大家好 Hello everyone.
今天我将介绍一些非常基本的概念 Today we would like to introduce you to some of the very fundamental concepts,
在工程设计中叫做设计理念 we call Design Concepts of Engineering Design.
这些理念围绕着 Those concepts are very much around
工程设计的一个核心问题 产品 the very top concept of engineering design, is the product.
首先要讨论的是 The first question we would like to discuss is
什么是产品 What is a Product.
你可以想一想 花一两分钟 And you may think, spend 1 or 2 minutes in your own,
闭上眼睛 想想什么是产品 close your eyes, think about what is product,
或者睁开眼睛看看你周围有哪些产品 or open your eyes and look around to see what is a product around you.
当我们说到产品 Now, when we talk about products,
第一个想到的是 它得有生产者 the first thing you probably know is that there must be a producer.
产品要么是正在被生产 Product is being produced
要么已被生产出来了 or has been produced
如果它已经存在的话 if it’s an existing product.
所以一定会有用户来使用 So there must be a consumer who will use the product.
所以你可以从用户的角度来看产品 So you can look at the product from consumer’s point of view
或是生产者的角度 or from producers point of view.
若从用户的角度出发 From consumers point of view, the product, you know,
如果你有一个产品 if you have a product,
你肯定会说它必须有用 对吗 you must say it’s must be useful. OK?
第二 它要为你提供价值 And secondly, it must provide value for you.
有用 有价值 And useful, valuable,
这些都是一个产品所具备的特点 those are some of the characteristics of a product.
另一方面 从生产者的角度出发 On the other hand, if you take the perspective of a producer,
生产者会说 then the producer would say,
我希望产品可以赚钱 希望可以销售它 I wanna make money, I wanna be able to sell the product.
所以从这个角度来说 产品必须要有市场 So from that point of view, the product must be marketable.
好的 这是两个方面 Ok, so these are 2 perspectives.
现在从工程设计的观点出发 Now, from engineering design point of view,
我们又会有其他角度来看产品 we actually look at product in some other ways.
第一 你可以从买这种产品的人群出发 First, you can look at the product from who is buying the product.
可能是终端用户 我们称为消费者 It can be end users, we will call consumers.
这种是消费品 And those products are consumer products.
另一方面 你可以是生产者 On the other hand, you can have a producer,
就像是一个建筑公司要盖楼房 it’s like construction company, they build buildings,
他们需要起重机 很高的起重机 but they need have cranes, a very high level of cranes.
如果你是农民 If you have a farmer,
那就需要机器来农作 they will need machines to do the farming work.
所以这些机器 这些起重机 So the machines, the cranes,
我们称为生产者产品 those are we call Producer Product.
因为消费者 即你卖的对象是生产者 Because the consumer, you really sell it to the producers.
另一方面 On the other hand,
产品还可以被区别或描述为 the product can be distinguished or described in terms of
是技术产品还是非技术产品 whether it’s a technical product or it’s a non-technical product.
如果是技术产品 So if it’s a technical product,
这个产品必须有一些特定功能 basically the product has to achieve certain functions.
比如电话必须能够帮你与他人联系 The cellphone has to be able to help you to communicate with other people.
如果是一把椅子 And if you want to have a chair,
它必须能支撑你的体重 the chair has to be able to support your weight, human weight.
这些就是我们所说的功能性 So all those things are what we called functional.
另外 你也许会有一些艺术产品 On the other hand, you may have a product which is really artistic product.
就算是这些艺术产品 Even in those cases, the artistic products,
比如一个雕塑或相框 for instance it’s a sculpture or a frame to put pictures in it.
都会具有传递作用 传递内涵的作用 And those products usually that express something or something called meaning.
所以对于技术产品 这些叫做功能性 So you know in the technical terms is called function
就是说你可以用它做一些事情 where you can do something.
而另一方面对于艺术产品来说 On the other hand, from artistic point of view,
它可以愉悦人们 there’s something which also people enjoy,
让人们感受到它的价值 people feel there’s a value there.
这叫做内涵 它传递了一些内涵。 It’s called meaning, express some meaning there.
还可以从另一个角度看什么是产品 There is another perspective to look at. What is a product.
一般来说产品都是很简单的 You can see the product is relatively simple,
它只是一个组件 it’s just a component.
例如如果只是一个齿轮 For instance just one gear,
它就是一个产品的组成部分 it’s a component of a product
但是如果是齿轮箱 But if you have a gear box,
或是汽车的变速器 if you have a transmission of a car,
那么齿轮箱或变速箱就成为一个系统 then the gear box or the transmission become a system.
如果我们从整车的角度来看 And if you look at the whole car,
那么变速器就是一个子系统 then one transmission subsystem, becomes a subsystem,
而整个车就是一个整体系统 and overall car becomes an overall system.
这是你可以进行探究 使用 So those are some of the dimensions you can look into
以及描述一个产品的一些维度 and you can take and you can use to describe what is a product.
从工程学角度来说 From engineering point of view,
我们着重于技术性或功能性系统 we actually look into Technical or we call Functional Systems.
如果你在做工程设计 So if you are doing engineering design,
就要涉及技术性和功能性系统 you will deal with Technical and Functional Systems.
如果你在做艺术 形式 色彩 And if you are dealing with more artistic or form or the color,
或工业方面的设计 or if you are dealing with industrial design,
那或多或少会接触到艺术领域 and more or less you step into the artistic or art area, domain
就得把艺术和功能方面都考虑在内 then you have to worry about both art and also the functional side.
所以并没有清晰界限表明 So there is no clear cut whether
一个产品是只有功能性还是只有艺术性 there’s one side only for function or its other side only for art or appearance,