[Music] [音乐]
boy squeaks it's been a great day hiking 男孩吱吱叫，这是徒步旅行的美好一天
in the woods but I think I'm ready to go 在树林里，但我想我已经准备好了
home now what are you looking at over 现在回家，你在看什么
there you're counting well there's stuff 那里你数得很好
that we can count back at the fort 我们可以追溯到堡垒
oh you're counting the rings of that 哦，你在数那个戒指
tree stump and you already at 64 well 树桩，你已经64岁了
you should keep going then you know 你应该继续前进然后你知道
trees seem like a pretty ordinary 树木看起来很普通
everyday thing we usually don't think 我们通常不认为的日常事情
about them much but they're really 关于他们很多，但他们真的
helpful they help clean our air they 帮助他们帮助清洁我们的空气
give us wood and paper to make tables 给我们木头和纸做桌子
and chairs and books and did you know 椅子和书，你知道吗
they're great storytellers you just have 他们是很棒的讲故事的人
to know how to listen 知道如何听
you're right squeeks trees can't talk 你是正确的尖叫，树木不能说话
but they can still tell us a lot without 但他们仍然可以告诉我们很多
using words when we study a tree we can 当我们学习一棵树时，我们可以用单词
learn all sorts of clues from it and by 从中学习各种线索
putting together all the clues we can 汇集所有线索
tell the story of its life see during a 讲述它的生活故事
trees growing season 树木生长季节
that's spring and summer the tree will 那是春天和夏天，树会
get taller and wider and add another 变得更高更高，然后添加另一个
layer of wood around its middle those 中间的木头层
layers are the Rings some trees live in 层是一些树木居住的环
warmer places where they can grow all 他们可以生长的温暖地方
year long so they don't have rings but 一年，所以他们没有戒指，但
this one sure does they're kind of like 这一定是他们有点像
a secret code we just have to know how 我们只需要知道一个秘密代码
to read them early in the growing season 在生长季节的早期阅读它们
the tree grows a lighter colored wood 那棵树种着浅色的木头
called early wood and then in the late 叫做早期的木材，然后在后期
summer it grows a darker wood called 夏天，它长出了深色的木头
late wood and I bet you can guess where 木材晚了，我敢打赌，你可以猜到哪里
those names came from one light ring 这些名字来自一个光环
plus one dark ring make up one here in 再加上一枚黑环组成一个
the trees life which means you can count 树木的生命，这意味着你可以数
how many years the tree was growing and 那棵树长了多少年，
you can see what those years were like 你可以看到那几年的样子
let's take a look at the rings on this 让我们来看看这个戒指
tree stump how many rings to do count 树桩要算几环
squeaks 78 if the tree was 78 years old 如果树已经78岁，就会发出吱吱声
when it was cut down it must have some 砍下来的时候一定要有一些
pretty exciting stories to tell and it 令人兴奋的故事可以讲
recorded all those years for us in its 为我们记录了所有这些年
rings 戒指
like a little book about its life the 就像一本关于它的生活的小书
rings in the middle here are the 中间的戒指是
earliest ones it looks like the first 最早的看起来像第一个
few years of this tree's life were 这棵树的生命的几年是
really great it has nice wide evenly 真的很棒，它的宽度均匀好
spaced rings which means the tree had 间隔的环意味着这棵树有
some healthy growing seasons and then 一些健康的生长季节，然后
I see some thin rings over here that 我在这里看到一些细环
means the tree was having a tough time 表示树过着艰难的时光
it didn't get everything it needed so it 它没有获得所需的一切，所以
didn't grow as much maybe it didn't have 没有增长那么多，也许没有
enough sunlight or maybe there was a 足够的阳光或者也许有
drought which means that this area 干旱意味着这个地区
didn't get enough rain or insects might 没有足够的雨水或昆虫可能
have eaten a lot of the tree's leaves 吃了很多树的叶子
that year which made it grow more slowly 那年让它增长得更慢
and then the Rings get wider on one side 然后指环的一侧变宽
so just when the tree was starting to 所以就在树开始
grow up something started pushing on it 长大了一些东西开始推动它
and it leaned to one side so a grew 它倾斜到一侧，所以长了
thicker on that side to help support 在那边厚一点以帮助支撑
itself and then there are a few thin 本身，然后有一些薄
rings right after that and then our tree 之后响起，然后我们的树
evened out and grew some nice thick even 平整，甚至长出一些不错的厚
rings maybe some other trees had been 戒指，也许还有其他树木
pushing it aside and crowding the 将其推开并拥挤
sunlight and then maybe they fell down 阳光，然后他们跌倒了
so our tree finally had all the sunlight 所以我们的树终于有了所有的阳光
it needed oh wow it looks like there 它需要哦，哇，看起来像那里
might have been a small fire after that 在那之后可能是小火
a whole side of the tree was scarred but 整棵树都伤了，但是
it kept growing new wood over the scar 它不断在疤痕上生长新的木头
every year this tree had some good years 每年这棵树都有一些美好的时光
and some really tough ones but it stuck 和一些非常困难的人，但是它卡住了
it out and it kept growing it lived a 它出来并持续增长，它生活了一个
long full life until it was chopped out 使用寿命长，直到被切碎
oh don't worry squeeks we don't have to 哦，不用担心尖叫声，我们不必
chop down a tree to count its rings and 砍倒一棵树，数一下它的年轮，
learn all about it 了解全部
scientists have a special tool for that 科学家有一个特殊的工具
it's called an increment borer which 这叫做增量钻
looks kind of like the letter T by 看起来有点像字母T
putting the long thin bit into the tree 将细细的长条放入树中
and turning the handles around and 然后转动手柄，
around a scientist can get the increment 周围的科学家可以得到增量
for all the way into the center of the 一直到
tree and pull out a thin strip of wood 树并拉出一条细木条
called a core that doesn't hurt the tree 被称为不会伤害树的核心
too much because these cores are tiny 太多，因为这些核心很小
they're less wide than my fingernail but 他们没有我的指甲宽，但是
they can tell us the story of that trees 他们可以告诉我们那棵树的故事
life just like a tree stump would we 生活就像一个树桩
just looked at the life of one tree now 现在只是看着一棵树的生命
imagine if you had lots and lots of 想像一下，如果你有很多
cores of trees from the same area and 来自同一地区和
looked at all of them together if the 一起看他们所有的人，如果
same two trees survived a fire or a very 同样的两棵树幸免于难
cold year we can find out by comparing 比较寒冷的一年，我们可以找出答案
their rings and with enough cores we can 他们的戒指和足够的核心，我们可以
even figure out exactly what year those 甚至弄清楚那是哪一年
things happened there are scientists 发生的事情有科学家
whose whole job is to study tree rings 他的全部工作是研究树木年轮
like these one thing they do is match up 就像他们做的一件事一样
different samples to each other to 彼此不同的样本
figure 数字
what happened in these trees lives we 这些树木发生了什么，我们生活了
can even compare histories from the 甚至可以比较来自
trees with records people have kept of 人们保留的记录树
the weather those records usually go 这些记录通常走的天气
back a hundred or a hundred and fifty 退一百五十
years but some trees are much older than 年，但有些树木比
that by hundreds or even thousands of 数百甚至数千
years the more samples scientists have 几年里科学家拥有更多的样本
the more they can learn both about how 他们越能了解有关如何
an area's weather has changed over time 一个地区的天气随着时间而改变
and about big events like droughts or 关于干旱或干旱等重大事件
insect infestations that's a much bigger 昆虫的侵害要大得多
story than the life of just one tree 故事不只是一棵树的生命
trees go through a lot of rough times 树木经历了很多艰难的时期
that make it hard for them to keep going 这使他们很难继续前进
but they keep growing and growing 但他们不断增长
all through the droughts and the insects 经历了干旱和昆虫
and the fires I think I'm going to try 我认为我会去尝试
and be more like a tree and you know 更像一棵树，你知道
what squeaks I thought I was ready to go 我以为我准备去什么尖叫声
home but I think I wanna spend some more 回家，但我想我想多花些钱
time with the trees thanks for joining 与树木在一起的时间感谢您的加入
us if you want to keep learning and 我们，如果你想继续学习，
having fun with squeeks and me hit the 玩橡皮泥，我击中了
subscribe button and we'll see you next 订阅按钮，我们下次见
time 时间
[Music] [音乐]