(悬疑的音乐) [suspenseful music]
-今晚，亚特兰蒂斯，失落的岛屿王国 - Tonight, Atlantis, the lost island kingdom
这让探险家们困惑了几个世纪。 that's baffled explorers for centuries.
-当你想到失落的城市，你会想到亚特兰蒂斯。 - When you think of lost cities, you think of Atlantis.
(火山爆发) [volcano erupts]
-亚特兰蒂斯被这些地震击中 - Atlantis is hit with these earthquakes
洪水最终淹没了整个岛国 and floods that ultimately sink the entire island nation
沉到海底，再也没人见过。 to the bottom of the sea, never to be seen again.
-有人说亚特兰蒂斯是个神话。 - Some say Atlantis is a myth.
其他人坚持认为这是一个非常真实的地方， Others insist it was a very real place,
几千年前就灭绝了。 wiped out thousands of years ago.
发现亚特兰蒂斯不仅是考古上的成功 - Finding Atlantis would not only be the archaeological coup
本世纪的，但也许是永远的。 of this century, but perhaps for all time.
(戏剧性的音乐) [dramatic music]
-现在我们将探索围绕一个的顶级理论 - Now we'll explore the top theories surrounding one
历史上最著名的失落王国。 of history's most famous lost kingdoms.
-很容易就能找到六个符合亚特兰蒂斯特征的地点。 - Easily a half dozen sites fit the profile of Atlantis.
-亚特兰蒂斯和另一座失落的城市会是一体的吗 - Could Atlantis and this other lost city be one
还是一样的？ and the same?
-一次大的火山喷发很容易就会毁灭 - A major eruption could have easily wiped out
像亚特兰蒂斯这样的古老文明 an ancient civilization like Atlantis thousands
几年前。 of years ago.
亚特兰蒂斯是一个真实存在的地方吗？如果是的话，它会在哪里？ - Is Atlantis a real place and, if so, where could it be?
(戏剧性的音乐) [dramatic music]
大约公元前360年，古希腊。 Circa 360 BCE, Ancient Greece.
哲学家柏拉图写道 The philosopher Plato writes
一场史诗般的战斗发生在他的时代之前。 of an epic battle waged long before his time.
根据柏拉图的说法，这场战役 - This battle, according to Plato,
发生在他的时代之前9000年。 took place about 9,000 years before his time.
(战士尖叫) [warriors screaming]
柏拉图写过希腊人之间的战争 Plato writes about this battle between the Greeks
一个非常先进的文明 and a very highly advanced civilization
来自一个叫做亚特兰蒂斯的岛屿。 from an island called Atlantis.
-亚特兰蒂斯是一个人口稠密的巨大岛屿 - Atlantis is this huge island that is populated
亚特兰蒂斯人 by Atlanteans who are
令人难以置信的繁荣, incredibly prosperous,
富有，拥有庞大的军队。 wealthy, have huge armies.
他们所有的财富也是如此 So with all their wealth
繁荣，亚特兰蒂斯人很傲慢，他们很骄傲， and prosperity, the Atlanteans are arrogant, they're proud,
他们觉得自己可以扩张和征服他人， they feel they can expand and conquer others,
这就是让他们接触的原因 and this is what brings them into contact
当希腊人入侵他们的领土时。 with the Greeks when they invade their territories.
[武器]冲突 [weapons clashing]
亚特兰蒂斯基本上是在挑衅希腊人。 - Atlantis has basically been provoking the Greeks.
他们一直试图扩大自己的帝国， They've been trying to expand their empire,
希腊人最终决定是时候做出回应了 and the Greeks finally decide it's time to respond.
(不祥的音乐) [ominous music]
亚特兰提斯是一个军事强国。 - The nation of Atlantis is a military juggernaut.
他们技术先进。 They are technologically advanced.
他们有更好的军队，更好的科技， They've got the better military, better tech,
他们有节奏。 they've got this beat.
[戏剧音乐][战士的尖叫] [dramatic music] [warriors screaming]
柏拉图写过这场战役 Plato writes about this battle
就好像这是一个关于善与恶的真实故事， as if it's like a true tale of good versus evil,
最后， and in the end,
(剑发出叮当声的) [swords clanging]
处于劣势的希腊人最终赢得了胜利。 the underdog Greeks end up winning the day.
更糟糕的是，亚特兰蒂斯人， To make matters worse for the Atlanteans,
在他们输掉战斗后，他们就会被攻击 after they lose the battle, they are then struck
还有更多的悲剧。 with even more tragedy.
(戏剧性的音乐) [dramatic music]
随着故事的发展，亚特兰蒂斯被击中 As the story goes, Atlantis is hit
这些自然灾害，地震，洪水 with these natural disasters, earthquakes, floods
(水的) [water roaring]
最终使整个岛国沉入海底 that ultimately sink the entire island nation to the bottom
大海，永远不会再被看到。 of the sea, never to be seen again.
(水潺潺) [water gurgling]
(戏剧性的音乐) [dramatic music]
-[劳伦斯]今天是柏拉图的作品 - [Laurence] Today, Plato's work
是唯一已知的关于亚特兰蒂斯的古代记录。 remains the only known ancient record of Atlantis.
-最大的谜团是，这是真实的故事吗？ - The big mystery here is, is this a true story?
真的有一个叫做亚特兰蒂斯的岛国吗？ Was there actually an island nation called Atlantis?
-柏拉图是亚特兰蒂斯故事的唯一来源， - Plato is our singular source for the story of Atlantis,
他几乎把它当作一个寓言， and he's using it almost as a parable,
但他在这个故事中引用了真实的地方 but he references real places in this story
这让它听起来像是一个历史记录。 that makes it sound like it could be a historical account.
(戏剧性的音乐) [dramatic music]
-我们不知道亚特兰蒂斯是不是指的 - The reason why we can't tell if Atlantis was meant
完全正确 to be completely true
或寓言的原因是柏拉图同时使用了这两种写作形式。 or allegorical is that Plato used both forms of writing.
在亚特兰蒂斯的故事中， And in the Atlantis story,
他让主讲人一遍又一遍地说， he has the main speaker say over and over again,
这个故事是真的， this story is true,
但也许这本身就是一种修辞手段。 but maybe that itself was a rhetorical device.
-他讲的故事有点 - He tells stories that have some sort
对他们来说是有道德目的的。 of a moral purpose to them.
所以如果这是寓言，那就是关于危险的 So if it's an allegory, it would be about the dangers
权力和财富。 of power and wealth.
然而，并不是每个人都相信这个故事是编造的。 However, not everybody believes that the story is made up.
-读柏拉图作品的人会看它 - People that read Plato's writing look at it
然后说“这绝对不是他编的” and go, "There's no way that he made this up."
这种描述对他来说太生动了 It's too vivid of a description for him
把这个地方虚构出来。 to have fictionalized this place.
他描述了这些郁郁葱葱的同心岛屿 He describes these very lush concentric islands
所有这些都由一条运河连接在一起 all linked together by a canal with massive waterways
四周群山环绕，还有一个矩形平面 and surrounded by mountains as well as a rectangular plane
有340英里长。 that's 340 miles long.
[黑暗的音乐] [dark insistent music]
-亚特兰蒂斯人很善良 - The Atlanteans were sort
一个复杂的海上贸易社区， of a sophisticated maritime trading community,
在中央岛上有一个巨大的华丽的 and on the central island there is an enormous ornate
波塞冬神庙。 temple of Poseidon.
-[劳伦斯]但也有人持怀疑态度 - [Laurence] But there are skeptics
谁指出了柏拉图故事中的细节 who point out details in Plato's story
这说不通啊。 that don't make sense.
-柏拉图的叙述有些奇怪， - There's some strange things about Plato's account,
包括这是九千年前的事 including the fact that it's 9,000 years ago
九千年前， and 9,000 years ago,
我们没有任何主要的人类文明。 we did not have any major human civilizations.
人类还活着 Humanity was still living
在狩猎采集类型的情况下。 in hunter-gathering type situations.
(戏剧性的音乐) [dramatic music]
-柏拉图可能只是在他的年表上出错了 - Plato might have just been off in his chronology
或者可能有什么问题 or maybe there was some problem
在柏拉图文本的传播中 in the transmission of Plato's text.
也许是搞错了 Maybe there's a mistake
而且应该是900年而不是9000年。 and it was supposed to be 900 years instead of 9,000.
-有亚特兰蒂斯的反对者， - There are naysayers of Atlantis,
但是有些人读了描述 but there are people that read the description
他们说：“不，必须是真的。” and they go, "No, it's got to be real."
他们推测的第一个地点是 And the first place that they speculate as to the location
亚特兰蒂斯这座失落之城的遗迹在水下。 of this lost city of Atlantis is underwater.
(鸟森林里) [birds cawing]
-[劳伦斯]现在是1500年 - [Laurence] It's the year 1500
随着中世纪接近尾声 and as the Middle Ages draw to a close,
欧洲人正在外出冒险，探索世界。 Europeans are venturing out and exploring the world.
——大发现时代是全球大探索的时代。 - The age of discovery is an era of global exploration.
哥伦布已经发现了新大陆。 Columbus has already discovered the new world.
麦哲伦号已经完成了环球航行。 Magellan has already circumnavigated the globe.
葡萄牙人远道而来 The Portuguese have traveled all the way over
也就是现在的日本 to what's now modern day Japan.
荷兰东印度公司已经成功了 The Dutch East India Company had already made it all the way
一直到新西兰和澳大利亚的海岸 down to the shores of New Zealand and Australia.
-发现新土地的报告回来了 - As reports come back of new lands found
遇到了新的文化， and new cultures encountered,
人们有这种贪婪的胃口 people have this voracious appetite
去了解更多关于这些新大陆的信息 to learn more about all of these new lands
当它们被发现的时候。 as they're being discovered.
——[劳伦斯]17世纪中期， - [Laurence] By the mid 1600s,
对未知土地的迷恋 The fascination with undiscovered lands
将亚特兰蒂斯带到了最前沿 brings Atlantis to the forefront.
-在整个发现过程中， - During this whole period of discovery,
人们正在接受这些想法， people are engaging with these ideas,
阅读亚特兰蒂斯 reading about Atlantis
不知道会不会是哪一个地方 and wondering could that be any of the places
在这些旅行中被发现的？ that are being discovered during all of these excursions?
-一位年轻的耶稣会学者以他的名字登场 - Enter a young Jesuit scholar by the name
亚他那修。 of Athanasius Kircher.
他精通多种语言， He is well versed in multiple languages,
在物理和历史上。 in physics, in history.
在17世纪， In the 1600s,
他是所谓的文艺复兴时期的人。 He is what is called like a renaissance man.
-他对制图也很感兴趣。 - He's also really interested in mapping.
他研读柏拉图的著作 He takes Plato's writings
他还结合了一些古埃及文本。 and he also combines those with some ancient Egyptian texts.
他把这些资料放在一起 He puts these sources together
并且能够画出他认为是最终的地图 and is able to draw what he thinks is the definitive map
亚特兰蒂斯的土地。 of the land of Atlantis.
[颤音探询的音乐] [pulsating inquisitive music]
(戏剧性的音乐) [dramatic music]
——阿塔那修斯·基尔彻将亚特兰蒂斯号沉入水下 - Athanasius Kircher puts Atlantis underwater
在大西洋 in the Atlantic Ocean
几百年来， and for hundreds of years moving forward,
人们把Kircher的地图当成事实 people take Kircher's map as fact
因为他的名声太好了 because he's got such an incredible reputation
作为一个了不起的学者。 as this amazing scholar.
这张地图很受欢迎。 - The map is very popular.
这与柏拉图所说的是一致的。 It's consistent with what Plato says.
外面还有很多东西他们还没有发现， There are things out there that they have yet to discover,
所以亚特兰蒂斯就在这里就说得通了 so it made sense that this is where Atlantis is.
- Kircher把亚特兰蒂斯城放在什么附近 - Kircher places the city of Atlantis near what
柏拉图在他的著作中称其为赫拉克勒斯之柱。 Plato called in his writings, the Pillars of Heracles.
对古希腊人来说，赫拉克勒斯之柱是标志 To the ancient Greeks, the Pillars of Heracles mark
他们认为这是已知世界的边缘。 what they see as the edge of the known world.
历史学家试图破译柱子的位置 Historians have tried to decipher where the Pillars
其实是赫拉克勒斯 of Heracles actually are
他们认为这实际上是海峡 and they believe that it actually is the Strait
直布罗陀，也就是这片水域 of Gibraltar, which is this body of water
连接地中海和大西洋 that connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean.
(紧张的音乐) [tense music]
-乍一看，这似乎有点违反直觉。 - It seems, at first, kind of counterintuitive.
那离希腊太远了 That's awfully far from Greece
我们也不知道柱子的确切位置 and we don't know exactly where the Pillars
赫拉克勒斯， of Heracles were,
而是直布罗陀海峡 but this Strait of Gibraltar
因为通道很窄所以说得通 with its very narrow passage would make sense
在希腊语境中被解读 as being interpreted in the Greek context
作为赫拉克勒斯的支柱。 as being the Pillars of Heracles.
-当人们想到亚特兰蒂斯时，他们会想，“好吧， - When people think of Atlantis, they think, "Okay,
一定是在欧洲和非洲的西海岸 it must be off the western coast of Europe and Africa,
在直布罗陀海峡外的某个地方 somewhere beyond the Strait of Gibraltar
在大西洋。” in the Atlantic Ocean."
这就成了亚特兰蒂斯所在的默认概念。 That just becomes the default notion of where Atlantis is.
- Kircher知道他在找的东西之一 - One of the things that Kircher knows he's looking
因为是山的可能性。 for is the possibility of mountains.
柏拉图对风景的描述 Plato in his description of the landscape
亚特兰提斯的传说中说那里有山 of Atlantis talks about there being mountains
事实上，在中间 and, in fact, in the middle
这就是我们所知道的 of the Atlantic Ocean there is what's known
大西洋中脊，这是一个系列 as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which is a series
水下山脉。 of underwater mountains.
-我们的整个星球都被覆盖了 - Our entire planet is covered
由洋壳和陆壳组成。 by oceanic crust and continental crust.
如果这恰好是一个构造活跃的地区， If this happens to be an area that is tectonically active,
这将引起陆地的大量地质运动。 that will cause lots of geological movement of the land.
一些沉入海底，一些上升形成山脉。 Some goes under, some gets lifted up to form mountains.
-例如，有许多岛链， - There are a number of island chains, for example,
亚速尔群岛和加那利群岛， the Azores and the Canary Islands,
哪些是某些山峰的最高峰 which are the topmost peaks of some
在这些火山山脉中。 of these volcanic ranges.
(戏剧性的音乐) [dramatic music]
-想想这个特殊的水下山脉， - Thinking about this particular underwater mountain range,
有可能火山活动 it's possible that the volcanic activity
这就形成了这些水下山脉， that's creating these mountains underwater could, in fact,
不仅在创造中发挥了作用， have played a role in not just the creation,
还有亚特兰蒂斯的毁灭 but also the destruction of Atlantis.
(火山爆炸) [volcano exploding]
-火山喷发是已知的 - A volcano eruption is definitely known
毁灭文明。 to wipe out civilizations.
这可能有助于抹去亚特兰蒂斯的证据 That could have lent itself to erasing evidence of Atlantis
从表面看。 from the surface.
(戏剧性的音乐) [dramatic music]
- Kircher的地图影响了很多人， - Kircher's map influenced a lot of people,
但它并没有影响到所有人。 but it didn't influence everybody.
-一些相信亚特兰蒂斯存在的专家不这么认为 - Some experts who believe in Atlantis don't think that
我们应该用Kircher的地图作为最后的答案。 we should be using Kircher's map as the end all answer.
事实上，他们认为亚特兰蒂斯不在水下。 They, in fact, think that Atlantis isn't underwater.
它隐藏在众目睽睽之下。 It's hiding in plain sight.
(鸟森林里) [birds cawing]
-[劳伦斯]几个世纪以来 - [Laurence] For centuries,
许多欧洲探险家相信这座失落的城市 many European explorers believe that the lost city
亚特兰蒂斯号一定在海底深处。 of Atlantis must be deep underwater.
但是在1839年， But in 1839,
陆地上的一项发现挑战了这一假设。 a discovery on land challenges that assumption.
——在岛上挖掘的考古学家 - Archaeologists excavating on the island
在马耳他发现了一座神庙的遗迹 of Malta find the remains of a temple believed
年龄超过五千年。 to be older than 5,000 years.
这将使它成为最古老的建筑之一 That would make it one of the oldest buildings
在这个星球上。 on the planet.
-这座寺庙太古老了 - This temple is so old
建筑者甚至没有金属工具 that the builders didn't even have metal tools
在创建它的时候。 at the time to create it.
这是古代史上的工程奇迹。 It's a marvel of engineering for ancient history.
-它的顶部有巨大而沉重的岩石 - It has hugely large heavy rocks placed on top
几乎完美地结合在一起。 of one another fitted together almost perfectly.
所以这是一个相当先进的文明存在的证据。 So this is evidence for a pretty advanced civilization.
(紧张的音乐) [tense music]
-有个马耳他建筑师叫这个名字 - There's a Maltese architect by the name
乔治·格罗内·德·瓦塞 of Giorgio Gronet de Vasse.
他是监督这次挖掘的人 He's the one overseeing this dig
他得出了一个结论。 and he comes to a conclusion.
这一定是失落的亚特兰蒂斯城。 This has to be the lost city of Atlantis.
(戏剧性的音乐) [dramatic music]
马耳他是一个由西西里岛沿岸的五个岛屿组成的国家 - Malta is a nation of five islands off the coast of Sicily
在地中海 in the Mediterranean Sea.
最大的岛屿有17英里长，9英里宽。 The largest island is 17 miles long and nine miles wide.
那就是1了 That makes it one
地球上人口最密集的地区之一。 of the most densely populated areas on planet earth.
-科学家认为还有更多 - Scientists believe that there was more
比现在要多 to Malta than there is now,
这部分被地震摧毁了 and that part of that was wiped out by an earthquake
海啸紧随其后。 and a tsunami that followed soon after.
-整个马耳他群岛只是一部分 - This entire Maltese archipelago was only part
一个更大的岛链开始逐渐下沉 of a larger island chain that started gradually sinking
大约两万年前 around 20,000 years ago
——致德·瓦萨 - To de Vasse,
证据表明，这座新出土的神庙 the evidence suggests that this newly excavated temple
是现存的先进文明的一部分吗 was a part of an advanced civilization that was living
在柏拉图写这篇文章的两千年前 in that time 2000 years before Plato writes about it.
这不是九千年 This is not the 9,000 years
在柏拉图之前，他在他的著作中提到， before Plato as he listed in his writings,
但这仍然是一段相当长的时间 but it is still a considerable time
在他面前，这样是可以想象的 before him, so it is conceivable
这个故事实际上是流传下来的 that the story was actually passed down
对他来说，这是古老的历史。 to him as ancient history.
-所以德·瓦萨被说服了 - So de Vasse is convinced
这些马耳他岛上的古代建筑所表明的 that these ancient structures on Malta indicate
那就是传说中的亚特兰蒂斯 that it is the legendary Atlantis
他把自己的名誉都押在这上面了。 and he stakes his entire reputation on this.
他甚至得到了铭文 He even gets inscriptions
是在马耳他的考古遗址中发现的 that were found in these archaeological sites in Malta
都有亚特兰蒂斯的名字 that have the name Atlantis,
于是他想，“这就是我的确凿证据。” and so he thinks, "Here, this is my smoking gun evidence."
-有很多人 - There are lots of people
他根本没把他当回事， who did not in any way take him seriously,
但他到死都还相信 but he goes to his grave still believing
马耳他就是亚特兰蒂斯。 that Malta is Atlantis.
(紧张的音乐) [tense music]
-[劳伦斯]20世纪30年代，在德·瓦萨去世70年后， - [Laurence] In the 1930s, 70 years after de Vasse's death,
有些人把注意力 some turned their attention
另一个地中海地区 to another Mediterranean locale,
一个归零的地方 a place that's ground zero
最强大的自然灾害之一 for one of the most powerful natural disasters
在人类历史上。 in human history.
-亚特兰蒂斯出现了一个新的候选人， - A new candidate arises for Atlantis,
这是锡拉岛，在中间 and that's the island of Thera, which is in the middle
爱琴海， of the Aegean Sea,
我们知道那里有一次大规模的火山爆发 and we know that there was a massive volcanic eruption there
要么是公元前17世纪晚期，要么是公元前16世纪中期 in either the late 1600s, BCE or into the middle 1500s BCE.
(火山爆炸) [volcano exploding]
这次火山爆发威力巨大，把岩石都炸飞了 - This volcanic explosion was so massive that it shot rock
火山灰升到六英里高的空中， and ash up into the air almost six miles,
从埃及一路都能看到。 and it was visible all the way from Egypt.
火山爆发后 After the volcano explodes,
有一个完整的正在进行的系列 there is an entire ongoing series
地震，海啸。 of earthquakes, of tsunamis.
这个岛基本上是自己坍塌了。 The island basically collapses in on itself.
-爆炸结束后， - Now after the explosion is over,
锡拉岛将重建， the island of Thera will rebuild,
今天锡拉岛仍然存在 and today the island of Thera is still around,
但我们现在知道它的另一个名字，圣托里尼岛。 but we now know it by another name, Santorini.
(紧张的音乐) [tense music]
——20世纪30年代，一位希腊考古学家 - In the 1930s, a Greek archaeologist by the name
Spyridon Marinatos加入寻找亚特兰蒂斯的行列。 of Spyridon Marinatos joins the search for Atlantis.
马里纳托斯是希腊顶尖的考古学家。 Marinatos is a top Greek archaeologist.
也许他最大的名气是他发现了这个网站 Probably his biggest claim to fame is that he found the site
古代的塞莫皮雷战役 of the ancient battle of Thermopylae,
可能最出名的是电影《300勇士》 probably best known from the movie "300."
(盾牌发出) [shields clattering]
- Marinatos对米诺斯世界也很感兴趣。 - Marinatos is also interested in the Minoan world.
米诺斯人是前希腊人 Now, the Minoans were a pre-Greek population
他们生活在爱琴海的岛屿上， that lived on the islands of the Aegean,
我们认为在克里特岛 based in Crete we think,
甚至在一些沿海定居点 and even in some coastal settlements
在希腊大陆上 on the mainland of Greece.
-米诺斯人是一个我们真的不太了解的文化 - The Minoans are a culture we don't really know a ton
大约，但我们知道他们还活着 about, but we do know that they were living
在当时的希腊锡拉岛上 on the Greek island of Thera around the time
火山爆发。 of the volcanic eruption.
-我们也知道它们非常先进 - We also know that they were highly advanced
这是有证据的 and there's some evidence
他们可能会努力建造一些结构 that they might have built structures in an effort
为了防震。 to be earthquake proof.
在那次灾难性的喷发之后，米诺斯人继续发展 After that catastrophic eruption, the Minoans continued
在克里特岛等其他地区持续发展。 to persist and thrive in other areas like Crete.
然而，它们神秘地消失了。 However, mysteriously they vanish.
在那之后就没有历史记录了。 There's no historical record or mention of them after that.
-马里纳托斯的理论是 - Marinatos's theory is
1600年的火山喷发可能不是唯一一次 that the eruption in 1600 was probably not the only eruption
这种事真的发生过。 that ever happened.
一系列的火山爆发 A whole series of volcanic eruptions,
地震、洪水和海啸摧毁了这个地区 of earthquakes and floods and tsunamis destroyed this area
一点一点地。 little by little.
所以如果你把这些关于米诺斯人的元素放在一起， So if you put all these elements together about the Minoans,
这个高度发达的文明 this highly advanced civilization
被火山，地震，洪水， destroyed by a volcano, by earthquake, floods,
它听起来非常像亚特兰蒂斯。 it begins to sound an awful lot like Atlantis.
当马里纳托斯仔细观察锡拉岛的地形时， - When Marinatos takes a closer look at Thera's topography,
他很确定自己的方向是对的。 he's pretty certain that he's on the right track.
首先，Thera是一系列 For starters, Thera is a series of
在陆地和水域之间交替的同心圆， concentric circles alternating between land and water,
在中央，你可以看到这个火山口 and in the center, you've got this caldera
里面装满了水 that fills up with water
因为那里是所有火山活动发生的地方。 because that's where all the volcanic activity took place.
在悬崖的两侧是陡峭的悬崖 And then on the sides you've got these steep cliffs
它们围绕着它。 that are surrounding it.
这些陡峭的悬崖可能就是那些山 These steep cliffs could have possibly been those mountains
柏拉图在他的著作中谈到的 that Plato talked about in his writing.
1967年，马里纳托斯和其他考古学家 - [Laurence] In 1967, Marinatos and other archaeologists
在圣托里尼岛有了惊人的发现 make a spectacular discovery on Santorini.
-他们发现掩埋在灰烬下的城市遗迹 - They find the remains of a city buried under ash
3500年来， for 3,500 years,
这是先进文化的一个例子 and it's an example of an advanced culture
这座城市有港口，有精美的艺术品， with a city that had a harbor, fine works of art,
令人难以置信的建筑，甚至室内管道。 incredible buildings, and even indoor plumbing.
-腌汁匠必须从层层灰烬中挖出来 - Marinatos had to dig down through layers of ash
为了找到这个令人难以置信的定居点， to find this incredible settlement,
我们今天称之为Akrotiri， which we call Akrotiri today,
火山爆发时倾倒了所有的火山灰 and that volcanic eruption by dumping all that ash
在那个定居点，它像时间胶囊一样保存了下来。 on that settlement, it preserved it like a time capsule.
这是希腊语的对应词 It is the Greek equivalent
罗马世界著名的庞贝古城 of the famous Pompeii from the Roman world.
(戏剧性的音乐) [dramatic music]
-就我们目前所知，很有可能 - Given what we know now, it's very likely
像圣托里尼岛这样的地方 that a place like Santorini could be
亚特兰蒂斯的代表。 the representation of Atlantis.
在20世纪70年代，雅克·库斯托， - In the 1970s, Jacques Cousteau,
著名的海洋学家和海底探险家， the famed oceanographer and submarine explorer,
决定他要走了 decides that he is going
探索圣托里尼岛 to explore around Santorini.
他要去看看能不能找到证据 He is going to see if he can find proof
这就是亚特兰蒂斯。 that this is, in fact, Atlantis.
最后，库斯托没有找到确凿的证据 In the end, Cousteau does not find the conclusive proof
他一直在找的东西。 that he was looking for.
没有波塞冬神庙 There's no temple of Poseidon,
但这并不能阻止思考 but this doesn't stop the thinking
这里可能还是亚特兰蒂斯 that this could still be Atlantis
或者它至少在某个地方。 or that it's at least out there somewhere.
(有趣的音乐) [intriguing music]
几个世纪以来，探险家们一直在尝试 - [Laurence] For centuries, explorers have been trying
解读柏拉图作品中的线索， to decipher clues in Plato's writings,
希望能找到失落的亚特兰蒂斯王国。 hoping to find the lost kingdom of Atlantis.
但是当圣托里尼岛作为地点的理论 But while the theory of Santorini as the location
亚特兰蒂斯之旅 of Atlantis is explored,
其他专家则怀疑 other experts wonder
如果他们一直误解了文本。 if they've been misunderstanding the text all along.
柏拉图在他的著作中，把亚特兰蒂斯描述为一座岛屿， - Plato in his writings, describes Atlantis as an island,
但他在希腊语中使用的nesos这个词 but the word he uses in Greek, nesos,
不只是指岛屿。 doesn't just mean island.
它可能指的是半岛。 It might refer to a peninsula.
-岛屿是一块陆地 - An island is a body of land
四面被水包围， that is surrounded on all sides by water,
而半岛只有三面环绕 whereas a peninsula is only surrounded on three sides
半岛一直都是附属的 and a peninsula is always attached
到一个更大的大陆。 to a much larger landmass.
柏拉图把亚特兰蒂斯描述成一个岛屿 - Plato describes Atlantis as being an island
有一个大的平坦区域。 with a large flat area.
你通常不会在岛上找到它们， You don't usually find those on islands,
所以它更可信 so it's much more believable
在半岛上找到这样的平原。 to find such a plain on a peninsula.
-[劳伦斯]在20世纪20年代，这个想法引起了人们的注意 - [Laurence] In the 1920s, this idea captures the attention
一位名叫阿道夫·舒尔滕的德国考古学家 of a German archaeologist named Adolf Schulten.
-舒尔滕因其在西班牙的作品而闻名。 - Schulten is known for his work in Spain.
他实际上发现了一个古老的凯尔特领土 He's actually uncovered an ancient Celtic territory
或被称为努曼提亚的定居点， or settlement known as Numantia,
所以他对西班牙非常了解。 so he knows Spain actually very well.
-他意识到，西班牙， - He realizes, of course, that Spain,
它是一个半岛， all of it is a peninsula,
所以他突然想到，也许这里就是亚特兰蒂斯的所在地。 so it occurs to him, maybe this is the location of Atlantis.
(紧张的音乐) [tense music]
如果你在地图上看看西班牙，你就会注意到 - If you look at Spain on a map, you'll notice
它就在直布罗陀海峡旁边 that it's right there by the Strait of Gibraltar.
所以如果直布罗陀海峡真的是石柱群岛 So if the Strait of Gibraltar actually is the Pillars
赫拉克勒斯，你有另一个地理标志 of Heracles, you have another geographical marker
这与柏拉图所说的是一致的。 that aligns with what Plato was saying.
-这个地区已经有很多了 - And this region has had plenty
地震和海啸， of earthquakes and tsunamis,
是什么影响了人类文明 which could have affected civilizations
很长一段时间。 for a very long time.
事实上，1954年，这里发生了地震 In fact, in 1954, there was an earthquake
里氏7.8级的地震 that measured 7.8 on the Richter scale.
——幸好，那次大地震 - Fortunately, that large earthquake
大部分都在地下， was mostly subterranean,
所以它并没有造成很大的破坏， and so it didn't do a huge amount of damage,
但仍有板块在移动。 but still there are shifting plates there.
所以这可能是一个地方 So this could be a place
在那里你可能会发现亚特兰蒂斯 where you might expect to find Atlantis.
-在20世纪20年代，舒尔滕开始关注 - In the 1920s, Schulten zeroes in
在一个叫做多纳纳的地区 on a region known as Donana,
它是国家公园的一部分， which is part of a national park,
就是塞维利亚南部的这片沼泽地带 and it's this swampy marshland south of the city of Seville.
这里有一些古代遗址的证据， There is some evidence of an ancient site,
但当他们到达现场开始挖掘时， but when they get to the site to start digging,
他们遇到了一个大问题。 they run into a huge problem.
-多纳纳的地下水位非常高， - The water table of Donana is very high,
所以当他们开始往下挖的时候， so as they start to dig down,
很快水就开始渗出来了 pretty soon the water starts to seep up
他们必须放弃这些尝试 and they have to abandon these attempts
再深入挖掘。 to dig down any deeper.
-这有点像大自然的方式 - It's kind of like Mother Nature's way
“不管这里埋着什么， of saying, "Whatever's buried here,
你是找不到的。” you're not going to find it."
(紧张的音乐) [tense music]
-[劳伦斯]舒尔滕尝试失败后， - [Laurence] After Schulten's failed attempts,
亚特兰蒂斯的研究人员在很大程度上忽略了它的南端 Atlantis researchers largely ignore the southern tip
直到20世纪90年代 of Spain until the 1990s.
-突然间我们有了这个新能力 - Suddenly we have this new ability
为了从卫星上拍摄照片， to take photographs from satellites,
这真的改变了我们对这个地区的理解 and that really changes how we understand this region
因为卫星摄影开始了 because satellite photography starts
向我们展示这些长矩形的发展 to show us these long rectangular developments right
就在舒尔滕寻找的地方 in this same area where Schulten was looking.
(神秘的音乐) [mysterious music]
-所以，一个物理学家 - So, a physicist from
德国多特蒙德大学， the University of Dortmund in Germany,
他看着这些照片，真的很感兴趣， he looks at these pictures and is really intrigued by them,
他认为也许这些矩形结构 and he thinks that maybe these rectangular structures
可能是著名的波塞冬神庙的遗迹。 could be the remains of the famed temple to Poseidon.
-他也相信他看到了一些证据 - He also believes that he sees some evidence
也许是圆形结构 of perhaps circular structures that would seem
以符合柏拉图的亚特兰蒂斯维度。 to fit Plato's dimensions of Atlantis.
(悬疑的音乐) [suspenseful music]
——[劳伦斯]2009年，研究人员开始证实 - [Laurence] In 2009, researchers set out to confirm
这些图像似乎显示了惊人的结果。 what these images seem to show with astonishing results.
他们使用一种叫做电阻率的东西 - They use something called electrical resistivity
也被称为断层扫描或ERT， tomography or ERT as it's also known,
可以在地表下绘制地图 which can actually map beneath the surface
看大型结构。 to see large structures.
他们的发现是证实 And what they find is confirmation
那里有很大的结构 that there are large structures there
有些是环状的。 and some of them have a ring-like shape.
-在发现这一情况后， - Following the discovery of that,
海洋考古学家潜入沼泽， you have marine archaeologists that dive into the swamp,
当他们到达那里时， and when they get down there,
他们最终找到了这些石头结构 they end up finding these stone structures
看起来像墙。 that look like walls.
这些会是著名的亚特兰蒂斯城墙吗？ Could these be the famed walls of Atlantis?
(神秘的音乐) [mysterious music]
-你需要做的一件事是 - One thing you would need to do is
确定这些结构的年代。 to date these structures.
它们是否符合柏拉图的描述， Do they fit with Plato's descriptions,
如果不是九千年前， if not 9,000 years before his time,
至少在很久以前的某个时候？ at least sometime very far in the past?
-这些废墟是有年代的 - These ruins are dated
它们只能追溯到公元一世纪， and they only date back to the first century CE,
对于柏拉图的描述来说已经晚了几千年。 thousands of years too late for Plato's description.
罗马考古学家对此很熟悉 - Roman archaeologists are pretty familiar
有一世纪的石墙，所以当他们看到它时， with first century stone walls, so when they see it,
他们马上就知道它起源于罗马人占领时期 they know instantly that it dates from the Roman occupation
但至少还有20个其他地方 of Spain, but there are at least 20 other sites
在这片仍可挖掘的区域， in this area that could still be excavated,
那些可能更古老 and those are probably much, much older
比公元一世纪的城墙更重要。 than the first century walls of this particular site.
(冲击) [waves crashing]
考古学家也证实了这一点 - Archaeologists have also been able to confirm
这个地区可能遭受了自然灾害， that this region probably was hit by natural disasters,
两次都是在公元前2000年前后发生的地震和海啸， both an earthquake followed by a tsunami around 2000 BCE,
早在柏拉图之前。 which is long before Plato.
所以有很多专家坚信 So there are plenty of experts that firmly believe
亚特兰蒂斯藏在西班牙南部的沼泽地里。 that Atlantis is hiding in the marshes of southern Spain.
几个世纪以来，探险家们一直在寻找 - For centuries, explorers have been searching
为失落的城市 for the lost city
希腊哲学家柏拉图称之为亚特兰蒂斯。 that Greek philosopher Plato called Atlantis.
他们环游了世界 They've traveled the globe
并研究文本无休止地搜索 and studied the text endlessly searching
寻找被忽视的线索。 for overlooked clues.
但在20世纪90年代，一位瑞士考古学家提出 But in the 1990s, a Swiss archaeologist proposes that
揭开谜底的关键可能就在作品中 the key to the mystery might lie in the work
另一位希腊传奇作家的作品 of another legendary Greek author
他生活在柏拉图之前300年。 who lived 300 years before Plato.
他的名字叫荷马。 His name is Homer.
(紧张的音乐) [tense music]
荷马最出名的是他的故事《奥德赛》， - Homer is best known for "The Odyssey," his story,
讲述了年轻英雄奥德修斯的航海故事。 which tells the voyages of the young hero Odysseus.
但荷马还有另一部著名的作品 But there's another work that Homer is famous for
其实是他在《奥德赛》之前写的 that he writes actually before "The Odyssey,"
这就是《伊利亚特》 and that's called "The Iliad."
《伊利亚特》讲述了希腊人之间的一场史诗般的战斗 And "The Iliad" tells of an epic battle between the Greeks
以及特洛伊城的居民，特洛伊战争。 and the inhabitants of the city of Troy, the Trojan War.
——荷马对特洛伊战争的描述 - Homer's account of the Trojan War
关于一次大规模的希腊远征 concerns a massive Greek expedition
从希腊大陆到特洛伊城。 from the mainland of Greece to the city of Troy.
(门摇摇欲坠) [doors creaking]
据说这件事发生过 This is said to have taken place
大约比荷马时代早400年左右。 some 400 years or so before Homer's time.
[剑的碰撞声][戏剧音乐] [swords clashing] [dramatic music]
希腊人打败特洛伊城后，该城被摧毁。 - After the Greeks defeat Troy, the city is destroyed.
它是如何被摧毁的，我们并不完全确定。 Now how it's destroyed, we're not entirely sure.
可能是火灾，也可能是地震。 It might've been by fire, it might've been by earthquake.
我们不知道这些信息。 That information is lost to us.
考古学家梦想着找到这个地方 Archaeologists dream of finding this place,
但经过多年的寻找， but after years of searching,
许多人最终相信 many people believe that ultimately
也许它根本就不存在。 maybe it just never existed at all.
(紧张的音乐) [tense music]
-[劳伦斯]这种情况在19世纪末发生了变化 - [Laurence] That changes in the late 19th century
当考古学家瞄准一个潜在的遗址时 when archaeologists zero in on a potential site
位于土耳其西部，靠近爱琴海。 in western Turkey near the Aegean Sea.
-碰巧是这样 - It so happens
这里已经是一个考古传奇了。 that this site is already an archaeological legend.
这座城市叫希萨里克， The city is called Hisarlik,
1871年，考古学家发现 and in 1871, archaeologists uncover
现在被认为是特洛伊城。 what is now believed to be the city of Troy.
- 100多年后的1992年 - Over 100 years later in 1992,
瑞士考古学家Eberhard Zangger提出了一个令人震惊的说法 Swiss archaeologist Eberhard Zangger makes a shocking claim
在他的书《来自天堂的洪水》中 in his book, "Flood From Heaven."
他声称特洛伊和亚特兰蒂斯是一体的。 He claims that Troy and Atlantis are one and the same.
(戏剧性的音乐) [dramatic music]
(紧张的音乐) [tense music]
桑格的前提是亚特兰蒂斯是以这座城市为基础的 Zangger's premise is that Atlantis is based on the city
而柏拉图是 of Troy and that Plato is
实际上给了我们一个混乱的描述 actually giving us a garbled description
特洛伊城的历史 of the city of Troy.
它们实际上是同一个地方吗？ Are they in fact the same place?
-对桑格来说，特洛伊是真的。 - For Zangger, Troy turned out to be real.
如果是这样的话，亚特兰蒂斯可能是真的，因为 If that's the case, Atlantis can be real given the fact that
这些地方繁荣、富裕、强大 these places were prosperous, wealthy, and powerful
然后被摧毁，从历史中消失。 and then were destroyed and disappear from history.
也许这是同一个故事。 Perhaps it's the same story.
(戏剧性的音乐) [dramatic music]
-所以Zangger使用了很多东西 - So there are a number of things that Zangger uses
来证明他的观点。 to make his case for this.
第一，特洛伊城和亚特兰蒂斯城都据说风很大。 One, both Troy and Atlantis are said to be very windy.
据说它们都有很多水道， They're also both said to have a lot of waterways,
但更能说明问题的是特洛伊国王的说法 but maybe more telling is that the King of Troy claims
成为亚特兰蒂斯人阿特拉斯的后裔， to be a descendant of Atlas, an Atlantean,
基本上是同一个词吗 which is basically the same word
柏拉图用来描述亚特兰蒂斯人的， that Plato uses to describe the people of Atlantis,
亚特兰提斯岛。 the Atlanteans.
桑格使用了特洛伊的卫星图像 Zangger uses satellite images of Troy
以及它周围的区域 and the area surrounding it
并且经常提出这样的论点 and makes the argument that a lot
一字排开，平原，群山， of things line up, the plains, the mountains,
这个城市的总体形状很吻合 the general shape of the city match up
柏拉图对亚特兰蒂斯的描述 with what Plato describes about Atlantis.
(戏剧性的音乐) [dramatic music]
——[劳伦斯]据桑格说， - [Laurence] According to Zangger,
该地区还有一个主要的地理特征 there is also a major geographic feature of the region
这支持了他的观点。 that bolsters his case.
-特洛伊毗邻一条主要水道， - Troy is located next to a major waterway,
也就是今天的达达尼尔海峡 which today is known as the Dardanelles,
黑海和马尔马拉海的分界线 which separates the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara
来自爱琴海。 from the Aegean Sea.
虽然不完全是， Although not precisely,
就像柏拉图描述亚特兰蒂斯一样， the same as how Plato described Atlantis,
Zangger相信他可以找到足够多的相似之处 Zangger believes that he can find enough similarities
把两者等同起来。 to equate the two.
柏拉图写道亚特兰蒂斯是 - Plato writes that Atlantis is
在赫拉克勒斯石柱附近， near the Pillars of Heracles,
被认为是直布罗陀海峡。 which has been presumed to be the Strait of Gibraltar.
桑格声称，这不是直布罗陀， Zangger claims, it's not Gibraltar,
但这是达达尼尔海峡。 but it's the Dardanelles Strait.
今天，双方 Today, the two sides
海峡两岸都有高度发达的港口城镇 of the Strait have highly developed port towns,
但在古代，这些方面 but in ancient times, these sides
就什么都不是了 of the Strait would've been nothing
只是一片长满树林的空地。 but just empty land filled with woods.
(紧张的音乐) [tense music]
-亚特兰蒂斯显然是在一个岛上 - Atlantis is clearly on an island
土耳其也不是一个岛屿。 and Turkey is not an island.
所以在这里你会发现另一种创造性的翻译 So here you find another kind of creative translation
来源于古希腊单词nesos of the ancient Greek word nesos
桑格认为这并不完全意味着岛屿。 that Zangger argues doesn't exactly mean island.
它指的是任何有海岸线的地方。 It really means any kind of a place that has a coastline.
所以如果你这样看的话，土耳其是有资格的。 So if you look at it like that, then Turkey would qualify.
- Zangger的理论仍然争论不休。 - Zangger's theory is still pretty hotly debated.
有些人坚持认为，这是柏拉图编造的。 There are people who insist, Plato made this up.
那不是一个真实的地方， It is not a real place,
但也有人同样热衷于这个想法 but there are people equally devoted to the idea
特洛伊就是亚特兰蒂斯。 that Troy is Atlantis.
-那些完全不相信特洛伊理论的人 - Those who discount the Troy theory entirely
将他们的捕猎带到更多意想不到的地方 take their hunt to even more unexpected locations
比如那些几乎没有水的地方。 like places that barely have any water at all.
(可怕的音乐) [eerie music]
-[劳伦斯]人们普遍认为 - [Laurence] It is a widely held belief that
如果亚特兰蒂斯是真的 if Atlantis is real,
它在海底的某个地方。 it's somewhere at the bottom of the ocean.
但在2008年，一项新的研究颠覆了这一假设。 But in 2008, new research turns that assumption on its head.
-在2000年代中期， - In the mid 2000s,
Michael Hubner是一位40岁的德国软件工程师， Michael Hubner is a 40-year-old German software engineer,
但他真正热衷的是寻找 but his true passion is trying to find
找到失落的亚特兰蒂斯城 and locate the lost city of Atlantis.
——哈伯纳仔细研读柏拉图的著作 - Hubner scours Plato's writings
有关的地理特征 for any geographical features associated
亚特兰蒂斯，山脉，平原， with Atlantis, the mountains, the plains,
同心的岛屿，海水， the concentric islands, the water,
中心的寺庙。 the temple in the center of it.
——在Hubner的分析中 - In Hubner's analysis
柏拉图关于地理特征的著作 of Plato's writings about the geographical features
他提出了51个特征 of Atlantis, he comes up with 51 characteristics
他把亚特兰蒂斯的照片放进了电脑程序 of Atlantis that he puts into a computer program
然后应用到地中海地区的地图上 and then applies to a map of the Mediterranean region
看看有没有地方 to see if there are any places
符合这51个特征。 that match those 51 characteristics.
(键盘输入) [keyboard typing]
-哈伯纳基本上画了一个网格 - So Hubner basically lays out a grid
用这400个小方块 with these 400 little squares
并查找每个属性 and looks for which attributes each
这些方块中可能有 of those squares might have
这样他就能锁定目标了 so that he can zero in on the places
最像柏拉图所说的亚特兰蒂斯。 that are most like Atlantis according to Plato.
——[劳伦斯]研究几个月后， - [Laurence] Months into his research,
Hubner的程序得出了一个令人震惊的结论。 Hubner's program reaches a shocking conclusion.
-在他的格子中的一个方块被点亮作为一个地方 - One of the squares on his grid lights up as a place
有很多这样的地理特征， that has a ton of these geographic features,
但它在一个你永远想不到的地方。 but it's in a place that you would never expect.
-他的计划中最有可能出现的候选人 - The most likely candidate that his program comes up
就在撒哈拉沙漠的边缘 with is right on the edge of the Sahara Desert,
摩洛哥马拉喀什外的苏斯-马萨地区。 a region called Souss-Massa outside of Marrakesh, Morocco.
-这地方看起来太干燥了，不像是亚特兰蒂斯 - This place just looks way too dry to be Atlantis,
但哈伯纳坚持说就是这里。 but Hubner insists that this is the place.
(戏剧性的音乐) [dramatic music]
(有趣的音乐) [intriguing music]
Hubner认为发生了一次大地震 - Hubner believes that there was a great earthquake
在北大西洋 in the North Atlantic
由此引发的海啸席卷了摩洛哥海岸 and a resulting tsunami that swept up the coast of Morocco
在扫回来之前。 before sweeping back.
-它不是字面意义上的岛屿 - It's not an island in the literal sense
哈伯纳所说的 that Hubner is talking about,
但是柏拉图在他的著作中使用的nesos这个词出现了。 but the word nesos that Plato uses in his writing comes up.
这一次又产生了另一种解释。 And this time another interpretation is created.
—单词nesos可以展开 - The word nesos can be expanded
越过岛屿进入半岛或海滩。 beyond island into peninsula or into beach.
所以Hubner给出了一个更为宽泛的定义 So Hubner takes an even more expansive definition
它是任何有界的区域 of that term and says it's any region that's bounded
靠山或靠海。 by mountains or an ocean.
Hubner所说的区域， The region that Hubner is talking about,
苏斯-马萨两侧被山脊环绕 Souss-Massa is surrounded by mountain ridges on two sides
还有大西洋。 and the Atlantic Ocean on one.
所以他提出了这一个区域 So he suggests this one region
摩洛哥的一个城市符合nesos的要求。 of Morocco fits the bill as nesos.
-所以Hubner把这些地理特征插进去 - So Hubner plugs in these geographic features
去了其他地方，但没有一个有这么多点击率 into other locations, but none get as many hits
苏斯-马萨地区 as the Souss-Massa region.
例如，他尝试了圣托里尼岛， Case in point, he tries Santorini,
但是计算机程序告诉他们只有23个 but the computer program tells 'em that there are only 23
在51个地理特征中， of the 51 geographic features,
而Souss-Massa会弹出44个功能。 whereas Souss-Massa, 44 features pop up.
(神秘的音乐) [mysterious music]
-[劳伦斯]Hubner理论的支持者说 - [Laurence] Proponents of Hubner's theory say
他最令人信服的证据来了 his most convincing evidence comes
来自他的实地研究。 from his research on the ground.
- 2012年，Hubner去了这个特定的地区 - In 2012, Hubner goes out to this particular area
在摩洛哥的沙滩上， of Morocco and in the sands,
他发现了一个碗状的凹陷。 he actually finds kind of a bowl-shaped depression.
在这个碗的中心是一座山 In the center of this bowl is a hill
还有一座古庙的遗迹。 and the remains of an ancient temple.
-亚特兰蒂斯最独特的描述之一 - One of the most unique descriptions of Atlantis that
从柏拉图那里传入我们的是它的一系列组织 comes to us from Plato is its organization as a series
同心圆 of concentric circles
中间是波塞冬神庙。 with the temple of Poseidon in the middle.
-他完全相信了 - He's absolutely convinced
他不仅找到了亚特兰蒂斯 that he has not just found Atlantis,
他在中心发现了著名的波塞冬神庙。 he has found the famed temple of Poseidon in the center.
-果然，他认出了这些戒指 - And sure enough, these rings that he identifies
苏马萨有河， in Souss-Massa are wadis,
它们是古老的沟壑和山谷。 which are ancient water gullies and valleys.
所以也许它们会成为证据 And so perhaps then they might be evidence
曾经那里有更多的水 that at one time there was more water there
还有同心圆 and you had the concentric rings
柏拉图为亚特兰蒂斯所描述的 that Plato describes for Atlantis.
(紧张的音乐) [tense music]
-不幸的是在他能继续下去之前 - Tragically before he's able to continue
或者完成他的研究，Hubner死于自行车事故， or finish his research, Hubner dies in a bicycling accident,
但其他学者仍在继续他的工作 but other scholars are continuing his work
看着同一个地方 and looking in the same place
希望能证明 and hoping to prove
摩洛哥沙漠的位置 that this Moroccan desert location
是亚特兰蒂斯的意外地点 is the unexpected location of Atlantis.
-在不太可能的地方 - When it comes to unlikely locations
我们应该去哪里寻找亚特兰蒂斯 for where we should be looking for Atlantis,
有人说我们不应该挖沙子， there are people who say we should be digging not in sand,
但在冰上。 but in ice.
(悬疑的音乐) [suspenseful music]
-[劳伦斯]2000年的搜索 - [Laurence] The 2000-year-old search
因为亚特兰蒂斯在1949年又发生了意想不到的转折。 for Atlantis takes another unexpected turn in 1949.
在马萨诸塞州西部的斯普林菲尔德学院。 At Springfield College in western Massachusetts.
课堂讨论激起了好奇心 A class discussion piques the curiosity
人类学教授查尔斯·哈普古德 of anthropology professor Charles Hapgood.
哈普古德和他的学生正在讨论这个想法 - Hapgood and his students are talking about the idea
大陆漂移。 of continental drift.
这个理论认为地球上不同的大陆 This theory that the different continents on our planet,
一旦他们分开 once they broke apart
从一个中央统一的质量， from being a central unified mass,
随着时间慢慢流逝 drifted really slowly over time
回到他们现在的位置我们知道他们现在在哪里。 to their current locations where we know them to be now.
哈普古德试图挑战这些想法 - Hapgood tries to challenge those ideas
在这次谈话中。 during this conversation.
他告诉学生们， He tells the students,
如果有可能有些 what if it's possible that some
这些陆地的移动速度比我们快得多 of these land masses move much faster than we
他们真的这么认为吗？ actually think they did?
哈普古德认为地壳 - Hapgood argues that the crust
可以在地核上自由移动 of our planet can actually move freely over the core
还有地幔，他认为 and the mantle, and he suggests
即使到目前为止，它也可以相当快地移动 that it can move fairly quickly even so far
就像南北极翻转一样 as flipping the North and South Poles.
他说这是 And he says that this is something
这种情况可能发生过无数次 that may have happened innumerable times
在过去的10万年里。 over the last 100 thousand years.
-根据这个理论， - According to this theory,
亚特兰蒂斯曾一度处于温暖的气候， at one point, Atlantis was in a warm climate,
但这些巨大的陆地移动引起了另一次极移， but these massive land shifts cause another polar shift,
是什么导致了南极 which causes the South Pole
离这个岛越来越近。 to move closer and closer to this island.
随着它越来越近，它开始变得越来越冷。 As it gets closer, it starts to get colder.
没有什么能在那里生存， Nothing can survive there anymore,
亚特兰蒂斯也因此闻名于世 and Atlantis becomes known
被称为南极大陆 as the continent of Antarctica.
(戏剧性的音乐) [dramatic music]
——1953年，哈普古德给一个人写了信 - In 1953, Hapgood actually writes to one
西方历史上最杰出的人物 of the most brilliant men in Western history,
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦, Albert Einstein,
他告诉爱因斯坦他的位移理论 and he tells Einstein about his shift theory
令他惊喜的是， and to his great surprise and delight,
爱因斯坦回信给他 Einstein writes him back
他告诉他，他找到了他的理论 and he tells him that he finds his theories
实际上非常有说服力。 actually really very convincing.
哈普古德决定把他的理论写成一本书 - Hapgood decides to put out his theories into a book
在1958年发表了题为《地球的地壳移动》的论文， in 1958 entitled "Earth's Shifting Crust,"
他甚至找到了阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦 and he even manages to get Albert Einstein
为他的书写序。 to write the foreword for his book.
-当阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦为你的书写引言时， - When Albert Einstein writes the introduction to your book,
这是一个非常有力的支持 that's a pretty strong endorsement
来自有史以来最伟大的思想家之一。 from one of the greatest minds of all time.
突然间，人们开始认真对待哈普古德了。 Suddenly, people are gonna take Hapgood seriously.
(紧张的音乐) [tense music]
哈普古德认为这些难以置信的快速变化 - Hapgood contends that these incredibly fast changes
在这些陆地上，将会有铅 in these land masses would lead
面对这些难以置信的自然灾害， to these incredible natural disasters,
地震，海啸，冰盖融化，物种大灭绝， earthquakes, tsunamis, melting ice caps, mass extinctions,
我们要找的任何东西 anything that we would be looking
因为会被埋在冰下。 for would be buried underneath the ice.
他认为，这就是为什么我们找不到亚特兰蒂斯。 That's why, he contends, we can't find Atlantis.
-大约从1960年开始， - From about 1960 on,
哈普古德的事业发生了奇怪的转折。 Hapgood's career takes kind of a weird twist.
他遇到了一个灵媒 He meets up with a psychic medium
名叫埃尔伍德·巴比特 by the name of Elwood Babbitt.
巴比特通过各种历史人物进行交流 And Babbitt channels various historical figures
从古代，从耶稣到马克·吐温， from antiquity, everybody from Jesus to Mark Twain,
他记录了这些 and he records these
哈普古德的一系列采访 with Hapgood in a series of interviews.
(悬疑的音乐) [suspenseful music]
-这真的让我蒙上了阴影 - This really casts a shadow
哈普古德的学术可信度 on Hapgood's scholarly credibility.
这是他事业的发展方向， That this is the direction his career takes,
让很多人看起来很不一样 makes a lot of people look quite differently
在他早期的研究中， at his earlier work,
尽管它曾一度受到好评 despite the acclaim it may have at one time received
来自阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦。 from Albert Einstein.
——[劳伦斯]但是2012年的一本书叫 - [Laurence] But a 2012 book called
“冰下亚特兰蒂斯”的研究员兰德·弗莱姆·阿斯说 "Atlantis Beneath the Ice" researcher Rand Flem-Ath
重温哈普古德关于失落王国的观点。 revisits Hapgood's ideas about the lost kingdom.
-他拿走了这些地图 - He goes ahead and takes these maps
在公元前9600年以前的南极洲 of Antarctica from pre-9,600 BCE
并将它们与Athanasius Kircher的地图进行比对 and lines them up with maps from Athanasius Kircher
有了一个令人兴奋的发现， and makes an exciting discovery,
两者的形状是哪个 which is that the shapes found on both
其中一幅地图几乎完全匹配， of the maps are a near-perfect match,
证明亚特兰蒂斯就是南极洲 proving that Atlantis is Antarctica.
(紧张的音乐) [tense music]
-有些人仍然会这么认为 - Some people will still hold that
随着气候变化的持续 as climate change continues
南极洲的冰开始融化 and the ice on Antarctica begins to melt,
我们会找到失落的亚特兰蒂斯遗址 once and for all, we will find the lost ruins of Atlantis
在冰下。 beneath the ice.
-人们对寻找感到兴奋的原因 - The reason why people get excited about looking
亚特兰蒂斯是 for Atlantis is
因为这确实是世界上最大的未解之谜。 because it really is the world's greatest unsolved mystery.
它真的存在吗，都是编造出来的吗？ Did it exist, was it all made up?
如果有人发现这是真的还是假的， And if somebody finds out whether that was true or not,
它会是1 it's gonna be one
史上最惊人的发现之一。 of the most amazing discoveries of all time.
(戏剧性的音乐) [dramatic music]
也许柏拉图真的是在编造亚特兰蒂斯的故事 - Perhaps Plato really was inventing the story of Atlantis
为了文学效果， for literary effect,
细节的灵感来自于真实的地方。 and the details were just inspired by real places.
但搜寻工作远未结束。 But the search is far from over.
调查小组仍在继续搜寻 Teams of investigators continue to hunt
寻找世界各地的线索。 for clues all over the world.
在爱尔兰，伯利兹的山脉， in Ireland, the mountains of Belize,
加勒比海的水域，以及更远的地方， the waters of the Caribbean, and beyond,
所有的操作都基于假设 all operating on the assumption
亚特兰蒂斯确实存在过 that Atlantis did exist.
也许有一天他们中的某个人会把神庙挖出来 Maybe someday one of them will dig up the temple
波塞冬之战，到那时我们才会了解这个王国 of Poseidon, and that's when we'll know the kingdom
亚特兰蒂斯的传说根本不是神话。 of Atlantis was no myth at all.
我是劳伦斯·菲什伯恩。 I'm Laurence Fishburne.
感谢收看“历史上最伟大的谜团”。 Thank you for watching "History's Greatest Mysteries."
(紧张的音乐) [tense music]