September 9 1976 one minute past
midnight Chinese premier Mao Zedong was
about to sleep but he is insomnia which
meant he had trouble sleeping so he took
a trip down memory lane remember the
time when he kills havena million of his
own people through various means you
remember the time you tried to give ten
million Chinese humans to the US you
remember this relationship with Gen Bleu
and the 14 year old girl at that time
[Laughter]
[Music]
before you get us both killed
oh whoops he's dead the very next
morning there was a political crisis in
China
Emmett disguises a man rose to power
dank shaping Deng shaping became the de
facto leader of cyanine 22nd December
1978 but before that from 9th September
1976 to 22nd December 1978 he worker
Fang was the de facto leader
yeah but screw him in shaping was kind
of a different guy
[Music]
vice premier to the United sites of work
he wanted to reform the Chinese economy
so he did just that within several years
China's direction to complete for native
its reforms aim to decrease the role of
state in economy and gradually into his
private forms of production in
agriculture and industry so by 1981 73
percent of total firms had been legal
activists an 80 percent of state-owned
enterprises were permitted to retain
profits within a few years production
increased by leaps and bounds poverty
was reduced substantially so everything
about Chinese economy was going great
Soto Tang shaping but not so much the
Chinese people before the 80s state
mandatory pricing system was a thing now
after the reforms fluctuation on price
of goods became a thing but there was a
problem shortage of goods if your firm
limit economic scene you might notice
fluctuating prices and shortage of goods
doesn't go along well together so as an
end result inflation became a major
problem by app Little Dippers lays in
Beijing
we did I need a son a 1988 and most of
the state and the prices were pressured
to cut cause to be profitable and this
threaten social benefits such as job
security medical care and subsidized
housing
moreover Chinese government spent
billions of its own money in opening up
universities are these universities did
not produce enough graduates to meet the
new market demands and corruption and
nepotism was a major problem in the 80s
now enters 1986
a new foe appears for the Chinese
Communist Party easy astrophysics
professor Fang Li XI would return from
Princeton University and began touring
China he advocated for human rights
democracy capitalism
and Western ideas and thank was popular
among Chinese university graduates and
thanks recorded speech began widely
circulating all over China but then
shall being called replying worshipper
of Western ideas and in December 1986
inspired by Fang student demonstrated
stage protests against the Chinese
Communist Party this protesters wanted
freedom democracy and capitalism and
human rights but it's China you ain't
gonna get any of that in response to
this protest Chinese Communist Party
said general secretary heliopause on
16th January 1987 a popular figure among
Chinese protesters and he supported the
protesters and advocated for
liberalisation
but on April 15 1989 urea bomb died of
an heart attack the most influential
heart attack in the history of China if
ma was heart attack is not taken into
consideration when Hugh bomb died
students reacted strongly
the biggest student demonstration this
week in China was tonight tens of
thousands of students jammed Tiananmen
Square in Beijing demanding more freedom
just hours before an official ceremony
to honor who yell bang he is the former
communist party leader and reformist who
is revered by the students and when he
died of natural causes a week ago these
demonstrations began
most of them believed his death was
related to his fourth resignation small
gathering supermoon hue began on 15
April at the an immense coil on same day
students from different universities
during the gathering in Tiananmen Square
starting on the night of 17 April 3,000
Peking University students marched from
the campus toward see an immense coil
and so nearly thousand joined upon
arrival this one joined forces with
those already gathered at the square as
its I screw the gathering gradually
world India broadest a students began to
draft a list of suggestion for the
government few of them are as follows
number one a firm here bonds views on
democracy and freedom as correct
number two English funding for education
number three end restrictions on
demonstrations number four publish
information on income of state leaders
and the family members and so on as
night became day 17 became 18 April that
he must happen students remained in the
skirt listened to speeches very student
organizers on the evening of 21st April
around hundred thousand students marched
on Tiananmen Square and on 22nd April
state funeral of few a bomb took place
even though the funeral was a bit worse
dead as it only lasted 40 minutes after
the funeral three students show Yong Jun
go - and Shaanxi own standing wizards
and was made a brief emotional speech
demanding the Premier Li to emerge but
premier ignore them that even in serious
rioting broke out cars and houses were
destroyed she also looted all 350 people
who were understood
Sencha washi and abuse is a successor of
you here bum aka the new general
secretary of Communist Party he stressed
three points with the Politburo number
one discourage students from protest
number two use all measures to combat
writing number three open dialogue with
students but primarily been called upon
shahe to condemn the protesters
recognize a need to take more serious
action but shy about his merciless views
and went on a state visit to North Korea
on 24th April leaping and Politburo met
with Beijing party secretary
Li Shimin and mayor to change it on to
gorge the situation at the school the
municipal officials found a regular
solution and frame the protest as a
conspiracy to overthrow join his
political system and major party leaders
on 25th April president young Sock'em
and Premier Li met with Deng shellping
welding and those and hardline stance
and set an appropriate warning must be
disseminated so mass media so on 26
April the party official newspaper
people still he should a front-page
editorial titled
it's necessary to take clear-cut stand
against his servants s and branded the
student moment to be an entire party and
a government revolution on 27th April
some 50,000 100,000 students from all
Beijing universities marched through the
streets of the capital to the elements
where they received widespread support
along the way particularly from factory
workers what courses they April 26
editorial the stunning success of the
March for square one money into making
concessions and meeting with student
leaders now the falling dogs achieved
few results on April 30th Shalva cm
returned from
career in his view the hardline approach
was not working and concession was the
only alternative social was suppressed
to report the movement positively and he
delivered two sympathetic speeches on
3rd and 4th May respectively in this
vigil Shawa said the student movement
was patriotic in nature this feature
essentially negated the message
presented on 26th april editorial while
some 100,000 students marched on the
streets of Beijing on may 4th to
commemorate the may 4th movement
fast forward to the tenth day two days
before the highly publicized state visit
of Mikhail Gorbachev knowing that the
welcoming ceremony for Gorbachev Bashir
Delta PL don't spoil student leaders
wanted to use a hunger strike
therefore to force a government into
meeting their demands
moreover the hunger strike gained
widespread sympathy from general
population and earned the student
movement the more high ground that it
sought by the afternoon of 13th May
around 300,000 were gathering at the
skirt inspired by this even protests
began in other cities all across China
and many students traveled to Beijing to
join the demonstration afraid that the
movement would spin out of control
- I ping Oscar to be cleared for
Gorbachev's visit executing Deng shaping
slickers shower again used soft approach
and directed his subordinates to
coordinate negotiations his students
immediately on the morning of 13th May
Jung Mienfoo
head of the Communist Party's United
Front called an emergency meeting
gathering prominent student leaders and
intellectuals including Lucia Abel
change shaming and doom devil you said
the government was prepared to hold
immediate dialogue with the student
representatives at the Tiananmen welcome
Jennifer Gorbachev will be canceled
whether the students withdraw or not
ineffective removing the bargaining
power the student thought they possessed
on May 14th intellectuals led by the
i-ching gained permission from hukill to
bypass government censorship and our
progressive use of Nations intellectuals
the intellectuals and he showed an
urgent appeal for students who leave the
square in an attempt to de-escalate the
conflict but many students believe the
intellectuals are speaking for the
government so they refuse to leave the
students remained in the sky during
Gorbachev visit before we move on with
his I like to give you a thing or two
about the science of it submit it was
the first of its kind in some 30 years
it was seen as a breakthrough of
tremendous historical second officials
for the Chinese leaders however it's
smooth proceedings were derailed by
student movement creating a major
embarrassment for the leadership on a
global stage meanwhile hunger strikes
galvanize support for the student and
arouse sympathy across the country
around a million beijing residents
demonstrated from 17th and 18th May
after the departure of Gorbachev many
foreign journalists remained in the
Chinese capital to cover the protests
giving the moment the international
spotlight the situation seemed
intractable so the wait on taking
decisive action fell on paramount leader
Deng shaping so 7/8 way during the
Politburo meeting share abortions
concession based strategy was heavily
criticized then shaping planting most
martial law and his editor more troops
into Beijing on the evening on 17th May
at the Politburo meeting
shabanam she was ready to take leave as
he was against imposing of martial law
either way martial law was imposed and
Ian Jenkin vice chairman of Central
Military Commission when to comply
similarly to move in the capital in the
early morning of
chou-heung went to the annual score in
what became his final effort at 4:50
a.m. showers yang made a speech with a
bullhorn to the crowd of students urging
the students to end their hunger strike
his speech is linked down below in the
description if you are interested
showers emotional speech was uploaded by
some students it could be his last
public appearance on the same day
Politburo met with military leaders and
party elders in that meeting Deng said
martial law was the only option at that
meeting Deng also declared that he was
mistaken in choosing showers she and and
Huey our promises successors a result or
removal from his position as general
secretary so stay tuned for next part
where the animates core protests turns
to a massacre