[Music]
subscribe to our channel and hit the
bell icon so that you know when live we
go
hello and welcome to daily news
simplified in the next 25 minutes i'll
ride you through today's newspaper
discussing the most important articles
from the paper relevant to civil service
examination
the articles that we will take up for
discussion has been displayed
on the screen time stamping also has
been provided at suitable place
by now you must have understood the
nature and extent of
indo-china border conflict you must also
be knowing important locations along lac
and the disputed areas
given a piece of paper and pen you must
also be able to draw
a rough map of the region and mark
important locations along lac
now when we have learned so much of it
it is natural to do analysis
as to what went wrong why situation has
come to this
and that's what the author of this
article from page number six has tried
to do
the title of the article is making sense
of china's
calculation the article analyzes the
limitations and
failures of india's intelligence and
india's strategic calculation which
failed to anticipate
such an intrusion by chinese army in the
previous dns dated 26 june we have
learned
from the government's announcement that
china has been amassing
troops and armaments along line of
actual control for nearly two months now
the author of the article says that a
charge that can be leveled against
successive central government is that
while
china has consistently asserted its
claim over the whole exciting
india has chosen to overlook china's
more recent postures
in this region and in this regard author
gives
facts and do the analysis to come to a
conclusion
that there has been lapses and failure
of india's intelligence
and india as a strategic calculation
coming to failure of intelligence
intelligence is an important topic to be
covered under internal security under
paper 3.
so the basic definition of intelligence
you must know a question on importance
of intelligence
for security of our nation and the
mechanism of collecting intelligence
can be asked in the coming mains exam
intelligence is basically
information gathered from within or
outside the nation
it could be regarding anything for
example regarding threats to the nation
its people and property
regarding development proliferation and
use of weapons of mass destruction
or any other matter bearing national
security
collection of such information is called
as intelligence
in the context of security the value of
intelligence
stems from the fact that better decision
can be made
based on better information the policy
makers
the strategist will be hamstrung if we
if they do not have good intelligence
coming from the ground
many attacks can be averted because of
intelligence
the intelligence arm of india gets very
active before independence day republic
day or any other important summit
and they have been successful in
averting many attacks
so intelligence gathering must also be
beefed up
according to the timing the timing and
nature of china's action
should have aroused keen interest in the
intelligence organizations
about china's strategic calculation but
perhaps
this did not happen because the author
says
chinese buildup in the galvan valley
pangong lake
deepsang plain and hot springs gogra
region did not require any great
intelligence effort
since the chinese was also not
attempting to hide it they were making
semi permanent structures there
but still we were not ready with
adequate preparedness
the author says that india does possess
high quality
imagery intelligence and signals
intelligence capability
distributed between ntro national
technical research organization
the directorate of signals intelligence
in ministry of defense
and other agencies and all this
institutional capability
would have made possible to track
chinese movement
we have me sat the satellite dedicated
for intelligence gathering
we also have hysys the hyper spectral
imaging satellite
which is used for dual purpose both for
military and civilian
it has the capability to see through the
soil
up till few centimeters we have such
strong technological capability in
imagery and signal intelligence
you would remember that after the
surgical strike in pakistan
indian air force reportedly presented to
the government
radar and satellite images showing the
bombing of the intended target
so if we are so capable and we were
yet unaware of chinese maneuvering
around the border
then this is a clear-cut case of failure
of
intelligence gathering but this is not
just the failure of intelligence
gathering there has been labs
at the end of a strategic calculation as
well
the author says the importance of a sky
chain for
china has greatly increased of late and
it provides direct connectivity between
the two
most troubled regions of china the
xinjiang and tibet
china has constructed highway 219
connecting both these regions
and this does not seem to have been
adequately factored in
by india's strategic policy making
bodies
whenever there is huge investment
infrastructure development in any region
then the government gets active to
protect that infrastructure and
investment for instance when tarpi
pipeline was in the planning stage
then even the pakistani government was
active in removing the terrorists and
the extremists from the region
during the course of construction of
india myanmar and thailand trilateral
highway
india pressurized the government of
myanmar to clear the region of
extremists give
protection to the infrastructure project
and have adequate preparedness for
security
similarly it must have come naturally to
the strategists and thinkers
that since china has been actively
investing in the region
they will make some effort and that may
result
in clashes with india at the border
while
indian policy makers saw the
reorganization of the state of jammu and
kashmir
and reclassification of ladakh as purely
an internal matter there was failure in
picking up the fact that for
china's military planner the carving out
of ladakh into union territory
posed a threat to china's peace and
tranquility
in fact they gave very strongly worded
statement on this
it does not mean that we are not to do
what we feel is right for our own
national interest
but the point that author is trying to
make when we do something
there might be reaction from neighbor
and that reaction should have been
anticipated
the author further says that indian
strategist
also failed to pick up big sign
of chinese forward push in the previous
dns we saw
that the time of peaceful rise of china
is over
they have dropped the policy of peaceful
growth or peaceful development
now this is forward pushing china
assertive
bullying china and there has been sign
for this
for example china now don't care about
rising tension or the trade war with the
us
china has been pushing hard its grip
over taiwan
over hong kong and there also has been
repeated naval incidents in south china
sea
we learned about salami tactic in the
last dns
in which china is trying to win over the
neighbors exert influence on the
neighbors
piece by piece and when the fight in the
region will be over
things will come to our doorstep as well
this must have been anticipated in the
previous dns we also saw
that china does not see india as a swing
state china see
india to be already a very strong ally
of u.s
china also see india as a counterweight
that different nation is trying to set
up
against china so the author is saying
that our closeness to us
should also have factored in any adverse
response from
china the author further says that since
last year
when china's economy began to show signs
of decline
followed by kovid 19 pandemic china is
known to have become
extremely sensitive to what it perceived
as
effort made by others to exploit its
weakness
although china never took criticism but
lately
china has been very adverse to critics
it does not mean that we are to not
criticize
china as we have been doing in post kobe
19
we have been very vocal about china's
irresponsibility in handling the kovite
19
they hit the information but when we are
criticizing
we must be aware of the other country's
sensitivity
and we must be prepared for any adverse
response from the nation
so the problem was not criticizing china
the problem was
not being prepared for adverse response
from china
and all these are indicative of a
weakness
in interpretation and analysis of
intelligence available
so it is the poor intelligence gathering
and strategic calculation
that has brought us here the author
further looks into the institutional
lacuna
within intelligence and strategic policy
making bodies
that has harmed us the author says that
there is no problem with technological
capability we have it
but the advances in technology
especially artificial intelligence
requires a skill for intelligence
analysis
and the author is not sure if the
skilling up of
intelligence force has happened the
principal responsibility for
intelligence system
and analysis concerning china rests with
national security council secretariat
india's external intelligence agency
which is raw the research and analysis
wing
and to some extent defense intelligence
agency
the national security council used to
have three layers
and recently one of the lair joint
intelligence committee was dismantled
and the author suggests that this
dismantling has weakened the
intelligence assessment system
he further says that in case of raw lack
of domain expert
and inadequacy of china specialist might
also have been contributing factor
in ministry of external affairs experts
on china
have decreased in number and the general
tilt of the ministry towards us
has resulted in imbalance in the way
that the ministry perceives the
problems and the situation in the region
especially vis-a-vis china
the author also highlights one of the
important shift in diplomacy that india
had recently
the author says that preference have
been given to submit diplomacy
summit diplomacy is one in which the
head of the governments meet
the author says that summit diplomacy
cannot be a substitute
for carefully structured foreign office
policy making
foreign office is the embassy basically
foreign office has a great role to play
in any country's strategic policy the
information that they gather from the
country is very important the
sensitivities of the nation
is known basically from the foreign
office nepal suddenly has come as a
surprise to us
but the foreign office in nepal must
have been aware of what's happening in
the nation
perhaps the input was not taken or the
importance to that input was not given
the author is saying that summit
diplomacy most of the time
backfires he gives the example the
disastrous meeting of the prime minister
indira gandhi and the then u.s president
richard nixon
had long-term adverse impact on
india-u.s relation
although there are some successful
examples for example the rapid between
the prime minister manmohan singh
and the u.s president george w bush did
a lot of good
to the bilateral relation but he
suggests that that was an
exception mostly the summit diplomacy
does not work out very well currently
india's summit diplomacy
has marginalized the external affair
ministry with regard to policy making
and that is why we did not have a
holistic strategy
to deal with china and probably we are
paying a price for it
this news article is from page number
seven
the preparation for year-long birth
centenary celebration
of former pv nasima rao has
started in hyderabad in this context let
us look at some information
concerning the late pm relevant for the
civil service exam
the late pm was an active freedom
fighter during the indian independence
movement
and he joined full-time politics after
independence as a member of
indian national congress he served in
the cabinet of andhra pradesh from 1962
to 1971
and then he became chief minister of the
state in 1971.
he rose to national prominence because
of handling diverse portfolios
significantly home ministry defense
foreign affairs
he became foreign affair minister in
1980 and then again in 1988
in 1991 he became the first person from
south india
to occupy the office of prime minister
one of the most
important decision taken by him was
related to the appointment of his
finance minister
he broke convention by appointing a
non-political economist
and the future prime minister dr
manmohan singh
as his finance minister he is best known
for the reform of 1991. the public
sector-led model of development
accompanied by other factors such as
closed economy
licensed raj system had taken a severe
toll
on the indian economy leading to balance
of payment crisis
in 1991. india was forced to take loan
from the imf
and in return india had to accept the
lpg reforms
this reform of 1991 is considered to be
the major watershed in the economic
history of india
the transition from centrally controlled
economy
to private sector-led economy was
undoubtedly a herculean task
and hence needed political commitment
and economic acumen
of the highest level it was the
political leadership after narasimha rao
which enabled the smooth transition of
indian economy
today india is the fifth largest economy
in the world
it has emerged as the i.t capital and
the
back office of the world due to i.t
revolution
all of these have been made possible due
to strong and effective leadership
which was given to the country when it
was going through the toughest phase
apart from economy pv narasimha rao also
contributed immensely
on the foreign policy front and this is
often forgetted on neglected
contribution of the late p.m
look east policy was unveiled by pv
nasimura
and that strengthened india's
relationship with its neighborhood
full-fledged diplomatic relationship
with israel in 1992
was also established under his tenure
and due to his active participation in
the process
the pm also led a systematic drive
to draw the international community's
attention to pakistan's sponsorship of
terrorism against india
the legacy of pv nasima rao still
continues today
the private sector led economy that was
invisaged
and the reform that was done for the
same still continues
during the tenure of pm modi today india
has drastically gone up the ladder
in ease of doing business index and that
can be said
as the process in continuity that was
started by pv nasima law
this news article is from page number
five draft eia notification fosters
non-transparency
encourages environmental violation
see the government recently has notified
the draft environmental impact
assessment 2020 notification
under environment protection act 1986
and this notification
seek to replace the environmental impact
assessment 2006 notification
which is presently enforced many
environmentalists many organization
including south asia network on dams
rivers and people
have raised objection they have planned
they have
flagged major issues with the draft
environmental impact assessment
notification 2020.
let us see a little bit of background of
environmental impact assessment in india
in 1994 environment clearance for
development projects was made mandatory
for the first time
under environment protection act
accordingly environment impact
assessment was carried out in accordance
with some regulations that were made by
ministry of environment forest and
climate change
under environment protection act 1986
the
environment impact assessment which is
carried out in the current form
is in accordance with the environment
impact assessment notification
of 2006 and in order to account for
changing times
environment impact assessment
notification is revised from time to
time
and accordingly the ministry has issued
a draft eia notification
in march this year there are two major
issues that have been flagged by
environmentalists
one is related to the dilution of eia
norms
with respect to hydra power project eia
notification 2006 has categorized
development project into two types
category a has projects which are
located in the ecosensitive zone
and thus require mandatory eia the eia
for this category
is done by the ministry itself then
there are category b
projects category b projects are further
classified as b1
and b2 b1 requires eia to be undertaken
by
state forest authorities and b2 project
undergo a screening process and after
screening
they are exempted from eia process so
the screening is done to identify
whether the project will lie
in b2 category or not the draft eia
rules
puts all hydra project below the
installed capacity of 25 megawatt
under b2 category exempting them all
together
from the eia process this is being
criticized as highly projects below 25
megawatt get a blanket exemption
irrespective of their location
secondly there was a long standing issue
of conflict of interest
eia is usually carried out by expert
appraisal committee
many a times the member of these expert
appraisal committee
approving the projects have been central
water commission member
or river valley project chairman etc can
you see the conflict of interest in this
case
a member of central water commission or
river valley project or any other water
related body will have the interest
in encouraging hydrate power project so
if the same person
is sitting in the appraisal committee
then he will be tending to clear the
project
this amounts to clear case of conflict
of interest
and the new notification was expected to
address this
however this aspect has not been touched
in the new notification
so these are the two main issues that
you have to keep in mind and since this
is not the final notification maybe
government will incorporate some changes
but these two things you should keep in
your mind there are two more news
articles which are important for the
exam
one was covered yesterday the mobla
rebellion
however a more comprehensive notes on
this topic has been provided in the dns
pdf today
the other is regarding the domicile in
the union territory of jammu and kashmir
this has been comprehensively covered by
navitsar
on 2nd of april 2020. the additional
note on this topic
also has been added in the pdf notes for
today
now we will see two news from the
perspective of maine's value edition
one news is from page number four with
the title
proof of planting trees must for
availing government services in urissa
actually the jagpur district
administration in odisha has made
plantation
a precondition for obtaining government
licenses this is a novel idea
to popularize plantation drive by
assigning specific number of trees to be
planted against
each license or service for example
for getting a gun license they have set
a condition to plant 10 trees
apart from the general precondition that
is required for example
the certification of good behavior from
neighborhood and etc etc
and for renewal of gun license five
trees have to be planted
similar precondition has been set for
opening of new foreign liquor shops
and for providing other services these
plantation has to be self-certified
through photograph or video evidence
although the district administration can
carry out random checking
the success has been stupendous the
district administration has achieved a
milestone
where public have planted 1.25 lakh
trees
in the jasper block you can have a small
write-up of around 50 words and you can
use this as a case study
for the environment section of gs paper
3. the other news is from page number 13
it is titled a real page turner the news
is from kerala
the thing is that with the contribution
of local residents an initiative by
a library in village of kerala
perumkulum
public bookshelves have been added and
this has made this village
india's second village of books the
first village was bhilar
a village in maharashtra's satara
district and that was declared as
village of books in 2017 by the state
government
and that sparked the idea and that was
continued and made on a larger scale
in the state of kerala these public
bookshelves are put out in public areas
strategically where waiting time is high
for example beside bus stop
and these areas are called as book zones
the purpose is to encourage
people to pick books in the public zone
and read them
right there this is an amazing idea
suppose you went for a walk in the
evening
you reached a book zone and you had a
free reading there so nice isn't it
this will also inculcate reading habits
primarily in children
through this idea reading habit in
children can be nurtured at very early
stage
and that is why these book zones mostly
have children books they also have
comics
although they also have books for adults
one thing must be popping
up in your head right now that how this
can be sustained the books would be
missing overnight
or maybe the glass of the shelf will be
shattered very soon
but surprisingly as per the feedback of
the library that is running these book
zones in kerala
these public bookshelves are running
hassle free
one important reason is they are
sponsored by local residents
when you have local ownership then asset
management is always better
this is also a very good governance idea
to popularize reading habit and also
improve
the interest of people in books
now let us see question for the day the
answer to yesterday's question for the
day
would be c yesterday's question was
which of the following countries are not
members of asean
runway cambodia indonesia china pakistan
shouldn't be difficult for you china and
pakistan are not the member of asean
no problem at all let us see a question
for today
which of the following happened during
the tenure of prime minister pv
narasimha rao
unveiling of look east policy pokharan
test
enactment of foreign exchange management
act establishment of full-fledged
diplomatic relationship with israel your
options are
one only one for only one three and four
only
or all of the above with this we have
come to the end of the discussion
i hope you'll solve the dns quiz thank
you very much for listening to me
goodbye take care