This works better, okay. 这样子好多了
We are just trying to get the screen set up. 我们正努力地调试屏幕
Alright, so today we are going to continue talking about culture and last time, 我们将继续讲上次的文化内容
if you want to get a little report to that when we get started. 在正式开始前 先简单复习一下之前的内容
so, remember we left off last time we were talking about cultural objects. 上次我们说到了文化物品
Remember all the different food that we brought in last time? 还记得我们学到的各种食物吗？
Yes. 记得
Okay. 好的
And today we are going to talk about something a little bit different. 今天我们将说一些不太一样的话题
We are actually going to talk about nonmaterial culture. 我们将聊聊非物质文化
So if you can zoom in, is it possible to zoom in? 可不可以放大显示这个？
So this is the stuff that is very important to a culture, 这是很重要的文化内容
but it is not an object, right. 但这不是物体 对吧
Like it is not this, it is not something like this. 譬如说 它不是像这样的东西
It is not something like this. 也不是像这样的东西
These are things that we don't see, we don't touch, 这是我们看不见摸不着
we don't experience really with our senses. 不能用感官体会的东西
So nonmaterial culture 所以非物质文化
is the part of our culture that consists of abstract human creation. 是由人类抽象的创造所构成的文化内容
Now, that is a very fancy word:"abstract". 请注意这个很有意思的词："抽象"
Does anyone know what "abstract" means? 有没有人知道"抽象"是什么意思？
Do you know that word "abstract"? 你们知道"抽象"这个词吗？
Does anyone know that word "abstract"? 有没有人知道"抽象"这个词？
Okay, no one. 好,没有人知道
It is okay if you don't know that word 如果你不知道这个词,没关系
because most Americans don't know that word. 因为大多数美国人都不知道
Abstract means it is not real. 抽象意味着不是真实的
It is not like an object. 它不是一个具体的东西
It is not something that you can touch. 它不是一些你可以触碰到的东西
This, remember is an object, right? 这是一个物体，对吧？
But abstract is something that you cannot 但抽象是一些你不能
I can't see it. I can't drink it. 我看不见它 也不能喝掉它
I can't hold it in my hands. 我不能把它握在手中
Okay, that's ok. 好
So where I am going to spend time talking about the abstract, the nonmaterial abstract subculture. 我接下来将会花时间讲解非物质文化
For example, and we are going to talk about ... 例如 我们将提及的内容
One of them is values, alright? 其中一项内容是价值观，对吧？
So if you look at this picture, 当你看着这张照片
this represents what value do you think? 你认为这代表什么价值观？
When you see a heart in someone's hand 当你看到人的手中握着一颗心时
What do you think, what are they trying to show? 你认为这幅图想表达什么？
Love 爱
Love. 爱
Very good, it is love. 很好，就是爱
Now in reality, love is an abstract thing, right. 在现实当中 爱是抽象的东西 是吧
I can't- If I love someone I don't get, I guess 如果我爱某人 我不能
Zoom out a little bit there. 焦距稍微远点
If I love someone I can't give them love, right? 如果我爱某人 我没法把爱亲手递给他们 对吧？
I can't say, 我不可以说
"Cindy, I love you. Here is love. Here is a box of love." "辛迪，我爱你 这是爱 我送你一盒子爱"
Right 对吗
So love is an idea, it is a concept, but it is not an object. Correct? 所以爱是一个概念 而不是一个物体 对吧？
So we use a heart, now zoom in again on that. 所以我们用一颗心 现在再把焦距拉近
We use a heart to represent love, 我们用一颗心来代表爱
but it is not really what love is. 但它不是真正的爱
So we will talk about values today. 今天我们将谈谈价值观
We are also going to talk about what I call norms. 我们也会聊聊社会规范
These are all new concepts probably. 这些应该都是新的概念
So the idea of norms... These are the rules of life. 社会规范指的是生活中的规则
For example, take a look at this. 例如，看一下这个
You see two people shaking hands, correct? 你看到两个正在握手的人，对吧？
That is a rule. 那是一条规则
Vision, come here. 韦真 到这儿来
For example, a norm is a rule. 比如说，社会规范就是规则
So if I meet Vision for the first time and I don't know Vision, 假设当我在不认识韦真的情况下第一次见到他，
and I want to be nice to Vision 我想对他表示友好
I know that I am going to offer my hand 我会伸出手
and we are going to shake hands, right? 然后我们会握手，对吧？
That is a rule. 那是一个规则
That is normal. 这很常见
What if Vision wants to shake my hand, he meets me, 假如韦真遇到我时
he wants to shake my hand, 想握我的手
and I just stand here like this. 而我只是像这样子站着
Is that a good thing? 那样好吗？
No. 不好
What would Vision think of me? 韦真会怎样看我？
Will I be a good person? 我是一个和善的人吗？
No, 不是
if Vision, bring again and I just hit it 如果这次韦真伸出手而我这样拨开
That will not be good. 那样也不好
So we have a lot of rules 所以我们有很多规矩指导我们的行为
that we call norms and how we should act, correct? 这就叫做社会规范 对吧？
Now, here is another example of a norm. 好 现在再举一个社会规范的例子
If Vision is my son, if he's my son, I am his father, 如果韦真是我的儿子 我是他的父亲
and we know each other very well, 而且我们对双方都很了解
and I see Vision for the first time in many years, 当我们分别多年 我再次见到韦真时
and I go, 我说
"Hello Vision, how are you?" 韦真 你好吗？
I'm good. How are you? 我很好 你呢？
Will this be what a father and son might do? 父亲和儿子之间是这样子的吗？
Or what would the rule be then? 常规应该是怎样的？
The rule will be that I give him a hug, right? 常规应该是我抱他一下 对吧？
Oh, he's my son. 噢 他是我儿子
Okay, 好
so that is the norm. 所以这是一种社会规范
Have your seat. 请坐
So here's another thing we will end up talking about. 我们最后还会讲到一个话题
Let us zoom in that again. 让我们再拉近一点
Here is another thing that we will talk about in future weeks, 这是我们未来几周将会谈到的另一个话题
It's language, right? 就是语言，对吧？
So, I don't know if you can zoom in on that. 你可不可以把那个放大
But the hardest thing about cultures, 但是关于文化最困难的事情
the hardest thing about learning about culture is language. 学习文化最困难的事情就是学习语言
Right? 对吗
Because when I start speaking English, 因为当我说英语的时候
do you all speak English perfectly? 你们能立马跟着说一口很完美的英语吗？
No. 不能
and do you know when I start speaking English very quickly 当我讲英语讲得很快，你们知道我在说什么吗？
and I start talking about what I want to talk about, 我开始讲我想讲的话
and if we were to talk about values and stuff, 我将会谈谈价值观的东西
that is really hard for you to follow 这对你们来说很难跟上吧
because you guys don't speak English that well here, right? 因为你们英语没那么好，对吧？
Well we will talk about what language is in a couple of weeks. 好 我们将在接下来的几周聊聊什么是语言
Language is how you translate a culture. 语言是用来诠释文化的
Right? 对吗
You understand Chinese culture through Chinese language. Correct? 你们是通过汉语了解中国文化的，对吗？
And we understand American culture mostly through English language. 而我们大多是通过英语来了解美国文化
So language brings a culture together 所以语言把文化凝聚起来了
but the hard thing is language keeps cultures separated too. Alright? 但令人头痛的是语言也把文化分离开来了，对吧？
So we will get into language a little bit more. 所以我们将会在语言上多讲一点
You will teach us some Chinese, 你们教我们汉语
we will teach you some more English words. 而我们将教你们一些英语单词
Another one that we will talk about are the beliefs that we have in each of our cultures. 另外我们将谈到我们文化中各自存在的信仰
You know in America one side of beliefs are about religion. Right? 美国的信仰包含宗教，对吧？
What do we believe about religion? 我们相信宗教的什么呢？
So, for example, let me ask you this. 例如我问你们
When you die what will happen to you when you die? 你死了之后会发生什么事情？
Nothing. 什么都不会发生
Nothing? 什么都不会发生？
When you die, do you believe that your body is gone 当你死了，身体就没了
and that is the end? 一切就都结束了吗？
Who believes that? 有人相信吗？
Who thinks that that is true? 有人相信那是真的吗？
When you die, there is nothing. 当你死了什么都没有了
Okay? 对吗
Alright. Who is Catholic in here? 好，这里有谁是天主教徒吗？
Maureen come up here, please. 毛琳 请到这里来
You guys come up here, please. 请到这里来
Yey, come here. 对，过来
So in America, 在美国
many people have a religion, right 很多人都相信宗教，对吗
and a religion is a side of beliefs. 而宗教是信仰的一种
So Adriana, Maureen when you die if you are Catholic 那么阿德里安娜 毛琳 作为天主教徒
what do you believe will happen to you when you die? 你们相信死后会发生什么？
We will go to heaven. 我们将会去天堂
Nice and loud. 很好 大声一点
We will go to heaven or hell. 我们将去天堂或地狱
So you will go ... So do you believe there is life after death? 所以你们相信死后还有生命？
Yeah. 是的
Okay. 好的
So according to Catholic belief, when we die, 天主教认为当我们死去的时候
when our body dies our soul goes someplace else, right? 我们的身体死了但灵魂去了其他地方，对吧？
Hopefully, it goes where- 希望灵魂去哪里
Heaven 天堂
Heaven. Have you heard ofheaven? 天堂，你们听说过天堂吗？
There is no heaven? 天堂不存在吗？
Yes. 对
Who says there is heaven? 谁相信有天堂？
Who says yes? 谁说有？
Who says no? 谁说没有？
You guys can have your seats. 你们可以回座位了
It's going to be too fast.. 这个问答太快了
So this is the idea of some non-material things. 所以这是关于一些非物质内容的想法了
Now today we were going to talk about 今天我们还会聊聊
Here is another thing we will eventually talk about- traditions. 噢 还有最后一个要提到的 那就是传统
Traditions are things that you do over and over again. 传统就是你不停重复做的事情
The way things are always usually done. Okay? 就是事情的常规做法 对吧？
For example, if you can zoom in on that. 例如，你可以把那个放大吗？
This is a picture of a wedding, an American wedding, right? 这是一张婚礼的照片 是个美式婚礼 对吧？
Yes. 对
Okay. 好的
In America, you guys get married 在美国当你们结婚
Let me ask the girls 让我问一下女生们
if you get married in a traditional wedding in America, 当你在美国举办一个传统婚礼
what color will your dress be? 你会穿什么颜色的裙子？
White 白色
So wearing white in America is the tradition, right? 结婚穿白婚纱是美国的传统，对吧？
The tradition in America is that women will wear a white dress. 美国的传统就是女人会穿白色的裙子
In China, 而在中国呢
Ada, Hazel come here. Come here. 埃达和黑兹尔过来这儿
Ada is new, Ada has never been here before. 埃达是新来的，她之前没有来过这儿
Say 'Hi' Ada. 埃达向他们问好吧
Hi 你们好
Ada, Hazel 埃达 黑兹尔
if you get married in China and I know there is the differences, 我知道中国的婚礼和这里的婚礼不一样
What will your wedding be like? 你们的婚礼是什么样的？
What color dress will you wear? 你们会穿什么颜色的裙子？
Red 红色
Red? 红色？
Let me ask you, ladies, over there, 我问问屏幕另一头的女生
What color is your wedding dress in China? 在中国，你们结婚穿的婚纱是什么颜色的？
Red. 红色
In America, will a woman ever wear a red dress to her wedding? 美国女生会在她的婚礼上穿红色的裙子吗？
Probably no. 大概不会
Usually not. 通常不会
Now neither one is right nor wrong. 这没有对错之分
They are just different. Correct? 只是习俗不一样而已，对吧？
Thanks, guys. 谢谢你们
So we will talk about traditions 那么我们将谈到传统
things that we do over and over and over again. 即我们不停重复做的事情
And finally, we talk about holidays. 最后我们来说说节日
How those are all tied to tradition? 节日与传统有怎样的关联呢？
This, of course, I don't know if you can see it very well. 我不知道你们是否可以清楚地看到这个
Anyone wants to guess what holiday is that? 有没有人想猜猜这是什么节日？
Is that an American one? 那是美国的节日吗？
Spring 春节
It is spring festival. 是春节
I looked that up on the computer, 我用电脑查了一下
and that is spring festival. 这就是春节
Okay. 好的
So within the holidays we observe in particular in China 所以我们看到 中国的节日里面
that is the biggest holiday. Correct? 最隆重的就是春节 对吧？
Spring festivals - the biggest holiday. 春节是最隆重的节日
In America do we celebrate spring festival? 我们在美国会庆祝春节吗？
No 不会
No, it will not be. 我们并不会
What our biggest one will be Christmas, okay. 我们最大的节日是圣诞节
So we will be talking about those types of things, 所以往后我们将谈到这类内容
but today we are going to talk about values, okay? 但今天我们讲的是价值观，好吧？
Now, values are the most important thing you can ever talk about, 现在价值观是你们谈到的最重要的东西
because values run your entire life. 因为价值观会贯穿你们的一生
Every single thing that you do is based on your values. 你做的一每件事都基于你的价值观
And the way that you act is based on your values. 你做事的方式同样如此
So for example, 举个例子
if you come into your class today and you sit there, and you put your head down, 如果今天你进教室后坐在那儿打盹
and you sleep the whole time I am talking, 在我讲话的期间全程都在睡觉
that says something about your values. 这就体现了你的价值观
It says that in America, you are not respectful, 在美国这说明你不尊重别人
you do not value respect, okay. 你不重视尊重别人，好吧
It also might say you value rest and relaxation. 又或许说明你更注重休息和放松
You want to sleep instead of learn, okay. 你想要睡觉而不是学习
Values are what the society says is what is good, right and desirable. 社会所认同的良好 正确 可取的观念 形成了价值观
So when you value something you think it is a good thing. 因此当你重视某事 证明你认同它
When you have a value, you think that that is a good thing to have. 你根据自己的价值观 去判断什么是值得拥有的
You also think it is the right way to be and you want it. 去判断什么是正确的 什么是你想获得的
For example one of our most important values is 例如我们最重要的价值观之一是
how many of you like to be happy? 你们之中有多少人想获取快乐？
How many of you like to be happy? 你们之中有多少人想获取快乐？
Some of you William and Nick do not like to be happy. 你们中的一些人不想开心点，威廉和尼克
Now think about that. 现在想一想
So happiness is a value. 快乐是一种价值观
In our culture, 在我们的文化中
in Chinese culture, in American culture, 无论是中国文化还是美国文化
we want to be happy. Right? 我们都希望得到快乐，对吧？
We think it is a good way to be. 我们都认为快乐很美好
Yeah, we think it is a good thing to be. 是的，我们认为这是美好的
I want to be happy. 我想要快乐
I don't know many people who wake up in the morning and say, 我不清楚有多少人会在早上醒来的时候说
'I want to be sad, I want to cry all day.' 我想变得悲伤，我想一直哭
Right? 对吧
We don't want that. 我们可不想这样
We want to be happy. 我们想得到快乐
So happiness is a value that I like. 因此快乐是我喜欢的价值观
And because it is a value, 正因为它是我们的价值观
we do things to make us happy. Alright? 我们才努力去让自己变得快乐些，对吧？
Now values, as I told you before, 价值观正如之前我所告诉你们的
values are not objects. They are not things. 价值观不是物品，它们不是实体的东西
So when we talk about values, 所以当我们谈到价值观时
we are talking about ideas again of how to be. 我们谈论的是怎么做
So this water is not a value it is an object. 正如这水是一个物体，而不是价值观
But we value water because it gives us life. 但是我们珍视水，因为它是生命之源
We value life, so we drink water. 我们珍惜生命，所以我们喝水
We value health so we drink water. 我们重视健康，所以我们喝水
Let me ask you again. 我问问大家
In China do you drink hot water or cold water usually? 你们在中国经常喝热水还是凉水？
Hot water. Cold. 热水 凉水
Hot water, right? 热水对吧？
In America, we drink cold water all the time. 我们在美国总是喝凉水
Why do people drink hot water in China? Why do people…? 在中国人们为什么喝热水？
Tell me. My students tell me 告诉我 我学生告诉过我
we drink hot water because it is what? {\fs42我们喝热水是为了什么？
Victor come here. 维克托 过来这儿
Victor, why do you drink hot water in China? 维克托 在中国你为什么要喝热水？
Because that's… 是因为
Parents tell us. 父母叫我们喝的
And why do your parents tell you that? It is... 你父母为什么要叫你们这样做？
My grandparents tell them. 我爷爷奶奶教他们的
Well you are right. 你说得没错
You learn your values from your parents and your grandparents. 你从你爸爸妈妈和爷爷奶奶那儿学习到你的价值观
Why do they drink it? 他们为什么喝热水
It is healthy, right. 是因为健康，对吧
Okay, thank you. 好，谢谢你
You guys drink hot water because you say it is healthy. 你们喝热水因为你们觉得这是健康的
So health is a value in our culture, alright. 健康是我们文化中的一种价值观
So you drink it that way. 所以你们为了健康喝热水
Now, take a look that here again. 现在，请再看看这里
You can zoom in on that slow a little bit. 摄像机可以稍微拉近一点
How many of you would like a car just like this? 你们中多少人会喜欢这样的车？
Who would like the car? 谁喜欢这辆车？
If you would like the car, raise your hand. 如果你喜欢这辆车请举手
Only one. 只有一位
Okay, if I could give you that car, would you take that car? 好，如果我送给你这辆车，你会要吗？
Yes. 要
Now a lot of people say this car is a value, 很多人说这辆车是一种价值观
but it is not a value. 其实不是
The car is an object, but we value cars. 这辆车是一件物品，但是我们重视车子
Why do we value this car? 我们为什么重视这辆车？
Why do people want cars? 为什么人们想要车？
To drive. 为了开车
To drive, right. 开车 对的
So here is the thing. 那么问题来了
The car is important to us 车对我们来说很重要
because it is like many values. 因为这种喜欢跟其他价值观一样
So I drive a car so I can get from here to there. 我可以开着车从一个地方到另一个地方
Alright? 对吧
We call that mobility. 这就是自由行动
I can move around easily. 我可以来去自如
How many of you take the bus when you travel? 你们中有多少人乘坐大巴去旅行？
So what is easier? 那么哪个更轻松？
Is it easier to get into a car and drive 自己开车出行容易
or to wait for the bus and go very slowly? 还是等慢吞吞的巴士更容易？
Car represents convenience. 汽车代表着便利
It is easy. It is easy to have a car 有一辆车很方便
and also if you are 18, 如果你年满18岁
when you get your license and you drove that car 当你考到驾照开着车时
would people think that you are pretty cool, right? 人们会认为你很酷 对吗？
They will look at you and go, 'Wow look at that car.' 他们边走边看着你说："哇，看看那辆车"
A car represents a lot of values. 一辆汽车代表了很多价值观
Here again, 再来看这个
we have a picture of a family. 一张全家福
We say we value families, 我们讲我们重视家庭
but families are not values. 但是家庭不是价值观
Why do we value families? 我们为什么重视家庭？
How many of you love your family? 你们中有多少人爱你们的家庭？
Good, good. 好，非常好
You all love your family, thank goodness. 谢天谢地，你们都爱你们的家庭
What is it about family? 家庭是什么？
So we say a family is a value, no. 家庭本身是价值观吗？ 不是
The family is not what we value, 家庭不是我们的价值观
but it represents the values. 但是它代表了价值观
So we always say your family represents love, correct? 我们常说我们的家庭代表了爱，对吗？
Yes 对的
Your family represents safety; they take care of you, correct? 家庭还代表安全 因为家人能够照顾你 对吧？
Safety means your parents take care of you. 安全指的是你的家人会保护你
How many of you have a family 你们之中有多少人觉得
when you are with them you have fun? 和家人在一起的时候是快乐的？
So they might represent fun. 所以说 家庭也代表着快乐
Your family represents trust, loyalty, 家庭还代表信任 忠诚
many many different values. 和许许多多不同的价值观
Okay. 对吧
We value things 我们珍视某样东西
because of what they represent. 因为它代表了某种价值观
Now when we talk about values, there are lots of them, 我们谈论的价值观包含千百种
and I brought up a few. 我只是指出了其中的一部分
You guess, tell me, we already talked about this one. 你们来猜猜这代表什么 我们已经讨论过的了
What does this picture represent? 这幅图画有什么含义？
What value do you think this picture represents? 你们觉得这张图片代表了什么价值观？
Joy 快乐
Joy, joy would be very good. 快乐 对 这个答案不错
Happiness, right. Happiness and joy are both good examples. 快乐 幸福 都是很不错的
So there you go. 说得好
Happiness or joy. 快乐或幸福
You all just said before you liked to be happy, right? 你们之前都说想得到幸福，对吧？
It is something important. 这是很重要的
Now, how about this picture? 现在我们来看看这张图片
What does that represent do you think? 你们认为它有什么含义？
Is she ugly? 她丑吗？
Do you think she is ugly or she is beautiful? 你们认为她好看还是不好看？
Ugly 不好看
Ugly, who said ugly? 不好看 谁说的？
She's pretty beautiful. Isn't she? 她很漂亮，对吧？
No 不是
You don't think she is beautiful? 你们不觉得她漂亮？
You should see from this 你应该从这个角度看看
Maybe the picture is not so good, 也许是这张照片，拍得不好
but this is a picture of a very beautiful woman,right. 不过这张照片上的人还是很漂亮的 对吧
In our culture we value beauty. 我们的文化重视美
And here is a thing about values. 还有一件关于价值观的事情
When we value something, 当我们重视某件事
we act in a way to make that value. 我们会采取某种方式去做好这件事
How do women, this woman here what does she do 你们觉得照片上的女人戴了什么
to make herself beautiful? 使自己变得漂亮？
Earrings. 耳环
Her earrings. 耳环
She wears the beautiful earrings. 她戴的耳环很漂亮
Her hair, just like my hair, right? 看她的头发 和我的差不多 对吧？
Her hair is very beautiful. 她的头发很美
Lipstick - she put her make-up, correct? 口红 她化了妆 对吧？
Now, in both of our cultures 这在我们两种文化都有体现
do women do that in America, you guys, right? 美国的女性也会这么做 对吧？
Now here is something that is interesting, though, 不过有件事情很有意思
every culture values beauty, 每种文化都重视审美
but cultures have different ideas sometimes of what is beautiful. 但是有时候每种文化对美的定义不同
And I learned this in China. 我在中国见识了这点
In China, we would go outside, 在中国外出的时候
and it was very beautiful weather, the sun was out 当天气非常好，太阳很大
and here is all the women with their umbrellas. 会看到很多女人撑着伞走在街上
Okay, what is the Chinese word for umbrella, you guys? 伞用中文怎么说？
Okay come here and say 过来说一下
So women in China always have umbrellas. 中国女人总喜欢带着伞
What is it called? 这个词该怎么念？
San 伞
Come here and say it loudly. So what is this thing called? 过来大声点 怎么说？
San 伞
Sun? 太阳？
Like the sun? 和太阳的发音一样？
So women are always like this. 中国女人总喜欢撑伞
Why do women have umbrellas when there is no rain? 为什么她们在没下雨的时候也撑伞呢？
The sun 因为怕晒
They want their skin to stay very light, correct? 她们想保持皮肤的嫩白，对吧？
Yes. 对
Yeah, because that is beautiful right? 因为白代表着美 对吧？
Yes 对
In America, you guys do we worry about that? 你们在美国会担心这个吗？
No 不会
Women in America want to get tanned,right. 美国的女性喜欢棕褐色的肤色 对吗
Women in America, when it is sunny, they lay out like this, 她们喜欢躺在太阳底下
and they want their skin to be darker. 晒黑她们的皮肤
That is a sign of beauty in America. Isn't it? 因为在美国 黑才是美的标志 对吧？
Okay, both cultures love beauty, they value beauty, 嗯 两种文化都爱美 都重视美丽
but they might have different views of what beauty is. 但是她们对美的看法却不太相同
So that is a beauty. 所以这就是美
This one might be hard to see. 这张可能很难看清
You guys know what that is? 你们知道这是什么吗？
Gold 黄金
Gold. What is the value there? 黄金 它代表什么价值？
Why do we like gold, because they represent what? 我们为什么喜欢黄金？因为它代表了？
Money 钱
Money. 钱
I like this, money. 我喜欢钱
Money is an object, 钱是物品
and that is not value 它并不是价值观
but the value of money, the value of this, we call that wealth. 对于钱所代表的东西 我们称作财富
You want to have a lot of money, correct? 你们都想拥有很多钱 对吧
And why? 为什么？
Because money also gets us other values. 因为钱能够为我们带来其他的价值
So if I have a lot of money I could be famous. 所以 如果我有很多钱 我也许能够成名
Do you guys know Donald Trump? 你们知道唐纳德·特朗普吗？
Do you know the name, Donald Trump? 听过唐纳德·特朗普这个名字吗？
He is a very rich man in America who is trying to be the leader of our country. 他是美国有名的财主 而且想当国家总统
And the only reason he has that ability is that he has a lot of money. 而竞选唯一的理由就是因为他很有钱
Money represents power. 金钱代表着权力
Money represents objects like if I could have money I can buy many things. 有足够多的钱意味着可以买到很多东西
So wealth is definitely another one of our values, 所以 财富肯定是我们的另一种价值
and I know in China it is also a big value there, so the idea of wealth. 而且我知道中国也相当看重财富
And then finally another one we will just talk about a little bit-- 接下来我们要讨论的是
Knowledge 知识
Yeah, knowledge and education, right? 对 知识和教育 对吧？
Why are you sitting in this room right now where you are? 为什么你们现在会坐在这里？
Why are you sitting here listening to me? 为什么要在这里听我讲课？
Gain knowledge 获取知识
Because of education. 接受教育
You guys have to get an education because why do we value education? 你们都需要上学 为什么我们重视教育？
What do you guys want to do when you become adults when you grow up? 你们长大后都想做什么？
How many of you want a nice job and make a lot of money? 你们其中有多少人想找到好工作 赚很多钱？
Right, how many of you want to go to college to the university in America? 有多少人想去美国上大学？
Do anyone of you want to go to University in America? 你们其中有人想去美国上大学吗？
So, you are sitting in this room to get an education in order to do those things. 所以，你们现在坐在这里上课是为了以后达到这些目的
So those are values, those are some of the values we have in our lives. 这就是我们的价值观 我们生活中的价值观
So education. 谈到教育
Now here is the big point 现在到重点了
and we are going to do a little activity. 我们来做个小活动
Our values determine how we feel about things and how we view different people. 我们的价值观决定了我们如何待人处事
How we feel about different issues and how we view different people. 它决定了我们待人接物的方式
So I want to do an activity with you, and I want you to all standup. 我现在想跟大家做个小活动 先请大家站起来
So if you guys all standup 大家都站起来
and you guys are going to do this too. 你们也站起来做这个动作
You guys just come here 大家过来
So we are going to do this activity together, alright? 我们要一起做这个活动，好吗？
So we will do it on our side, and you guys will do it. 我们在这边做 你们在那边做
So I am going to say something to you, 我现在说一些观点
and I want you guys to think if you agree with what I say, alright. 你们想一想是否同意，好吧
If you agree with what I say 如果你同意我的话
you are going to walk over to this side of the room where Jay is. 就走到杰伊那边去
So Jay raise your hand again Jay. 杰伊 请举一下手
Okay, 好
so if I say something and you agree, 如果你们同意我说的事情
you say that is right, that is correct, I agree 你们认为我说得对
you are going to walk over where Jay is, okay. 那就走到杰伊那边 好吗
If you say, 'I don't agree with this.' 如果你说 我不同意你说的
You are going to walk over to where Jim is. 那就到吉姆那里
Hi, Jim. 嗨 吉姆
So if you cannot agree with the statement, you will walk over to Jim. 不同意的站到吉姆那边
So you are going to move around. 大家要准备走动起来
You guys are going to do the same. 你们也一样
If you guys agree with my statement, 如果你赞同我的观点
you will go over to where like Hazel over there 就站到黑兹尔那边
and if you disagree you will go over here by Adriana, okay? 不同意的话 就站到阿德里安娜那边 听清楚了吧？
So I am going to say this statement. 好 我准备说了
Here we go. 现在开始
Now first statement is this. The first statement is this. 请听好第一个观点
It is okay for people of different races to marry each other. 不同种族的人可以通婚
So in other words, if you are Chinese 换句话说如果你是中国人
it is okay for you to marry someone who is white or black or who is not Chinese. 你可以和白人 黑人 或者说外国人结婚
If you agree go over towards Jay, 同意的话 请站到杰伊这边
if you disagree go towards Jim. 不同意的话站到吉姆这边
Okay, very good. So most of you, you say it is okay. 好的 很好 大多数人都同意
Yes 对
It is okay to marry someone who is not Chinese? 你们觉得中国人和外国人结婚没关系？
Yes 对
Okay, 好的
how many of you want to marry someone who is not Chinese? 那你们其中有多少人想和外国人结婚？
Anybody for sure? 有人愿意吗？
Okay, notice here guys too. 好 大家注意
Over here in America the students agree with you as well, right? 美国的学生也跟你们想法一致 对吧？
Can you tell me why you think 你们能说说
that is okay for people of different races to marry each other? 为什么同意不同种族的人通婚吗？
Is there anyone who wants to volunteer? 有没有人自愿发言的？
What did you say over here? 这边的同学说了什么？
So you guys I will have one of the kids here and then also one of you. 我先问问这边的同学 再找你们那边的回答
Does anyone want to tell me 有人想说说
why it is okay to marry someone who is not Chinese? 为什么同意中国人和外国人结婚的吗？
Does anyone want to say? 有人愿意说说吗？
Someone is going to answer? 有人想回答一下么？
No? 没人回答么？
That is okay. I will ask over here. 好吧 那我问问这边的
Isaac, why is it okay to marry someone of other different race? 艾萨克 你来说说 你为什么同意不同种族的人通婚？
I believe it is okay because race isn't really a big judgment. 我觉得种族并不是一个十分重要的判断依据
It is not considered to be a big judgment for someone 这不是评判一个人的重要标准
it is considered to very arbitrary judgment no different than hair color. 就好比我们不能通过头发颜色去评判别人
Okay, 好的
how many of you would say this, 有多少人同意这个观点
it is okay to marry someone as long as you love them. 只要你爱一个人 你就可以跟那个人结婚
If you love someone, you should marry whoever you want. Who agrees? 只要是你爱的 无论是谁你都应该和他结婚 同意吗？
If you love someone, you should marry them. Right, do you guys agree? 爱一个人就要和他结婚 同意吗？
If you love someone, 如果你爱这个人的话
how many of you would say that everyone is equal? 有多少人认同人人平等？
So a Chinese person is equal to an American person, 也就是说中国人和美国人是平等的
a black person is equal to a white person, so it is okay? 白人和黑人是平等的 对吗？
Okay, 好吧
I think some people just don't understand. Alright, very good. 我认为一些人没有理解我的问题好的 很好
The next question we are talking about getting married, how about this? 下一个问题我们来探讨结婚 怎么样？
Everyone should get married by the time they are 30 years old? 每个人都应该在30岁之前结婚吗？
Everyone should get married by the time they are 30 years old. 每个人都应该在30岁之前结婚
If you agree stay here, if you disagree go over there. 同意的站这边 不同意的站那边
Now, isn't that interesting? 现在是不是有点意思了？
Notice again you guys, you are the same as the kids over here. 注意一下 你们和这边的学生想法一样
Adriana is a little in the middle, 阿德里安娜站得比较靠中间
okay now let me ask you this. 那我来问一下
In China do your parents want you to get married though by the time you are 30? 中国的父母们希望孩子在30岁之前结婚吗？
Yes. 对的
No. 不是
How many of your parents want you to be married by the time you are 30? 有多少人的父母希望你们在30岁之前结婚？
So, come you guys, come here. 你们 过来
You guys at your age 以你们现在的年纪
you might not think you have to get married by 30, 可能不会觉得自己在30岁之前必须结婚
but your parents think you should? 但是你们的父母会这么认为吗？
Do your parents want you to get married by the time you are 30? 你们的父母想让你们30岁之前结婚吗？
Why? 为什么？
Because what do your parents want? 你们的父母想要什么？
Your parents want grandchildren, right? 你们的爸妈想抱孙子，对吧？
Okay, very good. 好的 很好
Why do you guys want to get married? 那你们自己为什么想结婚呢？
How many of you say... here is another thing. What is the value there? 注意了 这里体现了什么价值观？
I don't want to have to get married. 我不想被逼婚
You shut up the freedom, right? 这抑制了自由 对吧？
So we value freedom. Well, that is 我们重视自由
How many of you want to get married some day? 有多少人希望自己有一天会结婚？
Someday, yes. 未来某天 对
You might want to get married, 你也许想结婚
but you don't want to get married right away, okay? 但是你不想现在马上结婚 对吧？
Here is the next question. 下面还有个问题
Every single person should go to college. 每个人都应该去念大学
Every single person should go to university. 每个人都应该去念大学
If you agree go over that way towards Jay is there. 同意的站杰伊这边
If you disagree, stay where you are. 不同意的可以原地不动
Do you agree or don't agree? 你们是否认同？
Yeah, every student should go to university. 是的 每个学生都应该去念大学
No 我不同意
No? 不同意？
Okay, can I ask you guys? 好的 那我能够问一下吗？
So none of you has switched again? 有人改变主意吗？
So does that mean-- 所以这就意味着
Oh, okay, Maureen, do think everyone should go to university? 噢 毛琳 你认为人人都得上大学吗？
Oh, no. This was not everybody. 噢 不对 不应该是所有人
That is agreeing. You are agreeing with everyone Maureen. 那就是跟大家意见一样的 毛琳
Okay, now you people agree. 好了 你们有人同意了
Here is the thing, now we are comparing to things- education. 那我们把这件事和教育对比来看
You guys just said you like education but why 你们刚才说了 你们都热爱教育 但是为什么
So you guys don't like education? 你们都不喜欢教育？
Wait, I do like education. 等等 我喜欢教育呀
People should be able to choose what they want to, 人们应该有权利选择他们想要的东西
but they shouldn't have to. 但他们也不一定必须这么做
Okay. So here is two things you guys, with values, 好的 现在有两件事和价值观相关
we change our values a lot. 我们会经常改变自己的价值观
So here is the next point. 现在是下一个观点
We have many values, and some values are more important. 我们有很多观念 其中有一些更为重要
You guys over there, 那么站在那边的人
I think that's Tom over there and who else is over there? 我看到里面好像有汤姆 另一个是谁？
You guys education is the most important, 教育是最重要的
but what we're saying is we value education, 虽然我们重视教育
we just value freedom of choice more, right? 但是我们更加重视选择自由 对吧？
So it is your decision - so freedom of choice. 选什么是你的自由 这就是选择自由
So today I am just going to close with this... You guys have a seat. 所以这个话题就到这里 你们先坐下
We will just close with this. 这个话题就说到这儿
Thank you. You guys can sit back down. 谢谢配合 你们可以回座位了
So the last thing we want to talk about very brief 还有最后一个话题 我们简短来说说
when you guys make your decision, you make your decision based on your value. 你们的选择是基于自己的价值观
So if you said, 所以如果你说
'I don't think everyone should have to get married by the time they are 30, 我觉得不是每个人都应该在30岁之前结婚
you might value love, but you value freedom first. 你可能重视爱情 但是你更加重视自由
You don't want people to have to. 你不想被别人束缚
So look at this here. 看看这里
So here you have a man and a woman who are in love, right, 这里有一对正在热恋的男女
but one of you have this. 但注意到这里
Here is the question, 现在有个问题
what if you met someone, you have a boyfriend or a girlfriend when you are 18 years old, 假如你在18岁的时候和某个人相恋
and your boyfriend and girlfriend said, 你的情侣对你说
'I love you. I want to marry you now, and I want you to 我爱你 我想现在跟你结婚 我想和你天长地久
but I don't want you to go to college, to university' 但我不希望你去读大学
How many of you will give up your chance to go to college toget married at 18 years old? 有多少人会在18岁的时候放弃读大学而去结婚？
No 没有
Okay. 好
So you have to make a choice. 你们需要做一个选择
You might have to choose love or education. 必须要在爱情或者学业中选择一个
Some people will choose love. 'I love you, I want to get married.' 可能有人会选择爱情 我爱你 我想跟你结婚
Some will choose education. 有些人可能会选择学业
And then the last one jump. What is that jump? 最后一张图 是一个跳的动作 这个动作代表什么？
So I look at skateboarding 我看到了滑板
Jim, I can't see you 吉姆 我看不见你
Jim, why do you do skateboarding? Why do you skateboard? 吉姆 你来说说你为什么玩滑板？
Is it fun? 这好玩吗？
Is it fun to skateboard? 玩滑板有意思吗？
Yes. 是的
Did you ever hurt yourself? 有没有受过伤？
Did you ever hurt your arm or your leg? 比如说摔到手臂或者腿？
On my hand. 摔过手
Yeah, your hand. 噢 摔过手
So skateboarding is a decision. 所以说玩滑板是你的选择
I will never skateboard because I will kill myself. I will hurt myself. 我不会去玩滑板因为我会把自己搞得全身是伤
So in that situation, if I skateboard it might be very fun 因此 虽然我觉得滑板应该挺好玩的
but I also think I might hurt myself. 但是我很可能会受伤
So I choose safety over fun, okay. Safety over fun. 所以我选择了安全而不是好玩 安全比好玩重要
Now we are going to stop there. 我们今天的课程要到此结束了
I know that is hard to... There's a lot of language today. 我知道 今天说了特别多
It is hard to hear. 你们很难听清楚
But we are going to stop there. 不过我们今天到此结束了
But I want you to understand values are the most important thing. 不过我想让大家知道的是 价值观是最重要的东西
So everything you do in your life is based on your values. 人生中做任何一件事情都是从价值观出发的
When you treat someone 当你和某人相处时
If you value honesty, 如果说你重视诚信
you will tell people the truth. You will not lie. 你就会和别人说实话 而不会撒谎
If you value health, you will eat healthy foods, 如果你看重健康 那就会吃健康的食品
and you will exercise, right? 也会锻炼 对吧？
If you value education you will go to school, 如果你看重学业你就会去上学
and you will study, and you will do your homework, okay. 你就会学习 做作业 对吧
So we will stop there today. 好了 我们今天的课就结束了
I know it is time to end. 我知道已经到下课时间了
So we will see you next week, alright? 我们下周再见 好嘛？
Thank you. 谢谢
Bye. 拜拜