? ?
弗雷德·厄克特花了一生的时间 NARRATOR: Fred Urquhart spent a Iifetime
来解开帝王蝶的秘密 unraveling the secrets of the Monarch butterfly.
有人说,达尔文的进化论 FRED (voice-over): It has been said, since Darwin's time,
就写在蝴蝶的翅膀上 that evolution is written on the wings of butterflies.
而本片则是通过其中一种蝴蝶的翅膀来阐述 My destiny was written on the wings of one.
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作为一个生于1920年代，出生在多伦多附近的年轻男孩 NARRATOR: As a young boy in the 1 920s, near Toronto,
弗雷德想知道每个秋天 Fred wondered where all the Monarch butterflies
所有的帝王蝶飞往哪里 were flying to each fall.
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令人无法想象的是,每年有 He could never have dreamt that each year,
成千上万的帝王蝶聚集起来 these Monarchs join millions of others
开启一个飞往南方的非凡之旅 on an extraordinary journey south
不远万里地去寻找一个藏身之所 to a remote and distant hideaway.
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现在就开启关于帝王蝶 We begin our Monarch story today
在不同时间和地点的故事 in a different time and place.
每年春天,帝王蝶都会来到这里 Every spring, Monarch butterflies arrive here
德克萨斯州的田野山地间 in the Texas Hill Country.
在这为期一年的周期里 It's one stage in a year-Iong cycle
差不多有三代的繁衍 that will take at Ieast three generations.
每一代都会经历卵、毛毛虫、 Each generation must survive through egg, caterpillar,
蛹和成蝶的阶段 chrysalis and adult butterfly.
春暖花开之际, Amongst the spring flowers,
雌蝶找到一种叫马利筋的乳草植物 this female has found a plant called milkweed.
这类植物大都含有一定的毒性 Most varieties contain some Ievel of poison.
为动物所忌食 Animals avoid it.
而这对于帝王蝶则是唯一的产卵场所 But it's the only plant Monarchs Iay their eggs on.
卵里有一只饥饿的毛毛虫 Inside this egg is a hungry caterpillar.
孵化后,会把卵壳当零食吃掉 After hatching, it snacks on its egg casing.
然后就会把马利筋当主食 Then milkweed is all it ever eats.
马利筋带点苦味 Milkweed is bitter-tasting.
但毛毛虫可以忍受 The caterpillars can tolerate it,
这使得它们可以避免成为 but it makes them an unpleasant meaI
捕食者的美餐 for predators.
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即便有了马利筋的保护, Even with this milkweed protection,
帝王蝶幼虫仍是鸟类和昆虫的 Monarchs are still a major food source
一种主要的食物来源 for birds and insects.
不到百分之一的卵和幼虫 Less than one percent of eggs and caterpillars
可以生存至成年蝴蝶 will survive to become adult butterflies.
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而这就是其中的一个幸运儿 This is one of the Iucky ones.
我们会叫她黛娜, We will call her Dana,
来自她的拉丁名，Danaus plexippus from her Latin name, Danaus plexippus.
黛娜和她的后代 Dana and her offspring
必须足够幸运来繁衍几代才能在 must stay Iucky for generations
未来的一年内得以生存 to survive the year ahead.
到了1940年, FRED (voice-over): By the 1 940s,
我成为了一名科学家 I had become a scientist,
追寻帝王蝶的发源地就成了我的课题 and finding where the Monarchs went had become my quest.
我想出个点子，给蝴蝶贴标签 I had the idea that sticking tags on butterflies
以此来追踪目标 might work,
但是没有一个标签能被粘牢 but no one back then had ever tagged insects.
所以我不停地尝试各种胶水 So I kept on testing different glues,
并制成小标签 and made tiny tags,
并模仿蝴蝶翅膀的煽动来进行测试 and tried to imitate a butterfly.
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回到德克萨斯州,黛娜开始交配 NARRATOR: Back in Texas, Dana has mated.
现在,她将迎接新的挑战 Now, she must meet new challenges.
在未来的季节里 As the season advances,
德州的干旱造成马利筋生长缓慢 the dry Texas heat slows the milkweed growth.
黛娜和其余幸存者必须沿着 Dana and her fellow survivors must fly,
春天盛开的花进行迁徙 following the spring bloom.
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南方的帝王蝶涌向北方 The Southern Monarchs surge north,
途中将会产卵 Iaying eggs as they go.
六个多月就会有繁衍出三代 Up to three generations over six months
这让帝王蝶的数量剧增至十多亿 can swell Monarch numbers to as many as half a billion.
1950年代初, FRED (voice-over): By the early 1 950s,
我终于解决了标签的问题 I had finally solved the tagging problem.
准备好了吗? 一切准备就绪 WOMAN: Ready? This one's ready to go.
这种最新的粘性标签 FRED (voice-over): The newly invented sticky Iabels
应用在食品上的，就是解决之道 being used on groceries were the answer.
它们很难被移除, They were so darn difficult to pick off,
我们在帝王蝶上做了测试 we tested them on Monarchs.
非常有效 They worked.
哦! WOMAN: Oh!
(giggling)
给它一个飞吻说再见吧 He gave you a Iittle kiss good-bye.
诺拉,你认为怎么样? What do you think, Nora?
通过教学,我找到了另一个挚爱 (voice-over): While teaching, I had found another Iove,
诺拉,她也是一个蝴蝶迷 Nora, a fellow butterfly fan.
真心感谢蝴蝶这个大媒人 I can't thank our friends enough.
它们能到这里来真的是太好了 This is wonderful of them coming out here,
很花时间来做这个,但是… taking the time to do this, but...
我们现在面临的挑战是要找到一种方法来通过标签 (voice-over): Our challenge now was to find a way to tag them
找到它们的繁殖地 all across their breeding grounds.
诺拉说,“我们需要想方设法 As Nora said, "We need a big idea
追踪上这些小家伙。” to keep up with these Iittle critters."
我们会得到谁？ Who will we get?
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黛娜从德克萨斯州飞往东北部 NARRATOR: Dana is flying northeast from Texas.
在路上, On the way,
她将在邻近田地的马利筋上产卵 she Iays eggs on milkweed bordering fields.
随着农场的扩张 As farms get bigger,
边界逐渐消失 these borders disappear
连同消失的，还有帝王蝶发育场所 and with them, the Monarch's nurseries.
(引擎隆隆) (engines rumbling)
但是黛娜逃脱了,得以幸存 But Dana escapes, and Iives on,
直到她产下大约300个卵 until all her 300 or so eggs are Iaid.
这是黛娜的女儿 This is now Dana's daughter.
像上一代人一样，她以马利筋为食 Like the generation before, she feeds on milkweed,
然后……变成一只蝴蝶, and then... becomes a butterfly,
并以花蜜为食 and feeds on nectar.
诺拉,我想到个好主意了 FRED (voice-over): Nora and I had that big idea.
我们成立一个昆虫迁移协会 We formed the Insect Migration Association.
我们招募志愿者 We asked for volunteers.
他们被称之为“公民科学家”, They were known as "citizen scientists,"
我们的标记工作就叫做“伟大的蝴蝶狩猎” and our tagging efforts as "the great butterfly hunt."
到了1960年,我们有超过4000个志愿者 By the 1 960s, we had over 4,000 helpers.
黛娜的女儿找到一个安全的避风港 NARRATOR: Dana's daughter finds a safe haven
一个废弃的农场 in the fields of an abandoned farm.
在花丛中,她也找到了一个伴侣 Amongst the flowers, she also finds a mate.
它们将一同将创造出 Together, they will create
下一代的帝王蝶 the next generation of Monarchs.
等她的卵子受精后 With her eggs fertilized,
黛娜的女儿准备好要产卵 Dana's daughter is ready to begin Iaying.
但这一次,威胁来自天空 But this time, the threat comes from the sky.
(airplane engine roars)
她被农药喷洒机吓了一跳 NARRATOR: Startled by the crop duster,
黛娜的女儿必须飞离 Dana's daughter must fly on
直到她发现新的马利筋 until she finds milkweed.
在多伦多的一个新郊区 In a new Toronto suburb,
她找到了一个花园 she zeroes in on a garden.
它是专门用来 It's been planted especially
吸引和喂养蝴蝶的 to attract and feed butterflies.
这是一片鲜花的绿洲 It's an oasis of flowers,
有各种各样的花蜜和马利筋 promising all sorts of nectar and milkweed.
她将会在这上面产卵 She will now Iay her eggs;
这些卵又将开启其不凡之旅 eggs with a truly remarkable destiny.
诺拉,你今早有关于 Nora, do you have the Ietter with the found tag
发现标签的信吗? that came in this morning?
在俄克拉荷马州的某个地方，对吗? FRED: Somewhere in Oklahoma, wasn't it?
确切地说，是在阿尔图斯 AItus, to be exact, Freddie.
到1967年,我们这个由公民科学家组成的 FRED (voice-over): By 1 967, our unique family
独特的大家庭收到 of citizen scientists were writing in
北美各地的来信 from all over North America.
这是我们在布法罗放飞的五百个标签之一 This is one of the 500 we sent to Buffalo.
布法罗,布法罗,布法罗,布法罗 -我明白了 Buffalo, Buffalo, Buffalo, Buffalo-- got it.
我们给每个给我们写信的人 FRED (voice-over): We sent out tags
都发放了标签 to everyone who wrote to us.
当有标记的蝴蝶被发现 When the tagged butterflies were found,
它们的行踪即被反馈 their details were returned.
根据这些信息, With this information,
我们就可以开始追踪他们的飞行路线 we were able to begin to plot their flight paths.
谢谢你！ Thank you.
搞定了！ Done.
从这个卵里出来的是黛娜的孙女 NARRATOR: Emerging from this egg is Dana's granddaughter.
是在蝴蝶花园里孵化的 Hatching in the butterfly garden,
她是第三代 she is the third generation
从德州牧场开始算起 since the Texas meadows.
每一代的帝王蝶 Each of these Monarchs
都是“超级一代”的一部分 is part of a "super generation"
开启其壮观的征程 destined for a spectacular journey.
在两周内, In two weeks,
她就会长大2000倍 she will be 2,000 times Iarger.
黛娜的孙女为她的下一个阶段 Dana's granddaughter finds a safe place
找到一个安全的地方 for her next stage.
就像所有帝王蝶毛毛虫, Like all Monarch caterpillars,
她将经历化蛹为蝶的过程 she has cells that can develop into an adult butterfly.
在接下来的15小时, In the next 1 5 hours,
她的毛毛虫皮肤最终将分裂, her final caterpillar skin splits,
下面一层的新皮肤硬化成蛹 and beneath, a new skin hardens into a chrysalis.
在里面,有专门的细胞滋养新组织生长 Inside, specialized cells nourish new tissue growth.
通过数百根细呼吸管来供氧 Fed oxygen by hundreds of fine breathing tubes,
她的大脑,心脏和消化道 her brain, heart and digestive tract
都将改变形状和大小 change shape and size.
形成新的强大的飞行肌肉 New powerful flight muscles develop
和复眼结构 and compound eyes form.
长腿和强健的翅膀也将完成发育 Long Iegs and sturdy wings complete the transformation.
在两周内, In two weeks,
黛娜的孙女已经完成重塑 Dana's granddaughter has remodeled herself
变成了一只蝴蝶 into a butterfly.
但是她将与众不同-- But she will be different--
她是一只超级蝴蝶 a super butterfly,
寿命将倍增八倍 destined to Iive eight times Ionger
且比她的母亲和祖母飞的更远 and fly much farther than her mother and grandmother.
她温暖翅膀准备着处女航 She warms her virgin wings,
上面覆盖有上百万的鳞片 covered with over a million scales.
翅膀将带她开启其 These wings will take her on a flight
回家过冬的航程 to a secret winter home.
太阳在天空中的角度越来越低 The angle of the sun is getting Iower in the sky.
气候变得越来越冷 The days are shorter and colder.
她感觉到了这些信号 She senses these signals.
是时候向南飞了 It's time to fly south.
避开城市的摩天大楼 After negotiating city skyscrapers,
黛娜孙女的下一个障碍 the next obstacle for Dana's granddaughter
是五大湖的开阔水域 is the wide open water of the Great Lakes.
(ducks quacking)
还会有更多的挑战 There will be many more challenges
在她的史诗之旅中有一个未知的地方 on her epic journey to a place she has never known.
独立字幕人：Michael Lv 倾情翻译
多年来我们绘制了 FRED (voice-over): For years we charted
帝王蝶不同的飞行路径 the different flight paths of the Monarchs.
发现了一个奇怪的现象 A curious pattern began to emerge.
大多数帝王蝶是从西南方飞到德克萨斯州 Most of these Monarchs were flying southwest into Texas,
但这意味着他们都曾聚集在 but that would mean they were alI
一个没有人注意到地方 gathering there unnoticed.
这究竟是在哪里呢? How on earth could that be?
也许有一个办法可以找到 Well, there was one way to find out.
1970年冬天，我们把研究地搬到了德克萨斯州 We moved our research to Texas for the winter of 1 970,
诺拉和我几乎都在探寻的路上 and during every spare moment, Nora and I were on the road.
? ?
旅程超过14000英里 Traveling more than 14,000 miles,
我们到处寻找帝王蝶的大型聚集地 we searched high and Iow for Iarge gatherings of Monarchs.
但一无所获 But it wasn't to be.
我们什么都没找到 We found none.
尽管花费了二十年的时光来贴标签 Despite spending two decades tagging
也接收了很多优秀的志愿者的帮助 with all those good people helping us,
我还没有找到这些失踪的帝王蝶的踪影 I still had no evidence of the missing Monarchs.
这就像一个蝴蝶的黑洞 It was Iike a butterfly black hole.
(distant howl)
为了支撑这超长途的旅行 NARRATOR: To make her extra Iong journey,
黛娜的孙女积聚脂肪并存储能量 Dana's granddaughter builds up fat and conserves her energy.
她不再交配,她会顺风而行 She will not mate and she will catch free rides on the winds,
有时会飞到一英里的高度 sometimes flying a mile high.
帝王蝶进化成优秀的航海家 Monarchs are beautifully evolved navigators.
它们的DNA赋予其一种非常 Their DNA reveals clues about their exceptional ability
精准的迁徙能力 to migrate so accurately.
其多用途的触角通过太阳的位置 The multipurpose antennae constantly track time
来判断出时间 and the position of the sun.
它们向她的大脑传递一系列信号 They feed a stream of signals to her brain.
她头上的细毛能测出风的大小 Tiny hairs on her head gauge the wind.
她超灵敏的眼睛能看到我们 Her supersensitive eyes see Iight waves
看不到光波和颜色 and colors far beyond ours.
通过太阳在天空中的移动,她判断出时间 As the sun moves across the sky and she keeps time,
这就像昆虫的GPS，她会微调飞行路线 Iike an insect GPS, she fine-tunes her flight path.
她用触角来寻找花蜜，用脚来品尝 She smells with her antennae and she tastes with her feet,
她每晚都要借此来补充能量 detecting the nectar she needs each night to refuel.
这些适应性中，还有些尚未被我们发现的 These adaptations, and some we have yet to discover,
让帝王蝶完成其迁徙的秘密 make the Monarch a master of migration.
回到加拿大后，我们收到了 FRED (voice-over): Back in Canada we received
一封信改变了这一切 a Ietter that changed everything.
诺拉,亲爱的,我想我们可能有线索了 Nora, dear, I think we may have something.
亲爱的厄克特博士 MAN (voice-over): Dear Dr. Urquhart,
我饶有兴趣地读过你刊登在 I read with interest your article
墨西哥城当地报纸上 on the Monarch butterflies in my Iocal paper
关于帝王蝶的文章 in Mexico City.
我突然想到我也许能帮点忙 It occurred to me that I might be of some help.
当我开车通过马德雷山脉西方山脉 When driving through the Sierra Madre Occidental mountain range,
在墨西哥城的西边约120英里处 about 1 20 miles due west of Mexico City,
我遇到了湿漉漉、破破烂烂的帝王蝶群 I came across wet and tattered Monarchs
它们是在暴风雨中坠落的 that had been brought down in a rainstorm.
(thunder rumbles)
这封信是肯·布鲁格写来的 FRED (voice-over): The Ietter was from Ken Brugger,
一个在墨西哥工作的美国发明家 an American inventor working in Mexico.
他在去见女朋友的途中, On his way to meet his girlfriend,
遇到了这件怪事 he had come across something he wasn't expecting.
(thunder rumbles)
(indistinct conversations)
迭戈,看着我 KEN: Diego, Iook right at me.
在这次的遭遇后 FRED (voice-over): After this encounter,
肯就写了封信给我 Ken responded to an article
诺拉在一家墨西哥报纸上登了广告，请求帮助 Nora had placed in a Mexican newspaper, asking for help.
肯的爱情已经开花结果 Romance had blossomed for Ken.
他娶了卡特琳娜·阿瓜多 He married Catalina Aguado.
谢谢！ Gracias.
当她还是个小女孩的时候， FRED (voice-over): As a girl, she was enchanted
她被一小群帝王蝶迷住了 by small groups of Monarchs flying and resting
它们在凉爽的河边飞翔和栖息 along the cool riverside.
(用西班牙语交谈) (conversing in Spanish)
他们是理想的团队 FRED (voice-over): They were the ideal team.
所以我们聘用了他们 So we hired them.
卡特琳娜。 Catalina.
给你,亲爱的 Here you go, Iove.
现在我们有了 FRED (voice-over): Now we had
两个在墨西哥的公民科学家 two citizen scientists in Mexico.
你准备好了吗? —好了 -KEN: You ready? -CATALINA: Yep.
小心你的脚 KEN: Watch your foot.
(sheep bleating)
(children shouting playfully)
谣传肯恩和卡塔琳娜正在寻找 NARRATOR: Rumors spread that Ken and Catalina were Iooking
稀有的矿物或隐藏的宝藏 for rare minerals or hidden treasure.
你好 CATALINA: Hola.
-早上好 -早上好 -Buenos dias. -Buenos dias.
(man speaks Spanish)
没事的,没关系 It's okay, it's okay.
(querying in Spanish)
- 没有 -没有 -No. -No. -No.
(卡特琳娜用西班牙语询问) -没有 -没有 -(Catalina querying in Spanish) -No. -No. -No.
你呢? Tu?
(Iaughs)
(querying in Spanish)
你有没有看到过呢？ Bueno? Tu?
谢谢 Gracias.
(engine starts)
—再见! -Adios! -(children clamoring)
经过两年的无果的探寻 NARRATOR: After two years of dead ends,
卡特琳娜找到一个线索 Catalina deciphers a clue
一个帝王蝶可能的聚集地 to where the Monarchs might be gathering.
十一月初是死节 Early November is the Day of the Dead festival,
一个死者的日子（西班牙语） el Dia de Ios Muertos.
它是纪念死去的亲人 It is the time to honor departed Ioved ones.
在墨西哥和米却肯州 In the states of Mexico and Michoacan,
帝王蝶会穿越墓地 Monarchs drift through the cemeteries.
民间传说这是孩子们回归的灵魂 Folklore embraces them as the returning souls of children.
肯 Ken.
对卡特琳娜来说, NARRATOR: For Catalina,
她的童年记忆呈现出一个新的信号 her childhood memories take on a new significance.
这是否就指明了蝴蝶的飞行方向呢？ Did the flight of the butterflies point the way?
(rooster crows)
1975年一个冬天的清晨，肯和卡特琳娜出发 Early one winter morning in 1 975, Ken and Catalina set out
前往塞罗·佩隆山顶 for the mountaintop of Cerro Pelon.
(Ken panting with effort)
(Catalina gasps)
? ?
(phone Iine clicks)
弗雷德？ -(phone Iine beeping) -Freddie?
弗雷德? Freddie?
亲爱的,你没事吧? Honey, you all right?
他们找到了！ They found them.
肯和卡特琳娜找到帝王蝶了！ Ken and Catalina have found the Monarchs.
太棒了！ That's wonderful.
在高山顶上 High up in the mountains.
有数以百万计 Millions of them.
看到有这么多的蝴蝶 FRED (voice-over): It was marvelous to Iearn
真是太棒了 about so many butterflies.
但我还无法证明 But I still had no proof
那些数百万的蝴蝶是从北方迁移来的 that those millions had migrated from the North.
? ?
(Iow, indistinct conversation; children squealing)
那年九月，在明尼苏达州北部 NARRATOR: That September in the northern state of Minnesota,
Jim Street、Dean Boen和他们的老师Gilbert Jim Street and Dean Boen, with their teacher Mr. Gilbert,
小心地记录了一个标签：PS 397 carefully Iog tag PS 397.
可以了 AII right.
每年秋天,超级蝴蝶都会向南飞 NARRATOR: Every autumn, the super butterflies head south
有数百万之多 in the millions.
黛娜的孙女正从五大湖飞往德克萨斯 Dana's granddaughter is flying from the Great Lakes to Texas.
她的目的地是 With extraordinary aim,
穿越格兰德河进入墨西哥 she will funnel across the Rio Grande into Mexico.
她的目标是几千座被 Her target is a few forested peaks
森林覆盖的山峰 amongst thousands.
当她到达时,这个小生物 When she arrives, this tiny creature
将完成地球上最长的迁徙 will have completed one of the Iongest migrations on Earth.
就在一年前，这座山为她的 This is the mountainside that offered sanctuary
曾祖母提供了避难所 to her great-grandmother exactly one year before.
这是个最完美的场所 It is the perfect place.
避开南方阳光直射的温度 Far enough south for the sun's warmth,
在10000英尺高的地方，常绿森林里很凉爽 yet, at 1 0,000 feet, it's cool in the evergreen forest,
还有适量的水分 with just the right amount of moisture.
在这个脆弱的微气候中 In this fragile microclimate,
黛娜的孙女会停下来 Dana's granddaughter will slow down,
聚在一起取暖和互相保护 clustering for warmth and protection,
靠她的脂肪储备活到春天 and Iiving off her fat reserves until spring.
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但是,即使在这里 NARRATOR: Yet, even here,
黛娜的孙女仍将面临挑战 Dana's granddaughter will face challenges.
许多树木被砍伐 Many of the trees have been cut down.
另外骤变的气候： And as the climate changes,
寒流和暴雨也会杀死数百万计的同类 the combination of cold and wet storms kills millions.
但对幸存者来说,这是一个冬天的避难所 But for the survivors, it is a winter sanctuary.
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1976年1月9日, NARRATOR: On January 9, 1 976,
厄克特无视医生的警告 the Urquharts made the trek to Mexico,
前往墨西哥 despite the warnings from Fred's doctor.
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老天啊 Heavens above.
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真是难以置信 It's unbelievable.
难以置信 Unbelievable.
太壮观了,太不可思议了 What a glorious, incredible sight.
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我不敢相信自己的眼睛，居然看到了 I could not believe what I was seeing.
一个由我们制作的标签 One of our tags.
我通过这次令人难忘的旅程 I was holding indisputable proof
终于找到了无可辩驳的证据 of an incredible journey.
一个脆弱的，被风吹落的小生命 One fragile, wind-tossed scrap of Iife,
见证了帝王蝶的奇迹 symbolized both the marvel of the Monarchs,
同时也是一个终极奖励 and the priceless rewards
解决了这个古老的科学谜团 of finally resolving an age-old scientific mystery.
在这无比激动时刻, For one truly magic moment,
时间仿佛停滞 time stood still.
(wings rustling)
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那些熬过这个冬天的 NARRATOR: Those who survive the winter
在春暖之际开始饮水 drink in the spring warmth.
长时间的休眠也唤醒了交配冲动 The Ionger days awaken the dormant urge to mate.
正在交配的雌性是黛娜的孙女 Amongst the mating females is Dana's granddaughter.
现在是她生命里最后一次的飞行 Now it's time for her to make a final flight.
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顺着风前往北方 Catching the winds north,
她将前往德克萨斯州 she will make her way to Texas,
在那里，就像她的曾祖母一样 where, just Iike her great-grandmother,
在春天的马利筋上产卵 she will Iay eggs on the spring milkweed.
如同数千年来一样, And as it has for thousands of years,
帝王蝶非凡的生命旅程 the Monarchs' remarkable annual cycle
又将周而复始 will begin again.
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