
the project starts and infrastructure is
being put in place coring and shaping
the blocks can begin an enormous amount
of blocks would be completed by the time
the pyramid site is ready to accept them
when limestone is first quarried it is a
relatively soft rock which hardens when
exposed to the co2 in the atmosphere by
placing the blocks straight in to water
after their release from the quarry
phase the stone will stay softer and
more easily worked with copper tools by
shaping the blocks in the water
the water surface can be used as a
constant level by moving floats around
the blocks there could be easily turned
in the water and all six sides leveled
and shaped furthermore working in water
is also a more pleasant cool forestry
environment the outer casing blocks
would be quarried upstream at the quarry
ature a groove would be precisely carved
into the quarry floor and every block
would be placed into the groove during
shaping by using the water surface as a
level every block placed into the groove
would produce exactly the same angled
face which would line up perfectly when
place
the casing block angle can be checked by
using a simple water level
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whoring process can take place all
year-round
once shaped and blocks would have floats
attached and then left in a store area
on the quarry floor
ideally the floats would be made from
cedar wood the density of limestone is
around 2.5 ton per cubic meter when
placed in water each cube displaces one
ton of water so you only need 1.5 xx
buoyant material attached to float a
stone block cedar wood has a density of
around 500 kilograms per cube so around
three cube of cedar wood would be
required to float each cube of limestone
the amount of buoyant material required
could be massively reduced by either
hollowing out the wood or replacing the
wood with more buoyant material but then
as now Egypt was not blessed with large
forests and an abundance of timber so
the floats would be made from silk
papyrus matting wrapped around inflated
animal skins a virus grew in abundance
and the whole population knew how to
work it making everyday products from
shoes to curtains with it
papyrus buoyancy properties were well
known and had been used for millennia to
make simple rafts animal skins were
commonly used to store liquids such as
wine and water when empty and inflated
they make excellent floats by having the
floats pre attached to the blocks it
would float in the water not on it so
saving thousands of man-hours trying to
load the multi-ton blocks on top of
unstable rafts the blocks would require
far less buoyant material to float them
in the water due to the Archimedes
principle of displacement no blocks will
be lost to the river floor due to
capsizing as any block floating low can
just have more buoyancy attached if
floating a few tons of stone blocks
seems improbable to you then consider
right now we have oil tankers sailing on
the oceans weighing several thousand
tons
when it comes to size and weight
anything can float the majority of the
pyramid-building workforce would have
been farmers and only available during
the three-month flood season when their
fields were underwater and unworkable
when flood season begins the Nile would
rise and deep in the water in the quarry
floor thousands of blocks would float up
ready for transportation multiple blocks
could be roped together and using either
men in simple read boats or cattle on a
tow path we dragged up towards the giza
Harbor leading from the harbor all the
way up to the pyramid precinct is a
covered causeway the causeway is like a
water pipe and totally filled with water
from bottom to top the bottom of the
causeway has two gates built into it the
lower gate is level with the water in
the harbor while the upper gate is
around eight meters further up the
causeway at a much higher level a higher
gate is closed sealing off the pipe and
holding little water in above the lower
gate is then opened although the upper
gate stands at a higher plane than the
lower gate the water will stay in place
because it is not exposed to atmospheric
pressure
it will act like water in a glass pipe
pot when turned upside down in a water
filled sink with the water staying in
place even though it's above the sings
water level atmospheric air pressure is
the equivalent of a 25-foot high column
of water with the bottom gate open
blocks can be floated into the causeway
when the space between the two gates is
full of blocks the lower gate can be
closed and the apogee opened the blocks
will then float upwards towards the
water filled precinct due to the
pressure of water on the bottom gates an
extra pair of gates will be built around
halfway of the causeway to reduce his
pressure an endless rope could be thread
through the floor of the causeway and
the blocks attached to speed up the
floatation through the tube after
leveling the precinct the moat would be
semi refilled with water
the blocks would float up the causeway
and into the water-filled precinct
the first blocks to be placed arturro
angled casing stones they would be
floated around the precinct and lowered
into position a longer precise remarked
line when building a house the perimeter
brickwork is placed first to give the
building his precise shape and strength
with a roof sitting on the perimeter
brickwork and a majority of the internal
wall not being load-bearing be it a
house or a jigsaw by starting and
joining the perimeter pieces the uniform
shape is made the interior will be then
easily sorted out the same will apply
the pyramid building get the outer
blocks precisely placed and the
structure will have the right shape the
first few layers behind the facing
blocks would need to be precisely caught
and joined together to give the
structure inherent strength due to the
lower blocks not being raised above the
precinct height larger blocks can be
placed giving a strong foundation to the
building as each block layer is placed
his checked the level against the water
surface
adjustments would then be made to the
blocks when a layer has been completed
and level checked more water is added to
the precinct moat making the water
deeper so that the next layer can be
floated into position this process would
continue until the waters level with the
top of the precinct wall which was
around a metres high when the first few
layers have been positioned and a nearly
level with the precinct moon the blocks
will have to be raised above the
precinct water level by building a lift
shaft onto the side of the pyramid could
recreate a similar structure to the
causeway again build two separated gates
at the bottom of the shaft fill the
shaft with water and again close a
second gate to hold the water in the
shaft open the first gate and float in
numerous blocks and should the first
gate open the second gate and the clock
will float up to the summit of the
pyramid to keep water pressure down on
the lower gates every 15 metres or so
additional pairs of gates will be built
into the shaft here we see blogs
floating up the water lift shaft
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during the process of building the water
shaft the waste side of a facing block
would be used to create a perfect seal
as it already starts of the correct
angle here we see the process of
extending the water shaft as the build
is complete a layer of the pyramid the
final facing blocks are moved into place
and the temporary wall is extended above
either mud and masonry walls or a wooden
box will be built around in a both the
lift shaft to form a temporary structure
to seal in the water here we see an
example using the wooden masonry wall
once the top of the shaft is extended
with the mud bricks it is flooded with
water because the quantity of water it
contains is small compared to the shaft
it doesn't require the same level of
reinforcement then each of the blocks
needed to create the next level of float
at all and into place until the layer is
complete
the lift shaft system requires the shaft
behind less than a meter for each
pyramid level rise taking relatively
little material and time to build
compared to the heightening widening and
lengthening of the traditional ramp
theory for each level rise of the
pyramid the shaft wall could be anywhere
up to 3 meters thick circumventing any
issues regarding water pressure further
to this the shaft would be waterproof
there are many ways to achieve this
given the materials available the time
these include overlapping animal skins
timber bitumen bricks for the most
likely solution will be to line the
shaft with dried clay plaster which is
then covered with waterproofing animal
facts or bitumen as often used for their
neighbors the Sumerians after a layer is
completed and pulley is built around the
perimeter of the upper level it is made
watertight by lining the floor and walls
of the gulley with mud and let the
scorching Egyptian Sun bake the clay dry
once dried the gully can be filled with
water levels can again be taken an extra
would apply to the gulley floor to make
minor adjustments the lift shafts would
be extended join the gully blocks can
then be floated up the shaft and into
the gully and then be floated anywhere
around the pyramid the most difficult
part of pyramid building is raising the
multi-ton blocks hundreds of feet into
the air which the water shaft does
relatively easily once the blocks are up
to the high level they could just be
pulled on rollers or dragged on a wet
mud floor into position but as water
filled gullies would already be in place
to check the structure for levelness it
could be extended and used to float the
blocks directly into position due to the
enormous amount of blocks in the lower
levels a lift shaft would be built on
all four sides to speed up
raishin process the perimeter casing
blocks are floated into position first
and then a small wall is built on top to
form a gully this image shows how the
pyramid site would look during
correction a deep water gully would be
required the majority of the floats are
stucked on top of the blocks there could
then be positioned right next to each
other as pictured if however the float
significantly sail past the side of the
blocks a shallower gully system could be
used and positioned as in the picture
there is significant evidence that
spring water bubbled up into the pyramid
fed from the water the significantly
higher Lake Maris as a natural spring
and the lake lies directly underneath
the pyramid
a tunnel could have been built down to
improve water flow and as the pyramid
structure Rose internal tunnels were
extended to help the water flow to
higher levels as the pyramid got higher
water pressure would slowly reduce so
smaller extension channels are built
upwards on the King and queens chamber
to raise the water even higher to eke
out as much water as possible if this
was the case then the water could have
been gravity-fed through the interior
shafts in the Great Pyramid filling the
upper coolies and shafts only the
highest few levels would need the water
bucketing up if the spring waters were
not available then lines of people could
pass buckets of water of the structure
it is likely that these workers would be
shaded by reeds suspended above them to
protect them from the heat of the Sun
there are multiple ways for raising
water from the manual approach seen here
in the picture or using the sheddeth
method as seen here from 19th century
Egypt or they could even use oxen
pulling bucket Laden ropes as a
comparison a standard domestic outdoor
hose pipe can deliver around 15 liters a
minute compared to the 600 liters a
minute
using book is if a 10 liter bucket is
passed in one second then 100 litres
could be passed in 10 seconds 600 liters
a minute per line
at the higher levels of the pyramid
smaller blocks were used for
construction therefore the water shaft
would equally reduce in size using less
material the higher we go here we see
how the completed pyramid would look
without the centuries of wear that we
see today the white limestone of Terra
would shine in the sunlight here we see
the traditional view of pyramid building
with thousands of men cracking
staggering weights of an enormous ramp
which would take millions of tons of
material to construct once completed
this enormous ramp would need to be
demolished the material dispersed
compared to the easily demolished at
lift shafts which could be smashed from
above and act like a rubbish chute
evidence is beginning to surface that
lends itself to the theory of using
water shafts and moving the blocks to
the pyramids
the picture you see here is of a roofed
causeway that was discovered near sniff
Roos bent pyramid the walls are almost
three meters in height and 2.5 meters
wide
this type of causeway is just slide the
kind that Chris imagines with his theory
or how about this here we see the
well-preserved causeway at the Pyramid
of Units one over the walls built so
strong and thick and social large roof
slabs used just to create a walkway
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even National Geographic of posted a
story on the discovery a canal linking
the Aswin quarry for the Nile River
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another article in The Telegraph reports
the scientists have discovered the
secret that allowed angle wat a famous
1000 year old temple complex in Cambodia
to be constructed far faster than should
have been possible using canals could
this technique have been widespread in
the ancient world further evidence of
the use of water can be found in these
photos from John Cadman they show salt
in the structure as well as water
erosion in the lower chambers compelling
new evidence is now coming to light that
there was significant
large high pressure springs bubbling up
on the Giza plain at the time the
pyramids were built these high-pressure
Springs were fed by a huge underground
aquifer fed at the time and the faster
running deeper Nile we also have
supporting evidence to the flotation
theory in the discovery of connection
bosses as you can see in the image these
bosses have been found on various
pyramid blocks much like the modern-day
lifting looks because of their
orientation it is clear that they would
be used to suspend the blocks from above
as would be the case with flotation
other evidence that lends credence to
the flotation theory is the fact that
throughout the pyramid structure salt
and water-based impurity has been found
this points towards the notion that
there was a lot of water contained at
some point within the pyramid structure
finally it has been known for some time
for the Great Pyramid as very subtle
concave sides this is only visible with
the correct lighting conditions as seen
here could this be evidence of the water
shaft for a deeper look into the water
shaft theory and please read the book
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