>> Reagan: 现在是时候让我们意识到，作为一个伟大的国家，我们不应将自己局限于渺小的梦想。 >> Reagan: It is time for us to realize that we are too great a nation to limit ourselves to small dreams.
>> Donaldson: 距离 Reagan 离开总统职位并没有多久，但他已经成为了一个神话般的人物。 >> Donaldson: It hasn't been long since Reagan left the presidency, but already, he's a mythical figure.
>> crowd: 再干四年！ >> crowd: Four more years!
他曾两次当选总统。 He was twice elected president.
>> Reagan: 我想那已经安排好了。 >> Reagan: I think that's just been arranged.
(观众欢呼) (Crowd cheers)
在那个以怀疑开始的十年里。 In a decade that began with doubt.
>> Reagan: 我们并不像某些人让我们相信的那样，注定要不可避免地走向衰落。 >> Reagan: We are not, as some would have us believe, doomed to an inevitable decline.
>> Schieffer: 在危机时刻，人们想要一个可以信任的人。 >> Schieffer: People want someone that they can trust in a time of crisis,
就在总统职位几乎陷入一片狼藉的时候，Ronald Reagan 出现了。 and at a time when the presidency was literally almost in shambles, along came Ronald Reagan.
>> Reagan: 我不相信有一种命运，无论我们做什么都会降临在我们头上。 >> Reagan: I do not believe in a fate that will fall on us no matter what we do.
>> Cannon: Ronald Reagan 的伟大之处在于美国就在他的内心深处， >> Cannon: The greatness of Ronald Reagan was that America was inside of inside of him,
而他将这种精神回馈给了我们。 and he gave it back to us.
>> Reagan: 那些说我们处于一个没有英雄的时代的人，他们只是不知道去哪里寻找。 >> Reagan: Those who say that we're in a time when there are no heroes, they just don't know where to look.
>> Donaldson on radio: 响了五六声枪响。 >> Donaldson on radio: Five or six shots rang out.
至少有一人中弹。 At least one person was hit.
>> Donaldson: Reagan 对这次死里逃生的处理，确实极大地推动了他的总统任期。 >> Donaldson: Reagan's handling of his narrow escape from death really helped propel his presidency.
>> Reagan: Gorbachev 先生，推倒这堵墙！ >> Reagan: Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall.
(观众欢呼) (Crowd cheers)
崇拜者称他为英雄。 Admirers have called him a hero.
批评者称他为空架子。 Critics, an empty suit.
但神话背后的那个人究竟是谁？ But just who was the man behind the myth?
>> Cannon: 如果说 Reagan 有什么秘密的话， >> Cannon: If there was a secret to Reagan,
那就是他总想被看作是一个成功者，并在他所做的任何事情上都取得成功。 it was that he always wanted to be seen as a success and to be a success in anything that he did.
>> Reagan: 我的美国同胞们，这十年的旅程非常精彩，我们共同渡过了一些波涛汹涌的海域。 >> Reagan: My fellow Americans, it's been quite a journey, this decade, and we held together through some stormy seas.
最后，我们共同抵达了目的地。 And at the end, together we're reaching our destination.
>> Schieffer: Ronald Reagan 离开时带有一种神秘色彩。 >> Schieffer: There was an air of mystery about Ronald Reagan when he left.
>> Schieffer: 我记得当时在想：“这个从西方骑马而来的和蔼家伙究竟是谁？” >> Schieffer: And I remember thinking, "Who was this man, this genial guy who rode out of the west?
“他成功的秘诀是什么？又是什么在支撑着他？” What was the key to his success, and what was it that made him tick?"
>> crowd: Reagan 万岁！ >> crowd: Viva Reagan!
Reagan 万岁！ Viva Reagan!
>> Reagan: 非常感谢大家。 >> Reagan: Thank you very much.
1980年7月17日晚，前好莱坞演员 Ronald Reagan On the night of July 17, 1980, Ronald Reagan, a former Hollywood actor,
登上了共和党全国代表大会的舞台。 takes the stage at the Republican National Convention.
他出现在那里是为了接受他生命中最重要的一场戏。 He's there to accept what could be the most important role of his life.
>> Reagan: 嗯，今晚第一个令人兴奋的事是，发现自己很久以来第一次在黄金时段出现在电影里。 >> Reagan: Well, the first thrill tonight was to find myself for the first time in a long time in a movie on primetime.
(欢呼与掌声) (Cheers and applause)
当16,000名代表为他欢呼时，与 Reagan 结婚28年的妻子 Nancy 在舞台左侧注视着。 As the 16,000 delegates cheer him on, Nancy, Reagan's wife of 28 years, watches from stage left.
>> Reagan: 他们说美国的全盛时期已经过去，我们的国家已经过了巅峰期。 >> Reagan: They say that the United States has had its day in the sun, that our nation has passed its zenith.
>> Powell: 1980年，我在 President Carter 领导下的国防部长办公室工作。 >> Powell: In 1980, I was in the Secretary of Defense's office working under President Carter.
那时候国家正处于一些困难之中。 And the country was in some difficulty then.
>> Reagan: 他们希望你告诉你的孩子们，美国人民不再有意志去应对他们的问题， >> Reagan: They expect you to tell your children that the American people no longer have the will to cope with their problems,
未来将是充满牺牲且机会寥寥。 that the future will be one of sacrifice and few opportunities.
我的同胞们，我完全拒绝那种观点。 My fellow citizens, I utterly reject that view.
(欢呼与掌声) (Cheers and applause)
>> Powell: 然后突然间，这位来自加利福尼亚州的候选人出现了，他阳光灿烂地说：“最好的还在后头。” >> Powell: And then suddenly, along came this candidate from California who was sunny and said, "The best is yet ahead."
>> Reagan: 带着对你们信任所赋予责任的深刻认识， >> Reagan: With a deep awareness of the responsibility conferred by your trust,
我接受你们对美国总统职位的提名。 I accept your nomination for the presidency of the United States.
(欢呼与掌声，气喇叭齐鸣，行进乐队演奏) (Cheers and applause, air horns honking, marching band playing)
当 Reagan 夫妇在乔·路易斯体育馆内的聚光灯下享受荣光时…… As the Reagans bask in the spotlight inside the Joe Louis Arena...
(警笛轰鸣，人群叫喊) 场外，这个国家的许多人都在担忧自己的未来。 (Sirens wailing, crowd shouting) Outside, much of the country wonders about its future.
>> radio reporter: 今天上午下跌了12.42点…… >> radio reporter: Down 12.42 this morning...
随着十分之一的人失业…… With one in ten out of work...
>> radio reporter: 汽油价格再次上涨…… >> radio reporter: The price of gas is on the rise again...
许多选民感到他们的美国梦正在悄然溜走。 Many voters feel their American dream is slipping away.
在世界的另一端，52名美国人正被囚禁在美国驻伊朗大使馆内。 On the other side of the world, 52 Americans are being held captive at the U.S. Embassy in Iran.
而美国基本上无力释放他们。 And America is essentially powerless to free them.
>> Donaldson: 在1980年，这个国家陷入了困境。 >> Donaldson: In 1980, the country had fallen on hard times.
Jimmy Carter 总统也陷入了困境。 Jimmy Carter, the president, had fallen on hard times.
这两者可能是交织在一起的。 The two might have been intertwined.
>> Colacello: Carter 个人给人留下的印象是，他在某种程度上比这个职位要“小”。 >> Colacello: Carter personally came across as somehow smaller than the office.
他以穿开襟羊毛衫而闻名，我想起初美国公众被这种形象所吸引， He was famous for his cardigan sweaters, and I think, at first, the American public was charmed by that,
但渐渐地，我认为这让普通人感到厌烦。 but little by little, it got to be annoying, I think, for the average person.
到1980年夏天，Jimmy Carter 总统的支持率处于历史最低点。 By the summer of 1980, President Jimmy Carter's approval rating is at an all-time low.
只有30%的美国人认为他做得很好。 Only 30% of the American people believe he is doing a good job.
对 Reagan 来说，通往胜利的大门似乎敞开着。 The door to victory is seemingly wide open for Reagan.
>> Reagan: 在过去几个月我走遍全国的过程中， >> Reagan: As I've traveled across the nation these past few months,
很明显有一个问题在全面影响并伤害着每个人， it's clear that there's one problem that cuts evenly across the board hurting everybody,
那就是通货膨胀这个共同的敌人。 and that's the common enemy of inflation.
>> Gergen: Reagan 从一开始就明确表示，他想强调经济问题。 >> Gergen: Reagan made it very clear from the beginning that he wanted to emphasize the economy.
>> Reagan: 四年前，一根面包卖39美分。今天，它卖85美分。 >> Reagan: Four years ago, bread cost 39 cents a loaf. Today, it's 85 cents.
如果再经历四年的 Carter 式通货膨胀，价格将涨到1.85美元。 And with another four years of Carter inflation, it will rise to $1.85.
>> Gergen: 首要任务的一、二、三条都将是经济复苏、经济复苏、经济复苏。 >> Gergen: And that priorities number one, two and three were gonna be economic recovery, economic recovery, economic recovery.
>> Reagan: 衰退是指你的邻居失去了工作。 >> Reagan: A recession is when your neighbor loses his job.
萧条是指你失去了你的工作，而复苏则是指 Jimmy Carter 失去了他的工作。 A depression is when you lose yours, and recovery is when Jimmy Carter loses his.
(观众欢呼) (Crowd cheers)
但尽管 Reagan 承诺了繁荣，他在民调中仍然落后。 But despite Reagan's promise of prosperity, he is trailing in the polls.
距离选举日不到两个月，Carter 正在加大攻势， With less than two months until election day, Carter's turning up the heat,
指责 Reagan 对苏联持鹰派立场。 calling out Reagan for his hawkish stance against the Soviet Union.
>> Carter: 我不认为这个国家需要一位 >> Carter: I don't believe this country needs a president
相信控制核武器的最佳方式是开启核军备竞赛的总统。 who believes that the best way to control nuclear weapons is to start a nuclear arms race.
>> Hinerfeld: 女性选民联盟很自豪地呈现这场总统辩论。 >> Hinerfeld: The League of Women Voters is proud to present this presidential debate.
在媒体上进行了数周的远程隔空较量后， After weeks of long-distance sparring in the media,
Carter 总统和 Ronald Reagan 迎来了选战中第一次也是唯一一次的面对面交锋。 President Carter and Ronald Reagan are face to face for the first and what will be the only time in the campaign.
>> Smith: 正如两位先生所同意的，本次辩论的基本规则如下…… >> Smith: The ground rules for this, as agreed by you gentlemen, are these...
估计有8000万美国人在家收看，对两位候选人来说，这就是真相时刻。 With an estimated 80 million Americans watching at home, for both candidates, this is the moment of truth.
>> Schieffer: Reagan 的团队有点担心 Reagan 的表现， >> Schieffer: The Reagan people were a little worried about how Reagan might do
因为他从来不擅长掌握大量的硬事实。 because he was never one for having a lot of hard facts at his fingertips.
他更倾向于谈论主题。 He spoke in themes.
我认为 Carter 的团队也在担心 Reagan 可能会让他们下不了台。 And I think the Carter people were also worried that Reagan might show them up.
>> Reagan: 当 Carter 先生就任总统时，通货膨胀率是4.8%。 >> Reagan: When Mr. Carter became president, inflation was 4.8%.
现在则是12.7%。 It is now running at 12.7%.
他指责人民生活得太好了。 He has blamed the people of living too well.
我们有通货膨胀不是因为人民生活得太好。 We don't have inflation because the people are living too well.
我们有通货膨胀是因为政府生活得太好了。 We have inflation because the government is living too well.
>> Carter: 我很惊讶 Reagan 州长会提起这件事。 >> Carter: I'm surprised Governor Reagan brought this up.
>> Donaldson: Carter 逐条引用了 Reagan 那些并不出色的政绩。 >> Donaldson: Carter cited chapter and verse Reagan's record that wasn't good.
>> Carter: 在加利福尼亚州，在他的政府领导下，该州经历了历史上三次规模最大的增税。 >> Carter: In California, he had the three largest tax increases in the history of that state under his administration.
他还主张对苏联保持核优势。 He also advocates nuclear superiority with the Soviet Union.
这种态度在语气上极其危险且具有挑衅性。 This attitude is extremely dangerous and belligerent in its tone.
>> Reagan: 这根本不是事实。 >> Reagan: It is just not true.
我已经阐明了我的观点，即要求双方削减这些武器， My point, I have made already, calls for a mutual reduction of these weapons,
正如我所说，削减到我们任何一方都不能构成威胁的程度。 as I say, to the point that neither of us can represent a threat.
到辩论进行到第80分钟时，Reagan 和 Carter 各有攻守，但仍未分出胜负。 By the 80th minute of the debate, Reagan and Carter had each landed some jabs, but there's still no decisive winner.
距离辩论结束仅剩五分钟，出奇制胜的机会所剩无几。 With only five minutes to go, the time to land the knockout punch is running out.
>> Gergen: 我被征召去撰写结辩陈词，这在这些辩论中非常重要。 >> Gergen: I was drafted to write a final statement, which are very important in these debates.
我们为他设计了一系列反问句。 We came up with a series of rhetorical questions for him.
其中一个是，“问问你自己……” And one of them was, "Just ask yourself..."
>> Reagan: 你们的生活比四年前更好了吗？ >> Reagan: Are you better off than you were four years ago?
>> Gergen: 坐在客厅里的70%到80%的美国人回答说：“你知道吗？ >> Gergen: And 70, 80% of Americans sitting in their living rooms said, "You know what?
我生活得并不好。 I'm not better off.
我现在的处境比 Jimmy Carter 就任总统时更糟。” I'm worse off than I was when Jimmy Carter became president."
>> Reagan: 如果你们认为我们在过去四年中所走的道路不是你们希望我们在未来四年继续追随的， >> Reagan: If you don't think that this course that we've been on for the last four years is what you would like to see us follow for the next four,
那么我可以为你们提供另一种选择。 then I could suggest another choice that you have.
>> Cronkite: 在这个选举日，全美只有不到五分之一的选票被统计完毕， >> Cronkite: Not quite 1/5 of the nation's vote has been counted on this election day,
但 Ronald Reagan 已经以扫荡之势取得了极早的领先。 but Ronald Reagan has jumped into a very early and a sweeping lead.
当选举之夜的结果开始陆续出炉时，Reagan 夫妇正在洛杉矶的家中。 As the returns start rolling in on election night, the Reagans are at home in Los Angeles.
>> Colacello: 他在淋浴。 >> Colacello: He's in the shower.
她在泡澡。 She's in the bathtub.
这时电话响了。 And the phone rings.
她接了电话。 And she answers it.
>> Colacello: 对方说，“我是 Jimmy Carter，我打电话来承认竞选失败。” >> Colacello: And they say, "It's Jimmy Carter calling to concede."
于是她拼命敲浴室门大喊，“Ronnie, Ronnie，你赢了！” >> And she's banging on the shower door saying, "Ronnie, Ronnie, you've won."
他光着身子从淋浴室走出来，浑身滴着水，腰间围着毛巾，听着 Jimmy Carter 向他承认败选。 >> And he comes out of the shower dripping wet with a towel around him, hears Jimmy Carter concede the election to him.
>> Reagan: 我，Ronald Reagan，庄严宣誓…… >> Reagan: I, Ronald Reagan, do solemnly swear...
凭借在44个州的胜出，这对 Ronald Reagan 来说是一场压倒性的胜利。 With 44 states in his favor, it's a resounding victory for Ronald Reagan.
>> Reagan: 我将忠实执行美利坚合众国总统的职权。 >> Reagan: That I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States.
1981年1月20日上午，4100万美国人守在电视机前， >> Narattor: On the morning of January 20, 1981, 41 million Americans are in front of a TV,
这是有史以来观看总统就职演说观众人数最多的一次。 the largest audience ever to watch a presidential inauguration.
>> Reagan: 在上帝的帮助下，我们能够、也将解决目前面临的问题。 >> Reagan: Together, with God's help, we can and will resolve the problems which now confront us.
毕竟，我们为什么不应该相信这一点呢？ And after all, why shouldn't we believe that?
我们是美国人。 We are Americans.
愿上帝保佑你们，谢谢。 God bless you, and thank you.
(掌声) 非常感谢。 (Applause) Thank you very much.
Ronald Reagan 现在是美利坚合众国第40任总统。 Ronald Reagan is now the 40th president of the United States.
69岁的他是宣誓就任国家最高职位时年龄最大的人。 At age 69, he's the oldest man to be sworn into the nation's highest office.
在他就职20分钟后，被囚禁在伊朗的52名美国人在被关押444天后获释。 20 minutes into his presidency, the 52 Americans held in Iran are released after 444 days in captivity.
在宾夕法尼亚大道上，游行的人群在欢庆，总统和第一夫人缓缓经过，走向他们的新家。 Along Pennsylvania Avenue, parade goers rejoice as the president and the first lady glide past them toward their new home.
>> Reagan: 无论是 Nancy 还是我，都没有对第一次以合法居民身份进入白宫时的那份激动做好心理准备。 >> Reagan: Nothing had prepared me or Nancy for the emotion we felt the first time we entered the White House as its legal residents.
>> Reagan: 我想直到那时，当 Nancy 和我手牵手走过巨大的中央大厅时，我才真正意识到——我是总统。 >> Reagan: I think it was only then, as Nancy and I walked hand in hand down the great central hall that it hit home--I was president.
我感到肩上的责任沉甸甸的，并默默认真祷告，请求上帝在我这份新工作中给予帮助。 I felt a weight come down on my shoulders and said a prayer, asking God's help in my new job.
>> 我怀着崇高的敬意欢迎美利坚合众国第40任总统，Ronald Wilson Reagan。 >> It is my distinct honor to welcome the 40th president of the United States, Ronald Wilson Reagan.
3月30日，Reagan 总统在华盛顿希尔顿酒店登台发表讲话。 On March 30th, President Reagan takes the stage at the Hilton Hotel in Washington.
(掌声) 随着他的支持率持续下滑， (Applause) With his approval rating sliding,
由于民主党控制的国会反对他的国内议程，他正艰难地履行其竞选承诺。 he's struggling to make good on his campaign promises with a Democratic Congress opposed to his domestic agenda.
为了争取工会的支持，他向美国劳工联合会-产业工会联合会 (AFL-CIO) 发表了演讲。 Hoping to get the unions behind him, he gives a speech to the AFL-CIO.
>> Donaldson: 我记不得他在演讲中说了什么，我想在场的大多数观众也都不记得了。 >> Donaldson: I can't remember a thing he said during the speech, and I imagine most of the people in the audience can't either.
>> 总统先生！ >> Mr. President!
(枪声) (女子尖叫声) (嘈杂的喊声) (Gunshots) (Woman screams) (Indistinct shouting)
>> Donaldson on radio: 在华盛顿希尔顿酒店这里， >> Donaldson on radio: Here at the Washington Hilton,
就在 Reagan 总统离开酒店准备进入他的座驾时，现场响起了枪声。 >>shots rang out as President Reagan was leaving the hotel and about to enter his limousine.
(嘈杂的喊声) 至少有一人被击中并倒在人行道上，身上流着血。 (Indistinct shouting) At least one person was hit and fell to the sidewalk with blood coming from his body.
那个人并不是总统。 It was not the president.
>> Donaldson: 特勤局主管和他的助手护卫在 Ronald Reagan 的两侧，他们朝轿车走去。 >> Donaldson: The lead agent and his associate were flanking Ronald Reagan, and they walked toward the limousine.
>> 总统先生！ >> 总统先生！ >> Donaldson: 于是我们开始发问，Reagan 转向我们。 >> Mr. President! >> Mr. President! >> Donaldson: So we started asking, and Reagan turned toward us.
我想他当时可能是想对我们说些什么。 I think he probably was going to say something to us.
就在那时…… And at that time...
>> Donaldson on radio: 响了五、六声枪响。 >> Donaldson on radio: Five or six shots rang out.
听起来像是手枪射击的声音。 It sounded like a pistol shot.
>> Parr: 瞬间我就明白那不是鞭炮声。 >> Parr: I think instantly I knew they weren't firecrackers.
>> 当枪声响起时，总统的特勤局主管 Jerry Parr 就站在 Reagan 身后。 >> Jerry Parr, the president's lead secret service agent, is positioned behind Reagan when the shots rang out.
>> Parr: 近距离的转轮手枪射击声有一种独特的感觉，听起来更加刺耳和令人不安。 >> Parr: There's something about a revolver shot up close, that seemed to be a angrier sound.
(枪声) >> Donaldson: 我盯着 Ronald Reagan。 (Gunshots) >> Donaldson: I watched Ronald Reagan.
我想，当他们把他推入车内时，他脸上的表情流露出的是惊讶。 There was a look on his face of--as they pushed him in the car of surprise, I thought.
我没看到痛苦的神情。 I didn't see a look of agony.
当然，我当时也没看到任何弹孔。 I didn't see, of course, any bullet wound.
>> Parr: 当我们进入车内时，我左手抓住他的左臂，将他按在座位下面。 >> Parr: I grabbed him with my left hand on his left arm and was pulling him down as we went into the car.
我的轮值组长 Ray Shattuck 把我的脚踢进车里，并猛地关上了车门。 Ray Shattuck, my shift leader, threw my feet in the car and slammed the door shut.
>> Donaldson on radio: 我不知道总统是否被击中。 >> Donaldson on radio: I don't know whether the president was hit.
我认为他没有。 I do not believe he was.
他的座驾在警车的护送下迅速撤离。 His car left rapidly under police escort.
>> Parr: 我们当时正准备直接返回白宫。 >> Parr: We were going right back to the White House.
>> Parr: 所以我做的第一件事就是把他扶起来，让他坐直。 >> Parr: And so the first thing that I did was I pushed him up into a sitting position.
>> Parr: 我的手从他的腰部向上摸进外衣里面，寻找血迹。 >> Parr: I ran my hands from his waist up under his coat looking for blood.
>> Parr: 当我没发现异常时，我告诉 Ray Shattuck 和后面的安保车说： >> Parr: When I didn't see anything, that's when I told Ray Shattuck and the security car behind us that,
“Rawhide（总统代号）没事。” "Rawhide is, uh--is okay."
我们当时正以大约五六十英里的时速疾驰。 And we were hustling along at about 50, 60 miles an hour.
就在我们经过杜邦圆环时，他说：“我觉得我把嘴里面割破了，” About the time we went under Dupont Circle, he said, "I think I've cut the inside of my mouth,"
他拿出一张餐巾纸，往里吐了一大口血，是鲜红色的血。 and he took out a napkin, and he spit up in it a lot of blood, bright-red blood.
>> Parr: 我心想，糟了，也许是我刚才扑向他时压断了他的肋骨。 >> Parr: I thought, well, maybe I cracked a rib when I went in on top of him.
>> Parr: 我当机立断，决定送他去医院，而不是回白宫。 >> Parr: I just made a quick decision to take him to the hospital rather than back to the White House.
>> Parr: 我说：“快点赶过去。” >> Parr: I said, "Let's hustle."
>> Cannon: Ronald Reagan 在伊利诺伊州长大，那里可以说是美国中部精神的缩影。 >> Cannon: Ronald Reagan grew to manhood in Illinois in a place that would be kind of the essence of middle America.
>> Anderson: 这是玉米之乡。 >> Anderson: This is corn country.
这是农田。 This is farmland.
这不是城市。 >> Cannon: 这是联邦的心脏地带。 This is not city. >> Cannon: This is the heart of the union.
1911年2月6日，Ronald Wilson Reagan 出生在伊利诺伊州的小镇塔姆皮科。 Ronald Wilson Reagan is born on February 6, 1911, in the small town of Tampico, Illinois.
绰号“Dutch”的他，是 Jack 和 Nelle Reagan 的第二个儿子。 Nicknamed "Dutch," he is the second son of Jack and Nelle Reagan.
Jack 是一名皮鞋推销员，嗜酒如命，也是个爱在当地小酒吧里给酒友讲故事的人。 Jack is a shoe salesman with a thirst for liquor, a storyteller who loves to regale fellow drinkers at the local saloon.
Nelle 是位家庭主妇，她加入了基督会，这是一个坚决反对饮酒的基督教教会。 Nelle is a housewife who joins the Disciples of Christ, a Christian church staunchly opposed to the consumption of alcohol.
>> Colacello: Nelle Reagan 加入这个教会实际上是对 Jack Reagan 的一种反击， >> Colacello: Nelle Reagan joining this church was really a rebuke to Jack Reagan,
因为他确实有酗酒问题。 who really had a drinking problem.
>> Colacello: 他是那种会清醒很长一段时间的人，但当一切进展顺利时， >> Colacello: He was the kind of drinker who would stay sober for a long time and then when things were going well,
他就会连续狂饮三天，然后失踪，丢掉工作。 he would go on these 3-day binges, disappear, and lose his job.
Jack 无法保持稳定的工作，迫使 Reagan 一家辗转于各个城镇。 Jack's inability to hold a steady job forces the Reagan family to bounce from town to town.
>> Cannon: 加尔斯堡、塔姆皮科、蒙茅斯、芝加哥—— >> Cannon: Galesburg, Tampico, Monmouth, Chicago--
少年时代这种颠沛流离的状态确实影响了他，因为你如何结交朋友呢？ the nomadic-ness of his boyhood really affected him because how can you make friends?
他在一个地方待的时间不够久，无法拥有朋友。 He wasn't in one place long enough to have 'em.
>> Colacello: 他已经习惯了经常独处。 >> Colacello: He'd gotten used to being alone a lot.
他喜欢在森林里闲逛。 He loved to hang out in the woods.
他非常独立自主。 He was very self-sufficient.
9岁时，Ronald 和他的家人搬到了伊利诺伊州的迪克森。 By the age of 9, Ronald and his family move to Dixon, Illinois.
Jack 找到了稳定的工作，Reagan 一家的生活第一次看起来步入了正轨。 Jack finds steady work, and for the first time, life for the Reagans is seemingly on track.
>> Colacello: 但有一天，Ronald Reagan 放学回家， >> Colacello: But one day, Ronald Reagan comes home from school,
发现父亲瘫倒在前廊上，醉得不省人事，完全失去了知觉。 and there's his father sprawled out on the front porch, completely drunk, you know, completely out of it.
>> Cannon: Reagan 在讲这个故事时提到，他本来打算绕过他上床睡觉， >> Cannon: Part of Reagan, as he tells this story, he's just gonna go by him and go up to bed,
但当时正下着雪，天气很冷，所以他把这个男人拖了进去。 but it's snowing and it's cold, so he drags this guy in.
>> Colacello: 他去找母亲说：“这太可怕了。”他的母亲说：“听着，你父亲病了，” >> Colacello: He went to his mother and said, "This is just horrible." His mother said, "Look, your father has an illness,"
她说，“他真的在努力，你必须体谅他。” and she said, "He really tries, and you have to be understanding of him."
她说，“当生活中发生坏事时，那是因为上帝将在未来的道路上成就好事。” She said, "When something bad happens in life, that's because God is going to make something good happen down the way."
>> 牧师: 所以我们赞美我们的天父…… >> priest: So we praise our father...
>> 众人: 我们在天上的父，愿人都尊你的名为圣…… >> crowd: Who art in heaven, hallowed be they name...
像他的母亲一样，11岁的 Ronald 在基督会中找到了希望和慰藉的源泉。 Like his mother, 11-year-old Ronald finds a wellspring of hope and comfort in the Disciples of Christ.
1922年9月21日，Ronald Reagan 在迪克森的教会受洗。 On September 21, 1922, Ronald Reagan is baptized in the church in Dixon.
>> Colacello: 到15岁时，他已经在教主日学课程了，他在主持复活节讲道。 >> Colacello: By 15, he was teaching Sunday school classes, he was delivering the Easter sermon,
他通过教会在培养他的演讲技巧和表演能力。 he was developing his speaking skills and his performing skills through the church.
>> Cannon: George Will 曾说过 Ronald Reagan 有一种获得幸福的天赋。 >> Cannon: George Will once said that Ronald Reagan had a talent for happiness.
我认为那是对的。 And I think that's right.
我认为他这种天赋是从他母亲那里继承来的。 And I think he got that talent from his mother.
到上高中时，Ronald 已经出类拔萃。 By the time he reaches high school, Ronald is thriving.
他是个全优生，是游泳队和足球队的成员，也是班上最受欢迎的孩子之一。 He's an "A" student, a member of the swimming and football teams, and one of the most popular kids in his class.
>> Colacello: 你最终会觉得，天哪，这就是那种每个人都会喜欢的孩子。 >> Colacello: You just end up feeling, God, this is the kind of kid everybody would like.
>> Colacello: 他总是那种让每个人都说“他真不错”的人。 >> Colacello: He was always the guy that everyone said, "He's so nice.
>> Colacello: “让我们选他当俱乐部主席吧。”他并不是刻意要当主席。 >> Colacello: Let's make him president of the club." He didn't set out to be president of the club.
这些机会是自然而然降临到他身上的。 These things came his way.
但 Reagan 也是个勤奋工作的人。 But Reagan is also a hard worker.
在夏天，他白天在小卖部工作， In the summers he spends his days working a concession stand
并在洛克河的一段危险水域担任救生员。据报道，在他工作的五年里救了77条人命。 and life guarding a dangerous stretch of the Rock River, saving a reported 77 lives in his 5 years on the job.
>> Cannon: 当我第一次听到那个数字时，我心想， >> Cannon: When I first heard that number, I thought, you know,
“这是从哪个竞选办公室编出来的？”我很惊讶地发现其中大部分都是真的。 "what campaign office does this come out of?" I was surprised to find out how much of it was true.
>> Cannon: 我认为 Ronald Reagan 在某种程度上知道自己命中注定要成就一番事业，他是天之骄子。 >> Cannon: I think that Ronald Reagan, in some way, knew that he was destined for something, that he was destiny's child.
(警笛轰鸣，人群叫喊) (Sirens wailing, crowd shouting)
>> Donaldson: 当车停在急诊室门前时，急诊室里的人并不知道有人要来， >> Donaldson: When the car pulled up to the emergency room, the people in the emergency room didn't know that anyone was coming,
更不用说是美利坚合众国总统了。 let alone the President of the United States.
>> Parr: 所有人下了车，Shattuck 打开了车门。 >> Parr: And everybody got out of the car, and Shattuck opened the door.
>> Donaldson: 我们被告知，当车门打开时，Reagan 提了提他的裤子，整理了一下。 >> Donaldson: Reagan, we're told, as the door opened, hitched up his pants, his trousers.
这位老演员、老表演家，绝不会让自己在任何舞台上显得衣冠不整。 The old actor, the old performer not gonna be caught on any stage looking disheveled.
>> Parr: 我伸出手想扶他，但我看出来他并不打算接受。 >> Parr: I put my hand out there but saw he wasn't gonna take it.
你能看出来一个人是否打算把手交给你，但他没有。 You can tell if a man's gonna give you his hand, and he didn't give it to me.
所以我知道他想自己走进去。 So I knew he wanted to walk in.
当他走进门里大约18到20英尺时，他倒下了，失去了知觉。 And when he got in there, maybe 18 to 20 feet, he collapsed, unconscious.
>> Donaldson: 谢天谢地，总统没有被直接击中，因为那么近距离的一阵扫射正好与他擦肩而过。 >> Donaldson: Thank goodness that the president was not hit because a spray of shots that close just missed him.
在 Reagan 总统遇刺未遂后不久， Shortly after the assassination attempt on President Reagan,
Sam Donaldson 回到了 ABC 新闻台，与主播 Frank Reynolds 在一起。 Sam Donaldson is back at the ABC news desk with anchor Frank Reynolds.
>> Donaldson: 我们当时正在直播讨论，我们都觉得他没有被击中。 >> Donaldson: We were on the air live discussing the fact that we both felt he had not been hit.
>> Reynolds: Lyn Nofziger 在医院告诉记者，总统没有受伤—— >> Reynolds: Lyn Nofziger has told reporters at the hospital that the president was not wounded--
>> 男子: 他受伤了。 >> man: He was.
>> Reynolds: 他受伤了！ >> Reynolds: He was wounded!
噢，我的天哪！ Oh, my God!
>> Donaldson: 我们当时流露出的情感是显而易见的。 >> Donaldson: The emotions that we felt are obvious.
“那不是你的错。”好吧，是谁的错并不重要。 "It wasn't your fault." Well, it doesn't matter whose fault it was.
我们搞错了！ We were wrong!
在乔治·华盛顿医院，Reagan 总统正躺在5号创伤台上。 At George Washington Hospital, President Reagan is on trauma table five.
特勤局特工 Jerry Parr 守在他身边。 Secret service agent Jerry Parr is with him.
>> Parr: 他们立刻在他左腋下发现了一个洞。 >> Parr: They immediately found this hole under his left armpit.
他们为他拍了 X 光片，在主动脉附近发现了这颗子弹。 And they X-rayed him and found this bullet down near his aorta.
医生们认为，是 Jerry Parr 决定将座驾从白宫改道送往医院，救了 Reagan 的命。 The doctors credit Jerry Parr's choice to divert the limousine from the White House to the hospital with saving Reagan's life.
这是一个源于命运的决定。 It was a decision rooted in destiny.
>> Parr: 在30年代末，我陪父亲看了一部电影叫《特勤局代码》。 >> Parr: In the late '30s, there was a movie that I saw with my father called "The Code of the Secret Service."
这部电影令我着迷，好几年里，我都想成为一名特勤局特工。 This movie fascinated me, and for a number of years, I wanted to be a secret service agent.
而里面的男主角，当然，是由 Ronald Reagan 扮演的。 And the main character in there, of course, was played by Ronald Reagan.
>> Reagan: 大家好。 >> Reagan: How do you do, everybody?
我想自我介绍一下。 I'd like to introduce myself.
我叫 Ronald Reagan。几个月前，我是爱荷华州德梅因一家广播电台的体育播音员。 My name is Ronald Reagan, and a few months ago, I was a sports announcer on a radio station in Des Moines, Iowa.
>> 在成为爱荷华州的知名电台主持人后，Ronald Reagan 正身处好莱坞，追寻他高中时代的演员梦。 >> After becoming a radio personality in Iowa, Ronald Reagan is now in Hollywood following his high school dream of becoming an actor.
>> Reagan: 有一天，我遇到了一个电影星探。 >> Reagan: One day, I ran into one of these movie talent scouts.
我想我是让他措手不及了，因为接下来的事我就知道了，我正在好莱坞为华纳兄弟参加试镜。 I think I caught him off guard because the next thing I knew, I was taking a screen test for Warner Brothers in Hollywood.
华纳兄弟在 Reagan 身上看到了潜力，并开始着手将这位26岁的中西部年轻人塑造成明星。 Warner Brothers sees promise in Reagan and sets out to mold the 26-year-old midwesterner into a star.
>> 我的工作是传播新闻。 >> My job is spreading news.
那家伙和他当市长的姐夫跟 Nicey Ferguson 的帮派是一伙的。 That guy and his mayor brother-in-law are in with Nicey Ferguson's gang.
Nichols 先生是在自寻死路！ Mr. Nichols is riding for a fall!
>> 而你就是他要摔在上面的垫子。 >> And you're the mattress he's going to fall on.
随着他的星途升起，离过两次婚的小明星 Jane Wyman 正打算选 Reagan 做她的男主角。 With his star rising, 2-time divorcee and starlet Jane Wyman is looking to cast Reagan as her leading man.
>> Colacello: Jane 和 Ronnie 真的是异性相吸的典型。 >> Colacello: Jane and Ronnie were really a case of opposites attract.
她很强悍。 She was tough.
她很泼辣。 She was brassy.
她很愤世嫉俗。 She was cynical.
而他是一个无忧无虑的好人，而且要天真得多。 He was this happy-go-lucky nice guy and much more naive.
甚至有点“古板”，正如她的一位朋友称呼他的那样。 Square, even, as one of her friends called him.
她想尽一切办法赢得了他的心。 She did everything to win him over.
到1941年12月，Reagan 和 Wyman 结婚了，并成了他们刚出生的女儿 Maureen 的父母。 By December, 1941, Reagan and Wyman are married and the parents of their new baby daughter, Maureen.
对于30岁的 Reagan 来说，一切都很顺遂。 Everything is clicking for the 30-year-old Reagan.
他现在收到的影迷来信比华纳兄弟除 Errol Flynn 之外的所有男星都要多。 He's now receiving more fan mail than every Warner Brothers male star, with the exception of Errol Flynn.
作为一名自由派民主党人，他也开始将自己的职业与对政治的热情结合起来， A liberal Democrat, he's also beginning to merge his profession with a passion for politics
在自己的工会——电影演员公会中扮演更活跃的角色。 by taking a more active role in his union, the Screen Actors Guild.
(飞机飞行声，防空警报鸣响) (Airplanes flying, air-raid sirens wailing)
但当美国参战时，Reagan 被命令暂停演艺生涯，去现役部队报到。 But when America goes to war, Reagan is ordered to put his acting career on hold and reports for active duty.
他的视力非常糟糕，指挥官取消了他的参战资格，并将他重新分配到美国陆军航空队第一电影制片组。 His eyesight is so poor, commanding officers disqualify him for combat and reassign him to the U.S. Army Air Force's first motion picture unit.
接下来的四年里，他将在洛杉矶制作训练片和宣传片。 He'll spend the next four years in Los Angeles making training and propaganda films.
>> 鼻翼下方有进气口！ >> Air scoop at bottom of nose!
是零式战机，确认！ It's a Zero, check!
>> Powell: Reagan 总是与军方保持着联系，因为他在二战期间曾在军队服役。 >> Powell: Reagan always connected with the military because he had served in the military in World War II.
>> Powell: 有时他会——嗯，该怎么说呢？他夸大了自己的服役经历。 >> Powell: Sometimes he sort of--mmm, how shall we put this? He hyperbolized his service.
>> Powell: 他可能会说，“你知道吗 Colin，我记得有一次我从陆军休假时。” >> Powell: He might say something like, "Well, you know Colin, I remember once when I was on leave from the army."
但那其实只是意味着那天他没从比弗利山庄去世纪城。 But all that meant was he didn't go to Century City that day from Beverly Hills.
>> Powell: 他把自己塑造成 >> Powell: But he sort of put himself in this image
一个跨越重洋为自由而战的二战勇士形象， of a World War II warrior who had gone all across the oceans of the world to fight for freedom
而实际上他从未离开过美国本土。 whereas he never left the United States.
但这对我们来说并无大碍。 But it didn't trouble us.
他很大程度上是好莱坞的产物。 He was very much a product of Hollywood.
他是一名演员，但也是一位极出色的政治家。 He was an actor but an actor who was also a superb politician.
>> 影片旁白: 共产主义。 >> Film narrator: Communism.
那紧握的拳头象征着怎样的虚假希望？ What false hope is symbolized by the clenched fist?
Ronald Reagan 的政治崛起诞生于二战后全国对共产主义的恐惧。 Ronald Reagan's political ascent is born out of the national fear of communism that follows World War II.
当时作为电影演员公会的谈判代表，Reagan 正在调解两个竞争对手工会之间的分歧， Now a negotiator for the Screen Actor's Guild, Reagan is mediating a rift between two rival unions
期间他与其中一位据传是共产党员的工会领导人发生了冲突。 when he has a run-in with one of the union's leaders, who is rumored to be a communist.
这件事将被证明是影响他余生的重大事件。 It will prove to be the event that informs the rest of his life.
>> Anderson: Reagan 断定对方阵营的谈判派系 >> Anderson: Reagan concluded that there were factions negotiating on the other side
>> Anderson: 拥有受外国势力指使的政治议程。 >> Anderson: Who had an agenda that was determined by a foreign power.
>> Colacello: Reagan 强硬地表示，演员们应该跨越纠察线 >> Colacello: And Reagan spoke out very strongly saying that actors should cross the picket lines
履行他们与制片厂的合同。 and should live up to their contracts with the studios.
>> Colacello: 在他发表了一次尤为强硬的演讲后，他接到了一个匿名电话说，“我们要对付你。” >> Colacello: After he gave a particularly strong speech, he got an anonymous phone call saying, you know, "We're gonna deal with you."
>> Anderson: 有人说，“如果你继续这么做，会有人往你脸上泼强酸，你就再也不能演戏了。” >> Anderson: And someone said, "If you continue doing what you're doing, there'll be acid thrown in your face, and you'll never act again."
>> Colacello: 在情感上，这对他的影响很大。 >> Colacello: Emotionally, this had a big effect.
>> Colacello: 我认为这是 Ronald Reagan 演变的转折点之一， >> Colacello: And this was one of the turning points, I think, in Ronald Reagan's evolution
使他从自由派民主党人转变为反共运动的领导人之一。 from a liberal Democrat to one of the leaders of the anti-communist movement.
>> Reagan: 电影演员公会内部有一个小团体，一直反对公会的政策， >> Reagan: There has been a small group within the Screen Actors Guild, which has consistently opposed the policy of the guild,
或多或少地遵循着我们所认为的共产党的那套策略。 more or less following the tactics that we associate with the communist party.
1947年10月，现任电影演员公会主席的 Reagan 来到了国会山。 In October of 1947, Reagan, who is now the president of the Screen Actors Guild, is on Capitol Hill.
他正在众议院非美活动调查委员会作证， He is testifying before the House Un-American Activities Committee,
该委员会正在调查所谓的共产主义对好莱坞电影制作的影响。 which is investigating the alleged communist influence on the production of Hollywood movies.
>> Reagan: 现在，无论该党是否应该被取缔， >> Reagan: Now, whether the party should be outlawed or not,
我都同意前几位先生的观点，即那是政府决定的事情。 I agree with the gentlemen who preceded me that that's a matter for the government to decide.
>> Reagan: 然而，如果事实证明这个组织是外国势力的代理人，那就是另一回事了。 >> Reagan: However, if it is proven that this organization is the agent of a foreign power, then that is another matter.
在 Reagan 作证后，《纽约时报》和《华盛顿邮报》的社论都称赞了他的表现。 After Reagan's testimony, editorials in the New York Times and Washington Post praise his performance.
Reagan 此时正处于事业巅峰。 Reagan is riding high.
他很兴奋能回家见到妻子、女儿和新收养的儿子 Michael。 He's excited to get home to his wife, daughter, and newly adopted son Michael.
但当他到家时，Jane 却让他的整个世界天旋地转。 But when he arrives, Jane turns his whole world upside down.
>> Colacello: 她只是看着他说，“滚出这里。 >> Colacello: She just looked at him and said, "Get out of here.
你让我感到无聊。”而他真的完全不明白发生了什么。 You bore me." And he just didn't understand what was happening, really.
>> Colacello: 他曾全身心投入到工会事务中，有时连续一周每晚都在办公室待到半夜， >> Colacello: He had become so wrapped up in SAG that he would sometimes be at offices till midnight every night for a week,
而她并不快乐。 and she was unhappy.
她说，“结束了。 She said, "It's over.
一切都完了。”他当时彻底崩溃了。 It's finished." He was just devastated.
Reagan 和 Wyman 维持了8年的婚姻于1948年6月28日以离婚告终。 Reagan and Wyman's 8-year marriage ends in divorce on June 28, 1948.
>> Colacello: 此后不久，他整晚都泡在夜总会里，搭讪不同的女孩。 >> Colacello: Not long after, he was out at nightclubs all the time, picking up different girls.
>> Colacello: 他在回忆录中写道，有一天早上他醒来，甚至不知道那个女孩的名字， >> Colacello: He wrote in his memoir, one morning he woke up and he didn't know the girl's name,
也不知道自己身在何处，他心想，这太过火了。 and he didn't know where he was and he thought, this is going too far.
与此同时，一位名叫 Nancy Davis 的30岁女演员正面临着她自己的危机。 At the same time, a 30-year-old actress named Nancy Davis is dealing with her own crisis.
她刚在《好莱坞报道》的一份疑似同情共产主义者的名单上看到了自己的名字。 She's just seen her name in the Hollywood Reporter on a list of alleged communist sympathizers.
Davis 知道这可能会毁掉她的职业生涯，于是她联系了 Reagan。 Davis knows that this could ruin her career, so she reaches out to Reagan.
>> Colacello: 他是电影演员公会的主席。 >> Colacello: He's the president of the Screen Actors Guild.
他同时也负责审查那些声誉受损的人。 He's also in charge of screening people who've been, you know, tainted.
其实还有另外两个 Nancy Davis。 There's two other Nancy Davises.
他们会把整件事澄清。 They're gonna clear up this whole thing.
他们安排了一次见面，Reagan 帮助 Davis 澄清了名誉， They arrange a meeting, and Reagan helps clear Davis,
尽管两人意气相投，但直到第二年才开始正式交往。 and though the two hit it off, they don't start seeing each other on a regular basis until the next year.
>> Colacello: 他在马里布山买了一座新牧场，周末会带她去那里。 >> Colacello: He had bought a new ranch in the Malibu Hills, and he'd bring her out there on weekends.
他正围着这片300英亩的房产安装围栏，而她就和他一起刷漆。 He was installing this fence all around the 300-acre property, and she was painting it with him.
>> Colacello: 我想也许正是这一点打动了他，她愿意放下身段，和他一起在那儿给围栏刷油漆。 >> Colacello: I think that's maybe what won him over, that she would get down and dirty and paint this fence with him.
1952年3月4日，Ronald Reagan 和 Nancy Davis 在洛杉矶附近的一座小教堂里举行了简朴的婚礼。 On March 4, 1952, Ronald Reagan and Nancy Davis wed in a modest ceremony at a small church near Los Angeles.
>> Reagan: 如果说上帝曾向我证明过他对我有安排，那就是在他将 Nancy 带入我生命的那天晚上。 >> Reagan: If ever God gave me evidence that he had a plan for me, it was the night he brought Nancy into my life.
Nancy 搬进了我的心里，填补了我长期以来一直试图忽视的一片空虚。 Nancy moved into my heart and replaced an emptiness that I'd been trying to ignore for a long time.
有时我觉得我的生活真正开始于我遇到 Nancy 的那一刻。(警笛鸣响) Sometimes I think my life really began when I met Nancy. (Siren wailing)
>> Reynolds: 总统今天遭到了枪击。我们还获悉 Reagan 夫人 >> Reynolds: The president was hit today. We also understand that Mrs.
>> Reynolds: 现在已经离开了白宫，前往乔治·华盛顿医院。 >> Reagan has now left the White House and has gone to G.W.
>> Reynolds: 医院。 >> Hospital.
当 Nancy Reagan 到达乔治·华盛顿医院的急诊入口时， When Nancy Reagan arrives at George Washington Hospital's emergency entrance,
她并不知道她深爱的丈夫会活下去还是会死去。 she does not know whether her beloved husband will live or die.
>> Gergen: 总统的左侧中了一枪。 >> Gergen: The president was shot once in the left side.
目前正在决定是否要通过手术取出子弹。 The decision is now being made whether or not to operate to remove the bullet.
Reagan 夫人目前正在医院陪伴总统。 Mrs. Reagan is currently with the president at the hospital.
在第一夫人到达医院不到一个小时内，创伤小组就将总统推入了手术室。 Within an hour after the first lady arrives at the hospital, the trauma team rushes the president into the operating room.
70岁的 Reagan 胸部有一颗子弹，距离心脏不到一英寸，这是一个潜在的致命伤。 The 70-year-old Reagan has a bullet lodged in his chest less than an inch from his heart, a potentially lethal wound.
>> Parr: 总统看着我，他说， >> Parr: The president looked at me, and he said,
“我希望他们（医生）都是共和党人，因为，你知道，他在里面除了我谁都不认识。” >"I hope they're all Republicans, because, you know, he knew nobody in there but me.“
>> Donaldson: 这就是所谓的临危不乱，这就是所谓的在炮火下的勇气。 >> Donaldson: Talk about grace under pressure, talk about courage under fire.
>> Parr: 这位医生说，“好吧，总统先生，今天我们都是共和党人。” >> Parr: This doctor says, "Well, today we're all Republicans, Mr. President."
>> Donaldson: 就像他曾经作为一名优秀的演员那样，他从未忘记，他最大的优势之一就是他的自我展示。 >> Donaldson: Like the great actor that he was, he never forgot that one of his great strengths was his presentation.
>> Reagan: 嗨，大家好，欢迎来到我们的新家。 >> Reagan: Hi, there, and welcome to our new home.
我知道你们见过 Nancy 了。 I know you've met Nancy.
这是 Patti，我们的女儿。 This is Patti, our daughter.
>> Nancy: 亲爱的，打个招呼。 >> Nancy: Say hello, honey.
>> Patti: 你好。 >> Patti: Hello.
到1954年，Reagan 夫妇和他们的女儿 Patti 住在太平洋帕利塞德。 By 1954, the Reagans and their daughter Patti are living in the Pacific Palisades.
虽然他们的电影生涯已成为过去， Though their film careers are now a thing of the past,
但 Reagan 担任了一部名为《通用电气剧场》的电视连续剧的主持人。 Reagan is the host of a TV series called "General Electric Theater."
在妻子的帮助下，Reagan 也在推广通用电气的产品。 With his wife's help, Reagan is also promoting G.E. products.
>> Reagan: 我们应该能在这里找到很多电器。 >> Reagan: We ought to be able to find lots of electric appliances in here.
我看到了一个。 I see one.
>> Nancy: 那是电动的。 >> Nancy: That's electric.
>> Reagan: 这里还有别的东西也是电动的。 >> Reagan: Here's something else electric.
省去了很多很多搅拌的工夫，不是吗？ Saves lots and lots of beating, doesn't it?
>> Colacello: 《通用电气剧场》在商业上取得了巨大的成功。 >> Colacello: "G.E. Theater" was a big commercial success.
>> Colacello: 这对 Ronald Reagan 来说是一个巨大的转折， >> Colacello: That turned out to be a big break for Ronald Reagan
因为在接下来的八年里，他不仅有了非常可观的收入，还一直处于公众的视野中。 because for the next eight years, he not only had a very handsome income, he was in the public eye.
>> Colacello: 他还走遍全国，参观了位于39个州的139家通用电气工厂。 >> Colacello: And he also toured the country visiting the 139 G.E. plants in 39 states.
他坚持坐火车或开车旅行，因为他拒绝飞行。 He insisted on traveling by train or car because he wouldn't fly.
尽管通用电气的巡回演说让他远离家乡。 Although they take him away from home, the G.E.
但这些巡回演出对 Reagan 来说是无价的。 >> road shows prove invaluable to Reagan.
它们就像是政治家的“新兵训练营”，是一个与美国工人建立联系的机会。 They are a politician's boot camp, a chance to connect with the American workers.
Reagan 有时一天工作18个小时，向多达15个不同的群体发表讲话。 Reagan sometimes puts in 18-hour days talking to as many as 15 different groups.
>> 男子: 现在我想向大家介绍“进步先生”，Ronald Reagan。 >> man: So I want to introduce Mr. Progress, Ronald Reagan.
(掌声) (Applause)
>> Anderson: 当他进入通用电气的工厂时，他与人们直接接触。 >> Anderson: When he goes into the G.E. factories, he's in direct contact with people.
人们和他交谈。他们问他问题。为什么政府要这么做？ And they talk to him. And they asked him questions. Why is the government doing this?
为什么要收他们的钱？ Why are they taking their money?
为什么不让我们自己做决定等等？ Why don't they allow us to make our own decisions and so forth?
他的一些观点直接来自于人们向他提出的问题。 And he got some of his views directly from the questions that people were asking him.
>> Colacello: 到 Reagan 开始在通用电气工作时，他仍然是一名民主党人。 >> Colacello: By the time Reagan started with General Electric, he was still a Democrat.
>> Colacello: 我认为他参与通用电气的事务，以及他与全美小企业主的接触， >> Colacello: And I think his involvement with General Electric and his contact with the small businessmen around America
特别是使他在国内问题上转向了更保守的立场。 especially brought him more to a conservative position on domestic issues.
他变得与美国企业界更加步调一致。 And he became more in tune with corporate america.
>> Reagan: 当然，任何有思想的美国人都不会质疑这样一种观点， >> Reagan: Certainly no thinking American would dispute the idea
即应该有一个经济底线，不应允许这个国家的任何公民生活在底线之下。 that there should be an economic floor beneath which no citizen of this land should be allowed to live.
(掌声) (Applause)
>> Gergen: 引人注目的是，如果你把 Reagan 作为一个演说家来看， >> Gergen: It's striking that if you look at Reagan as a speaker,
回溯到他20世纪40年代早期的一些演讲，他那时并不出色。 and you go back to some of his early speeches way back in the 1940s, he was not that good.
还算可以。 He was fine.
但正是在20世纪50年代，当他为了通用电气穿梭于全国各地， But it was really during the 1950s when he was out crisscrossing the country for General Electric
发表了一场又一场的演讲时，他才真正开始形成自己的风格。 and giving speech after speech after speech that he really began to develop his voice.
>> 男子：女士们先生们，有请 Ronald Reagan 发表精彩演讲。 >> man: Ladies and gentlemen, a thoughtful address by Ronald Reagan.
(掌声) (applause)
>> Reagan：谢谢。 >> Reagan: Thank you.
非常感谢。 Thank you very much.
就在1964年总统大选前八天，Reagan 登上了国家政治舞台。 Just eight days before the 1964 presidential election, Reagan steps onto the national political stage.
他不再是那个曾为哈里·杜鲁门助选的自由派罗斯福民主党人了。 He's no longer the liberal FDR Democrat who once campaigned for Harry Truman.
现在的他是一名彻头彻尾的共和党人， Now he is a full-fledged Republican,
正在全国电视节目中为保守派候选人 Barry Goldwater 摇旗呐喊。 making a nationally televised pitch for the conservative candidate, Barry Goldwater.
>> Reagan：这就是这场选举的议题所在：我们是相信自己有自治能力， >> Reagan: This is the issue of this election, whether we believe in our capacity for self-government or
还是背弃美国革命， or whether we abandon the American Revolution
承认遥远首府的一小撮知识精英能比我们自己更好地规划我们的生活。 and confess that a little intellectual elite in a far-distant capitol can plan our lives for us better than we can plan them ourselves.
>> Dallek：这篇演讲被称为《抉择时刻》。 >> Dallek: The speech was called "A Time for Choosing."
而当时抉择的一部分不仅是在林登·约翰逊和 Barry Goldwater 之间。 Now part of the choosing was not just between Lyndon Johnson and Barry Goldwater.
>> Dallek：正如 Reagan 所言，那是自由与共产主义之间的抉择。 >> It was between, as Reagan argued, freedom and communism.
>> Reagan：我们被不断告知必须在左翼或右翼之间做出选择。 >> Reagan: You and I are told increasingly we have to choose between a left or right.
>> Reagan：我想说明的是，根本不存在所谓的左翼或右翼。 >> Reagan: Well, I'd like to suggest there is no such thing as a left or right.
只有向上或是向下。 There's only an up or down.
那些愿意用自由换取安全的人，已经踏上了这条向下的沉沦之路。 And those who would trade our freedom for security have embarked on this downward course.
>> Dallek：如果你回顾一下 Reagan 当时说的话、做的事以及他的受众，会发现他走得相当靠前。 >> Dallek: If you look back at what Reagan was saying and what he was doing and who he was addressing, he was pretty far out there.
>> Reagan：四年前我们被告知，每晚有1700万人饿着肚子上床睡觉。 >> Reagan: We were told four years ago that 17 million people went to bed hungry each night.
嗯，那可能是真的。 Well, that was probably true.
他们大概都在节食。 They were all on a diet.
(台下轻笑) (light laughter)
>> Colacello：这确实有点极端。 >> Colacello: It was a bit extreme.
但对于保守派、反共运动来说，这真的是一次有力的战斗动员。 But it was it was a real call to arms for the conservative, anti-communist movement.
>> Dallek：而且，根据你的观点，无论是著名的还是臭名昭著的，他以这样一句话结束了演讲…… >> Dallek: And famously, or infamously depending on your point of view, he ended the speech by sayi...
>> Reagan：你我与命运有个约会。 >> Reagan: You and I have a rendevous with destiny,
>> Reagan：我们要为孩子们守护这地球上人类最后且最好的希望， >> Reagan: we'll preserve for our children this, the last best hope of man on earth
否则我们将判决他们步入长达千年的黑暗。 or we'll sentence them to take the last step into 1,000 years of darkness.
>> Reagan：你我有能力、有尊严、也有权利做出我们自己的决定，并决定我们自己的命运。 >> Reagan: You and I have the ability and the dignity and the right to make our own decisions and determine our own destiny.
>> Dallek：这就是他结案陈词的精髓，不仅是为了 Goldwater 的竞选， >> Dallek: And that was the gist of his closing argument, not just the Goldwater campaign,
也是为了他所理解的1964年的保守主义哲学。 but for the conservative philosophy as he understood it in 1964.
这次演讲为 Goldwater 筹集了800万美元，虽然他最终输掉了选举。 The speech raises $8 million for Goldwater, who ultimately loses the election.
但 Reagan 的表现将这位前演员转型为了一名潜力无限的政治家。 But Reagan's performance transforms the former actor into a viable politician.
>> Dallek：坦率地说，那些支持 Goldwater 的保守派人士一看到 Reagan 激发的反响， >> Dallek: Conservatives, frankly, who had supported Goldwater, soon as they saw the reaction that Reagan had generated,
就说：“啊哈，他可以当州长，他也可以当总统。” they said, "A-ha, he could be a governor. He could be a president."
>> Reagan：非常感谢。 >> Reagan: Thank you very much.
(掌声) (applause)
>> McIntyre（电台广播）：我们将实时播报总统身体状况的最新动态。 >> McIntyre on radio: We'll be getting an update on the president's condition at this hour.
>> McIntyre：在乔治·华盛顿大学医院， >> McIntyre: Here at George Washington University Hospital,
为 Reagan 总统取子弹的手术从今天下午4点左右开始，现在确实已经结束了。 the surgery began about 4:00 this afternoon on President Reagan to remove the bullet has indeed finished.
>> Donaldson：他们取出了子弹，这是好事，令人鼓舞，手术缝合了。 >> Donaldson: They'd extracted the bullet, and that was good, encouraging, closed him up.
但 Reagan 还没有完全脱离危险。 But Reagan wasn't out of the woods yet.
>> Reynolds：我要向大家公布据报是行凶者的姓名。 >> Reynolds: I'm going to give you the name of this man that has been reported to us as the assailant.
John W. Hinckley Jr.，22岁。 John W. Hinckley Jr., 22 years old.
据了解，他来自科罗拉多州的埃弗格林。 It is understood that he is from Evergreen, Colorado.
在 Reagan 总统遇刺未遂数小时后，新的细节浮出水面。 Hours after the assassination attempt on President Reagan, new details are emerging.
刺杀未遂者 John Hinckley Jr. 声称， The would-be assassin, John Hinckley Jr.,
他想通过刺杀总统来引起他从未见过的女演员 Jodie Foster 的注意。 claims that he wanted to kill the president to impress actress Jodie Foster, who he never met.
Hinckley 使用一支.22口径左轮手枪开了6枪， Hinckley used a .22 caliber revolver to fire 6 shots,
击中了一名华盛顿警察、特勤局特工 Tim McCarthy， hitting a D.C. police officer, secret service man Tim McCarthy
并导致白宫新闻秘书 James Brady 重伤。 and critically wounding White House press secretary James Brady.
(枪声，女人尖叫) 正是第6颗子弹击中了总统座驾， (gunshots) (woman screaming) It was bullet number 6 that hit the presidential limousine,
被压扁成一角硬币形状，然后在特勤局特工 Jerry Parr 将总统推入车内时， flattened to the shape of a dime, then ricocheted into the president's chest,
反弹进了总统的胸腔。 as he was pushed into the car by secret service man Jerry Parr.
>> Parr：我没花多久也想明白了这一点，是我把他推向了那颗子弹。 >> Parr: It didn't take me very long to figure that out either, that I pushed him into the bullet.
这是事实。 And it is true.
我确实这么做了。所以如果你这么做了，你最好能救活他。 It is true that I did. So if you do that, you better save him.
(笑) 我只能这么说。 (laughs) That's all I can say.
你最好能救活他。 You better save him.
>> Donaldson：根据医生发布的最新医疗公告，Reagan 总统正在康复中。 >> Donaldson: President Reagan continues his convalescence in the words of the latest medical advisory issued by his doctors.
据说他神志清醒，精神状态良好。 He's said to be alert and in good spirits.
>> Anderson：举国上下都在支持和鼓励他，每个人都在为他加油。 >> Anderson: The country is so supportive and so encouraging, and everybody's rooting for him.
即便你不同意他的政策，你也不得不倾向于他并喜欢他。 You have to be for him and like him even if you disagree with his policies.
>> 群众：我们要 Reagan！ >> crowd: We want Reagan!
我们要 Reagan！ We want Reagan!
1966年，Ronald Reagan 第一次作为公职候选人参选。 In 1966, Ronald Reagan is a first-time candidate for office.
55岁的他是共和党提名的加利福尼亚州州长候选人。 At the age of 55, he is the Republican nominee for Governor of California.
>> Dallek：那是该州的一段艰难时期。 >> Dallek: It was a difficult time in the state.
当时有民权抗议活动。 There were civil rights protests.
瓦茨地区爆发了暴乱，伯克利还开展了言论自由运动。 Riots broke out in Watts, and there was also a free speech movement at Berkeley.
至少对许多选民来说，加利福尼亚似乎正在分崩离析。 California appeared, to a lot of the electorate at least, like it was unraveling.
>> Brown：谢谢。感谢各位今天来到这里。 >> Brown: Thank you. Thank all of you for coming out here today.
这是加利福尼亚美好的一天。 It's a beautiful California day.
Reagan 的对手是现任州长、民主党人 Pat Brown。 Reagan's opponent is the incumbent Governor Democrat Pat Brown.
>> Dallek：Pat Brown 以及该州的自由派人士主要从两方面攻击 Reagan。 >> Dallek: Pat Brown and liberals in general in the state attacked Reagan on two grounds.
一是认为他是个极端分子，政治立场过于右倾，不适合担任州长。 One was that he was an extremist, that he was too rabidly right wing to be governor of the state.
第二条攻击路线是，Reagan 仅仅是个演员。 The second line of attack was that Reagan was just an actor.
>> 播音员：Ronald Reagan 扮演过很多角色。 >> Announcer: Ronald Reagan has played many roles.
今年，他想扮演州长。 This year, he wants to play governor.
你愿意支付这张入场券的代价吗？ Are you willing to pay the price of admission?
>> Cannon：Pat Brown 曾说，“我为加州做这些了不起的事情的时候， >> Cannon: Pat Brown said, "Well, I was doing all these wonderful things for California
Ronald Reagan 在《邦佐的晚餐》里被一只黑猩猩抢戏” when Ronald Reagan was being upstaged by a chimpanzee in 'Bedtime for Bonzo.'"
>> Reagan：州长总是担心我从未担任过公职。 >> Reagan: Whenever the governor is concerned over the fact that I've never held public office.
>> Cannon：如果你批评他的政治观点，他并不在意。 >> Cannon: When you criticized his politics, it rolled off his back.
你可以叫他右翼疯子或傻瓜，但如果有人嘲笑他是 B 级片演员，他就会感到被冒犯。 You could call him a right-wing nut or a fool, but if somebody sneered at him as a B-picture actor, he took umbrage to it.
>> Reagan：他问我一直在做什么，然后他说我一直在拍电影和上电视，没错。 >> Reagan: He asked what I've been doing, and then he said I've been making movies and appearing on TV, and that's correct.
我一直在谋生。 I've been making a living.
(笑声) (laughter)
>> Cannon：Reagan 认为当过演员的事实确实对他有帮助。 >> Cannon: Reagan thought the fact that he'd been an actor really helped him.
他能以镜头的视角来看待自己，我认为这对任何从政的人来说都是一种优势。 He could see himself the way the camera saw him, and I think that is an advantage for anybody in politics.
>> 群众：我们要 Reagan！ >> crowd: We want Reagan!
我们要 Reagan！ We want Reagan!
>> Reagan：非常感谢。 >> Reagan: Thank you very much.
在选举日投票结束后不久，Ronald Reagan 站在竞选总部的支持者面前。 Shortly after the polls close on election night, Ronald Reagan stands before his supporters at his campaign headquarters.
在赢得了该州58个县中除2个以外的所有县后，他现在是加利福尼亚州的候任州长。 After winning all but 2 of the state's 58 counties, he is now the governor elect of California.
在选举日投票结束后不久，Ronald Reagan 站在竞选总部的支持者面前。 Shortly after the polls close on election night, Ronald Reagan stands before his supporters at his campaign headquarters.
>> Reagan：女士们先生们，党派之争到今天为止。 >> Reagan: Ladies and gentlemen, partisanship ends as of today.
(群众欢呼) 那么，伟大的工作开始了。 (crowd cheers) So now the big job begins.
>> Cannon：担任加州州长是一件了不起的大事。 >> Cannon: This is a big deal, being governor of California.
我的意思是，1966年加州的预算比世界上除了5个国家以外的所有国家都要大。 I mean, California in 1966 had a budget that was larger than all but 5 countries in the world.
而他似乎完全没有被吓到，对他自己充满信心。 And he seemed totally unawed by it and confident in himself.
在以强硬保守派形象竞选后， After campaigning as a hard-line conservative,
Reagan 面临着掌管一个很大程度上由民主党控制的州政府的挑战。 Reagan is faced with the task of navigating a state government that is largely controlled by the democrats.
>> Colacello：作为州长，Ronald Reagan 并没能做成他想做的所有事情。 >> Colacello: As governor, Ronald Reagan was not able to do everything he wanted to do.
但他确实成就了很多。他学会了妥协。 But he did accomplish a lot. He learned to compromise.
Reagan 寻求跨党派合作，签署了一项10亿美元的增税法案， Reagan reaches across the aisle and signs a $1 billion tax increase,
这是当时美国任何一个州历史上最大规模的增税。 the largest in the history of any state at the time.
他还签署了一项使某些堕胎合法化的法案。 He also signs a bill that legalizes some abortions.
但在面对学生抗议者时，Reagan 拒绝妥协。 But when it comes to student protestors, Reagan refuses to compromise.
他想兑现恢复法律与秩序的竞选承诺。 He wants to make good on a campaign promise to restore law and order.
>> Dallek：Reagan 实际上在州长办公室挂了一个牌子， >> Dallek: Reagan actually had a sign in the governor's office,
上面写着“遵守规则，否则滚蛋”。(群众愤怒地呐喊) >> and it said "Obey the rules or get out." (crowd chanting angrily)
在伯克利，有一块地被抗议者占领了。 At Berkeley, there was a plot of land that had been taken by protestors. 上面写着“遵守规则，否则滚蛋”。(群众愤怒地呐喊) >> and it said "Obey the rules or get out." (crowd chanting angrily)
那是大学的土地。 The university owned it.
他们正试图把它变成一个停车场。 They were trying to turn it into a parking lot.
抗议者声称那是一个公园，一个属于人民的公园。 The protestors claimed it as a park, a park for the people.
Reagan 命令加州公路巡警和伯克利警察前往公园。 Reagan orders the California Highway Patrol and Berkeley police officers to the park.
当抗议人数继续激增时，Reagan 的幕僚长向现场增派了援军。 While the crowd continues to swell, Reagan's chief of staff sends reinforcements to the scene.
他告诉他们，可以对抗议者采取他们选择的任何手段。 He tells them to use whatever methods they choose against the protestors.
警察开始发射散弹和催泪瓦斯。 Police start firing buckshot and tear gas.
一名学生丧生，估计有128人被送往当地医院。 One student is killed and an estimated 128 people are admitted to local hospitals.
Reagan 宣布进入紧急状态并派出了国民警卫队。 Reagan declares a state of emergency and sends in the National Guard.
>> Dallek: 他当时正试图镇压学生抗议者。 >> Dallek: He was attempting to crack down on student protestors.
你知道，根据你的政治观点，他要么是成功做到了这一点，要么就是专制独裁。 You know, depending on your political point of view, he was either successful in doing so or he was authoritarian.
>> Reagan: 那些人事先好几天就告诉过你们， >> Reagan: Those people told you for days in advance
如果大学寻求继续施工，他们就会强行破坏大学。 that if the university sought to go ahead with that construction, they were going to physically destroy the university.
那你们为什么—— Now why did you--
>> 男子: 我们多次提出过要谈判！ >> man: We offered to negotiate many times!
>> Reagan: 谈判？ >> Reagan: Negotiate?
有什么好谈判的？ What is to negotiate?
>> 某人: 大学是一个公共机构，根据法律，它有自己的社区，以及环绕它的伯克利社区。 >> The university is a public institution which in accordance to the law is its own community and the community of Berkeley that live around it.
>> Reagan: 这一切都始于你们中那些本该更明事理、年龄也大到足以更明事理的人， >> Reagan: All of it began the first time some of you who know better and are old enough to know better
让年轻人误以为他们有权选择自己要遵守的法律， >> let young people think that they had the right to choose the laws they would obey
只要他们是以社会抗议的名义。 as long as they were doing it in the name of social protest.
>> Colacello: 这些举动颇具争议，但却帮助他巩固了基本盘。 >> Colacello: These were quite controversial moves but helped solidify a base for him.
他以巨大的优势赢得了连任，也确实提升了他的全国知名度。 And he won re-election by a good margin, and he certainly raised his national profile.
>> Cannon: 当他连任时，他意识到如果你想继续前进并竞选总统，你必须得有一些政绩。 >> Cannon: By the time he's re-elected, he realizes that if you're gonna go on and gonna run for president, you gotta have some record.
>> 男子: 秘书女士，蒙大拿州，最后的壮丽之地， >> man: Madame secretary, the treasure state of Montana, last of the big time splendors,
自豪地将全部20票投给 Ronald Reagan 州长。 proudly casts all 20 votes for Governor Ronald Reagan.
(群众欢呼) (crowd cheers)
在领导加利福尼亚州八年之后，Ronald Reagan 如今已是国家舞台上的重要人物， After leading the state of California for eight years, Ronald Reagan is now a player on the national stage,
是总统大选共和党提名激烈角逐中的一名候选人。 a candidate in a down-to-the-wire race for the Republican nomination for president.
>> 男子: 伟大的内布拉斯加州将18票投给 Reagan，7票投给 Ford。 >> man: The great state of Nebraska casts 18 votes for Reagan, 7 for Ford.
他的对手是现任总统 Gerald Ford。 His opponent is the incumbent, Gerald Ford.
>> 男子: 秘书女士，新罕布什尔州，花岗岩之州， >> man: Madam secretary, New Hampshire, the granite state,
自豪地将18票投给 Ford 总统，3票投给 Reagan 州长。 proudly casts 18 votes for President Ford and 3 votes for Governor Reagan.
两人陷入了一场激烈的初选之争，现在轮到党代表大会的代表们来抉择胜者了。 The two engaged in a bitter primary battle, and it's now up to the convention delegates to choose the victor.
>> 男子: 主席女士，西弗吉尼亚州，深知此时全会紧绷的局势， >> man: Madam chairman, state of West Virginia, fully mindful of the tremendous tenseness that has gripped this convention at this point,
自豪地呈上选票——20票投给 Gerald R. Ford。 proudly presents its vote--20 votes for Gerald R. Ford.
>> （男子）: Ford。 >> Ford.
(群众欢呼) (crowd cheers)
>> 男子: Gerald Ford 已获得提名。 >> man: Gerald Ford has been nominated.
>> Donaldson: 在堪萨斯城举行的共和党全国代表大会上，Ronald Reagan 仅差50票就能获胜。 >> Donaldson: Ronald Reagan came within 50 votes at the Republican National Convention in Kansas City.
>> 记者: Reagan 的代表正在面对现实。这就是政治中残酷的一面。 >> reporter: Reagan delegate facing reality. That's the sad part of politics.
>> Donaldson: 如果那50张选票改变立场，他很可能就会成为被提名人。 >> Donaldson: If 50 votes had switched, he probably would have been the nominee.
>> Ford: 在经历了过去几个月的交锋后，能和 Ron Reagan 站在同一战线上感觉真的很棒。 >> Ford: After the scrimmages of the past few months, it really feels good to have Ron Reagan on the same side of the line.
(欢呼与掌声) (cheers and applause)
>> Donaldson: 这两个男人其实并不喜欢对方，但 Ford 明白 >> Donaldson: The two men really didn't like each other, but Ford understood
Reagan 在党内、甚至在全国可能拥有的声望。 the popularity that Reagan had in the party and perhaps, he thought, in the country.
>> Anderson: Ford 的顾问说， >> Anderson: Ford's advisors said,
“你绝不能让这次大会在没有邀请 Ronald Reagan 向人们发表演说的情况下结束，否则你会得到一个分裂的党。” "You cannot let this convention end without having Ronald Reagan come and speak to the people or you will have a divided party."
>> Ford: 我很荣幸代表各位，邀请我的好朋友 Reagan 州长此时上台讲几句话。 >> Ford: I would be honored on your behalf to ask my good friend Governor Reagan to say a few words at this time.
(群众欢呼) (crowd cheers)
>> Anderson: Nancy 看着他，带着微笑，但我感觉到她有一点焦虑。 >> Anderson: Nancy was watching him and smiling, but I sensed a little bit of anxiety.
“他会说什么呢？” "What is he gonna say?"
>> Reagan: 我能说几句话吗？ >> Reagan: May I just say some words?
(掌声) (applause)
>> Donaldson: 当别人在抱怨过去时，他在谈论未来。 >> Donaldson: He talked about the future while others complained about the past.
他的优势之一就是未来——党的未来，国家的未来。 One of his strengths was the future--future of the party, the future of the country.
>> Reagan: 我们生活在一个大国之间相互对峙、核武器瞄准彼此的世界， >> Reagan: We live in a world in which the great powers have poised and aimed at each other nuclear weapons
这些武器可以在几分钟内摧毁我们生活的文明世界。 that can, in a matter of minutes, destroy the civilized world we live in.
>> Donaldson: Ford 发表了一场完全合格的接受提名演说， >> Donaldson: Ford gave an acceptance speech which was perfectly acceptable,
但 Reagan 那场即兴演讲才是真正让人心跳加速的。 but Reagan, in an impromptu way, gave the speech that set the hearts thumping.
>> Reagan: 一位伟大的将军几年前说的话是正确的——胜利是无可替代的。 >> Reagan: What a great general said a few years ago is true-- there is no substitute for victory.
总统先生—— (欢呼与掌声) Mr. President-- (cheers and applause)
>> Anderson: 第二天，他告诉他的工作人员“梦想依然与我们同在”。 >> Anderson: The next day, he tells his staff that "the dream is still with us."
我想他已经在期待再次参选，期待未来了。 I think that he's already looking forward to running again and to the future.
>> 记者: 今天，在刺杀未遂中中弹受伤的12天后，Reagan 总统回到了白宫的家。 >> reporter: Today, 12 days after he was shot and wounded in an assassination attempt, President Reagan went home to the White House.
在淡出公众视线近两周后，Reagan 总统出院了。 After being out of the public eye for almost two weeks, President Reagan is being released from the hospital.
看到他能凭自己的力量走出来，全国上下都感到松了一口气。 Around the country, there is a sense of relief to see him walking out under his own power.
>> Donaldson: 他走出医院，走向他的轿车。 >> Donaldson: He came out of the hospital and walked toward his limousine.
有记者大声问：“总统先生，你回到白宫后打算做什么？” Some reporter called out, "Mr. President, when you get back to the house, what are you gonna do?"
(笑声) 那太棒了。 (laughs) That was wonderful.
但当这位受了伤的70岁老人回到白宫时，国民并不知道 But as the wounded 70-year-old Reagan returns to the White House, little does the nation know
这次与死亡的擦肩而过已经改变了这位总统，并将以改变历史进程的方式产生影响。 that his brush with death has changed its president in ways that will alter the course of history.
>> 男子: 议长先生，美利坚合众国总统！ >> man: Mr. Speaker, the President of the United States!
(欢呼声) (cheering)
在子弹射入距离心脏不到一英寸的地方后不到30天， Less than 30 days after a bullet penetrated to within an inch of his heart,
Reagan 总统即将发表他的首次公开演讲。 President Reagan is about to make his first public address.
面对自枪击事件以来只能偶尔瞥见总统身影的黄金时段观众，Reagan 已准备好登台。 Playing to a primetime audience that has only had glimpses of its president since the shooting, the stage is set for Reagan.
他需要向美国证明，他还是遇刺前那个同样的男人。 He needs to show America that he is the same man he was before the assassination attempt.
>> Reagan: 谢谢。 >> Reagan: Thank you.
>> Donaldson: 在1980年大选期间，那个议事厅里的许多人都曾反对他。 >> Donaldson: Many of the people in the election of 1980 in that chamber had opposed him.
但在那天晚上，每个人都爱戴他。 But that night, everyone loved him.
(群众欢呼) (crowd cheering)
>> Gergen: 当一个人中弹后还能带着微笑走出来，人们对他的看法就会完全不同。 >> Gergen: When a guy gets up and takes a bullet and walks away with a smile, people just think differently about him.
他们会感觉到，你知道，他身上有一种特质，有一种内在的坚韧。 They just have a sense of, you know, there's something about him, there's an inner toughness there.
>> Reagan: 我想代表 Nancy 和我自己，直接对你们大家说几句话。 >> Reagan: I'd like to say a few words, directly to all of you on behalf of Nancy and myself.
你们温暖的话语，表达出的友谊，以及，是的，爱，对我们的意义超乎你们的想象。 The warmth of your words, the expression of friendship, and, yes, love, meant more to us than you can ever know.
>> Dallek: 我认为这是他总统任期内的关键时刻。 >> Dallek: I think this was a crucial moment in his presidency.
这之所以关键，是因为二十年前，约翰·F·肯尼迪遭到枪击并遇刺。 It was crucial because two decades earlier, John F. Kennedy was shot and was assassinated.
关于肯尼迪遇刺的国家记忆仍然深深烙印在这个国家的心中。 And the national memory of the Kennedy assassination was still burned into the country.
>> Reagan: 我带了一封信。 >> Reagan: I have a letter with me.
这封信来自 Peter Sweeney。 Letter came from Peter Sweeney.
他是罗克维尔中心里弗赛德学校的小学二年级学生。 He's in the second grade in the Riverside School in Rockville Centre.
他说，“我希望你快点好起来，否则你可能得穿着睡衣做演讲了。” (笑声) (掌声) And he said, "I hope you get well quick or you might have to make a speech in your pajamas." (laughter) (applause)
>> Dallek: Reagan 能够传递出一种韧性和乐观，表现出他会没事的。 >> Dallek: Reagan was able to project a sense of resiliency, of optimism, that he was gonna be okay.
>> Dallek: 我认为这些象征意义非常重要，因为我认为它们转化为许多美国人的心声， >> Dallek: And I think those symbols actually mattered because I think they translated to a lot of Americans and said,
本质上是在说，这个国家也会没事的。 essentially, that the country's also gonna be okay.
>> Reagan: 伟大的前程就在我们面前。 >> Reagan: We have much greatness before us.
我们可以恢复经济实力，创造前所未有的机遇。 We can restore our economic strength and build opportunities like none we've ever had before.
首先我们需要的是一个梦想，相信我们可以做得比以前更好。 All we need to begin with is a dream that we can do better than before.
我们只需要有信心，那个梦想就会实现。 All we need to have is faith, and that dream will come true.
我们只需要行动，而现在就是采取行动的时候。 All we need to do is act, and the time for action is now.
谢谢大家，晚安。 Thank you and good night.
(欢呼与掌声) (cheers and applause)
公众对 Reagan 的反应是即时且极其正面的。 The public response to Reagan is immediate and overwhelmingly positive.
国会被迫通过了 Reagan 的经济议程，即那些在遇刺事件前一直停滞不前的立法。 Congress is compelled to pass Reagan's economic agenda, legislation that had been stalled before the assassination attempt.
这些措施包括巨额减税和大幅增加军费开支。 The measures include huge tax cuts and vastly increased military spending.
>> Donaldson: 他知道自己那天晚上与民众建立了联系，你能看出来他也知道自己做到了。 >> Donaldson: He knew he'd connected that night, and you could tell that he knew he'd done it.
(欢呼与掌声) (cheers and applause)
>> 记者: Reagan 总统继续他的疗养。 >> reporter: President Reagan continues his convalescence.
据说他神志清醒，精神状态良好。 He's said to be alert and in good spirits.
>> 记者: 总统今天身体状况好到可以办公了。 >> reporter: The president was well enough to do work today.
布什副总统向他汇报了10分钟…… Vice President Bush briefing him for 10 minutes...
虽然 Reagan 正在缓慢恢复体力，但媒体被告知总统已经重返工作岗位。 While Reagan is slowly regaining his physical strength, the media is told that the president is back on the job.
但后来披露的消息显示，他每天只能工作几个小时。 But it's later revealed that he's only able to work a few hours a day.
同时披露的还有 Nancy 现在在规划丈夫的日常日程中扮演着积极的角色。 It's also revealed that Nancy is now taking an active role in planning her husband's daily schedule.
>> Donaldson: 在 Reagan 总统中弹后，Nancy Reagan 召集了所有相关人员并说， >> Donaldson: After President Reagan was shot, Nancy Reagan called everybody concerned in and said,
“绝不能让这种事再次发生。”她对他保护欲极强。 "You never let this happen again." She was very protective of him.
>> Gergen: 她对他的睡眠和健康保护得非常周到，你知道，这背后有一个巨大的爱情故事。 >> Gergen: She was very protective of his sleep and of his health and, you know, there was a huge love story behind all of that.
但从幕僚的角度来看，你必须关注 Nancy 的想法。 But from the point of view of the staff, you paid attention to what Nancy thought.
>> Donaldson: 枪击事件后，Nancy 转向了旧金山一位名叫 Joan Quigley 的占星师。 >> Donaldson: After the shooting, Nancy turned to an astrologer named Joan Quigley in San Francisco.
她观察星象和月份，会告诉 Nancy 什么时候可能是危险的，什么时候是不危险的。 She looked at the stars, looked at the months, and would tell Nancy when the times might be dangerous and not dangerous.
所以，总统的日程安排在某种程度上是由一位占星师决定的。 So the president's schedule, to some extent, was dictated by an astrologer.
当第一夫人向星象寻求指引时，Reagan 则转向了他终身的信仰。 While the first lady turns to the stars for guidance, Reagan turns to his lifelong faith.
在意识到生命的脆弱后，他在生活中找到了一种新的紧迫感。 Realizing his mortality, he's found a new sense of urgency in life.
>> Gergen：尤其是在枪击事件后，他感觉到余下的日子实际上是上帝赐予他的。 >> Gergen: There was especially a sense after the shooting that whatever days he had left were, in effect, something God had granted him.
>> Schieffer：在他康复期间，这颗星球的命运对他来说可能有了新的意义。 >> Schieffer: While he was recovering, the fate of this planet may have taken on a new meaning for him.
但显然，从那时起，他似乎对试图阻止军备竞赛产生了极大的兴趣。 But clearly, he seemed, from that point on, very interested in trying to do something about halting the arms race.
>> 无线电男声：所有站点请注意，状态预警为绿色，准备进入最终倒计时。 >> man over radio: Attention all stations, status alert green, stand by for terminal count.
>> Shultz：Ronald Reagan 对核武器的危险有着非常清晰的看法。 >> Shultz: Ronald Reagan had a very clear view about the dangers of nuclear weapons.
核战争将意味着终结。 A nuclear exchange would be the end.
所以他在公开和私下里都表示，如果没有核武器，世界会变得更好。 So he expressed himself publicly and privately as saying the world would be better off if there were no nuclear weapons.
>> 无线电男声：听我口令开启发射指令。 >> man over radio: Initiate launch command on my mark.
3... 2... 1... In 3... 2... 1...
开始。 Mark.
在过去的13年里，美苏关系一直基于“缓和”政策， For the past 13 years, U.S./Soviet relations had been based on a policy of détente,
这是超级大国之间为了保持核武库平衡而达成的默契协议。 a tacit pact between the superpowers to keep their nuclear arsenals in balance.
对于尼克松、福特和卡特总统来说， For presidents Nixon, Ford, and Carter,
当时的思路是，如果一个超级大国按下按钮，那么“相互保证毁灭”就是定局。 the thinking was that if one superpower pressed the button, mutually assured destruction was guaranteed.
>> Adelman：Ronald Reagan 非常实际且直率，他认为那太复杂也太冒险了。 >> Adelman: Ronald Reagan was very practical and straightforward, and he thought that was way too complicated and way too chancy,
为什么会有人觉得 and why would you ever think that it's a good idea
“用枪指着别人的头，同时别人也用枪指着你的头，以此来阻止双方开火”是个好主意呢？ to hold the gun to someone's head while they're holding the gun to your head, and that keeps either of you from shooting the gun?
Reagan 制定了一种通过对抗苏联来消除核威胁的战略。 Reagan develops a strategy to stop the nuclear threat by confronting the Soviet Union.
他将扩张美国的军事实力，并迫使经济困难的苏联人跟上步伐。 He's going to expand America's military muscle and press the economically challenged Soviets to keep pace.
>> Reagan：苏联领导人曾公开宣称， >> Reagan: The Soviet leaders have openly and publicly declared
他们承认的唯一道德标准就是那些能推进他们事业的准则，即世界革命。 that the only morality they recognize is that which will further their cause, which is world revolution.
>> Adelman：苏联确实是 Ronald Reagan 唯一憎恨的对象。 >> Adelman: The Soviet union was really the only thing that Ronald Reagan ever hated.
唯一能让他愤怒的事情就是共产主义。 The only thing that got him angry was communism.
>> Anderson：他的幕僚在草稿中写道，历史回顾起来“将称他们为”邪恶帝国。 >> Anderson: His staff has written that history will, in retrospect, call them an evil empire.
他划掉了“将称他们为”，然后写道“他们就是”。 >> Reagan：（回声）邪恶帝国…… And he crosses out will call them, and he says "they are." >> Reagan: (echoing) An evil empire...
>> Schieffer：政府内部和国务院里有人说，“天哪，他不该这么做的。” >> Schieffer: There were people within the administration and the state department that said, "Oh, my god, he shouldn't have done this."
但 Ronald Reagan 这么做是因为这就是他的信念。 Ronald Reagan did that because that's what he believed.
>> Adelman：他的观点是，世界上只有一个合法政权，那就是美国。 >> Adelman: His view was there's one legitimate power, the United States,
不是因为我们是美国，而是因为我们是由人民选举产生的——”我们人民“； not because we're the United States but because we're elected by the people, we the people,
而有一个非法政权。 and there's one illegitimate.
那是由于该政权镇压人民。 That's because the state represses people.
那就是苏联。 That's the Soviet Union.
>> Donaldson：正是在那个时代，人们开始担心我们的走向，担心世界的走向。 >> Donaldson: It was during this era when people were worried about where we were headed, where the world was headed.
>> Reagan：让我们意识到，当他们宣扬国家至上， >> Reagan: Let us be aware that while they preach the supremacy of the state,
宣布国家对个人的全能统治，并预言国家最终将统治地球上所有民族时， declare its omnipotence over individual man and predict its eventual domination of all peoples on the earth,
他们就是现代世界邪恶的中心。 they are the focus of evil in the modern world.
>> Donaldson：这里有个如此反共的家伙，他会不会把我们带入第三次世界大战？ >> Donaldson: Here's the guy who's so anti-communist that will he get us into world war 3?
就任总统两年后， Two years into his presidency,
Ronald Reagan 和第一夫人在他们位于圣塔芭芭拉西北部圣塔伊内兹山的688英亩牧场里放松。 Ronald Reagan and the first lady are relaxing at their 688-acre ranch in the Santa Ynez mountains northwest of Santa Barbara.
>> Reagan：快点。 >> Reagan: Come on.
（哼声）好孩子。 (grunts) That's a boy.
（笑声）好。 (laughs) Okay.
>> Schieffer：Ronald Reagan 热爱那个牧场。 >> Schieffer: Ronald Reagan loved that ranch.
只要有机会他就想去那里，这跟象征意义或其他任何东西都无关。 He wanted to go out there every time he could, and it had nothing to do with symbolism or anything.
他只是喜欢清理灌木、放松并享受其中。 He just loved to cut brush and relax and enjoy himself.
自担任加州州长以来，Reagan 一直将这处地产作为躲避公共生活压力的避难所。 Since his days as governor of California, Reagan has used the property as a refuge from the pressures of public life.
最近，这里成了他唯一能躲避国际社会因他在核军备竞赛中所扮演角色而引发的强烈抗议的地方。 And recently, it's the one of the only places he can escape the international outcry over his role in the nuclear arms race.
（群众叫喊） (crowd shouting)
>> 男子：当务之急是冻结武器，这样它们就不会焚毁人类！ >> man: The order of business is to freeze the weapons so they won't burn the people!
>> Donaldson：随着第一任期的推进，当涉及到外交政策时，人们对 Reagan 产生了一种强烈的不安感。 >> Donaldson: As the first term wore on, there was a great feeling of unease about Reagan when it came to foreign policy.
街头的群众示威规模非常宏大。 The mass demonstrations in the streets were very large.
不仅有愤怒，还有暴力。 There was not just anger but violence.
我认为很多美国人都在想，“也许我们该重新审视一下 Ronald Reagan。” And I think a lot of people in the United States said, "Maybe we should take a second look at Ronald Reagan."
Reagan 击败共产主义并减少核武器的目标，纠缠在超级大国之间的口水仗中。 Reagan's goal of defeating communism and reducing nuclear weapons is tangled in a war of words between the superpowers.
总统公开称苏联为“邪恶帝国”…… The president has publicly called the Soviet union the evil empire...
>> Reagan：邪恶帝国…… >> Reagan: An evil empire...
并说自由会让共产主义…… And said freedom would leave communism...
>> Reagan：……被扫进历史的灰堆。 >> Reagan: On the ash heap of history.
到1983年8月，Reagan 总统尚未与苏联领导人进行过直接对话。 By August 1983, President Reagan has yet to talk directly with the Soviet leader.
>> Shultz：我记得我刚就职时。 >> Shultz: I remember when I came into office.
我的一位密友当时担任西德总理。 One of my close friends was chancellor in West Germany.
他对我说道，“乔治，局势很危险。” And he said to me, "George, the situation is dangerous."
>> Reagan：我的美国同胞们，我今晚来到你们面前是为了大韩航空惨案， >> Reagan: My fellow Americans, I'm coming before you tonight about the Korean airline massacre,
苏联攻击了一架载有269名无辜男女及儿童的非武装韩国客机。 the attack by the Soviet union against 269 innocent men, women and children aboard an unarmed Korean passenger plane.
这架载有61名美国人的大韩航空747客机在从纽约飞往首尔的途中，偏离航线进入了苏联领空。 The KAL 747, with 61 Americans on board, was on its way from New York to Seoul when it drifted into Soviet airspace.
>> Shultz：地面控制中心下达了击落飞机的命令。 >> Shultz: The order was given from the ground control to shoot the plane down.
（无线电嘈杂声） (indistinct radio chatter)
>> 全世界都感到愤怒。 And there was an outrage all over the world.
>> 记者：在费城，约300人聚集在独立厅外，焚烧了苏联领导人安德罗波夫的模拟像。 >> reporter: In Philadelphia, some 300 persons gathered outside Independence Hall and burned an effigy of Soviet President Andropov.
（群众愤怒地叫喊） (crowd shouting angrily)
>> Schieffer：在苏联人击落韩国客机后，美国的许多人真的已经准备好要与苏联开战了。 >> Schieffer: After the Russians shot down the Korean airliner, many in America were ready, literally, to go to war with the Soviet Union.
>> Reagan：这是一种野蛮行径， >> Reagan: It was an act of barbarism
源于一个肆意无视个人权利和人类生命价值、并不断寻求扩张和统治其他国家的社会。 born of a society which wantonly disregards individual rights and the value of human life and seeks constantly to expand and dominate other nations.
>> Powell：Reagan 总统认为苏联，或者更具体地说，滋养苏联的意识形态，是邪恶的。 >> Powell: President Reagan considered the Soviet Union, but more importantly the ideology that fueled the Soviet Union, as evil.
但即便在他谴责他们的时候，他也会说，“我想向他们伸出援手。” But even as he condemned them, he would say, "I wanna reach out to them."
>> Reagan：我们不能、也绝不能放弃削减威胁世界的毁灭性武器库的努力。 >> Reagan: We can not, we must not give up our effort to reduce the arsenals of destructive weapons threatening the world.
>> Schieffer：尽管他一直在谈论强大的国防和对抗共产主义，但在动用武力方面他总是非常谨慎。 >> Schieffer: For all his talk about a strong defense and standing up to communism, was always very careful about committing force.
Ronald Reagan 并不打算为此与苏联开战。 Ronald Reagan was not about to go to war with the Soviet Union over this.
>> 播音员：美国再次迎来了黎明。 >> Announcer: It's morning again in America.
在 Reagan 总统的领导下，我们的国家变得更自豪、更强大、更美好。 And under the leadership of President Reagan, our country is prouder and stronger and better.
为什么我们要回到那段不到4年前的时光呢？ Why would we ever want to return to where we were less than 4 short years ago?
到1984年，Ronald Reagan 正在顺利迈向连任。 By 1984, Ronald Reagan is cruising toward re-election.
（群众呼喊）在经历了曾威胁到他连任希望的经济衰退后， (crowd chanting) After enduring a recession that threatened his hopes for a second term,
得益于 Reagan 的增税政策，经济正在回升。 the economy, thanks in part to the Reagan tax increases, is bouncing back.
（掌声） (applause)
>> Schieffer：1984年的竞选与1980年的大不相同。 >> Schieffer: The campaign in 1984 was much different than the one in 1980.
人们对现状感到相当满意。 People were pretty happy about things as they were.
Reagan 一直表现得很好，直到进入总统辩论环节。 Reagan was doing well until they came to the presidential debates.
>> Ridings：我是 Dorothy Ridings，女性选民联盟主席， >> Ridings: I'm Dorothy Ridings, president of the League of Women Voters,
也是今晚共和党人 Ronald Reagan 与民主党人 Walter Mondale 之间首场总统辩论的主办方。 the sponsor of tonight's first presidential debate between Republican Ronald Reagan and Democrat Walter Mondale.
>> Schieffer：在第一场辩论中，他的表现简直糟透了。 >> Schieffer: In the first debate, he was just awful.
>> Reagan：所以，还有许多其他数据表明……那个……呃……这些拨款项目比以往任何时候都要多。 >> Reagan: So, there are a host of other figures that reveal that... the... uh... the-- the grant programs are greater than they have ever been.
>> Schieffer：他似乎无法随口说出事实。 >> Schieffer: He seemed to not have the facts at his fingertips.
>> Reagan：犯罪率在过去两年里首次下降—— >> Reagan: Crime has come down the last two years for the first time--
这是几十年来的首次下降——或者是自我们有记录以来的首次连续两年下降。 many, many decades that it has come down--or since we've kept records 2 consecutive years.
>> Schieffer：这立即引发了一轮猜测：老人家是不是已经老糊涂了？ >> Schieffer: And it immediately set off this round of speculation, has the old man lost it?
>> Reagan：该系统在……方面仍保持原状…… >> Reagan: The system is still where it was with regard to...
嗯……那个，呃——关于——那个，呃，正如我所说的累进性。 Um... the, uh--with regard to the--the, uh progressivity, as I've said.
>> Donaldson：他在就任总统后不久就到了70岁。 >> Donaldson: He'd turned 70 shortly after becoming president.
那是4年后的事了。 It was 4 years later.
>> Donaldson：他年纪大了，全国人都屏住了呼吸，因为突然之间，年龄问题被摆到了桌面上。 >> Donaldson: He was getting on, and the country gave a--kind of a-- (exhales sharply) 'cause suddenly, the age thing was right on the table.
我们还能信任这个我们喜欢的家伙再干4年吗？ Could we trust this guy, who we like, with another 4 years?
嗯，Nancy Reagan 接管了局面，并对他的顾问们说：“你们让他准备过度了。” Well, Nancy Reagan took charge and said to his advisors, "You overprepared him.
“你们往他脑子里塞了太多的事实和数据之类的东西。” You gave him too many facts and figures and stuff in his mind.
“第二场辩论不能再这么做了。” You don't do that for the second debate."
>> 主持人：你已经是历史上最年长的总统了。 >> moderator: You already are the oldest president in history.
你的一些工作人员说，在最近一次与 Mondale 先生交手后，你感到很疲倦。 Some of your staff say you were tired after your most recent encounter with Mr. Mondale.
但我还记得，肯尼迪总统在古巴导弹危机期间，曾连续多日几乎没有睡眠。 I recall, yet, that President Kennedy had to go for days on end with very little sleep during the Cuba missile crisis.
你是否怀疑自己在那样的环境下还能正常工作？ Is there any doubt in your mind that you would be able to function in such circumstances?
>> Reagan：一点也不，Trewhitt 先生。 >> Reagan: Not at all, Mr.
我想让你知道，我也不会把年龄作为这次竞选的一个议题。 Trewhitt, and I want you to know that also, I will not make age an issue of this campaign.
我不打算为了政治目的，去利用我对手的年轻和缺乏经验。 I am not going to exploit, for political purposes, my opponent's youth and inexperience.
（笑声） (laughter)
>> Donaldson：哈！ >> Donaldson: Ha!
镜头切到了正在大笑的 Walter Mondale。 The camera does a cut-away of Walter Mondale, who is laughing.
然后镜头回到了 Reagan，这位老演员身上。 Then it comes back to Reagan, the old actor.
他拿起一杯水，抿了一口。 He picks up a glass of water and takes a sip.
大局已定，完胜。 Game, set, match.
>> 群众：再干4年！ >> crowd: 4 more years!
再干四年！ 4 MORE YEARS!
>> Reagan：我想这事儿已经定下来了。 >> Reagan: I think that's just been arranged.
（欢呼与掌声） (cheers and applause)
在总统大选史上最悬殊的压倒性胜利中，Ronald Reagan 赢下了50个州中的49个。 In the biggest landslide victory ever in a presidential election, Ronald Reagan takes 49 of the 50 states.
随着经济即将迎来美国历史上规模最大的和平时期扩张，Reagan 获得了前所未有的授权。 With the economy on the verge of the biggest peacetime expansion in U.S. history, Reagan has an unprecedented mandate.
但他最大的目标——在枪击事件后变得更加个人化的目标——似乎仍然遥不可及。 But his biggest goal, which became even more personal after the shooting, still seems out of reach.
>> Schieffer：Ronald Reagan 脑子里始终萦绕的一件事是： >> Schieffer: The thing that always was in the back of Ronald Reagan's mind was
“我们要拿这些核武器怎么办？” >> "what are we gonna do about these nuclear weapons?
“我们怎样才能找到废除它们的方法？” How can we find a way to do away with them?"
就在 Reagan 第二次就职几个月后，他一直等待的机会出现了 Just months after Reagan's second inauguration, the opportunity he's been waiting for appears
56岁的米哈伊尔·戈尔巴乔夫被任命为苏联新任领导人。 when 56-year-old Mikhail Gorbachev is appointed as the new premier of the Soviet Union.
>> Anderson：我认为他们选择戈尔巴乔夫，部分是为了应对 >> Anderson: I think their selection of Gorbachev is partly in response
他们在美国看到的这位强有力的领导人，他们需要一个能与之抗衡的人。 to the powerful leader they see in the United States, and they need a counter to him.
他们需要一个能与 Ronald Reagan 打交道的人。 They need someone who can deal with Ronald Reagan.
在超级大国之间经历了数年的僵持之后，Reagan 和戈尔巴乔夫同意在瑞士日内瓦会面。 After years of gridlock between the superpowers, Reagan and Gorbachev agree to meet in Geneva, Switzerland.
Reagan 为这次会面做准备，他知道他只有一次留下第一印象的机会。 Reagan prepares for the meeting, knowing that he has one shot to make a first impression.
>> Massie：我是为 Reagan 总统提供建议的众多人员之一。 >> Massie: I was one of many who advised President Reagan.
而且，你知道，当时所有人都在说总统太老了。 And, you know, everybody was saying the president was so old.
你知道，老迈，几乎可以说是老态龙钟，我看着他说道：“总统先生……” You know, ancient, you know, decrepit practically, and I looked at him, and I said "Mr. President...
“总统先生……” President...
“您更年长，也更睿智。您有资本表现得慷慨大度。” You're older. You're wiser. You can afford to be magnanimous."
>> Donaldson：我也在场。那是日内瓦非常寒冷的一天，没人能完全确定会发生什么。 >> Donaldson: I was there. It was a very cold day in Geneva, and no one was quite certain what would happen.
这时苏联的 Zil 轿车出现了，一辆大型豪华轿车开进院子并停了下来。 Here came the Russian Zil, a big limousine drove up and stopped in the courtyard.
>> Adelman：戈尔巴乔夫从车里走出来，裹着大帽子，穿着厚大衣。 >> Adelman: And there out of the car comes Gorbachev wrapped in a big hat, wrapped in a big coat.
>> Donaldson：而 Ronald Reagan 走下台阶，冒着严寒，没穿大衣。 >> Donaldson: Down the steps came Ronald Reagan, bitterly cold, no overcoat.
>> Massie：我当时在列宁格勒，和一群苏联人在一起。 >> Massie: I was in Leningrad, and I was with all these Russians.
他们看着他，看到了这一幕。 And they looked at him, and they saw this.
这是任何普通百姓第一次见到我们总统的形象。 The first image that any ordinary people had ever seen of our president.
他们说：“多棒的男人！ They said, "What a man!
多棒的国家！” What a country!"
>> Adelman：然后 Reagan 示意了一下那座别墅，像是他在欢迎对方， >> Adelman: And then Reagan kind of points to the villa like he's welcoming him,
就像那是他的别墅一样，尽管那只是一座中立的别墅。首脑峰会就这样开始了。 >like it's his villa even though it's a neutral villa and starts the first summit.
>> Anderson：Reagan 对戈尔巴乔夫说的一句话是：“你我两人都来自小镇，家庭背景都比较普通， >> Anderson: One of the things that Reagan says to Gorbachev is, "You and I are both from small towns, relatively modest backgrounds,
而现在，我们是世界上这两个国家的领导人，我们要么发动第三次世界大战，要么阻止它。” and here we are, the leaders of the 2 countries in the world that can either start world war 3 or prevent it.
“所以，我们难道不应该一起为此做点什么吗？” So shouldn't we do something about this together?"
>> 记者：总统先生，您对戈尔巴乔夫先生的第一印象如何？ >> reporter: Mr. President, what's your first impression of Mr. Gorbachev?
>> Donaldson：在见到戈尔巴乔夫后，他开始对戈尔巴乔夫这个人产生好感， >> Donaldson: After he met Gorbachev, he warmed up to Gorbachev the man,
而不是对他作为共产主义领导人的身份。 not the Gorbachev the communist leader.
他不再被视为那个原本以为是苏联领导人的“邪恶三头怪”，而只是一个普通人。 Instead of this evil, three- headed monster that was supposed to be a Soviet leader, it was a guy.
他们一起喝了杯东西，我认为那是美苏关系解冻的开始。 They had a drink together, and I think that was the beginning of a thaw in Soviet/American relations.
两位领导人同意明年在华盛顿再次会面。 The two leaders agree to meet again in Washington the following year.
他们还签署了一份联合声明，宣布核战争没有赢家，绝不能开战。 They also sign a joint statement which declares that a nuclear war cannot be won and must never be fought.
>> Reagan：国会议员们、尊贵的来宾们、我的美国同胞们，回家的感觉真好。 >> Reagan: Members of the Congress, distinguished guests and my fellow Americans, it's great to be home.
（掌声） (applause)
从日内瓦回国后的第二天，Reagan 总统向国会联席会议 The day after returning home from Geneva, President Reagan is telling a joint session of Congress
及黄金时段的电视观众讲述了他与苏联领导人的首次接触。 and a primetime TV audience about his first encounter with the Soviet premier.
>> Reagan：我呼吁建立一个新的开始，而我们也确实迈出了这一步。 >> Reagan: I called for a fresh start, and we made that start.
我不能说我们在意识形态或国家目标等根本问题上达成了共识， I can't claim that we had a meeting of the minds on such fundamentals as ideology or national purpose,
但我们更加了解彼此了，而这是和平的关键。 but we understand each other better, and that's a key to peace.
>> Schieffer：虽然 Ronald Reagan 骨子里是反共的， >> Schieffer: Ronald Reagan, while he was anti-communist to his core,
但他似乎从一开始就意识到——尤其是在那次针对他的刺杀未遂之后， he seemed to recognize from the beginning, and certainly after the attempted assassination on his life,
这个世界拥有毁灭自身的力量。 that the world had the power to destroy itself.
他从一开始就想废除核武器。 He, from the beginning, wanted to do away with nuclear weapons.
>> Reagan：因为没有什么比追求和平更伟大的善行，也没有什么比维护自由更崇高的目标了。 >> Reagan: For there can be no greater good than the quest for peace and no finer purpose than the preservation of freedom.
感谢各位今晚听我演讲，上帝保佑你们。 Thank you for allowing me to talk to you this evening, and God bless you all.
（掌声） (applause)
那天晚上，Reagan 让国民感到世界可能比前一晚更安全了一点。 That night, Reagan leaves the nation with a sense that the world may be a little safer than it was the night before.
然而他并没意识到，他即将面临一系列危机，这将威胁到他的梦想、他的总统任期以及他的政治遗产。 Yet he is unaware that he's about to face a series of crises that will threaten his dream, his presidency, and his legacy.
>> Jennings：雷克雅未克峰会前夕，苏联领导人于今日抵达。 >> Jennings: It is the eve of the Reykjavik summit. The Soviet leader arrived today.
总统将在明早接见他。 The president will meet him in the morning.
在日内瓦首次握手一年后，Reagan 总统来到冰岛雷克雅未克， One year after they first shook hands in Geneva, President Reagan is in Reykjavik, Iceland,
与苏联领导人米哈伊尔·戈尔巴乔夫进行一场仓促安排的会谈。 for a hastily planned sit-down with Soviet Premier Mikhail Gorbachev.
在没有任何预警的情况下，苏联人向美国人提出紧急请求， With no prior warning, the Soviets reached out to the Americans with an urgent request
希望两位领导人恢复谈话，地点不在原先商定的华盛顿，而是在中立地区。 for the two leaders to resume their talks not in Washington as previously agreed upon but on neutral ground.
>> Adelman：Reagan 接受了，因为顾问告诉他，这对戈尔巴乔夫的国内地位很重要， >> Adelman: Reagan accepted it because he was told by his advisors that this was important for Gorbachev's internal standing,
而这次峰会不会有太大进展。 that not much was going to happen at the summit.
这只是一场媒体活动，仅此而已。 It was a media event, and that was it.
>> Jennings：在雷克雅未克，和世界其他许多地方一样， >> Jennings: Here in Reykjavik, as in many other parts of the world,
人们渴望知道 Reagan 先生和戈尔巴乔夫先生是否会在本周末的峰会上迈出一步。 whether Mr. Reagan and Mr.Gorbachev will take a step at the summit this weekend
这将使世界变得更加稳定。 which will make the world a more stable place.
>> Shultz：第一天坐下来，戈尔巴乔夫基本上全盘接受了我们关于战略武器的所有提议。 >> Shultz: The first day, we sat down, and Gorbachev basically put on the table Soviet agreement to practically all of our proposals on strategic arms.
>> Donaldson：他说，“我把所有的原子导弹都摆在桌面上。”所有的，全部。 >> Donaldson: He said, "I'll put on the table all the atomic missiles." All of them.
我们谈论的不是削减10%。 We're not talking about reducing 10%.
而是彻底消除它们。Reagan 很感兴趣。他也想摆脱原子武器。 Let's get rid of them all. Reagan was intrigued. He wanted to get rid of atomic weapons.
对 Reagan 来说，他的梦想似乎正处于变为现实的边缘。 For Reagan, it seems that his dream of may be on the verge of becoming a reality.
但其中有一个陷阱。 But there's a catch.
戈尔巴乔夫的提议附带了一些严苛的条件。 Gorbachev's offer has some serious strings attached.
>> Donaldson：戈尔巴乔夫担心的最后一件事是战略防御计划， >> Donaldson: The final thing that Gorbachev worried about was strategic defense initiative,
即 Reagan 的计划，在美国被形象地称为“星球大战”。 Reagan's initiative, popularly in this country dubbed "Star Wars."
>> 播音员：当网络探测到苏联洲际导弹发射时，计算机会获取导弹轨迹， >> Announcer: When the network detects the launch of a Soviet ICBM, computers acquire the missile track
并派遣拦截器在导弹的初始助推阶段将其摧毁。 and send interceptors to destroy the missile during its initial boost phase.
>> Schieffer：“星球大战”是一种导弹防御系统，你会用导弹去击落导弹。 >> Schieffer: "Star Wars" was this missile defense system which you would use missiles to shoot down missiles.
我们在电视上制作了所有的图解， We made all these graphics on television that
看起来就像我们在美国上方放了一个巨大的有机玻璃圆顶来保护它免受导弹攻击。 looked like we were putting a big Plexiglas dome on the United States to protect it from these missiles.
实际上它比那要复杂得多。 It was far more complicated than that.
Reagan 非常支持“星球大战”，很多人过去常说，“他真的以为那些图解就是这东西运作的方式。” Reagan was really for "Star Wars," and a lot of people used to say, "He really thinks those graphics are the way this thing works."
>> Donaldson：戈尔巴乔夫想，虽然我的科学家告诉我这办不到， >> Donaldson: Gorbachev thought, well, I mean, my scientists tell me that really, it can't be done
或者至少没人知道怎么做，但这些美国人也许真的能做到。 or at least no one knows how to do it, but these Americans, maybe they can do it.
我们能冒这个险吗？ Can we take a chance on this?
我们必须让他们放弃“星球大战”。 We've got to get them to forget "Star Wars."
>> Shultz：而总统绝不打算那样做。 >> Shultz: And the president wasn't about to do that.
>> Jennings：今晚，峰会结束，气氛变得更加凝重，且未取得任何进展。 >> Jennings: Tonight, when the summit was over, a much more somber mood and no progress.
>> Adelman：Reagan 最后非常愤怒。 >> Adelman: Reagan was furious at the end.
他和戈尔巴乔夫走出来，戈尔巴乔夫对他说：“好吧，Ron，我不知道我还能怎么做。” He walked out with Gorbachev, and Gorbachev said to him, "Well, Ron, I don't know what I could've done differently."
Reagan 看着他，在这个约翰·韦恩式的时刻， And Reagan looked at him in this John Wayne moment,
用手指点着对方的胸口说：“好吧，你原本可以回答‘好的’。” punched a finger in his chest, and he says, "Well, you could've said 'yes.'"
>> Donaldson：Reagan 说，“是你搞砸了。” 戈尔巴乔夫说，“我们可以再试一次。我们可以继续努力。” >> Reagan said, "You did this." Gorbachev, "We can try again.
Reagan 说，“不，你已经搞砸了，”然后离开了。 We can keep working." Reagan said, "No, you've done this," and left.
>> Anderson：Reagan 认为戈尔巴乔夫并没有带着诚意谈判，且从未打算达成协议， >> Anderson: Reagan believes that Gorbachev did not negotiate in good faith and never intended to agree
他提出这些方案只是为了最后说“不”，并不打算妥协。 and that he was offering all these things and was always going to say no and not to compromise.
Reagan 担心雷克雅未克的苦涩结局可能意味着他梦想的破灭。 Reagan fears that the bitter ending at Reykjavik could spell the end of his dream.
但当他回到华盛顿，他面临的是一场政治噩梦，一场可能让他失去总统宝座的丑闻。 But as he returns to Washington, he's confronted by a political nightmare, a scandal that may cost him the presidency.
>> Reagan：我的美国同胞们，古话说得好，没有什么比谣言传播得更快的了。 >> Reagan: My fellow Americans, there's an old saying that nothing spreads so quickly as a rumor.
所以我认为有必要直接与你们交流，亲口告诉你们我们与伊朗的交易。 So I thought it was time to speak with you directly, to tell you firsthand about our dealings with Iran.
正如威尔·罗杰斯曾说的，谣言传得更快，但它不像真相那样经久不变。 As Will Rogers once said, rumor travels faster, but it don't stay put as long as truth.
>> Schieffer：Ronald Reagan 是一位代表美国核心价值观的总统。 >> Schieffer: Ronald Reagan was this president who had stood for American core values.
Ronald Reagan 是个曾说过“我们绝不与恐怖分子谈判”的人。 Ronald Reagan was a guy who said we will never negotiate with terrorists.
>> Reagan：有人指责美国向伊朗运送武器，作为释放黎巴嫩美国人质的赎金， >> Reagan: A charge has been made that the United States has shipped weapons to Iran as ransom payment for the release of American hostages in Lebanon,
指责美国背弃盟友，秘密违反了不与恐怖分子进行交易的政策。 that the United States undercut its allies and secretly violated American policy against trafficking with terrorists.
这些指责纯属子虚乌有。 Those charges are utterly false.
>> Schieffer：然而事实证明，尽管他总是这么说，但实际上我们当时确实在与恐怖分子谈判。 >> Schieffer: Yet it turned out that while he had always said that, in fact, we were negotiating with terrorists.
证据表明，Reagan 的部分幕僚授权向伊朗出售武器。 Evidence indicates that some members of Reagan's staff authorized arms to be sold to Iran.
利润随后被非法转移给尼加拉瓜的反共康特拉反抗军。 The profits were then diverted illegally to the anti-communist Contra rebels in Nicaragua.
数月来，Reagan 坚称他对自己幕僚这些秘密且非法的交易并不知情。 For months, Reagan maintains that he was unaware of the secret and illegal dealings.
>> 记者：白宫官员知道接下来的几个月会很艰难…… >> reporter: White House officials know they've got a rough couple of months ahead...
>> 记者：伊朗军售丑闻是一个充满离奇转折的故事…… >> reporter: The Iran arms deal has been a story of many strange twists...
>> Jennings：59% 的公众相信总统仍然没有说实话。 >> Jennings: 59% of the public believe the president is still not telling the truth.
随着要求他辞职的呼声越来越高，Reagan 总统第二次发表全国讲话。 With calls for his resignation sounding louder and louder, President Reagan addresses the nation a second time.
>> Reagan：首先，让我说，我对我自己的行为以及我政府的行为承担全部责任。 >> Reagan: First, let me say I take full responsibility for my own actions and for those of my administration.
虽然我对我并不知情的活动感到愤怒，但我仍然要为这些活动负责。 As angry as I may be about activities undertaken without my knowledge, I am still accountable for those activities.
>> Schieffer：人们对 Ronald Reagan 寄予厚望并深信不疑， >> Schieffer: People had expected and believed in Ronald Reagan,
当突然看起来他也许并不真的相信他一直说的那些话时， and when it suddenly looked like maybe he didn't really believe all those things that he had been saying,
这导致他的公信力直线下降。 it caused his credibility to just plummet.
>> Reagan：几个月前，我告诉美国人民我没有用武器换取人质。 >> Reagan: A few months ago, I told the American people I did not trade arms for hostages.
我的内心和初衷依然告诉我那是真的。 My heart and my best intentions still tell me that's true.
但事实和证据告诉我并非如此。 But the facts and the evidence tell me it is not.
>> 记者：Reagan 总统今天谈到了他与伊朗的秘密武器交易…… >> reporter: President Reagan talked about his secret arms deal with Iran today...
>> 记者：这不是一位会轻易承认错误的总统…… >> reporter: This is not a president who admits mistakes easily...
>> 记者：没人能预料 Ronald Reagan 或他的总统任期会被削弱到何种程度。 >> reporter: No one can predict how weakened Ronald Reagan or his presidency will be.
>> Donaldson：Reagan 陷入了极大的麻烦， >> Donaldson: Reagan was in very bad trouble,
国会山上的人们甚至在讨论要弹劾美国总统。 and people on Capitol Hill were talking about impeaching the president of the United States.
（男子用德语演讲）（群众欢呼） (man speaking German) (crowd cheering)
随着独立委员会对丑闻的调查不断深入，Reagan 的政治遗产面临危机。 With an independent commission deepening its investigation of the scandal, Reagan's legacy is at risk.
他动用了政治武器库中最强大的武器，以重新赢得美国人民和世界其他地区的信任。 He turns to the most powerful weapon in his political arsenal to regain the trust of the American people and the rest of world.
>> Gergen：我经常认为 Reagan 是为演讲而活的， >> Gergen: I've often thought that Reagan lived for the speech
其他一切实际上都像是在等待，因为他知道演讲是他能说服人们的地方。 and everything else was sort of waiting, in effect, because the speech is where he knew he could persuade people.
（群众欢呼） >> Reagan：谢谢。 (crowd cheering) >> Reagan: Thank you.
Reagan 来到了苏美两种意识形态之间的象征性边界——柏林墙。 Reagan goes to the symbolic border between the ideologies of the Soviet Union and America, the Berlin Wall.
>> Donaldson：他将演讲稿发给国务院征求意见。 >> Donaldson: He circulated the speech through the State Department for comment.
他们的主要意见是针对“戈尔巴乔夫先生，推倒这堵墙”这一行。“不要读那句。” And its main comment was this line about "Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall." "Don't read that.
“删掉它。” Eliminate that.
“我们要把它去掉。” We want that out.
“这太具挑衅性了。” It's too provocative."
>> Reagan：苏联可以做出一个明确无误的姿态。 >> Reagan: There is one sign that the Soviets can make that would be unmistakable.
戈尔巴乔夫总书记，如果你寻求和平，请打开这扇门。 General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, open this gate.
（群众欢呼） (crowd cheers)
>> Donaldson：于是那天，在勃兰登堡门前，在柏林墙前，他读到了最后几行。 >> Donaldson: So that day, in front of the Brandenburg Gate, in front of the Berlin Wall, he came to the last lines.
（掌声） (applause)
>> Reagan：戈尔巴乔夫先生，推倒这堵墙！ >> Reagan: Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall.
（群众欢呼） (crowd cheers)
>> Powell：真正令人惊叹的一点是…… >> Powell: The thing that really made it so amazing...
是我们认为，归根结底，它反倒帮了戈尔巴乔夫。 Was we think, at the end of the day, it helped Gorbachev.
它向他的同僚们表明，你们看，我们必须对这种糟糕的局面做点什么。 It showed his associates that, you know, we've gotta do something about this terrible situation.
我们怎么能假装自己是一个民主社会？ How can we pretend to be a democratic society?
当我们还需要围墙时，我们怎么能继续假装我们的系统是在运转的？ How can we continue to pretend that our system is working when we need walls?
（乐队演奏号角声）（激昂的进行曲） (band playing fanfare) (lively march playing)
雷克雅未克会晤一年后，米哈伊尔·戈尔巴乔夫来到华盛顿会见 Reagan 总统。 One year after Reykjavik, Mikhail Gorbachev is in Washington to meet with President Reagan.
>> Reagan：今天标志着一次或许比以往许多次都更重大的访问， >> Reagan: Today marks a visit that is perhaps more momentous than many which have proceeded it
因为它代表了对手而非盟友的聚首。 because it represents a coming together not of allies but of adversaries.
在上次会面后的几个月里，戈尔巴乔夫在他在冰岛提出的要求上做出了退让。 In the months since they last met, Gorbachev has backpedaled on the demands he made in Iceland.
>> Donaldson：直到今天，Reagan 政府的官员仍会告诉你， >> Donaldson: To this day, Reagan administration officials will tell you
雷克雅未克会晤是与苏联最终成功削减军备的开端。 that Reykjavik was the beginning of the ultimate success in arms reduction with the Soviet Union.
>> Adelman：第一，它让苏联和戈尔巴乔夫意识到，我们不会放弃“星球大战”， >> Adelman: Number one, it gave the Soviet Union and Gorbachev the realization that we were not going to do away with SDI,
即战略防御计划。 the strategic defense initiative.
第二，它展示了总统的强硬。 Number two, it showed that the president was tough.
随着苏联经济在试图跟上 Reagan “以实力求和平”的军事扩张的压力下摇摇欲坠， With the Soviet economy reeling under the strain of trying to keep up with Reagan's peace through strength military buildup,
戈尔巴乔夫向 Reagan 的重大军备协议条款做出了让步。 Gorbachev concedes to Reagan's terms for a major arms agreement.
>> Reagan：世界正在注视着我们，而我们要展示一些成果给他们看。 >> Reagan: The world is watching, and we've got something to show them.
>> Powell：华盛顿峰会的主要事件是签署《中导条约》，即《中程导弹条约》， >> Powell: The major event at the Washington summit was to sign the I.N.F. Treaty, Intermediate Nuclear Force Treaty,
这是一个首次将消除双方整类核武器的条约。 which was a treaty that, for the first time, was going to eliminate an entire class of nuclear weapons on both sides.
>> Adelman：Reagan 对签署《中程导弹条约》感到非常高兴。 >> Adelman: Reagan was just tickled pink to be signing the intermediate nuclear force treaty.
>> Reagan：我们听取了一句古老俄国格言的智慧…… >> Reagan: We have listened to the wisdom in an old Russian maxim...
（俄语）“信任，但要核实。”（笑声）（男子说俄语） (speaks Russian) "Trust, but verify." (laughter) (man speaks Russian)
>> Gorbechev：（俄语） >> Gorbechev: (speaks Russian)
>> 翻译：你每次见面都重复这句话。 >> translator: You repeat that at every meeting.
（笑声） (laughter)
>> Adelman：Reagan 是一位大场面选手。 >> Adelman: Reagan was a big- game player.
当场面宏大、真正关键的时候，他的表现总是令人惊叹。 When the game was big, when it really counted, he was sensational.
>> Donaldson：他与苏联的交涉以及他对苏联的态度，这可能是他个人最大的成就。 >> Donaldson: His dealing with the Soviet Union and his attitude toward the Soviet Union, that was probably his single bigest achievement.
他的一些其他政策在100年后可能仍有争议，但这一项不会。 Some of his other policies are still gonna be up for grabs 100 years from now, but not that one.
>> Powell：他是唯一的功臣吗？ >> Powell: Was he the only one?
不。 No.
戈尔巴乔夫发挥作用了吗？ Did Gorbachev have a role to play?
那是肯定的。 You bet.
马尔罗尼、科尔、撒切尔，所有人都有功劳。 Mulroney, Kohl, Thatcher, all of them.
但他们都将 Reagan 视为那一时期最重要国家的领袖，视为向往自由的世界的领袖。 But they all looked to Reagan as leader of the most important nation during that period, a leader of the world that wanted to be free.
>> 记者：总统先生，您还认为自己面对的是“邪恶帝国”吗？ >> reporter: Do you still think you're in an evil empire, Mr. President?
>> Reagan：不。 >> Reagan: No.
>> 记者：为什么不呢？ >> reporter: Why not?
>> Reagan：我谈论的是另一个时代，另一个时期。 >> Reagan: I was talking about another time in another era.
演员工会主席 Ronald Reagan 40 years after Screen Actors Guild president Ronald Reagan
在帮助女演员 Nancy Davis 洗清共产主义者假指控的40年后， helped clear Hollywood actress Nancy Davis of false accusations of being a communist,
两人一同站在了这段漫长且胜利旅程的终点。 the two stand together at the end of a long, victorious journey.
当 Reagan 夫妇开始期待卸任后的生活时， As the Reagans begin to look forward to a life beyond the presidency,
他们并不知道自己即将面临一生中最艰难的战斗。 they have no idea that they are about to face the toughest battle of their lives.
>> Schieffer：晚上好。 >> Schieffer: Good evening.
今天晚些时候，前总统 Ronald Reagan 在一封感人至深的亲笔公开信中告知新闻机构， In a poignant, open letter to the American people in his own handwriting, former president Ronald Reagan notified news agencies late today
他已被诊断出患有阿尔茨海默病。 that he has been diagnosed as having Alzheimer's disease.
我永远不会忘记1994年的那一天。 I'll never forget that day in 1994.
Reagan 先生说，他和夫人决定公开这一消息，因为 Mr. Reagan said he and Mrs. Reagan decided to make the news public because
“通过敞开心扉，我们希望这能促进社会对这种疾病的更多关注。” "in opening our hearts, we hope this might promote greater awareness of this condition."
我记得读过他亲笔写的这封信，那是非常感人、非常有尊严的事。 I remember reading this letter he had written in his own hand, and it was the most touching thing, it was the most dignified thing.
他在信的结尾写道：“我现在开始了走向我生命黄昏的旅程。” He concludes the letter: "I now begin the journey that will lead me into the sunset of my life."
我们都需要知道如何离场，而在华盛顿，很多人并不懂得这一点。 We all need to know how to leave, and so many times in Washington, people don't.
Ronald Reagan 知道如何体面退出。 Ronald Reagan knew how to make an exit.
他在演艺界学会了这一点，并在那一天做到了。 He had learned that in show business, and he made it that day.
这位前总统在公众视线中的日子结束了。 The former president's days in the public eye are over.
这个成年后一直生活在聚光灯下的男人，现在正与 Nancy 相伴，过着宁静且隔绝的生活。 The man who has spent his entire adult life in the limelight is now living in quiet isolation with Nancy by his side.
>> Colacello：可怜的 Nancy Reagan。 >> Colacello: Poor Nancy Reagan.
阿尔茨海默病的诊断结果是毁灭性的。 The Alzheimer's diagnosis was devastating.
首先，她深爱着他。其次，他们原本都期待着美好的退休生活， First of all, she loved him. But secondly, they were both looking forward to this wonderful retirement
环游世界，在农场静养。 where they would travel around the world and retreat to the ranch.
>> Anderson：在写下关于患病的信件后，他仍坚持去办公室。 >> Anderson: After he wrote the letter about his Alzheimer's disease, he continued to go to the office.
他继续在公园里散步，有时还和那里的人聊天。 He continued to walk in the park and sometimes to chat with people there.
渐渐地，他连这些事情都很难做到了。 And then gradually, it became harder for him to do even those things.
经过10年的搏斗，Ronald Reagan 的生命于2004年6月5日落幕。 After a 10-year battle, Ronald Reagan's life ends on June 5, 2004.
（士兵呼喊）（礼炮轰鸣） (soldier shouts) (cannon fire continues)
在他逝世四天后， Four days after his death,
覆盖着国旗的 Reagan 总统灵柩抵达国家首都，举行为期三天的国葬。 the flag-draped casket carrying President Reagan's body arrives in the nation's capitol for a 3-day state funeral.
>> 牧师：诗人 T.S. 艾略特写道：“演员既不痛苦，病人亦不行动。” >> priest: The poet T.S. Elliot wrote, "Neither does the actor suffer, nor the patient act.
“但两者都定格在一种永恒的忍耐，一种永恒的行为中。” But both are fixed in an eternal patience, an eternal act."
当全世界都在怀念这位领导国家的男人时，Nancy Reagan 正在哀悼她相伴52年的丈夫的离去。 While the world remembers the man who led a nation, Nancy Reagan mourns the passing of her husband of 52 years.
（快门声） (cameras clicking)
>> Colacello：你能感受到那种爱和丧亲之痛。 >> Colacello: You just felt the love and the loss.
她轻抚着棺木，就像在抚摸他的身体一样。 She just kind of stroked this coffin as if she were, you know, running her hands across his very body.
那并不夸张做作。 It was not melodramatic.
而是非常真实。 It was just very real.
（钟声鸣响） (bells tolling)
>> Schieffer：人们都在谈论 Ronald Reagan 的葬礼，但那其实是 Nancy Reagan 的葬礼。 >> Schieffer: People talk about Ronald Reagan's funeral, but it was Nancy Reagan's funeral.
她监制并导演了它，签署并决定了葬礼的每一个细节。 She produced and directed it and signed off on every detail of that funeral.
（士兵呼喊） (soldier shouts)
>> Colacello：我认为这场葬礼是她送给他的最后一份礼物。 >> Colacello: Well, I think Reagan's funeral was her last gift to him.
>> Schieffer：这是对他恰如其分的致敬，但在许多方面，这也是对 Nancy Reagan >> Schieffer: It was a fitting tribute to this man, but it was also, in many ways, a tribute to Nancy Reagan
对她表现出的勇气与爱，以及她在他生命中所扮演角色的致敬。 and to the courage and love that she had demonstrated and the part she had played in this man's life.
6月9日周五，全美民众的目光都聚焦在华盛顿国家座堂。 On Friday, June 9th, the eyes of a nation are fixed on Washington National Cathedral.
教堂内，各界名流和各国现任、前任领导人与 Reagan 的家人聚在一起，怀念他们的同事和朋友。 Inside, a mix of celebrities and world leaders, both past and present, gather with Reagan's family to remember their colleague and friend.
>> Schieffer：Reagan 葬礼的人数说明了他留下的深远印记。 >> Schieffer: The turnout for Reagan was indicative of the mark that he had made.
甚至连戈尔巴乔夫都出席了，他曾是“邪恶帝国”的首脑，而那时， When you had even Gorbachev, who at one point had been the head of the evil empire and who, by that time,
他已经见证了共产主义和他的国家在许多方面因 Ronald Reagan 实施的政策而土崩瓦解， had seen communism and his country crumble in many ways because of the policies that Ronald Reagan had put in place,
他已经见证了共产主义和他的国家在许多方面因 Ronald Reagan 这真是令人惊叹的一天。 it was--it was just an amazing--an amazing day.
在华盛顿的仪式结束后，Reagan 的遗体被空运回西海岸， Following the ceremonies in Washington, Reagan's body is flown back to the West Coast
送往其最后的安息地——位于加州西米谷的 Reagan 总统图书馆。 and carried to its final resting place, Reagan's presidential library in Simi Valley, California.
当时有600名亲友出席，全国估计有3500万人通过8家电视网络观看转播。 While there are 600 friends and family in attendance, around the nation, an estimated 35 million people are watching on 8 T.V. networks.
>> Ron：他现在回家了。 >> Ron: He is home now.
他自由了。在他给美国人民的最后一封信中，父亲写道： He is free. In his final letter to the American people, Dad wrote,
“我现在开始了走向我生命黄昏的旅程。”今晚，他已经抵达了。 "I now begin the journey that will lead me into the sunset of my life." This evening, he has arrived.
历史将记载他作为领导者的价值。 History will record his worth as a leader.
而我们在这里，早已衡量了他作为普通人的价值。 We here have long since measured his worth as a man.
当夕阳没入太平洋的地平线，罗纳德·威尔逊·里根入土为安。 As the sun fades beyond the horizon of the Pacific Ocean, Ronald Wilson Reagan is laid to rest.
离他遗体不远的地方矗立着一段柏林墙， Not far from his body stands a piece of the Berlin wall,
那是政治斗争与胜利的斑驳象征，而那场胜利对里根个人而言意义非凡。 a tattered symbol of the political battle and victory that was so very personal for Reagan.
这个在少年时代曾漫步田野林间、梦想成为冒险家的男孩， The man who, as a young boy, wandered the fields and woods dreaming of a life as an adventurer
在担任总统期间从刺客的子弹下死里逃生， and who, as president, survived a would-be assassin's bullet,
他留下了一段只有他自己才能想象出的生命传奇，以及一个因他的任期而永远改变了的世界。 leaves behind a legacy of a life only he could imagine, and a world forever altered by his presidency.
>> Powell：从里根整个人生来看，你看到的是一个信仰美国、理解美国， >> Powell: In the total Reagan, you got a man who believed in America, understood America,
并向世界其他地方传递美国精神内核的人。 and conveyed to the rest of the world what America was all about.
你看到的是一个尊重共事者、 You got a man who was respectful of the people who worked with him,
一个深爱妻子和家庭的人， a man who deeply loved his wife and family, 尊重国家及其服务的公民的人， a man who was respectful of the country and the citizens of the country that he worked for,
一个深爱妻子和家庭的人， a man who deeply loved his wife and family,
一个从极平凡的起点踏上世界舞台， and a man who stepped on the world stage from a most unlikely source
并成为助力世界发生历史性变革的重要人物。 and became a significant figure who helped bring about a historic change in the world.