hi this tutorial is the first in a series about the anatomy of the kidney
now the main function of the kidneys is to filter blood and produce urine and
the anatomy of the kidney is really important because it is an area where
structure relates closely to function in this video we'll be looking at the
kidney from a macroscopic level but in later videos will look at the net fonz
and the glomeruli at a microscopic level so far
ball I'm going to draw a kidney that's been cutting hard so we can see the
structures within the kidney
let's start from the outside moving inward
first of all we have the brain of capsule which is a fibrous coating of
the kidding
within the capsule there are two major divisions within the kidney this outside
layer we call the cortex and this inside layer we call the medulla and
macroscopically we can see these renal pyramids which is slightly darker than
the surrounding cortex and we can also see these renal columns which separate
the pyramids from one another these columns carry blood vessels to the
cortex the urine
is Carrie
maltu Buell's called collecting ducts which run down through the rainbow
pyramids and then through the rain'll papilla which is where the pyramids make
the minor kyla sees
this is a minor calyx here
the urine then flows from the minor Kelsey's to the major Kelsey's which in
turn empty into the renal pelvis the urine in the rain'll pelvis then flows
to the ureter which then flows to the bladder
the last thing we need to look at here is the blood supply to and from the
kidney
so we have the renal artery bring blood to the kidney and the renal vein taking
blood from the kidney the area where the renal artery the renal vein and the
ureter enter the kidney is called the Highland and surrounding the hilum we
find Perry neff Rukh fat in the next video we're going to take a microscopic
look at the kidney and check out the nephrons which are the main functional
unit of the kidney for more free tutorials and the PDF for this tutorial
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