1 00:00:03,147 --> 00:00:05,283 在上一集中 我们了解到 Previously, we saw how animals 2 00:00:05,284 --> 00:00:08,597 动物远比我们想象的聪明得多 are smarter than we ever thought possible. 3 00:00:12,620 --> 00:00:14,162 它们会使用工具 They use tools. 4 00:00:15,291 --> 00:00:17,005 解开谜题 Solve puzzles. 5 00:00:17,947 --> 00:00:21,785 它们甚至在数字记忆测试者击败了人类 And can even beat humans in a numbers and memory test. 6 00:00:21,786 --> 00:00:23,148 这太荒唐了 This is ridiculous. 7 00:00:24,125 --> 00:00:27,468 我叫莉斯·波恩尼 是名科学家 I'm Liz Bonnin, a scientist who's been travelling the world 8 00:00:27,469 --> 00:00:30,246 我与世界各地的聪明的动物会面 meeting the greatest animal minds. 9 00:00:30,998 --> 00:00:34,268 动物们的聪明才智常常令我大吃一惊 And their intellect has astounded me. 10 00:00:35,339 --> 00:00:37,672 太壮观了 This is spectacular. 11 00:00:39,132 --> 00:00:41,417 而在这一集中 我们将更进一步 But this time we're raising the stakes. 12 00:00:41,417 --> 00:00:43,170 快看啊 Oh, look at this. 13 00:00:43,516 --> 00:00:46,691 简直太不同寻常了 This is so special. Ha ha ha! 14 00:00:46,692 --> 00:00:50,596 你一定会大享其乐 大为震惊 Prepare to be entertained, and amazed. 15 00:00:52,084 --> 00:00:53,877 真是令我折服 That totally blew me away. 16 00:00:54,589 --> 00:00:57,693 高科技的不断发展将告诉我们 Cutting-edge science is now revealing how animals 17 00:00:57,694 --> 00:00:59,154 动物们如何沟通 communicate, 18 00:00:59,835 --> 00:01:01,340 如何合作 co-operate, 19 00:01:01,782 --> 00:01:04,659 甚至如何向我们倾诉它们的感受 and even tell us how they're feeling. 20 00:01:04,660 --> 00:01:07,414 我也想追着你 挠你痒痒 I want to chase and tickle with you too! 21 00:01:11,052 --> 00:01:16,266 小动物大智慧 22 00:01:21,368 --> 00:01:22,815 远在这颗星球的另一侧 Right across the planet, 23 00:01:22,816 --> 00:01:26,368 随着动物的歌声 地球也在不断地律动 the Earth beats to the sound of animal song. 24 00:01:28,319 --> 00:01:31,832 那是个拥有上百万种声音的庞大合唱团 A chorus sung in a million different tongues. 25 00:01:34,208 --> 00:01:35,462 若想和谐共处 To live in harmony, 26 00:01:35,463 --> 00:01:38,768 动物之间必须能够进行交流与沟通 animals need to be able to talk to each other. 27 00:01:41,945 --> 00:01:43,868 在拥挤而嘈杂的尘世之中 And in a world this crowded, 28 00:01:44,037 --> 00:01:47,119 这种动物之间的交流 对脑力要求颇高 that requires serious brainpower. 29 00:01:47,863 --> 00:01:50,007 地球上最聪明的动物 The smartest animals on the planet 30 00:01:50,007 --> 00:01:52,343 恰恰是那些最喜群居的动物 are also some of the most social, 31 00:01:52,344 --> 00:01:54,922 而要想在群体中过上幸福的生活 and to be successful in a social world, 32 00:01:54,922 --> 00:01:57,074 学会交流至关重要 communication is key. 33 00:01:57,088 --> 00:01:58,844 我们不妨想象一下 Now, imagine if we could 34 00:01:58,844 --> 00:02:02,512 用其他物种的语言去与它们进行对话 communicate with another species in its own language. 35 00:02:02,513 --> 00:02:04,403 尽管我们尚未掌握这种技巧 We haven't quite mastered that yet, 36 00:02:04,403 --> 00:02:07,690 可有一种在我们身边生活了 but there is one animal that's been living right by our side 37 00:02:07,691 --> 00:02:10,164 好几百年的动物 竟能够理解 for centuries, that's learnt to understand 38 00:02:10,164 --> 00:02:13,136 与其母语迥然相异的语言 a completely different language to its own. 39 00:02:17,048 --> 00:02:18,470 狗是人类最好的朋友 Man's best friend, 40 00:02:18,470 --> 00:02:20,263 尽管它们有着不同的种类和大小 in all its shapes and sizes, 41 00:02:20,264 --> 00:02:23,120 却一直在人类历史中扮演举足轻重的角色 has played an important part in our history, 42 00:02:24,649 --> 00:02:27,833 它们当过战斗英雄 也做过星际探险者 from war hero to galactic explorer. 43 00:02:27,028 --> 00:02:28,662 {\an8}宇宙国际新闻 《太空时代到来了》 44 00:02:32,916 --> 00:02:37,708 狗狗的智力似乎能与天公试比高（双关，求校对） In terms of a dog's intelligence, it seems the sky's the limit. 45 00:02:39,085 --> 00:02:40,265 而它们的聪明才智在田间地头 But how does being clever 46 00:02:40,265 --> 00:02:42,155 又发挥什么作用了呢 help them in the field? 47 00:02:44,544 --> 00:02:48,401 关键在于 狗狗很善于理解人类的言行 Well, it's a dog's ability to understand us that's key. 48 00:02:55,167 --> 00:02:57,727 两只顶级的牧羊犬 When you combine two champion sheepdogs, 49 00:02:57,728 --> 00:03:01,368 再加上一点奇思妙想 一切便皆有可能 and a touch of creative genius, anything's possible. 50 00:03:21,539 --> 00:03:23,711 好像还缺了点东西 But there's just one thing missing. 51 00:03:25,856 --> 00:03:27,654 再撒上一点好吃的 Add a little bit of food... 52 00:03:30,734 --> 00:03:32,213 大功告成啦 and voila! 53 00:03:37,967 --> 00:03:40,783 为何狗狗的这种行为能证明它们很聪明呢 So how does this demonstrate intelligence? 54 00:03:41,878 --> 00:03:43,101 仔细想一想 你就会明白 When you think about it, 55 00:03:43,102 --> 00:03:46,653 这些牧羊犬就相当于学会了一门外语 sheepdogs are essentially learning a foreign language. 56 00:03:46,654 --> 00:03:48,822 我们所说的"左转弯" "Come by to the left" in verbal 57 00:03:48,823 --> 00:03:51,766 转化为哨声就是... and transferred to a whistle would be pppppshssh. 58 00:03:52,015 --> 00:03:55,527 而"向右转"转化为哨声就是... The basic command "To the right" would be phhhhewwww. 59 00:03:56,239 --> 00:03:58,479 "停下"的哨音是... "Stop" would be psssoutwit, 60 00:03:59,095 --> 00:04:01,783 而"继续前进"的哨音则是... and "Walk on" would be phew phew phew. 61 00:04:03,456 --> 00:04:05,199 最基本的发号施令因不同的哨音 The whistle allows the basics 62 00:04:05,199 --> 00:04:07,718 而变得变化万端 to become surprisingly complex. 63 00:04:09,406 --> 00:04:10,805 如果我想让牧羊犬往左边跑 If I wanted the dog to go left 64 00:04:10,805 --> 00:04:15,147 但不要跑得太远 我就会发出这种声音 and only a small left, it's like, psshh, it would be that, 65 00:04:15,147 --> 00:04:17,270 而如果我想让牧羊犬跑远一些 if I wanted him a lot further and whatever, like, 66 00:04:17,270 --> 00:04:19,934 我发出的哨音就会更长 更响 I'd have to emphasize it in terms phhhhewwwwww, 67 00:04:19,934 --> 00:04:22,534 以此达到强调的目的 would be a lot longer and harder. 68 00:04:24,983 --> 00:04:27,674 牧羊犬能够解开哨音背后的寓意 The ability to decode this language 69 00:04:27,674 --> 00:04:29,755 因此 它们可以明白 allows sheepdogs to understand 70 00:04:29,755 --> 00:04:33,774 人类朋友究竟想让它们去往哪个方向 the exact direction, speed and level of urgency 71 00:04:33,774 --> 00:04:36,092 希望它们跑得多快 事情有多紧急 required by their two-legged friend. 72 00:04:36,093 --> 00:04:37,396 就是这样 干得好 That'll do, that'll do. 73 00:04:38,838 --> 00:04:41,182 而这样一来 人和狗之间的协作 Which enables one man and his dog 74 00:04:41,183 --> 00:04:43,526 达到了天衣无缝的地步 to work as a single unit. 75 00:04:48,718 --> 00:04:50,581 那么 经过不间断的训练 But with a lifetime of training, 76 00:04:50,582 --> 00:04:53,752 牧羊犬一生究竟能够明白多少词的意思呢 just how many words can a sheepdog learn? 77 00:04:57,340 --> 00:04:58,797 盯着猪小姐 Watch Miss Piggy. 78 00:04:59,276 --> 00:05:00,763 盯着猪小姐 Watch Miss Piggy. 79 00:05:02,220 --> 00:05:06,051 心理学教授John Pilley很想知道 Psychology Professor John Pilley wanted to find out. 80 00:05:06,108 --> 00:05:07,291 干得好 干得漂亮 Good girl, good girl. 81 00:05:07,292 --> 00:05:11,636 七年前他收了一位出色的学生 名叫Chaser And seven years ago he found the perfect student - Chaser. 82 00:05:14,811 --> 00:05:16,656 利用这一箱箱玩具 Using crateloads of toys, 83 00:05:16,656 --> 00:05:18,530 John和他的同事们设计出了一项 John and his colleagues have devised 84 00:05:18,531 --> 00:05:22,115 创意十足的 关于犬类智商的研究课题 a groundbreaking study of canine intelligence. 85 00:05:26,045 --> 00:05:27,305 所有的玩具都有自己的名字 All the toys have names, 86 00:05:27,305 --> 00:05:30,116 每次John都任意抽取八个 and John's picked eight at random. 87 00:05:32,668 --> 00:05:35,114 Chase 我们来玩一局吧 Chase, let's play some. 88 00:05:35,115 --> 00:05:37,829 Chase 去把Punt找出来 给我Punt Chase, find Punt, go get Punt. 89 00:05:38,043 --> 00:05:39,466 没错 P...P...Punt Right, P...P... Punt. 90 00:05:39,467 --> 00:05:43,235 好 叼过来 放在盒里 干得漂亮 Good, do it. Yeah, in tub. Yeah, good girl. 91 00:05:43,236 --> 00:05:45,700 Chase 把Roach叼过来 Chase, find Roach, find Roach. 92 00:05:46,069 --> 00:05:48,771 John一眼都不看毯子上摆放的玩具 John never looks at the toys on the mat, 93 00:05:48,772 --> 00:05:50,547 因此 只有真正听懂了John的话 so to pick the right object, 94 00:05:50,548 --> 00:05:53,754 Chaser才能找到正确的那样玩具 Chaser has to actually understand what he's saying. 95 00:05:53,755 --> 00:05:55,154 帮爸爸把Wow找来吧 Pop-Pop wants Wow. 96 00:05:57,276 --> 00:06:00,196 没错 这就是Wow 放进盒子里吧 Yeah, there's Wow, in tub, in tub. 97 00:06:02,572 --> 00:06:07,657 Chaser已能区别116个球 26个飞盘 Chaser already knows the names of 116 balls, 26 Frisbees, 98 00:06:07,657 --> 00:06:10,612 以及超过800个布制玩具的名字了 and over 800 cloth animals. 99 00:06:12,220 --> 00:06:15,820 那么她能不能一下子就学会一个新名字呢 But can she learn a new word in just one go? 100 00:06:17,339 --> 00:06:19,124 我们对她进行了测试 We've put her to the test. 101 00:06:20,381 --> 00:06:23,194 毯子上摆放着五件Chaser熟识的玩具 On the mat are five items Chaser knows, 102 00:06:23,195 --> 00:06:25,932 以及一件她从未见过的玩具 and one new one that she's never seen. 103 00:06:27,293 --> 00:06:31,955 Chase 帮我把Meow找来 Chase, find Meow, find Meow, find Meow, 104 00:06:32,246 --> 00:06:34,918 去吧 去吧 照我说的做 do it girl, do it, do it, do it, girl. 105 00:06:34,979 --> 00:06:36,351 把Meow叼过来给老爸 Bring it to Pop-Pop. 106 00:06:36,619 --> 00:06:40,170 完成任务需要进行极其复杂的逻辑分析 This task involves highly complex logic. 107 00:06:40,171 --> 00:06:43,154 Chaser从未学习过这个词汇 The new word isn't in Chaser's vocabulary, 108 00:06:43,155 --> 00:06:44,826 所以她必须想明白 so she has to understand 109 00:06:44,827 --> 00:06:47,279 这个词汇可能对应着意见陌生的玩具 that it might refer to an unfamiliar object. 110 00:06:47,280 --> 00:06:48,679 照我说的做 Do it, girl, do it. 111 00:06:49,423 --> 00:06:52,535 Chase 帮我把Meow找来 Chase, get Meow, I want Meow, do it, girl, do it. 112 00:06:52,536 --> 00:06:53,627 快点 Right now. 113 00:06:53,632 --> 00:06:55,716 她需要运用排除法 By a process of elimination, 114 00:06:55,716 --> 00:06:59,721 找出她从未见过的那件玩具 she has to work out which object she's never seen before. 115 00:07:06,121 --> 00:07:07,832 把Meow叼过来 快点 Get Meow, do it, do it. 116 00:07:08,737 --> 00:07:10,855 对 这就是Meow 到这儿来 There's Meow - come here, come here, 117 00:07:10,856 --> 00:07:13,414 干得真不赖 你真棒 that's good, good girl, good girl. 118 00:07:13,415 --> 00:07:15,343 仅仅试验了一次之后 After only one trial, 119 00:07:15,344 --> 00:07:17,883 这件新玩具以及"Meow"这个声音 the new toy and the sound "Meow" 120 00:07:17,884 --> 00:07:19,975 就已深深地烙印在她的脑海之中 are logged in her brain. 121 00:07:22,967 --> 00:07:24,510 这证明了一件事 And it just goes to show, 122 00:07:24,510 --> 00:07:27,366 老狗还是能学会新把戏的（双关，求校对） you can teach an old dog new tricks. 123 00:07:30,288 --> 00:07:32,957 在野生条件下 犬类聪敏的心智 In the wild, this mental dexterity 124 00:07:32,957 --> 00:07:35,518 使得它们频繁地相互进行交流 allows dogs to communicate with each other, 125 00:07:35,518 --> 00:07:37,938 而这意味着 在日常生活中遇到的问题 which means the problems of everyday life 126 00:07:37,939 --> 00:07:39,575 它们会一同解决 are solved together. 127 00:07:42,950 --> 00:07:44,349 而且它们永远不会孤单 And they're not alone. 128 00:07:49,604 --> 00:07:52,268 博茨瓦那现在正是干季 在烈日炎炎下 In the heat of Botswana's dry season, 129 00:07:52,269 --> 00:07:53,972 每只动物要想生存下去 都需为自己 every animal needs to find 130 00:07:53,972 --> 00:07:56,712 补充足够的食物和水分 enough food and water to survive. 131 00:07:58,447 --> 00:07:59,899 而体型越大的动物则需要 And the larger you are, 132 00:07:59,899 --> 00:08:01,935 到越遥远的地方寻找食物和水源 the further you have to travel. 133 00:08:06,415 --> 00:08:10,511 非洲象每天需要摄入200升水 African elephants need to find 200 litres of water 134 00:08:10,512 --> 00:08:14,727 以及150千克食物 and 150 kilos of food every single day, 135 00:08:14,728 --> 00:08:17,512 要找足这些绝非易事 which out here is no mean feat. 136 00:08:19,231 --> 00:08:22,357 生态学家Mike Chase博士答应带我 Ecologist Dr Mike Chase has offered to show me 137 00:08:22,358 --> 00:08:25,055 去领略一下非洲象的觅食多么具有挑战性 the immensity of this challenge. 138 00:08:33,807 --> 00:08:36,326 只有当你居高临下之时 It's only when you're up here that you realise 139 00:08:36,327 --> 00:08:38,382 才能感受到这片土地是多么广袤无垠 the scale of this landscape, 140 00:08:38,383 --> 00:08:42,006 的确有一些水塘点缀其间 and, yes, there is water peppering it, 141 00:08:42,687 --> 00:08:46,110 从这个高度看下去 你就会明白 but from up here you realise how difficult it is to find 142 00:08:46,111 --> 00:08:48,071 无论是找水还是觅食 not only water but certainly 143 00:08:48,159 --> 00:08:50,007 对于大象来说 都是如此艰难 all the other food that they need to find. 144 00:08:51,039 --> 00:08:54,158 实在是一片无边无际的草原 It's a huge, huge landscape. 145 00:08:59,263 --> 00:09:02,757 那么 沟通交流与纯粹的脑力活动 So how can communication and sheer brainpower 146 00:09:02,757 --> 00:09:05,103 如何能解决这一巨大的难题呢 solve this mammoth problem? 147 00:09:18,383 --> 00:09:22,054 十余年来 Mike跟踪记录下了二十余头 For over a decade, Mike has tracked scores of elephants 148 00:09:22,055 --> 00:09:23,783 大象史诗般的觅食历程 on their epic journeys. 149 00:09:26,294 --> 00:09:28,294 根据他的GPS记录下的数据 His GPS data is revealing 150 00:09:28,295 --> 00:09:31,590 我们可以看到 象群全凭记忆 how herds rely on memory to locate water 151 00:09:31,591 --> 00:09:34,014 去找寻它们之前找到过的水源地和草场 and food sources that they may have visited 152 00:09:34,014 --> 00:09:37,016 就算那个地方它们仅在数十年前去过一回 only once before, decades ago. 153 00:09:36,184 --> 00:09:47,544 {\an8}那米比亚 津巴布韦 博茨瓦纳 154 00:09:38,782 --> 00:09:42,199 象群由最年长也最聪慧的母象带领 And they're led by the oldest and wisest female - 155 00:09:42,199 --> 00:09:43,560 我们称其为女族长 the matriarch. 156 00:09:45,840 --> 00:09:48,053 随着女族长年龄的增长 Now, the older a matriarch gets, 157 00:09:48,054 --> 00:09:49,015 她的头脑中所积累的信息也愈加丰富 the more information she