翻译：步履不停
To understand censorship in the Spanish film industry, 我们对西班牙电影审查制度的了解
we have to take into account 应立足于其审查法规的诞生
that until 1973 要知道，在1973年之前
it was completely arbitrary. 西班牙电影的审查完全是专断毫无根据的
There were no written rules. 没有任何相关的成文法规
It was the result of what the pertinent commission of 审查委员会成员想怎么审查就怎么审查
civil servants thought. But the political evolution of the country 但是国家政治不断演变
the transition from autarchy and Falangism 特别是在六十年代早期
to the neo-capitalism 新资本主义取代闭关锁国和国家军团主义
of the Opus Dei in the early sixties Opus Dei(一个西班牙天主教会机构，意为“上帝的作品”)取代西班牙长枪党
a series of changes were brought about. 由此带来了一系列的政策变化
These changes rationalized Spanish life 这些变化体现在西班牙的
in the economic, commercial and industrial aspects. 经济、商贸、工业等方方面面
Within this new politics of Opus Dei 在新政策的实施下
one of the areas affected was that of the film industry. 首当其冲受到影响的便是电影产业
The application of the set codes depends on how they are applied 这些审查法规大多限定性强
in order for them to be more or less severe. 实施严苛
I will read some of the rules and will comment on them. 接下来我会具体解读一些审查条例，并作出评论
For example, rule 14 of this censorship code 例如，审查条例第14条
forbids the disparaging or undignified presentation of political ideologies 禁止污蔑诽谤时政思想
when in our country many anti-soviet, 我们国家充斥着大量反苏维埃
anti-revolutionary and anti-socialist movies have been exhibited. 反革命和反社会主义的电影
Of course, this rule has been interpreted 当然这则条例也体现了
to favor the reactionary and fascist film industry. 支持反动派和法西斯主义电影的立场
Rule 15 states that films that promote hatred 法规第15条
between races and social classes will be forbidden. 禁止宣扬种族和阶级仇恨
It's ridiculous. Rule 16 states that films whose theme neglects 这也真是可笑。再比如法规第16条
the duty of defending the homeland will be forbidden. 禁止保家卫国意识薄弱的影片
A very militaristic approach. Rule 17 states that anything 典型的军国主义思想。法规第17条禁止以任何形式
against the Catholic Church, its dogma, its morals, its rites, 反对天主教会，包括它的教义，道德和祭礼
or against the basic principles of the State, national identity interior or exterior security, 禁止反对国家根本大法及危害国家安全
and against the Chief of State will be forbidden. 禁止反对国家元首
these rules clearly protect 其它国家的审查法规里是没有这些条例的
the country's establishment. 所以这完全是为了稳定政局和维护当权者的利益
In some cases, there will be grotesquely ambiguous rules. 审查法规中亦有一些荒诞的、模棱两可的条例
For example,there is a very funny one, 这就有一个很有趣的条例 任何问题都可以拿它说事
rule 18, which states: 法规第18条指明
when the accumulations of scenes which in themselves present no fault 影片虽未出现具体的违法画面和情节
yet collectively present a lustful, brutal, 但渲染出一种淫秽、暴力或变态的氛围
crude or morbid atmosphere, the film will be forbidden. 也是要遭禁的
In other words, scenes or shots which in themselves are harmless 换言之，影片即使没有违法的镜头
can also lead to the prohibition of a film. 也可能遭禁演
Again, the biggest paradox 此外，最自相矛盾的是第34条法规的实施
lies in rule 34,which is the key rule. 这也是条十分关键的法令
All these rules will be applied equally 该法令指出
to all films submitted to censorship regardless of nationality. 以上法规同样作用于对其它国家电影的审查
这项法规太专断了，完全限制了人们的自由选择
The code prohibits justification of suicide, murder out of compassion, 禁止自杀、怜悯性谋杀、
revenge and duels, divorce, adultery, 报复、决斗、分裂、通奸、
illicit sexual relationships, prostitution, abortion 不正当性关系、卖淫、堕胎
and birth control. 以及节育
There is a long list. 这就是法规汇编
And finally, rule 12 最后法令第12条也很是自相矛盾
forbids the images or scenes of cruelty to people or animals,or of terror. 禁止虐待人或动物，禁止恐怖画面
This is hypocritical because the police in this country 虚伪！ 这个国家的警察
uses terrorist methods on the streets, 对人民实行恐怖主义暴力管制
brutality against civilians,workers, students, 粗暴地对待大街上的工人、学生
yet this hypocrisy forbids showing on a screen 虐待行为和恐怖画面被禁止出现于大银幕上
the brutality and terror which it itself practices. 却在现实生活中时时上演
Finally, there is a general rule under which everything falls. 最后还有一个乱七八糟的总章程
Blasphemous, pornographic and subversive films will be forbidden for any audience. 任何人不得看亵渎神明、淫秽色情以及搞分裂破坏的影片
In other words,pornography, subversion 换言之，色情描绘、颠覆破坏和亵渎上帝
and blasphemy are measured with the same ruler. 被归于同类级别问题
It does, however,reveal the political philosophy of the regime as a whole. 这反应了当局的整体政治理念
Censorship is applied at two levels. 这套审查制度包括两个方面
There is an initial application to the script. 首先是对电影脚本的初级审查
Any Spanish film has to go through a script censorship first 任何西班牙电影的摄制都必须先经过脚本审查这一关
which will cut, modify or simply,the script will be forbidden. 审查过程中剧本需要删减、修改或者干脆被毙掉
Secondly, once the film is made based on the approved script, 通过审查的剧本被拍成的电影
it will have to go through a second censorship. 还必须经过第二次审查
These two filters applying these codes 这两层可怕的过滤式的审查法规
make it practically impossible to have freedom of expression. 实际上扼杀了人们的言论自由
Among the worst effects of this censorship code 在这个恶果累累的审查章程中
in my mind is the inhibition,the brutal censorship which leads to 最坏的影响就是对创作者的抑制和粗暴的自我批判
and which is translated into the self-castration 并且演变成电影人的自我阉割
of its producers and script-writers, 换言之，为了保全作品的完整性
in other words, they won't write a scene for fear of its being cut. 编剧和导演会选择放弃创作
Their imagination is compressed 想象力受到压制终将导致剧本创作的贫瘠
and the result leads to a weakening of the scripts themselves. 这正是西班牙电影业的常态
The conclusion is clear in that: 结论是显而易见的
the only kind of cinema of some interest and related somewhat to reality 存在少数联系现实的电影
and in which there is a minimum amount of self-expression by the creators, falls outside the realms of legality. 它包含了创作者某些超越法律界限的自我表达
It is marginal cinema,a cinema which 这就是边缘电影
has become clandestine due to its legal status. 一种没有合法身份的地下电影
From this standpoint there are clearly two possibilities, 从这个角度来看 地下电影人拥有两种选择
two alternatives which are more or less practiced.The last word will be in the hands of those in filmmaking. 两种既现实可行又能保障他们的话语权的选择
On the one hand, there is a militant cinema, cinema which 一类是激进的意识流的影片
for whatever reason has not been able to be seen 这类片子很难公映
and then on the other hand, a cinema which due to circumstances,has faced the impossibility of legal viability. 另一类是通过西班牙电影审查制度后上映的电影
In a way it forces marginal clandestine cinema 从某种程度上来说
to disentangle itself from the sinister tradition of self censorship 这要求地下电影从传统的穷凶极恶的自我批判中挣脱出来
which has always fallen heavily on the Spanish film industry. 一方面这种自我批判阻碍了西班牙电影工业的发展
Yet, on the other hand, it offers the film maker the possibility of researching, or looking for ways which will be more meaningful 另一方面它帮助创作者探寻更有意义的电影表现手法
with his media. And above all 更重要的是
it will help him get involved and to communicate through this new distribution channel in which he works. 它还将促进电影人参与到制作去
This type of film making whose dissemination won't be easy 显然地下电影要在普通观众中发行并非易事
at least among us, 原则上
is a type of film that could reach a ready and qualified audience. 这类电影的受众是少数鉴别力强的观众
Not a massive or indiscriminate audience as we see in our movie theaters today. 而不是如今电影院里数量众多人云亦云的观众
I think one can talk about underground cinema 我认为我们可以把地下电影
as a cultural option within a system, 当做一个体制内的文化选择来谈论
a cultural option as a reply to that system 一种对那个系统的文化回应
without trying to break it 这种文化选择不会破坏体制
but work alongside it. 反而可以与体制共同作用
However, in the experience of what has been called underground cinema in Madrid and Barcelona, 在所谓的马德里和巴塞罗那的地下电影的实验中
the intention has been to integrate oneself into the profession but through parallel channels. 这种意向已经通过平行渠道渗透到了行业中
As for the ideological meaning of these films, 至于这些电影的意识形态
I think we can refer to them as types of psychodramas 我认为我们可以把它归到心理学范畴
or almost subconscious presentations of the frustrations 或者是类似于沮丧情绪的潜意识表达
or conditioning of their creators. 或是创作者的自我调节训练
By no means are they considered as works of art 这些电影绝不会被视为艺术作品
in the sense that they portray a view of a life 在某种意义上说，它们描绘的是一种
far from the creators' own frustrations or of their own egos, 脱离了创作者的失意和自我的人生观
or are they films with political or even militant implications. 它们也绝不是带有政治色彩或者很激进的电影
On this last point of political 关于这后一点的关于政治和好战的电影
and militant cinema we should probably point out 我们应该指出
that there is,in all cultural works, a political and ideological implication, 所有的文化作品都有政治和意识形态的含义
which is to say, seeing the ideological/political significant in any work of art. 也就是说在任何艺术作品中都能看到意识形态/政治意义
But, at the same time, we find 与此同时
that there exists a militant cinema and literature 激进的电影和文学也同样存在
in the sense that the objective has a political end. 从这个意义上说，它们是有政治目的的
We are no longer living the times when a team of the Opus Dei within the government 我们不再生活在政府受一个天主教机构会操控的时代
tries and opening-up process towards the exterior, 政府还尝试对外开放
the exterior being understood as a supposed liberalization of the regime. 对外开放被认为是所谓的政权自由化
This proves to be a failure due to the fact that the government 这注定会失败
is incapable of controlling this supposed liberalization 因为政府无法把控所谓的自由的尺度
and the repercussions resulting from this liberalization which deeply attacks its politics. 自由亦会深刻影响政府政策
It is then obliged to take a hard line again. 于是政府不得不重新走强硬专断路线
This hard line goes back to that taken after the Civil War both at political and cultural levels. 专断路线使国家政治文化水平倒退到内战时期
And film making is submitted to the same conditioning 电影制作只能屈服于这种大环境
and the impossibility of creating a new Spanish film industry 西班牙电影产业亦不可能实现革新
to replace the earlier one. 并取代旧电影体系
Fragment of INFINITE FRONT 1956, Pedro Lazaga 《无垠的前线》片段,1956，佩德罗 拉萨加
- The Father is inside. - Bad timings for your arrival, Captain. -神父应该到了 -队长您来得真不是时候
- Where's Father? - He's around here somewhere. -神父在哪儿 -就在附近
Father Herrera, come on! Herrera神父，跟我来！
- Father. - I can't! I can! -神父 -我做不到，我做不到啊
I have tried but... 我已经尽力了但是....
Sometimes I wonder if God refuses to hear me beseeching him. 有时候我在想上帝是不是不愿倾听我的祈求
It's awful! 太可怕了！
Do you realize what you are saying? 你知道自己正在说什么吗？
No, I don't. 我不知道
Get up. Get up, Father. 起来，站起来，神父
Once I told you that your mission would be difficult. 我早就跟你说过，这不是易事
You wear a uniform and a star. 你穿着制服，别着星级勋章
This isn't a post of comfort but one of sacrifice. 你肩负的不是一个舒适的职位,而是一个需要付出牺牲的职位
You can't evade fulfilling your mission as a priest 不管多么艰难或是令人不快
however hard and unpleasant it is. 你都不能逃避履行你作为牧师的使命
As a priest and as an officer, your post is here. 你作为一个牧师和官员的岗位就在此地
with no weaknesses of spirit or of self-confessions. 这里，没有畏首畏尾，没有顾影自怜
Fight and overcome it and pray. 只有奋斗、自我超越和祈祷
Remember the excuse Pedro gave the Lord. 想想门徒佩德罗对上帝说谎的故事
"Lord, I have tried fishing all night 他说，上帝啊，我钓了一整夜的鱼
but haven't been successful." 却一无所获
God reprimanded him and the apostle bowed his head. 门徒垂着头接受上帝的斥责
"Trusting your word I will throw my nets." 上帝说，相信你的话，我就会撒网了。
Remember it Father,remember it. 牢记啊牢记在心啊，神父
And a miracle took place. 奇迹就是发生的
And if you do it this way, Father, God will smile upon you 如果你这样做，神父，上帝会眷顾你的
but He will let it be you who makes the effort. 他会让你努力
And this effort will have its reward. 你的努力不会白费的
This is your war, Father. 这是你的斗争啊，神父
Stand at attention on the count of one. 立正 报数
Two. 二
And three. 三
At ease! 稍息
Attention! 立正
Headquarters. Yes. 指挥部 在
Captain. 队长
Staff. Yes, yes, okay.Thank you. 幕僚长 好好好 谢谢你
We have visitors. 客人来了
- Enemy planes are approaching. - Tell the Father. -敌军正在逼近 -快去报告神父
Tell the Father to hurry up. 让神父快点结束
It's impossible to do that now.He is doing the consecration. 不行，他正在做弥撒
Scatter yourselves, hurry! 全体都有 快散开
This isn't anything major. 你不会有事的
Paco! 帕科！
Hello, hello, how are you? 嗨，你好哇
How are you all? 大家别来无恙啊~
- Hey, hey, how am I? - How are you? -嘿，你觉得我怎么样？ -你怎么样？
If I tell you how you are,you won't get mad at me? 如果我说实话，你不会生气吧？
- I won't get mad. - Are you sure? Then I will tell you. -我不会生气的 -你确定？那我告诉你咯
My friend Tony,you are very rude. 托尼，你太粗鲁了
- What did you say? - You are very rude. -你说啥？ -你是个没教养的人
Okay, then show me why I am rude. 好，拿出证据来
Okay, an explanation of why you are rude. 没问题
Very simple.The first thing you should do when you stand before an audience 非常简单，当一个人站到观众朋友们面前时
is to take off your hat,greet the public, 首先他应该脱帽致礼
say good morning, good afternoon, or good evening,whatever you prefer. 问候观众朋友们好，上午好啦下午好啦晚上好啦
You have this horrible habit of not taking off your little hat. 而你就是不肯把自己的小帽帽摘下来
- Hey, hey, give me my little hat. - Nope, I won't. -嘿，把我的小帽子捡起来 -我不
- Give me the little hat. - I won't give it to you. -把我小帽帽捡起来 -我偏不
- My head will get cold. - Doesn't matter. -我的脑袋会着凉的 -没事儿
Look, I'm getting a bee in my bonnet and it's going to get ugly. 我的身体都开始发冷了我的膝盖也冷
Doesn't matter. 没事儿
Look, I am not going to give it to you. Let it be a lesson. 我不会给你捡的，这是给你的一个教训
I don't want to give it to you. 我不捡
Come here and kindly don't play with my wardrobe. 你过来，不要破坏我的着装
- Give me my hat. - Give me mine first. -把我帽子捡起来 -你先把我的捡起来
No, Sir. You give me mine first. 不行，你先把我的捡起来
- Today he doesn't trust me. - So you don't want to give it to me. -今天我们之间没有信任了 -所以你不愿意把我帽子捡起来
Won't you give me my hat first? You won't give it to me? 你就不能先把我的帽子捡起来还给我？
- You first. - Oh yeah? Well, let's see. -你先 -好那我们来讲讲道理
If I make a comparison and I convince you, 首先我来陈述我的道理如果你觉得有理
you will give me my hat.Yes or no? 你就先把我帽子还我好伐？
Well, if you can convince me maybe I'll give it to you. 好，如果你能说服我，我就给你帽子
Good, I am going to make a comparison. 好，我要开始讲道理了哈
Let's suppose that there is a large hat shop right in front of here. 假如我们的正前方就有一家帽子店
You are in front of this hat shop. 你站在店门前
You go inside... 你进去以后
- and they show you a new... - New. -店员给你展示了一顶崭新的 -崭新的
- elegant... - Elegant. -优雅的 -优雅的
- fabulous... - Tuberculous. -无与伦比的 -结状的
No, no. Fabulous. 不，是无以伦比的
With feathers,a really lovely hat. 还装饰有羽毛，一顶及其漂亮的帽子
- An ugly hat? - No, really lovely. -一顶丑陋的帽子？ -不，漂亮的帽子
And then they show you a really horrible one. 然后他们有给你看了一顶巨丑的帽子
An old, green, bare... 老旧，绿色，没质感
Bare like its owner. 没质感的人才会带这种帽子
- Worth nothing. - It cost me five... -一文不值 -我可花了5...
Look, if someone were going to give you one of them, 听着，如果给你一个在这两顶帽子中选择的机会
which one would you choose? The new one or the old one? 你会选新的还是旧的？
Well... the new one! 我....选新的！
You would choose the new one.Well, that's it then. 你要新的。那不就得了
Take mine because it's the new one. 把我的帽子捡起来因为我的帽子就是新的
- That抯 not a bad comparison. - Naturally. -有道理 -那是当然
- What did you say? - Naturally, I convinced you. -你说啥？ -你被我说服啦，这是理所应当的事
- Yes. Naturally? - Of course. -理所应当？ -对啊
Well look, neither naturally or factually. 不，一点也不理所应当
You won't give it to me? 你不肯把帽子捡给我咯？
But let's see,didn't I convince you? 难道我没有说服你吗？
- Yes. - Then give me my hat right now. -说服了 -那你现在就把我帽子捡给我撒
Now it my turn to make a comparison. 现在轮到我讲道理了
That's a good one. You are going to give me a comparison. 好，你要跟我讲道理
Go ahead. 来吧
- Let's suppose tomorrow you go out. - I go out. -假如明天你出门 -我出门去
And one of those athletic types passes in front of your house. 一个运动员模样的人经过你家门口
An athlete, a young man. 一个年轻的运动员
And from the other direction 同时从相反方向走来一个瘦弱的老人
comes a little old man about 90 or 95 years old. 90到95岁之间
Okay, an old man. 好，一个老人
Comes from the opposite direction. 从反方向走来
They reach the middle and trip and both fall. 走到半道他们都摔倒了
Both fall on the ground. 两人都摔倒在地
Who would you help get up first,the old or the young man? 你会先扶谁？老人还是年轻人？
What kind of a question is that? 这是什么问题嘛？
Of course, I would help the old man get up first. 当然是先扶老人啊
Just like my hat, which is 90 years old. 那不就得了，我的帽子就像是90岁的老人啊
Well, that is just great! 这个比方打得挺好
You have really convinced me.Here's your hat. 我确实被你说服了,给你帽子
But hey, 但是
now you pick up mine. 现在你该给把我的帽子捡给我了吧
- Yours? - Yep. -你的帽子？ -对啊
Well, since it's young it can get up by itself. 这个嘛，既然你的帽子如年轻人般身强力壮，它可以自己站起来嘛
Well, that is just great.I didn't like that at all. 有道理，但是我可不喜欢
So you think you are really smart, huh? 你是觉得自己很机智咯？
Of course. 那是当然
So so smart.Much smarter than you. 我可比你聪明多了
- Very good. - Did you like it? -好极了 -你喜欢吗？
Let's play another. 我们再换个玩儿法
Very good. 忒棒了
我准备做些小改变
作为一个演员，我要即兴做一些剧本上没有写或者导演没有安排的事
我要去做些自己喜欢的事
我准备唱首歌
我想唱歌是因为，我喜欢音乐，曾经我还当过歌手
但我从未在大银幕上唱过歌，从未在电影里唱过歌
我也还想朗诵点儿什么
我想朗诵爱伦坡的《乌鸦》
一首绝美的诗
Excuse me.Let's start all over. Sorry. 该死，不好意思，我再来一遍，抱歉
I'll start over because I missed something. 重新来过，我唱错了
Silence ... 肃静...
Cut ... 停...
Give it to me. 给我吧
爱伦坡的《乌鸦》绝对是英文诗歌中无与伦比的作品
韵律优美
富有感情色彩
我认为在某种程度上诗中的人物是诗人的本人的写照
正如诗歌勾勒出的
一个忧伤、苦闷、孤独、失意的人
坐在火炉旁读着书，倦意逐渐袭来
突然一阵噪声，他起身至窗边察看
（我长话短说）
一只小鸟飞了进来
小鸟栖在了房间里一个半身塑像上
起初，男人平静又略感喜悦地与小鸟说话
然后他发现这只乌鸦只会说一个字
这个字逐渐把他逼得歇斯底里
因为无论他问什么问题-
逝去的爱、生活、未来
答案永远是一样的
这应该是我读过的所以诗歌中,唯一一部
仅用一个词就能表达如此强烈的情感的
Cut. How much film do we have left? 停。我们还要多少没拍？
Let's do another take. 我们再拍一段
Yes, you told me that when I finish my narration, we could cut the take. 好，但是你跟我说解释完诗歌就停了
- Yes, when you were finished. - Yes, but we are still filming. -对，你介绍完诗歌就停 -对，但是它还在拍啊
Cut, cut. 停，停 ++++++++
从前一个阴郁的子夜
我独自沉思，慵懒疲竭
面对许多古怪离奇并早已被人遗忘的书卷
当我开始打盹，睡意昏沉
突然传来一阵轻擂\
N仿佛有人在轻轻叩击，轻轻叩击我房间的门环
“有客来也”我轻声嘟喃，“正在叩击我的门环”
“唯此而已，别无他般”
然后我推开了窗户
随着翅膀的一阵猛扑
一只神圣往昔的乌鸦庄重地走进我的房间
它既没有片刻的停留
也没向我致意问候
而是以绅士淑女的风度 也没向我致意问候
而是以绅士淑女的风度
栖到我房门的上面
栖在我房门上方一尊帕拉斯半身雕像上面
栖息在哪儿，仅此这般
于是这只黑鸟把我悲伤的幻觉哄骗成微笑
以它那老成持重一本正经温文尔雅的容颜 于是这只黑鸟把我悲伤的幻觉哄骗成微笑
以它那老成持重一本正经温文尔雅的容颜
“冠毛虽被除”，我说，
“但你显然不是懦夫”
你这幽灵般可怕的乌鸦
漂泊来自夜的彼岸
请告诉我你的尊姓大名，在黑沉沉的阴间”
乌鸦答曰“永不复焉”
“让这话做我们的告别之辞，鸟或魔！”
我起身吼道
回你的暴风雨中去吧，回你黑沉沉的夜之彼岸
别留下你黑色的羽毛作为你灵魂撒谎的象征
留给我完整的孤独！快从我雕像上滚蛋！
让你的嘴离开我的心，让你的身子离开我房间！
乌鸦答曰“永不复焉”。
那只乌鸦并没有飞走，它仍然栖息，仍然栖息
栖息在房门上方苍白的帕拉斯半身雕像上
它的眼光与正在做梦的魔鬼的眼光一模一样
照在它身上的灯光把它的阴影投射在地板
而我的灵魂会从那团漂浮在地板上的阴影中
解脱么.....
永不复焉！
Ok, are you ready? 你准备好了吗？
What do I have to say,"never more"? 我应该说什么来着，永不复焉？
Yes, the last phrase. 对，最后一句
Action! 开始！
永不复焉！