[Music]
[Applause]
[Music]
now we have czars talking about
lock-picking and maybe some of you can
try out yourselves thank you so
basically we you know we gave the intro
the day before yesterday and was just
concerned pin tumbler locks so these
ones that we covered two days ago that
are in most locks that you encounter in
in the day in door knobs in padlocks in
dead bolts and so on and so we went
through all this kind of like cutaway
view and stuff like that so just quickly
is there anyone here just show of hands
is there anyone here who wasn't here two
days ago that wants to see a quick
rundown of the pin tumbler locks so keep
your hands up if you would like to see
that okay cool
I'll run through this quickly because
these are like the locks that people
generally pick at these lock picking
workshops so if you cut off the face of
the pin tumbler lock you can see that
there's it's called a pin tumbler
because the those things that are
vertically in red and blue there are
pins spherical looking at mostly
spherical pins of metal and the tumbler
means that they move into place and
allow something to rotate so that the
doc a yellow part is called the plug and
that will rotate when the pins the gap
between those two pins lines up on the
edge of the plug so here's what happens
if you try to open it without a key
[Music]
wait some of these videos you have to
present some you don't but yeah so you
can see trying to turn this the blue pin
blocks the plug from turning right
leaves a cut cutaway here as well so you
can just play with this but if I try to
rotate the blue thing that's hard to do
it won't move right because the yellow
ones blocking it and then if Norbit
picks the lock so that it lines up then
this now rotates and the lock opens so
you guys can and the spring of course on
the top keeps everything pushed back
down so if you open it with a key the
key goes in and the keys cut so it
exactly raises it to the right position
and the lock rotates obviously in a real
lock you have more than one pin
otherwise would be super easy to pick it
open and so the pins stack behind each
other like this and when the key comes
in that's what all those different
depths of car on the key it lines
everything up and then the lock content
and when you pull it out again the
springs push everything back down so
that someone can't come right after you
opened it and try and open the key again
open the lock again
sometimes you'll notice when you're
using your real keys on a lock they'll
start to get sticky and they'll end the
key and the lock won't work that will
that's usually because your key is worn
down a little bit and even just one
what's called bidding
the the bidding refers to the depth of
cut at each position along the key and
they come in standard amounts so I think
for memory one bidding and a Schlage key
is something like 15,000th of an inch
which is like I don't know 500
centimeters or something like that I'm
joking I just talk I'm talking about how
crazy Americans things of it Oh point
zero 1/5 of an inch that's 2.54
centimeters to an inch well twenty five
point four millimeters to an inch so you
guys can do the conversion but it's a
small amount but it's a standard amount
so you your your pin stacks your pin
biddings actually have a code a number
code to them so if you know the code of
a key you can go to a locksmith and say
I like this key cut to code and it'll be
basically one number per bidding of one
number per pin stack of the cover lock
and that number refers to how deep the
key is cut similarly if you have one
bidding too high at that pin now the
bottom pin is blocking the lock from
turning and the he also does not work in
a perfect world everything would be
exactly aligned vertically on those
holes where the pins are fitting into
and if you tried to turn the lock it
should be an animation here if you try
to turn the lock while it was closed all
those pins would stick at the same time
right so you're sticking something in
that's not a key trying to turn it all
those pins stick and you wouldn't get
any information from turning the key
turning the lock without the key but in
the real world things aren't so clean
and neat and they you know these plugs
are just a brass thing that's not that
they've a machine has drilled holes into
and the machine doesn't have everything
aligned 100% perfectly similarly the
pins can be damaged they're just little
slugs of brass brass is a soft metal so
it gets easily scratched and damaged and
so when you turn a lock without the key
usually just one or maybe one or two
pins sticks and binds so if you apply
tension to a lock trying to turn it and
then find that key that's sticking and
move it up and down you can actually set
it so
[Music]
when this
so if we've put some tension on the lock
it's kind of sticking we're forcing it
up and then let's plug turns a little
bit and at that point the spring can't
push that top pin back down again so
watching it again comes up plug turns a
little bit and now that that pin is set
in place and the bottom pin called the
key pins that's the one that touches the
key it can still move it becomes loose
and so thinking it'll just drop back
down with gravity and so now if you've
done that to one pin you can do it to
multiple pins and you can pick the lock
one pin at a time so the the l-shaped
thing that's going in there now is
called the tension wrench or the torque
wrench and that's what's being used to
turn the plug to make the kid make the
the pins bind and now the pic that's
being inserted in there is called a hook
pick and the lock picker is feeling
those pins one by one to find the one
that's sticking and as soon as that
sticks and the plug turns a little bit
now a different pin binds and the lock
picker finds that one as well and one by
one going through them until all the
pins are set and the lock will open so
the lock picker can contest a previously
set pin you can feel that that bottom
pin is just floppy there's no spring
resistance on it anymore
and it's the last one boom and the lock
opens so that's the sort of one by one
pin pin tumbler lock picking method you
do have to be careful here because
there's enough space in those spring
area up the top and who's who's got the
laser cut model hold that up yeah hold
that up for people and show that you can
push both those pins all the way up into
the spring area right and then there's
no way the lock is going to open because
you're blocking it with the bottom pin
so that's called over lifting you can
see it in the animation there and it
will stick because you're putting
tension on the lock you're trying to
turn the lock at the top the bottom pin
will stick and then there's no way the
lock is gonna open so if you get into
that situation that's very common when
you're picking you just release the
tension a little bit on the on the plug
and you'll hear click the click click
the the set pins pop back down again and
then you start again
so that pick that you saw there is a
common hook pick we also have pins
called rakes and a rake is a wiggly pick
that lets you sort of go back and forth
and flip the pins up and down at
different amounts is the animation here
and the idea here basically is just the
wiggle all the pins crazily almost at
random until they all line up and set
like that so some locks are very
vulnerable to raking padlocks like like
without security pins just your basic
bad master padlocks and stuff like that
they respond very well to raking you can
usually up them open them really quickly
the half diamond is the tool in the
middle here between the hook and the
rake and that's a very useful pick
because you can do a lot of things with
it you can lift individual pins just
like you would with a hook you can slide
it in backwards and forwards and do
raking and shoveling you know so you
don't the drawback using a single half
diamond as a rake is that you don't move
the pins next to the main one sometimes
it's good to sort of like be trying to
line them all up at once but you can do
it sometimes works
and then you can flip it over and use
the flat side to count how many pins
because it's you know before you start
picking you might want to know how many
pins you're dealing with so you put it
in lift everything up and then pull the
[Music]
pull the half diamond out a pin at a
time and you'll hear them snap down one
by one and you'd be able to count the
pins so as we can see from this diagram
again we're using two tools the picking
we're turning the lock with the tension
tool and we're picking with the pick so
a big part of the technique in the skill
is putting the right amount of pressure
on the tuning tool so in general it's
recommended not to use the your thumb
and pull it instead put your fingers
over the lock and push the tool because
your fingers typically have more
sensitivity and more dexterity than your
thumb and even better push all the way
out at the tip because that way you have
very very fine control over the amount
of tension that you put on the tool you
can you know when you're starting out
it's hard to know how much pressure is a
is a good amount of pressure so I a rule
of thumb no pun intended is to sort of
just look at the color of your fingertip
when you're pushing the tension tool so
this is good tool pressure your finger
still mostly has blood flow in it
if it's turning white you're pushing too
hard
typically you know with most of the
beginner lock lockpick sets you'll turn
by the edge of the plug so you'll put
the tension tool in whether the keyway
is fattest and when you're not blocking
your pick access to the pins so you're
tuning sort of the edge there and your
turning tools will look like something
like this sometimes you have double
ended ones that stick more or less into
the keyway depending on how you feel and
all all this is about how much space you
have to work you know because this thing
it's applying that's the tension that
you want but it's also taking up space
it's getting in the way so if you have
it down there at the bottom of the
keyway you've got about this
space to get your pick in and attack the
pins that's usually okay one thing to
watch out for is to jam it against the
bottom of the of the key way against the
plug it's not what you want it's you
know at the most rotationally
advantageous place down there at the
bottom so you're already
if the specially if it's an old lock and
things a bit wobbly you can kind of have
things bind up and get jammed so just be
careful not to put too much friction
there you can also get these flat
turning tools which allow you to turn
from the center of the plug so now
that's the sort of the most mechanically
advantageous place to turn and spin the
plug but that also blocks the front of
the keyway now you've got to get your
pinky and underneath and reach around
that tension tool to pick the pins and
then which way should you turn it
depends on the lock so these standard
crappy padlocks usually go clockwise
these doorknobs often go
counterclockwise unless they're Schlage
and if it's a dead bolt it can go either
way depending on which side of the door
it's mounted on because zola's can open
on either side and usually the
mechanical action of telling the keyer
attracts the dead bolt so it's installed
which you have a side that you want to
go so that's the sort of like quick
intro to the pin tumbler stuff that we
did the other day the most important
things number one relax if you're really
tense and you're grabbing everything
tight it's harder to sort of feel the
fine imperfections in the lock and
what's going on in there it's a it's a
very sort of as an activity so you want
to relax and secondly when you get one
open let everyone know about it
call out open so that's sort of like
what we covered two days ago very
beginning and then we said everyone come
grab some pics pick some locks
but and that's you know that's that's
the standard sort of intro lock-picking
stuff but we had a lot of questions over
the past couple of days about all the
kinds of locks especially we have some
other kinds of locks that people were
picking them up and they're like oh how
come this isn't looking the way you said
because it's different kinds of blocks
so another very common type of lock is a
wafer lock and you encountered these all
the time they're mostly used in like
cabinets and stuff like that I think
I've got some slides here but looking
inside the wafer walk you got for anyone
who doesn't know a wafer is it just
means like a thin thing of something
like if you the the metal AB over from
from Vienna has some edible wafers over
there desk in the in the area over there
delicious but in this case it refers to
the fact that instead of pins instead of
these spherical pieces of metal we've
got flat pieces of metal that are having
to be lifted up to get into the right
place so here's what it looks like from
the outside the yellow again is the plug
and the red in this case is the wafer
and if we take off that front of the
plug and looking further we see what a
wafer looks like so it's this kind of
oval shaped piece of metal with two
little tabs at either end and then the
center is square and that's to allow the
key to pass through it and so here's
what happens when you put your key in
and it rises it to the right height so
in this animation it's starting off
locked
kontin because the bottom if you look
too high it's also locked but if it's
just right it can turn and so that's
what the what the key is the key at that
position has a height just right to get
that wafer in the right place so you'll
encounter wafer locks on filing cabinets
electrical panels and all kinds of
things like that there this obviously
super cheap to make because it sold us
the stamp to cut out pieces of metal
cheaper than even the little cylindrical
pins you also encounter wafer locks a
lot on like
car doors but they're better quality
wafer locks so that's a that's the way
for lock thing you can we have some
wafer lock picks here although we don't
really know how to use them that well
but you can play around with them and
let's see how you go
next up combination locks and so this is
I don't know if the person is here but
someone was asking me how the cracker
howdy they brought along their own
combination lock no like I forgot the
combination for this how do we open it
so it was like cool we got a got a
project so this is this is not exactly
the one that he had but this is one the
most common one the master combination
lock they're everywhere especially like
when you're in high school in the United
States you have a gym locker and
everyone gets one of these combination
locks because you know kids lose keys
but at least they can write the
combination down somewhere and they're
not going to forget how to get into the
locker but these are not good locks so
if you're putting this lock on your on
your locker what you're really saying is
just like please don't open this locker
because it's not gonna stop anyone who
knows what they're doing and that's
because these locks are extremely
incredibly vulnerable to a shimming
attack so these are what's called
padlock shims we have some of these too
in fact that's how we open this guy's
lock earlier an hour or so ago and they
are very thin but strong pieces of metal
that you slide down the side of the lock
hasp well the shackle and it just
disengages the latch and it opens right
up
so it slides down there and what you can
see in that there is you can see that
that shackle only has a little kind of
piece cut out of it where the catch
impacts and so you're just sliding down
in there and you're pushing that catch
out of the way and popping out the
padlock shackle it's super easy once you
get good at it you know it takes you
like 10 or 20 seconds maybe for the lock
we did earlier it took
took me a little longer because I was
used to master locks with a where the
catch is on the left-hand side but his
lock it was on the right-hand side so I
tried a little bit wasn't working switch
it over and open you can make padlock
schemes yourself they won't eat you can
buy nice ones made out of like high
quality steel and they'll last a few
times but if you only want to use it
once you can make out it out of the side
of an aluminium drink can so what you do
is you cut out a piece of your can and
yeah once you once you're finished with
the beer don't don't do it before the
beer is out of the can but then you you
cut off a piece like this and you mark
it in a grid and that shows you where to
cut you cut it out into this kind of an
M shape and then fold the top over and
then fold the sides back over the over
the edges like this and so you have
something looks like that and so now
that top is like kind of strong and easy
to hold onto
even though sooner or later everyone
cuts themselves with padlock shims
they're pretty sharp so you just have to
accept that you're gonna hurt yourself
at some point and then you wrap it
around a ballpoint pen to get the shape
and there you go
so here's just a short couple of slides
of opening one with the beer can and
sometimes you need to move the dial a
little bit as you can see here because
the dials sometimes blocks the release
mechanism but eventually boom it's open
and whoever made these slides because
once oh I forgot at the right start to
thank tool again the open organization
of lock Pickers for giving me their
slides and so whoever made these slides
and locked himself out of his trailer
and opened the can of Guinness made a
shim open the padlock some padlocks have
a dual latch so you got a latch on both
sides if it's a normal spring latch you
can shim both sides and you can open it
but more expensive padlocks have this
double bowl mechanism that makes it shim
proof so it's a little tricky to see
what's going on here
but what you can see is that the shackle
has two cavities on either one on either
side that the bought those ball bearings
slot into in the middle there in between
the two ball bearings is a rotor and the
rotor also has two pieces cut out of it
so when it's locked it's in the position
where it is here those balls cannot move
inwards and they're blocking the shackle
on both sides so even if you're using a
shim to try and push them they're not
going to move they're being blocked by a
solid metal thing but when that thing in
the middle rotates when the key is used
then the balls can move inwards and the
shackle can come out so here's some sort
of what what the sort of catch on the
shackle side looks like with different
types of locks so you got that sort of
these sort of square and diagonal
cutouts on the left for a normal shackle
and on the right that curved one to
accept a double ball bearing release and
so a nice expensive padlock like this
shows the mechanism right there and that
you will not be able to shim you have to
pick that padlock I'm not sure I don't
know if we have double bowl cutaways but
we have some real cutaway padlocks here
that have been carefully milled and you
can see all the pin mechanisms and you
can see how the release mechanism works
too and whether or not you're gonna be
out of shim that padlock you'd be able
to see from the cutaway yeah so people I
don't know lock up lock up their
expensive things with these padlocks not
knowing that that's gonna that bike is
safe for like 10 to 20 seconds from
someone who knows what they're doing
you can also decode the combination
there's like I can't remember like
64,000 possible combinations but there's
tricks so you don't have to go through
all of them so I'll just sort of quickly
run through that method it's a little
bit involved but doesn't take too long
it'll take you like 15 minutes if you
have a lock that you have to do this to
so first of all you pull on the shackle
because when you're putting pressure on
the shackle
and you turn the combination dial it'll
sort of lock into place at certain
certain points along the along the dial
this definitely works for these for
these master locks but for different
ones there are slightly different
techniques so this was just the one for
the most common type of combination
padlock but go to go online if you have
a different one and just see what the
method is they pretty much all have
decoding problems so what you do is put
that pressure on stop turning the dial
and find where the dial sort of clicks
into place and the dial will click into
place it's slightly different points
depending on whether you're a track at
approaching that point from the left or
from the right so go at it from both
sides and then find the number that's in
the middle of those two locking points
and write that down so if you're a real
pro like write down both sticking points
and the one in the middle but you can
just write the one in the middle which
is the average of those two numbers and
what you're going to end up with with
this type of lock is twelve sticking
point numbers and especially this is
important if it's at a half point you
know so if you if it sticks one way at
like that's six and from the other side
at five and five and a half is your
number that's important to put those
half numbers in and so what we're gonna
find next the the the exploit that we're
doing here on this lock is finding the
third number of the combination and
we're looking for the odd one out or in
English we use the term black sheep it's
that it's the one that doesn't belong so
for example why and and well looking at
these numbers again so the were looking
for that doesn't belong and the thing
that doesn't belong about it is we're
looking for one that's a whole number
and that so not a fraction and it
doesn't have the same last digit as the
others so we look our numbers here we
can see we've got eight
actions and for that and in a five so
there is no odd one out in that list
that means we got one wrong so we're
gonna go back take a look is this one
really right you know double check here
actually this one should be a twenty
three so now we're in a good place here
so now we've got our list of numbers
cross out our fractions and ones that
have the same last digit and the one
that's not a fraction and has the unique
last digit that's 23 so now we know that
a third number is 23 and the last digit
is which we call the magic number is a
three so now you can do with the
spreadsheet or something like that again
like I said this is not like something
that takes twenty seconds like a shim it
takes fifteen minutes or so but we can
see in this spreadsheet the third number
in the combo is 23 we need to find the
first in the second we know our magic
number is three now we make a list of
numbers starting from one of them
starting from the magic number
the other ones starting from one and we
find every four from there we add four
to all those numbers we make a list of
every possible one that's four from the
magic number four from one and then
those all of those ones underneath
that's our list of possible combinations
and then we have to go through there's
about 80 possible combinations it's a
lot better than running through 64
thousand and in 15 minutes you can you
know your expected number you'll have to
try is in the middle so you'll expect to
have to try 40 combinations you have to
sit step to sit there and do it but it's
better than going through 64 thousand
combinations there's also these types of
combination locks sometimes you can do
these in a similar way sometimes you can
press put pressure on the shackle and
rotate the dials and find the one that's
sticking and usually you know if it's a
really bad multi dial combo tea wheel
combination lock you can just find the
one that sticks and lock it and then do
the two one you know each one in order
and eventually open it otherwise there
are also tools that are available that
let you reach in to the small crack
between the wheel and the body and you
can feel
the gaps in there and find find the
places where it's should line up on the
combination I think one of those tools
is called a sesame decoder all right
next this is something that's like very
relevant to the people doing our
workshop here because we have a bunch of
these locks locks that are more or less
designed to be pick resistant right
because obviously once people worked out
you could pick locks then there was an
incentive to design locks that were
hotter to pick ideally impossible but
there are a few of those on the market
one of the first ways to make it hard
for people to pick locks is to just
change the key way so if the key way is
very straight very wide it's easy to get
picks in there that's that's that's easy
so more difficult key way keeps the key
way straight but narrows it so it's not
as much room to get your picks in or you
can then you know make the key way even
thenot thinner and curvier or put lots
and lots of crazy angles in them that's
tiny yet pretty difficult to get a pick
in there and then something like this
high security key way which has what's
called wards swords is a terminal in
locks that means something that blocks
something so I don't have slides on it
but very simple old keys if you look
like back hundreds of years ago then
what's called warded keys so they those
keys that are just a flat thing with
just pieces cut out of them those pieces
lined up with wards inside the lock that
would stop a flat piece of metal without
the cutouts from turning but when you
have the right cutouts you can put it in
and turn it that's what led to the term
of skeleton key because you could just
make a thin bar of metal with one piece
right on the end and it would just
bypass all the wards and just open the
lock so it's like it that's cool that's
what a skeleton key is same thing here
these these horizontal pieces of metal
there are blocking something from coming
in and moving up and down so if you if
you find a lock like this it's pretty
hard to get a pic into you can also get
these pick resistant pins so this is
something we have a bunch of examples
here for you to play with Norbit knows
which ones which locks have them in them
but they're designed to make that whole
picking process of finding the binding
spot
and lifting the pin and land setting it
to make that difficult to make it
basically the pin wants to set in the
wrong place so this is a very common
type of pick resistant pin it's called a
spool pin it's called that because it's
the same shape as the spool that you
would whine thread on for example and so
if you try to put tension on a lock like
this you can see that it binds
immediately as soon as you turn it it's
gonna jam up and you can't move that pin
up and down with your pick anymore say I
think this is an animation yeah so when
you when you try and push that up it's
already outside the place that needs to
go and you can't move it up but that
doesn't mean we can't pick locks with
spool pins in them we just have to get a
little bit bit better at lock picking so
the usual way to do it is to sort of
notice where the plug is before you put
tension on it and you put your tension
on it and move the pin up and then back
it off a little bit on your tension to
push it up above the shear line and then
it'll set it in the right place
obviously that's pretty easy to show
with one pin if you've got a bunch of
pins in a stack and only one or two of
them of spool pins you've got to kind of
figure out which ones they are
it's not easy that's the whole point but
it's totally doable a similar type of
pin to a spool pin as a mushroom pin
works basically the same way
[Music]
it binds at the same point actually
maybe you know a bit knows I don't
really know what makes a mushroom pin
better than a spool pin I feel like it's
harder to manufacture but yeah I mean
it's just that it's it's just different
I guess one type of pin that's really
difficult and we have some examples of
that here too is a serrated pin I don't
have an animation for it but basically
you know there's just lots of little
ridges on the side of the pins so it'll
bind no matter where it is vertically
when you turn it and after you put
tension on a lock you can't move that
pin up anymore because it binds all the
way along its length AXA which is now
part of a supply makes a lot of high
security locks so they have this special
one called a sneaky pin which has this
little ridge in the centre of it you
know if we have it yeah so that binds
halfway down the pin so if you're like
thinking all this is a spool pin I'm
gonna pick this alright you know you're
gonna notice that bit there and be like
alright I think that's the end
edge of the spool I'm gonna move it up a
little bit more and bind it but actually
you're just moving it up to the next
level in the spool and you still won't
be in the right place here's the double
mushroom again I don't know why the
double mushroom is better than a spool
other than it just feels different so
someone's used to picking spool locks
then maybe they'll have trouble with the
double mushroom and in general these
kinds of things really ramp up the
difficulty of picking the lock so a
high-security padlock like this much
much more difficult to pick than your
standard
cheap padlock doesn't mean you can't
pick them but it's gonna take a lot more
time and effort to do it
this is something that a bunch of people
asked me about on the first day which
was I was excited to to tell them about
but we only did the short presentation
on the first day but this is a kind of
attack called a bump attack and this is
a way to kind of pick all of the pins of
a lock at once you need a special key to
do it let's call it Kota bump key and a
little bit of skill but a lot of locks a
vulnerable to this and if you get it
right they will open instantly so this
makes use of physics at the same way
that in the game of pool or in that one
of those Newton's Cradle toys you have
all the balls hanging down and you drop
on from the side all the ones in the
middle don't move but the one at the end
shoots out right you guys all see in a
Newton's Cradle billiards is the same
way so we shoot in the ball from one
side and the three doesn't move at all
but the two shoots off in that image and
this has been something that's been
known about for a long time and you
actually see it sometimes in the movies
not that you should get your
lock-picking information from movies
because normally they don't know
about lock-picking but sometimes you see
in like spy movies and stuff these guys
will have this gun type thing and
they'll stick it in the lock in double
yardage and it'll open
that's called a pick gun looks like this
it's also called a snapping gun and what
that does the one on the top well they
have these interchangeable snappers
there you can see these interchangeable
things but the one on the top is when
it's in fixed you know if you've loaded
into the gun and what that thing does is
whack all the pins and as you whack it
you put some tension on the lock after
each whack and it's sort of an automatic
thing and it'll open when it slaps all
the pins up and also I'll show an
animation of what's happening here
[Music]
hopefully yeah there we go
so that little piece there is whacking
all the bottom pins and that sharp Foss
impulse is being transferred through the
pins for the top pins and they are all
jumping up at once over the shear line
so you can imagine what happens if you
turn that lock at just the right moment
when all those top pins are up above the
shear it's going to open there's there's
a close-up of what's going on you're
giving out short sharp whack and up all
those pins go so a bump key does
basically the same thing so what you do
is you get a key that's made for that
lock so it fits that key way you can put
it in get a blank key cut all the
biddings down to zero so what you end up
with is the key like this it's got these
little shocks teeth ridges in between
all the pins and so this is one where
you're putting the key almost all the
way in and then jamming it forward fast
and those ridges in between your deep
cuts on the key are pushing up sharply
those bottom pins and that's whacking
the top ones above the line they this is
called the pull method I don't know why
because it's still pushing them but it's
it requires you to put the key in
exactly this right amount that's one key
position to short more commonly is this
method where you take a take your bump
key and you shave off what's called the
shoulder of the key so the shoulder of
the key is what's closest to your hand
where you're turning the key shave off a
little bit of that so that there's room
that when you put the key in the normal
depth there's still a little bit of room
for it to move in and then you get a
little hammer and you whack the end of
it and a fraction of a second later you
turn the turn the plug and the lock will
open so think
an animation yeah so if you see someone
doing bumping unfortunately don't have
any bump keys here but they'll have a
little metal hammer usually on a
flexible shaft and they'll whack tune
and that's all the skill in bumping is
just getting that timing right whack and
in tune it's like a fraction of a second
of pot so they've been the lock and it
works on lots and lots of lots of locks
so you can buy sets of bump keys and
you'll get like a big key ring full of
zero cut keys for all these different
kinds of locks oh you can go to your
local locksmith and you can ask for a
key blank and then you can go home and
cut them all down to zero and shave a
little bit off the shoulder and make
your own bump keys you can definitely
damage locks by bumping them so here's
an example of one where the door frame
is cracked so just like just like we
said on the first day don't do this to
other people's locks and don't do it to
locks that you care about because you
can break them
there are various bump counter measures
when this when this technique was
developed it was kind of weird because
it really been known for a long time
because pick guns have been around for a
long time but suddenly bump Keys bikini
in vogue at a certain point and then all
these locks even relatively high
security locks were vulnerable to
bumping and so the lock manufacturers
had to do something about it so there
are various countermeasures this is one
so you can see here on that last pin
it's got a shoulder so it doesn't come
down all the way there's a gap between
it in the bottom pane and that means
that you don't have that Newton's Cradle
physics working for you anymore when you
try to use your bump key the bottom pins
gonna fly up but it's not gonna have
enough force when it gets there to push
the top pin up you can also get these
anti bump driver pins so these pins are
much lighter than the regular top pins
when you do a bump it's not gonna have
enough momentum to overcome the spring
enough to get get up above where it
needs to get so they look like this
and I guess they cost like nine dollars
if if you've got if you get the deal uh
price from if you register yourself as a
locksmith I guess this is probably
pretty American centric so I'm gonna
skip through it's been on locksmiths but
it's all about like what you need to do
to register as a locksmith you can get
you guys can figure out whether your
local regulations are but once you if
you register as a locksmith you have
access to a lot more stuff because there
are a lot of places that won't sell you
things unless they think you're a legit
type of person the thing is with any of
these picking methods with the exception
I don't have slides unfortunately but
one exception is tubular lock picks
which are a lot of fun so you remember a
lot of vending machines have these
tubular locks they're basically pin
tumbler locks but the pins are arranged
in a circle from your point of view and
you your key oh alright knowbut has some
has some tubular picks nice so the cool
thing about tubular picks is that they
are they when you use them at the end
when it finally picks the lock the
tubular pick is in a state that you can
pull it out and you can put it back in
the lock and turn the lock any time it
sort of saves the state of the lock
because it's basically an impression a
method regular lock picking you pick the
lock you open it but if you close it
again you've got to pick it all over
again you know nothing saves the state
impression is a way to use a lock to
generate a key that opens that lock so
the tubular picks basically do that but
you can do this with regular locks too
regular pin tumbler locks so you start
off with a key blank so that's what a
key blank looks like before you cut the
bidding into it and then you yourself
cut it in slowly as you do the process
so what you're left with at the end is a
working key for that lock so here's how
it works you stick your blank key in
you're raising all the stacks so if this
was picking would say we'd over lifted
all of those bottom all of those stacks
so the bottom
of locking the lock and then you turn
the key hard to make one of those pins
bind and then you jiggle the key around
and wiggle it and that causes that pin
to rub on the key so binding and
wiggling and then you pull your blank
out and you look for scratch marks on
your key blank so they've got some here
and there and then you file it a little
bit down at the places where it rubs and
then you repeat the process so in this
one pin stack four is still binding pins
Act two is still binding when you wiggle
so you're gonna cut it down some more
you guys get the idea once you get to
the right place
here pin stack four is not binding
anymore when you turn it but it's not
sticking it's just turning and it's not
gonna make a mark and new marks will
appear at other places to show you where
some other pins stack is binding and so
you know we don't file down there we
fall down here and we keep going it's
something that's very delicate you need
a feel for how much pressure to put on
the thing and then also take some time
this one actually has a amok I don't
know if you can see it on the slides
anyone anyone see the mark on this key
let me see if I can see it
yeah so pin stack number two boom
so these guys who do it you know you can
do it like at a location obviously but
on the on the bench as one of these
competitions I'll have a magnifying
glass and a light looking for those
marks filing by hand and with the key
held in a nice little attachment there
that lets you give you give you a little
leverage to put more put more pressure
on the key and eventually it'll open up
and what you have at the end is a key
that works for that lock so this happens
in competition so here's see if the
video will play no totally totally works
for me
ah there we go it's working
so we have sound
No okay let's go
well the HDMI should have sounds
now just this but anyway it's sort of
more obvious what's happening when you
got found because you can hear him
filing but he's like every time wiggling
wiggling the key looking for the mark
just a couple of files each time you
only to want to take off a few
thousandths of an inch or a few
fractions of a millimeter off the key at
that point and this guy is obviously
really good at it because it only takes
me about a minute to impression this
there we go
opens it up and once once you're done
you have a key that always works so
congratulations for that dude another
thing that you'll encounter with real
locks is master keying so master keying
is the way that you can give different
people access to a lock with a different
sort of privilege levels so it's named
after if you've got a master key if you
want your building if you want like the
superintendent or someone like that to
have access to every door in the
building they've got a master key that
opens all the locks but other people
have just keys that open one lock so you
know in an apartment building
you only want people to be able to open
their own apartment but you want one guy
to be able to open all the apartments if
he's you know the cleaners or whatever
so how that works is you have a
different type of pin in the stack it's
called a master pin and they're usually
very short and skinny compared to the
other pins but if you so if you buy a
lock pinning kit it'll come with all the
pins that you need to create mastered
key systems and you'll get top pins that
are all the same height bottom pins that
vary so that you can set the key
biddings for individual keys and then
these master pins and so a master pian
obviously just creates a dual shear line
so and in that second pin there it'll
open at one bidding and then another one
that's one or two buildings above that
it'll open
two places so you can have some
variability of the keys master King
makes lock-picking easier because now
there are multiple shear lines right so
if we were picking you only have to pick
the in the mastered stacks you can pick
it either of those lines it also
introduces a security vulnerability
depending on how you do your mastering
because you can if you have access to a
real key you know you're legit key that
opens your door you can measure off all
of your all of your biddings and you can
figure out where it's possible to have a
mastering and what the possible master
values are and then you can start making
keys and trying them out and it actually
doesn't take that many before you figure
out how to get to the mastered ones so
here's an example our original key cut
depth is at 1/8 to open the lock so if
we think that there's a master in that
master pin in that stack we can get a
blank key we can cut it almost like our
key except for the number to leave that
uncut we try it the lock doesn't open
file it down a little bit still doesn't
open file it down a little more
still doesn't open finally it opens and
we now know the height of that master
pin because we knew what our original
one was we're originally four eight four
to six now we know that four six four to
six works so we know there's a to master
pin in that and you can repeat that for
each pin stack that you think there's a
master pin in and you can reverse
engineer the mastering of the lock that
was a paper by map map blaze in 2003
here's another thing that's hopefully
useful to people at the level we're at
now which is just like what what are the
what are the different picks and what do
they do because there's a lot of lock
picks that you can buy and there's a lot
of places you can buy them from as you
know all these ones here I South Floyd
is the good one for people in the US I
don't know which one
these ship internationally someone told
me yesterday that sparrows I can't see
if they're on this slide or not I think
they are will ship free shipping
internationally
apparently so that might be a good place
to look South Lord has really good comb
padlock pics I just bought some of those
a couple of weeks ago sorry DX
dealextreme I never bought any from
there but I'm not surprised if they have
them I've bought stuff from there what
lasers from there but I never bought
light fixture in there yeah there's like
just lots of place on the internet that
have them of varying quality if you're
just starting out you might not care
Norbert has a set that he got it's like
a big set that he got from China for ten
dollars alright a ten year oh he can
show you it it's it's not great but you
know good good place to get started so
here's an example of a kit you can see
it's full of all kinds of different
picks and tools the first thing that
serve differentiates therein types of
picks is what metal they're made out of
so spring steel is a classic material
it's very resilient stainless it's nice
too because it doesn't rust and then you
know you can get really expensive
titanium picks and stuff like that and
probably other things too thickness is
something to care about different
suppliers have different thicknesses and
that's one of the drawbacks of norbit's
10 euro chinese pick set it picks a very
thick obviously a thinner one can get
into more key ways at a certain point
thin ones become you know more flexible
and sort of hard to deal with so
different manufacturers go with
different amounts and this is like you
know I apologize again all in inches but
the sort of I guess the facto standard
tool uses it and also South Lord and so
on is this point o2 20,000th of an inch
so whatever that works out to be in
millimeters okay half a millimeter I'm
taking that as
I'm accepting that without checking it
my head then there's this you'll see
manufacturers advertise standard vs euro
picks which on the top is standard in
the bottom is euro and it's basically
just the sort of thickness and the angle
of the shaft of the pick there so I
don't know I'm not a good enough luck
ticket to care personally here's all the
different sort of types of picks and
what the categories and names are so
these ones we saw in the very first pin
tumbler demo like animation these are
hooks which are for lifting individual
pins and you can see all these different
sizes and angles and they obviously the
the vertical length is short medium long
and gonzo and then whether the top of
the hook is flat around it's a short
hook flash or hook round school says you
know you usually see the short hook flat
shot her ground is useful
the Gonza the what was on the gonzo is
awesome they say I don't have any gun so
I don't know if they're awesome or not
and then they hate the long hook so you
know the yet this is what the experts
say I'm not I'm not good enough to know
although I'll say that a shorter medium
hook for me not being a super highly
skilled pick picker they they seem to
work the most for me personally then
we've got these curves and hybrids that
are you know also sort of reaching into
a long or weird key way we got our half
diamonds or various diamonds so again
distinguished by sides by size and the
angle of the diamond and then also that
we had double one at the bottom so a
small medium and large and then Diamond
Head I like a medium diamond so I'm in
agreement with tool here but the the
double sided diamond
seems to be totally pointless because
you don't not using the other side it
means you can't flip it over and do pin
stack counting so I don't know what the
point of that is you can also get these
offset tools so offset diamond offset
ball offset snake I've never used any of
those so I don't know what that good for
they these tool doesn't seem to be super
enthusiastic about them either and then
you can instead of diamonds you can get
balls so single ball snowman half
snowman and half ball so I rarely see
any of these except the Snowman so I've
got snowman picks in a couple of my kits
but I also basically never use them so I
don't really know what they're good for
Norbert do you use ball picks okay so
norbert says you can rake with them if
the pins are not and not super easy to
push
speaking of rakes these are the raking
tools and this is where things get
really crazy because there's just all
kinds of rakes so you got your classic
snake a case see rake and then these
like different like fractional snakes
double snake stretch snake and this
Batarang tool s rake down the bottom
which you just got to watch out for that
bottom one because you can see there's
like the metal gets pretty thin and you
can break them off in the lock and we
actually had that happen either
yesterday or the day before and that's
annoying because not only have you
broken your pick but also you've got a
piece of a pick stuck in the lock and it
can be hard to get out you might have to
completely disassemble the lock to to
get that piece of metal out I really
like these guys so it's the difference
between like raking and lifting or lift
raking so with a raking tool
moving in and out of the lock maybe
changing the angle up a little bit as
you do it with these tools you can rake
back and forth and you can also sort of
jiggle it up and down and back and
forwards so these guys are called jagged
lifters and they come also totally
different lots of different varieties I
usually use a long rake I have a lot of
success with those they work well on you
know padlocks with large numbers of pins
and stuff like that like there's a I
picked a bunch of padlocks last year
that I couldn't get with any other picks
but I was I could only open them with an
L rake for whatever reason maybe because
I'm not that great of a lock picker but
and there was the one that worked for me
anyway and then these guys I've also
never used them but they call it a king
and a queen pick again if it's not right
if you have any comment on those now
this is something that like these came
along a few years ago and people really
really like them they're they're called
Bogota I I've always heard them called
Bogota rakes but they looked like this
some guy called Raimundo invented them
and their variants on a kind of a tool
that's called a jig watt so a jiggler is
sort of like again in between lifting
and raking so you got your raking in and
out you got your lifting folds and back
and then you've got this kind of jiggle
you put it in and you're like just kind
of wiggling everything around so here
they are Bogota the three humps and a
single hump and there's the link if you
want to go check out those South Lord
also makes a set of pin tumbler jigglers
that's like they look like little keys
but they have just these crazy profiles
on them and you get like a keyring full
of them and it takes some take some
practice so I'm told but you can
then get up and some some locks that you
otherwise are not able to pick and then
so what time we at so we've been doing
this for like about an hour so what's
left in this presentation if you guys
want to see it is forensics of
lock-picking so basically how the tools
damage the locks and then just the
people interested in that show of hands
who wants to see likes them like damaged
locks from picking all right we'll do it
so the way the way that we can look at a
lock and we can see if it's been picked
relies on the fact that keys do
basically the same thing
every time you put him in a lock and
Turner they touch the same places
they're pretty specific and then also
when the pins are manufactured they're
manufactured with some little tiny tiny
wave or something they have that some
tool cuts them out the way that they're
cut out and so they have these
manufacturing tool marks on them we can
see what a new pin should look like with
these tiny little tooling ridges and
it's also kind of predictable how they
will eventually those those tool marks
will get and removed by normal usage on
the lock so here's like what a pin looks
like it's a 250 uses one down a little
bit
1,500 uses 5000 uses so it's just
getting smoothed off right it's just
like we're we're sanding that pin down
over thousands of actual key unlocking
of the lock
similarly the plug when you turn the
plug the driver pins are being pressed
down on the plug by those Springs so
when you turn that plug the the top pins
with spring pressure scraping along the
plug so after multiple uses you start to
see the scraping marks that are you know
sort of very predictable in how they
look
picks on the other hand touching pots of
the pins that the keys don't touch like
on the backside when you push the push
the key in it's it's running across the
front side but it's not touching the
back so we can look at our pins and say
like oh it's this normal wear and tear
or is there evidence that someone's been
using a picking tool on the log
something something like that that we
just we wouldn't expect to see a cut
like that from just a key moving across
it across the bottom of it so here's
some examples of lifting pick tool marks
on the bottom of a pin so it's been
pushing up on the raking across you're
gonna make these scratches that are sort
of all the way across the pin or mixed
picking styles and eventually this is
this is why people say don't pick locks
that you care about because eventually
you'll really mess them up and to
Europeans will will look like this looks
you know I don't have the slide right
next to it but obviously looks very
different to what we saw from like 5000
key usages and so even people who are
who are really good at picking leave
marks on the pins snappa guns leave
marks to say once again like the bumping
so you're whacking into a soft piece of
metal with a hard piece of metal the
snapper on the gun is going to be made
out of a hard spring steel and the pins
of brass so you get these you know you
can see where them have the metals being
pushed out of the way and even cupping
up into little ridges
some people write myself included I ever
know where the end of the lock is so I
always poke in too deep and scratch the
back of the the back of the lock so if
you disassemble your lock and you see
that there's some rocks up there then
you know someone's been trying to pick
it or all the way in if there's a tail
cap and someone's jammed jammed a pic in
there and scratch the back
you can see the marks of tension tools
in the keyway just like we said at the
beginning like about pinching the keyway
so there's some some scrapes the other
at the bottle at the bottom of the key
way from the tension tool and then if
someone's been like jamming in a
screwdriver or something like that to
try and open the lock you can see some
like real big nasty mocks on the pin
where they especially that front the
front pin where they someone's jammed
the screwdriver in so you can you can
see whether someone's been trying to
illicitly access your stuff bump keys
obviously gonna leave marks too just
like a snap a gun so there's a little
divot from a bump key
oh there so just like you know if
someone had hit it with a hammer because
that's basically what they're doing
they're hitting the key with a hammer
and then the key is hitting that so
simple stuff there
oh this is worth this is worth showing
especially if you guys want to take a
snapshot here are some books and videos
and websites the first first book there
is also the guy that originally made
these slides he's pretty famous tool
person and then of course the top
website to is the tool u.s. website tool
the open organization of lock Pickers
and they run in all kinds of contests
and stuff so take a snapshot of that
this is where they have local tool
chapters in the US which is not any help
to anyone here but they also have lots
of chapters in Europe tons of tool
people in Europe so I think the main
tool Europe site is tools on nl so go
there to see what people but people are
around you to interact with some quick
things about the legal questions
basically stuff varies a lot depending
on jurisdiction so some places will ship
through the mail and some won't so you
just got to check whether you know what
people require to ship to you a lot of
times if you go to a real like mail
order is usually a lot easier than going
to a real locksmith right because the
real locksmith me you know say oh well I
need to see some credentials for I'm
going to give you this or whatever like
especially if you want key blanks like
most normal people have no use for a key
blank so when you go to a locksmith and
say hey I need a blank for this like
particular lock they often be like well
well you know what do you need that for
so it's just easier to mail order and
then some places have like actual
legislation against possession and use
of lock picks the only place that I've
ever been hassled for having my lock
picks I mean Barris to say was in
Australia I've been hassled multiple
times at airports there but never
anywhere else so and and there are rules
in Australia about possession unless
you're a locksmith so I just made myself
a business card that said I was a
locksmith because it's not like you have
like a you know that's police badge or
anything so I haven't had to use it yet
I haven't been asked
since they made that but I'm hoping that
would be that will be enough to just
stop being yelled at I'm sure it will be
most places the rule is you can't have
these while committing an illegal act so
if you're carrying lockpicks
try not to break other laws or else you
might get in trouble just for reference
again I don't have Europe here
unfortunately but this is sort of the
rules in the United States so mostly
things are just just cool but as a few
states where things are more restricted
so that's probably the case in Europe
too I would imagine another question
people have a lot is like hey where do I
get locks from to practice picking on
because I don't want to pick on my house
lock because I'm gonna damage it so get
used stuff for free is the best way to
do it if you if you want to buy them you
can get them on hardware stores eBay
stuff like that the the cut away and
acrylic locks like these guys I guess
this now like a big a big industry in
training locksmiths that the Chinese
market has noticed because suddenly
these things got really cheap
I just bought some two weeks ago and I
was amazed like on Amazon they you know
I could get a real cutaway padlock and
two different kinds of acrylic visible
locks for like $30 on Amazon and I'm
sure it's just coming from China and so
you can get different kinds these are
not these are really nice because you
can see what's going on the only thing
is they're much easier to pick than a
real lock because the plastic body is
soft and it's just a lot more give to
things and things that the pins just
bind much easier these this is a real
legit padlock that they've mill milled
into so this is much more like picking a
real lock but you also get to see what's
going on so you can get those pretty
inexpensively and then also if you go to
the tool website they sell those ones
down the bottom that are all custom or
like progressively pinned practise locks
so they start off being super super
simple they get more and more difficult
then they also make ones with security
pins so the
you can get some practice taking
security pin locks real wealth security
this is like a cautionary tale that's
close to my heart because I had some
stuff stolen where I could have you know
I'd custom pin my locks and made them
really difficult to pick but the people
just like jimmied my door and broke it
open I could have just had a ten dollar
deadbolt and I would have actually been
safe so you know this is how you're more
likely to lose your stuff in the real
world than from lock-picking
someone's just gonna like reach in
through a half-open window with some
kind of defeat tool or something like
that and climbing your place or else
they're just gonna throw up brick
through the window right and and just
steal your so this stuff you know
it's really easy for us as nerds to get
super focused on like the the fine
detail and having that lock be awesome
and hard to pick but you got to also
remember that someone's gonna come along
it's not gonna be with like these picks
it's gonna be with like bolt cutters in
a crowbar and they're just gonna smash
open your door so don't put $100 lock in
a $10 door make sure your doors are
strong you know check your windows make
sure that there's you know some sort of
barrier to someone just throwing a brick
through when my when my plates got
broken into they had to go through two
two stages of security so one they
climbed up to the second floor on a
neighboring building and then put a
plank over and came through the window
we didn't have bars on the window and
then once they were in all the doors
were locked but then they just like got
tools and just broke the doors open so
if we had put bars on the window on the
second floor and a deadbolt that would
have been way better than like making
sure our locks were hard to pick so got
against the the quick and dirty attacks
and so people think lockpick is a shady
but we're all of the people that we are
here young old men and women we like
doing things
[Music]
and just skipping forward to the final
tool slides and once again thank them
very much for being super generous tool
Boston especially hooked me up with
these slides and are also really fun
people to hang out with they taught me
how to how to use tubular pics so big
shout out to tool and especially tool
Boston and that's where you go to find
Laurie so thank you
[Applause]
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