冰 冻 星 球 Ⅱ
在地球最南端 At the far south of our planet
有着世界上环境恶劣至极的冰冻大地 lies the most hostile of the Earth's frozen lands.
南极洲 Antarctica.
此地的气温可降至摄氏零下80度 Here, temperatures can fall to below minus 80 degrees Celsius...
疾风高达时速两百英里 ...and winds blow up to 200mph.
其冰冻中心几乎全无生命 Its icy centre is almost devoid of life.
可是在南极洲的边缘 But on the edge of Antarctica,
有些生物不仅找到了 some creatures find a way
生存之法，而且欣欣向荣 not just to survive, but to flourish.
此处汇聚的丰富生命是 Here are some of the greatest concentrations of life
地球上其他地方所不及 to be found anywhere on Earth.
冰 冻 南 方
南极洲这座大陆位在地球最南端 The continent of Antarctica lies at the southern end of the globe.
面积是澳洲的两倍 Twice the size of Australia,
是地球上最大也最冷的一片土地 it's the largest, coldest expanse of land on the planet.
然而在其北方，跨越一千英里的海洋 To the north of it, however, across 1,000 miles of ocean,
就是次南极群岛 lie the subantarctic islands,
环境对于生命的恶劣程度较低 where conditions are somewhat less hostile to life.
其中最大的是南乔治亚岛 The largest of them is South Georgia.
在这里全年都有一百万只帝企鹅生活繁衍 Here, a million king penguins live and breed the year round.
企鹅母亲在出海一个月后返回 A mother has returned after a month at sea...
为它饥饿的幼鸟搜罗食物 ...collecting food for her hungry chick.
幼鸟在十个月大时的体型，如同人类幼儿 At ten months old, chicks are the size of a human toddler,
身上只有薄薄一层绒毛 and covered in no more than a downy fleece.
在幼鸟长出防水羽毛前，无法自行下海 Until they get their waterproof feathers, they themselves cannot go to sea...
因此完全要仰赖父母带回食物 ...so they have to rely totally on their parents to bring them food.
它们的相处时间短暂 Their time together is brief -
只够让它吐出捕获的鱼和乌贼 just long enough to disgorge her crop of fish and squid.
时间飞逝 All too soon,
父母又得回到海中继续觅食 parents have to return to sea to collect more.
可是回到海上需要好几个小时 But getting back there can take several hours.
数百对父母结伴往返 Hundreds of parents make the commute together.
鸟喙也能当作冰凿使用 A beak can be used as an ice-pick
以越过途中较陡的路段 to negotiate the steeper parts of their trek.
这段白雪覆盖的漫漫长路 This mile-long snow-covered trudge
对这个族群来说绝无仅有 is unique to this colony,
而且前所未见 and has never been seen before.
终于来到了大海 At last, the sea.
在陆上停留数日后，它们的羽毛需要清洗 After several days on land, their feathers need washing to be ready
准备好展开接下来多日的游泳 for the long days of swimming that lie ahead.
可是此地不宜久留 But this is a dangerous place to loiter.
豹斑海豹 Leopard seals.
身长三公尺 Three metres long,
体型是帝企鹅的至少三倍大 more than three times the size of a king penguin,
这些可怕的猎人通常独来独往 these fearsome hunters are usually solitary.
但每年这个时节，在这处海湾 But at this time of the year,
会出现多达三十只 in this bay, there are as many as 30 of them.
假使这些企鹅以为上岸就能安全 If these penguins think that they're safe on land...
那它们就错了 ...they are mistaken.
随便一只硕大海豹，一天就能抓到多达十只企鹅 Any one of these huge seals can take as many as ten penguins a day.
它们聚在一起的生存机会最大 Their best chance is to stay with the crowd.
数量多才安全 There's safety in numbers.
成功了 Made it.
一个月后却又要返回 Only to return in a month's time...
再次与死亡正面交手 ...and once again face death head-on.
这着实是身为父母者，所要面对的最大挑战 This is surely one of the greatest challenges faced by any parent.
在南极洲大陆东岸的一千五百英里外 1,500 miles off the continent's east coast
还有另一个很小的前哨站 lies another of the tiny outposts
对于南极野生动物的生存至关重要 that are vital for the survival of Antarctic wildlife.
次南极群岛的安蒂波德斯岛 The Sub-Antarctic Islands of the Antipodes.
春天，较长的白昼将岛上任何一丁点空地 In spring, the longer days turn each tiny speck of land
都变成可能的繁殖场 into a potential breeding ground...
等待澳洲漂泊信天翁 ...for the Antipodean wandering albatross.
它的翼展有三公尺，是所有鸟类中最大 Its wings are three metres across, amongst the biggest of any bird.
这只14岁的雄鸟 This 14-year-old male
性成熟已经足以开始挑选伴侣 is now mature enough to start selecting a partner.
对体型较小、体色较深的雌鸟来说 For the smaller, darker female,
挑选合适的交配对象同样重要 choosing a suitable mate is of equal importance.
毕竟它们可能要共度往后的50年 After all, they may stay together for the next 50 years.
为了做出这个重大决定 To make this crucial decision,
它们会使用所有海鸟中，最繁复的求偶仪式 they use one of the most elaborate courtship rituals of any sea bird.
首先雄鸟会面向天空 He begins by sky-pointing.
似乎奏效了 It seems to be working.
接着它会尝试一种舞步 Next, he attempts a move...
就是所谓的“双鸟点头” ...known as the double head-bob.
结尾就是成败关键 The finale is the real decider.
同步展翅 Synchronised wing-spreading.
雌鸟似乎心动了 She seems impressed.
可是另一只雄鸟突然出现 But another male appears...
还炫耀它的翅膀 ...and shows off his wings.
翼展越大就越有吸引力 The greater the span, the more attractive he could be.
可是第一只雄鸟，不会容忍对手来搅局 But the first male won't tolerate a rival cutting in.
此时却又有一位挑战者加入竞争 Yet another hopeful joins in the competition.
又来一位 And another.
这可不是什么比舞大会 This was not supposed to be a dance-off.
雌鸟喜欢一次一个舞伴 She prefers one tango at a time.
看来今年它终究无法如愿以偿 It seems that this is not going to be his year after all.
然而它已引起另一只信天翁的注意 But he's caught the eye of another albatross.
它再次展开求偶演出 Once again, he begins his courtship display.
可是这只其实也是雄鸟 But this is, in fact, another male.
尽管如此，它仍持续展现自己的条件 Regardless, he continues to demonstrate his eligibility.
这一位依然有可能是它共度余生的对象 This could still be the one with whom he will share the rest of his life.
在安蒂波德斯岛，这种情况越来越常见 On the Antipodes Islands, it's becoming increasingly common.
如今雄鸟的数量是雌鸟的三倍 Today, there are three times as many males as females.
雌鸟觅食的范围比雄鸟更往北 Females feed further north than the males,
在这片水域有工业捕鱼船队 in waters used by industrial fishing fleets
造成大量海鸟被捕捉溺死 that catch and drown great numbers of sea birds.
结果导致此地的雌性信天翁数量正在锐减 As a result, the female albatross here is now declining fast.
这样的同性伴侣结合 A same-sex partnership like this
或许无法带来生存优势 may bring no survival advantage...
但显然胜过孤独一生 ...but is apparently preferable to a life alone.
在南极洲众多孤岛上，能发现丰沛的生命 The wealth of life found around Antarctica's lonely islands
证明了周边水域的富饶程度 is evidence of the richness of the waters that surround them.
南冰洋 The Southern Ocean.
或许状似凶险 It may appear treacherous.
凛冽狂风更吹出强劲海流 Its gale-force winds certainly create powerful currents.
然而这些动荡却有着重要功效 But all this stirring has an important effect.
能将深处的养分带到海面 It brings up nutrients from the depths,
催生出地球上最肥沃的海域 helping to create some of the richest seas on Earth.
这也为史上最大的动物提供了食物 And this provides food for the largest animal to have ever lived.
南极蓝鲸 The Antarctic blue whale.
身长超过三十公尺 It's more than 30 metres long...
过去却很少被拍摄到 ...but it's rarely been filmed before.
只有南冰洋能提供四吨的食物 Only the Southern Ocean can provide the four tonnes of food
满足这种最大型的鲸鱼每日所需 that the biggest of all blue whales needs every day.
这种海中巨兽被猎捕到近乎灭绝 This ocean giant was almost hunted to extinction,
然而多亏有商业捕鲸的国际禁令 but thanks to an international ban on commercial whaling,
它的数量正在增加 its numbers are now increasing.
越靠近南极洲大陆的海域 The closer the seas are to mainland Antarctica...
水温就越低 ...the colder they become...
直到海岸外的数百英里 ...until, a few hundred miles offshore,
海面完全冻结 the ocean's surface freezes solid.
形成一层海冰 It forms a cover of sea ice
面积是欧洲的两倍，环绕整座大陆 that is twice the size of Europe and encircles the entire continent.
这处据点 This is a stronghold
栖息着南极洲最了不起的住民之一 for one of Antarctica's most remarkable inhabitants.
它用牙齿啃咬，防止换气孔冻结 It uses its teeth to prevent its breathing holes from freezing over.
威德尔海豹 The Weddell seal.
在地球最南端繁衍的哺乳动物 The most southerly breeding mammal on the planet.
这只十天大的幼海豹，仍完全依赖母亲 This ten-day-old pup is still entirely dependent on his mother.
在冰层上或许能不受海洋掠食者的侵扰 Out on the ice,it may be safe from marine predators...
可是在出生的两周内 ...but within its first two weeks,
就必须冒险进入水下世界 it will have to venture into the underwater world
它的未来仰赖于此 upon which its future depends.
这是地球上最冰冷的水域 This is the coldest water on Earth.
因此不意外的是 So it's not surprising
小小的幼海豹需要一些鼓励 that a pup needs some encouragement.
现在该离开安全的换气孔了 It's time to leave the safety of the breathing hole.
为了能在捕到鱼后安全归来 To catch fish and then safely return,
这只幼海豹必须学会认路 this pup must learn how to find his way
在水下冰穴的迷宫中穿梭 through the maze of underwater ice caverns.
可是才刚过八分钟 But after just eight minutes...
母亲就示意应该返回 ...his mother signals that it's time to head back.
它能够闭气一个半小时 She can hold her breath for an hour and a half.
可是幼海豹已经疲倦，而且就快没气了 But he is already starting to tire and is running out of air.
在返回换气孔途中 On their way back to their breathing hole,
它们听见如同战斗机一般的巨响 they hear a sound as loud as a fighter jet.
这是重达半吨的雄性威德尔海豹的呼唤 It is the call of a half-tonne male Weddell seal
宣告着它正在寻找交配对象 announcing that he's on the lookout for a mate.
然而这只雌海豹仍在为幼海豹泌乳 She, however, is still producing milk for her pup,
因此还不到受孕期 and so isn't sexually receptive.
但雄海豹并未停止尝试 But he doesn't stop trying.
为了吓阻它求爱 To repel his advances,
雌海豹会先离开幼海豹 she leaves her pup's side.
可是幼海豹还无力在缺少母亲的帮助下 But the pup isn't strong enough
自行上岸 to haul himself out without his mother's help.
它试图击退成年雄海豹 She tries to fight off the adult male.
它已给雄海豹重重一击 She's wounded him so seriously
短时间内不太可能再回来 that he is unlikely to be back any time soon.
母亲的轻轻一推 A gentle nudge from Mother
就是疲惫的幼海豹 is all an exhausted pup needs
回到安全的海冰上唯一所需 to make it to the safety of the sea ice.
母亲会陪伴幼海豹六个星期 Mothers stay with their pups for six weeks,
届时它们就够强壮，可以保护自己 by which time they're strong enough to fend for themselves.
春天降临，海冰就会退缩 As spring arrives, the sea ice retreats,
南极洲海岸有少数几个，能接触到无冰海面 and in a few places, Antarctica's coast is exposed to the open sea.
这能引来各式各样的动物 And that attracts all kinds of animals.
在海上过冬之后 Having spent the winter at sea,
颊带企鹅现在总算能上岸繁衍 chinstrap penguins can now come ashore to breed.
很快地，海岸就挤得水泄不通 Soon, the coast becomes extremely crowded.
但还是有办法能维持社交距离 But there are ways to maintain social distance.
天啊 Oh, dear.
幼鸟在长到八周大之前 The chicks, until they're eight weeks old,
都要仰赖父母提供食物和关乎生死的体温 depend on their parents for food and, critically, warmth.
融化的水是一大问题 Meltwater is a particular problem.
幼鸟的羽毛还无法防水 The chicks' feathers are not yet waterproof.
弄湿就可能致命 Getting wet could be fatal.
父亲的职责就是帮幼鸟保持干燥 A father's duty is to keep his chicks high and dry...
使用唯一能取得的建材 ...using the only building material available.
石头 Stones.
而合适的石头更是珍贵难寻 And suitable ones are precious.
因此每一颗都务必要把握 So it's vital to hold on to every one.
就在转身背对时 But while backs are turned...
珍贵的藏品，遭到邻居迅速的掠夺 ...collections are readily plundered by neighbours.
身边有这样的盗贼 With thieves like these around...
那颗石头变得更加珍贵 ...that stone has just become even more valuable.
技能上的不足 What's lacking in skill...
就用坚持不懈来弥补 ...is made up for with persistence.
可是父母的辛苦也可能徒劳无功 But a parent's labours could be in vain.
现今记录到的夏季气温，高达摄氏18度 Summer temperatures have now been recorded as high as 18 degrees Celsius.
结果就是企鹅悉心堆起的平台 As a result, the penguins' carefully constructed platforms
正遭到淹没 are now being flooded.
融水量是前所未有地多 There is more meltwater than ever before...
地面渐渐变成泥淖 ...and the ground is becoming a quagmire.
在干燥时，隔绝寒冷能力优异的羽绒 Downy feathers, which are excellent insulation from the cold when dry,
潮湿时便毫无防御力 are no defence when wet.
失温悄悄来袭 Hypothermia sets in.
过去50年来 Over the last 50 years,
此地的颊带企鹅数量已经减少一半 the number of chinstraps here has dropped by half.
南极洲正在失去构筑其轮廓的重要元素 Antarctica is losing the very element that defines it.
冰 Ice.
如今消退的速度是原先的六倍 That is now diminishing six times faster than it once did.
南乔治亚岛上的纽梅耶冰河 Neumayer Glacier on South Georgia
短短20年间，就失去了近六英里长的冰 has lost nearly six miles of ice in just 20 years.
南极洲某些区域的暖化速度 Parts of Antarctica are warming faster than anywhere else
快过南半球任何一处 in the southern hemisphere.
对于生活在海岸上的动物 And that is having a serious effect
造成严重影响 on the animals that live on its coast,
像威德尔海豹 such as the Weddell seal.
由于海冰变少，有许多只能在陆上苦撑 With less sea ice available, many are now hauling out on land.
不只对它们造成问题 That's not just a problem for them...
同时还有专门猎捕它们的掠食者 ...but also for the predators that specialise in hunting them...
南极虎鲸的其中一个族群 ...one particular group of Antarctic killer whales,
数量多达一百头左右 100 or so animals strong.
虎鲸是人类以外，智慧最高的一种掠食者 Killer whales are among the most intelligent of all nonhuman predators.
它们正在研究要如何对付 And they're now working out how to tackle prey
不是威德尔海豹的猎物 that isn't a Weddell seal.
一只阿德利企鹅正在冰上休息 An Adelie penguin, resting on the ice.
对成年虎鲸来说只能算是点心 A mere snack for an adult killer whale...
却能让这群六岁的鲸鱼有机会 ...but it gives this group of six-year-olds
练习它们其中一种格外高明的狩猎技巧 a chance to practise one of their particularly ingenious hunting techniques.
波浪冲击 Wave-washing.
这种技巧需要练习至少15年，才能娴熟 A skill that takes at least 15 years to perfect.
首先虎鲸要评估潜在对象的体型与位置 First, the killer whales assess the size and position of a possible victim.
接着必须计算进行攻击所需的速度 They must then calculate the speed needed for an attack.
可是它们晚了一步 But they're too late.
尽管透过协调良好的摆尾 Even though a co-ordinated flick of their tails
能产生够大的波浪 creates a reasonable wave...
不能精准掌握时机也是惘然 ...it's nothing without precision timing.
由于在浮冰上休息的偏爱猎物威德尔海豹变少 With fewer of their favourite prey of Weddell seals resting on ice floes,
虎鲸现在别无选择 killer whales now have no choice
只能锁定新猎物 but to target new prey.
食蟹海豹 Crabeater seals.
数量高达五千万头 Numbering 15 million,
它们是地球上最多的海洋哺乳动物 they're the most abundant marine mammal on Earth.
但它们这个目标却比威德尔海豹 But they are a far more dangerous target...
更加危险 ...than a Weddell seal.
更强壮 Stronger...
也更勇于反击 ...and more inclined to fight back.
可是这个鲸群的每个成员 But each member of this pod
每日需要吃一头海豹 needs to eat a seal a day.
因此觅食的压力不小 So the pressure is on to feed.
领导它们的雌性族长，深知该如何因应 They're led by a matriarch who knows exactly what to do.
活了至少一百岁的它 Living 100 years or more,
有丰富的狩猎经验可供汲取 she has plenty of hunting experience to draw upon.
由于浮冰裂成两半 With the ice floe having broken in two,
海豹变得岌岌可危 the seals have become more vulnerable.
雌性族长现在将浮冰推向无冰水域 The matriarch now pushes the ice floe into open water
让下一波造成最大冲击 to give their next wave maximum impact.
这需要团队合作与精准度 This requires teamwork and precision.
它做出了最后计算 She makes her final calculations.
这头海豹只有一条路能逃出生天 This seal has only one way of escaping death.
不同于肌肉较少的威德尔海豹 Unlike the less muscular Weddell seal,
食蟹海豹有力量能够及时一跃出水 the crabeater has the strength to hurl itself out of the water just in time.
对虎鲸来说是白白浪费了力气 For the killer whales, it has been a significant waste of energy.
进食的急迫性现在更胜以往 Their need to eat is now greater than ever.
豹斑海豹 A leopard seal.
绝对是南极所有海豹中最凶猛的一种 By far the most ferocious of all Antarctica's seals.
这个鲸群是否胆敢对付它？ Dare this pod tackle him?
它是三公尺长的成鲸 He's a three-metre adult,
本身就是攻击性强的猎人 an aggressive hunter in his own right.
不习惯被虎鲸锁定 Unused to being targeted by killer whales...
这头豹斑海豹错估情势，离开安全的浮冰 ...the leopard seal makes the mistake of leaving the safety of the ice floe.
虎鲸小心翼翼地接近海豹 The killer whales approach the seal with utmost caution.
避开它那有力的牙齿，从尾巴将它擒拿 Keeping away from its powerful teeth, they seize it by its tail...
试图将它淹死 ...and try to drown it.
饥饿的少年可以先进食 The hungry youngsters get to feed first.
可是对付不熟悉的猎物具有风险 But tackling less-familiar prey is risky,
对于这些虎鲸来说，挨饿是真正的危机 and starvation is a real danger for these killer whales.
只有时间能说明，这些技巧高超的猎人 Only time will tell whether these skilful hunters can adjust quickly enough
能否及时适应，在这变化中的世界里存活 to survive in this changing world.
在南极洲富饶的海岸边缘之外 Beyond Antarctica's rich coastal fringes
有一片广大的冰冻腹地 lies a vast frozen interior.
这里绝对是地球上最不宜居的地方之一 This is certainly one of the most inhospitable places for life on Earth.
某些位置的冰帽厚达三英里 Its icecap, three miles thick in places,
存有地球上将近三分之二的淡水 holds almost two-thirds of the Earth's fresh water.
数百万年来所累积的降雪 The accumulation of snowfalls over millions of years
掩盖了广大的山脉，长度胜过喜马拉雅山 has bedded vast mountain ranges longer than the Himalayas.
能够被看见的只有山峰的尖端 All that can be seen of them is the tips of their peaks.
高达二十公尺的喷烟裂口 Smoking vents standing 20 metres tall
暗示着藏在冰原之下的火山作用 hint at the volcanicity that lies beneath the ice sheet.
近期发现二十多个先前所不知的火山 The recent discovery of more than 20 previously unknown volcanoes
说明南极洲是地球上火山最多的地方之一 reveals that Antarctica is one of the most volcanic places on Earth.
高度近四千公尺 Almost 4,000 metres high,
伊里布斯峰是地球上唯七之一 Mount Erebus is one of just seven volcanoes on Earth
具有永久熔岩湖的火山 with a permanent lava lake.
这片冰冻腹地，只有不到1%的面积无冰 Less than 1% of this frozen interior is free of ice.
然而零星的岩石露头 But isolated outcrops of rock
为少数愿意承受 offer sanctuaries for one of the few animals
摄氏零下三十度低温的动物，提供了庇护 willing to brave temperatures of minus 30 degrees Celsius.
雪海燕 The snow petrel.
它们往内陆飞行一百英里进行繁衍，以避开掠食者 They fly 100 miles inland in order to breed away from predators.
这只雄鸟正在努力清出一个浅坑 This male gets to work clearing a shallow scrape,
接着它会铺上羽毛 which he will then line with feathers
为它的幼鸟在酷寒之中，提供些许保护 to give his chick a little protection from the bitter cold.
可是岩缝的供给不足 But crevices are in short supply...
随时会有竞争对手来抢夺 ...and rivals are ever ready to fight for them.
当空战无效，雪海燕就会动用另一种武器 When aerial combat fails, snow petrels deploy another weapon.
呕吐 Vomit.
这有可能致命 It could be lethal.
假使恶臭的胃油冻结，它的飞行羽毛就可能黏住 If the putrid stomach oil freezes, his flight feathers could stick together.
幸好它知道该如何清理 Fortunately, he knows how to clean them...
洗一个雪澡 ...with a snow bath.
接着就可以继续进行繁衍任务 Now to get on with the task of breeding.
从这里到南极，往内陆深入一千英里 From here to the South Pole, 1,000 miles further inland...
生存环境变得更加严酷 ...conditions become even more hostile for life.
在南极东部冰原上呼啸的风 Winds driving over the East Antarctic Ice Sheet
最高可达时速两百英里 can reach speeds of up to 200mph.
这些凛冽狂风从冰原降下时 As these gale-force winds descend from the ice sheet,
不但速度提高，温度也会上升 they pick up both speed and warmth.
形成地球上最贫瘠的环境 They create the most arid conditions on Earth.
这些不是雪堆 These aren't snowdrifts.
而是沙丘 They're sand dunes.
这些所谓的“干谷” Some of these so-called dry valleys
有部分已经超过一百万年没有降雨 have not felt rain in over a million years.
由风所雕凿 Carved by the wind,
高达四公尺的奇特纪念碑 strange monuments up to four metres tall
矗立在荒凉的谷地 stand on the desolate valley floor.
唯一的生命型态 The only life form...
是已经风干成尸的食蟹海豹 ...a mummified crab eater seal
有可能是数千年前离奇流落至此 that mysteriously strayed here, possibly thousands of years ago.
可是只要仔细留意 But if you look hard enough...
南极洲腹地还是能够找到生命 ...life can be found in Antarctica's interior.
隐藏在南极洲东部群山之间 Hidden in the mountains of eastern Antarctica,
温特塞湖 Lake Untersee.
十多年前 A little over ten years ago,
科学家潜入结冰的湖面之下 scientists dived beneath its frozen surface...
发现了一件事，可能会改变我们 ...and made a discovery that would change our perception
对于外星生命的看法 of the possibility of alien life.
躺在湖床之上的 Lying on its lakebed
是地球上绝无仅有的活构造 are living structures found nowhere else on Earth.
巨大的层石藻 Giant stromatolites.
高度有半公尺 Standing half a metre tall...
存在于湖底的它们，对于地球生命可能的演进过程 ...their existence down here provides an extraordinary insight
提供了非凡洞见 into how life on our planet might have evolved.
数千年来堆栈出这些活构造的 These living structures have been built over thousands of years
可能算是地球上最重要的微生物 by arguably the most important microorganism on Earth.
蓝绿藻 Cyanobacteria.
最早出现能产生氧气的微生物 The very first living organisms to have produced oxygen.
若没有它们，地球就仍然无法让高等生命存在 Without them, Earth would have remained uninhabitable for higher life forms.
如果在这个地球上最险恶的环境 If the building blocks for life can be found here,
能够找到生命的基础材料 in the most hostile place on Earth...
想必生命就可能存在于遥远星球的冰冻湖水中 ...surely life could exist in the ice-covered lakes of distant planets.
（在冰天雪地之外）
在南极洲极端环境的拍摄期间 Whilst filming in the extremes of Antarctica, capturing the remarkable behaviour
要捕捉到虎鲸波浪冲击的奇妙行为 of wave-washing killer whales was to prove
证明是摄影组所遇上的最大挑战 the crew's greatest challenge yet.
团队从马尔维纳斯群岛出发，所搭乘的金羊毛号 The team set off from the Falkland Islands on board the Golden Fleece,
将是他们接下来一个半月的家 which will be their home for the next month and a half.
指挥团队的是南极探险家迪翁庞西 It's under the command of Antarctic explorer Dion Poncet.
渡海的天气怎么样？ What's the weather like for the crossing?
第一天很好，还看不出会有什么问题 The first day is good. And then nothing bad that we can see yet...
要想抵达南极洲，他们必须先穿越德雷克海峡 To reach Antarctica, they must first cross the Drake Passage -
全世界海象最艰险的650英里航程 650 miles of the world's roughest ocean.
只能待在舱房的执行制作马克布朗洛 Confined to his bunk, executive producer Mark Brownlow
发现晕船，被打败了 has yet to find his sea legs. Destroyed.
出海第四天 Fourth day at sea.
还是晕船 Sick.
一抵达南极半岛， On arrival at the peninsula,
他们便展开搜寻，向导是李希克莫 their search begins, guided by Leigh Hickmott,
这位鲸鱼科学家参与过一项为期14年 a whale scientist who is part of a 14-year study
针对唯一懂得波浪冲击的虎鲸群的研究 on the only killer whales in the world known to wave-wash.
现在我们更加了解 We now have a greater understanding,
这些虎鲸的数量究竟有多低 perhaps, of how small the population is, actually, of these killer whales.
成为父母的数量约五十只，所以真的不多 The parent population is about 50 animals, so really not very many at all.
由于这些技巧高超的虎鲸 With so few of these highly specialised killer whales
鲜少巡游超过鲸群一半的范围 patrolling an area more than half the size of Wales,
他们前往最后现身的地点 they head to where they were last sighted.
经过三天不眠不休的监视后 After three days of round-the-clock surveillance,
组员终于瞥见身影 the team finally catch a glimpse.
发现第一只虎鲸 Found our first killer whales.
就是我们要的 There's the one we want! Whoo!
这是好的开始 Good start.
（杰米麦克佛森，摄影师）
为了拍到靠近水面的镜头 To get shots low to the water,
他们出动陀螺稳定仪摄影系统 they launch a gyro-stabilised camera system in a small boat
搭乘一艘长度只有虎鲸一半的小船 that's only half the length of the killer whales. Stay still.
太冷了 That's so cool!
明显感受到我们被打探 Definitely feel like we've just been checked out.
还蛮吓人的 It's quite intimidating.
首创拍摄先例 In a filming first,
摄影机操作员柏蒂葛雷哥利 camera operator Bertie Gregory
启动无人机， 以新视角捕捉这种狩猎技巧 launches the drone to capture a new perspective on this hunting technique.
有四、五只虎鲸探头出水 We've got four, five killer whales, spy-hopping.
有些正在远离，可能是要准备造浪 Some are moving away! They might get ready for a wave.
这是第一波 There's the first wave!
这是破碎波，把冰震成两半 That's the breaking wave that's broken the pack in half.
海豹落水… The seal's in the water!
它可能有麻烦了 Seal's in the water! He could be in trouble here.
它们大可利落地猎杀海豹 They could just kill the seal cleanly,
但它们要利用海豹来教导年轻世代狩猎 but they are using the seal to teach their young how to hunt.
看了很不忍心 It's really hard to watch.
团队的创新画面 The team's ground-breaking footage
也提供了宝贵的科学数据 is also providing valuable scientific data,
为这些高超虎鲸的长期研究，做出贡献 contributing to the long-term study of these highly specialised killer whales.
个体编号B17最早在2009年被拍到 Animal B-17 - she was first photographed back in 2009.
这就是它在“冰冻星球I”期间，被拍到的照片 So here she is. This is a photograph taken during Frozen Planet I.
请看右边，这张照片是我们巡航时拍的 If we look on the right, here's a picture that we took during our cruise.
它肯定是这个族群的雌性族长 She's certainly the matriarch of her particular group.
我们目睹它如何教导后代 We're seeing how she's teaching her offspring
成为高效率杀手 to become this very efficient killer.
但在一开始的前景看好之后，情况转趋恶化 But after such a promising start, conditions take a turn for the worse.
发生骤变的就是天气 The thing that's changed enormously here is the weather.
在过去，南极半岛最著名的就是 In the past, the peninsula was famous for
海面平静无波、阳光普照，晴朗的天空 perfect calm, still, bright sunshine, clear skies.
现在变得很少见 And doesn't happen so much.
天气变暖就代表海冰变少 And warmer weather here means less sea ice, which could
可能会对虎鲸偏好的猎物 威德尔海豹 have consequences for the killer whales'
造成负面影响 preferred prey of Weddell seals.
这是一个残酷的讽刺，真的 There's a cruel irony, really,
我们发现的最大的威德尔海豹群 that we've today found the largest group of Weddell seals,
但它们是在海滩上，而不是大块浮冰 but they're on the beach. They're not on pack ice.
这有可能是因为南极半岛 And that's potentially because the Antarctic Peninsula
是地球上变暖最快的地方 is one of the most rapidly warming places on the planet.
团队拍摄到虎鲸转而猎捕食蟹海豹 The team film the killer whales switching to hunt crab eater seals...
接着却又发生奇特的事情 ...but then, something remarkable happens.
它们找上了南极洲的 They approach one of Antarctica's
最强悍的掠食者之一，豹斑海豹 most formidable predators, the leopard seal.
真的难以置信，通常它们不会把豹斑海豹视为主要猎物 This is absolutely incredible, because that's really not considered a key prey for them.
它选错冰块了 Ooh, he's chosen a bad piece.
浮冰裂成四块，它选了最小的一块 The ice has split into four and he's chosen the smallest quarter.
叹为观止 It's phenomenal.
这是首次有虎鲸猎捕豹斑海豹 It's the first time a killer whale
被镜头拍下 hunting a leopard seal has been captured on camera.
尽管难得一见 As extraordinary as that is,
却也发人深省地暗示着虎鲸眼前的挑战 it's a sobering indication of the challenges ahead for these killer whales.
要说我们正在面临气候紧急状态并不为过 I don't think it's too much to say that we are facing a climate emergency.
在我们失去大型浮冰环境的同时 There's a real chance that, as we lose this pack-ice environment,
具备地球上最复杂觅食策略的这种掠食者 that this predator, that has one of the most complex foraging strategies on the planet,
也很有可能消失 is going to be potentially lost.
这是我不想在有生之年见到的悲剧 And that's a tragedy that I, in my lifetime, don't want to see,
为了后代着想，我们更不能坐视不管...... and for our children, most certainly, we can't allow to happen.
翻译：Iyuno-SDI Group 再补校中英合并chenym
下一集，我们将前往北方冰冻的土地 Next time, we journey to the frozen lands of the north.
被雪封的森林和巨大的开阔冰原世界 A world of snowbound forests and vast open tundra.
季节性的极端 Where seasonal extremes
将动物推向极限 push animals to their limit.
开放大学创作了一个海报 The Open University has produced a poster
探索动物如何适应世界上最冰冷环境的生活 exploring how animals adapt to life in the world's coldest environments.
为订购你免费副本，请致电0300 303 0553 To order your free copy, please call 0300 303 0553,
或者到网站 bbc.co.uk/frozenplanet2 or go to bbc.co.uk/frozenplanet2
随后链接到开放大学 ...and follow the links to the Open University.