Cats. 猫科动物
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早梅香野径 清漳响邱琴
仅供交流学习 禁止商用盈利 最新连载海外影视剧下载 请登陆 www.YYeTs.com
One family 同一个家族
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40 different faces. 四十种面貌
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翻译 歌谣 木浅 盐湖凉开水 喵凌波 cksteven
They captivate us, like no other animal. 他们比其他任何动物更令人着迷
翻译 GV 春天里的小熊 土方十琦郎 郑小菲
校对 王小麦 Thrash Metal
But surprisingly little is known 但出人意料地 我们对这些
about these remarkable predators. 非凡的捕食者所知甚少
时间轴 查想帮雪豹征友 姜姜家有黄杰克 大葱定居吸猫袋 hdtv调整:dizhang
后期 吉吉
Right now, across the planet, 而现在 满怀热情的人们
passionate people are devoting themselves 跨越这个星球 致力于更好地
总监 王小麦
to learning more about cats... 了解猫科动物
0h, here we go, we're downloading collar 750. 好了 正在下载750号项圈里的数据
Going to extraordinary lengths 他们想方设法地
to get closer than ever before... 取得了比以往更近距离的接触
Holy mackerel. 好家伙
He's a loose cannon. 他是个不听话的家伙
Making new discoveries 发现新的东西
There you go. 就是这样
- There we go. - Good job, Ginny. -就是这样 -好样的 金妮
That reveal the intimate secrets of their lives. 揭示了许多与他们生活相关的隐秘
There it is, just in front of us. 它在那里 就在我们前面
Oh, that's very special. 真是特别
At a time when all cats face an uncertain future... 在这个所有猫科动物都前途未卜的时候
If we get complacent, 如果我们掉以轻心
we could see tigers go extinct. 我们可能会看到老虎灭绝
This is an amazing age of discovery 这是个令人赞叹的大发现时代
that's revolutionising 正在彻底地改变
There! 在那儿
how we view the cats. 我们对猫科动物的看法
大 猫
Cheetahs are the world's fastest land animal. 猎豹是世界上速度最快的陆生动物
It's said they can accelerate faster than a Ferrari. 据说他们能比法拉利更快地加速
But no one knows for sure what they're really capable of. 但没人确切地知道他们到底能有多快
Professor Alan Wilson has spent the last five years 艾伦·威尔逊教授过去的五年里
trying to find out. 都在试图找到答案
Cheetahs are amazing. 猎豹很不可思议
They're so much faster than anything else. 他们比其他任何生物都快得多
We've got an animal that has got four times the acceleration 这种动物的加速是尤塞恩·博尔特的四倍
牙买加短跑运动员 曾多次打破世界纪录
of Usain Bolt and more than twice the top speed. 最高速度也是他的两倍多
How can they not be fascinating to study? 我们怎么可能不被吸引去研究他们
Alan wants to find the cheetahs' top speed 艾伦想要找到猎豹的最快速度
when it really counts - 在速度真正发挥作用的时候
during a hunt. 也就是他们捕猎的时候
He's developed hi-tech collars 他研发出了高科技项圈
to record the cheetahs' speed, position 来记录猎豹捕猎时的速度
and G-force while they're hunting. 位置 和重力
The cheetahs soon disappear - 猎豹很快就消失不见了
they cover hundreds of miles in search of their prey. 他们的捕猎范围涵盖了方圆几百公里
That makes getting any information 这使得从项圈中取回信息
back from the collars a real challenge. 成为了一个真正的挑战
Alan's solution? 艾伦的对策呢
He's built his own plane... from scratch. 他从零开始造了架飞机
Learnt how to fly it 学着如何驾驶它
and then filled it to the brim with the latest technology. 然后在上面装满了最新的科技
We have a tracking antenna on the wing. 机翼上装有追踪天线
We have a three-dimensional laser scanner. 有一个三维激光扫描仪
We have a video camera on a gimbal. 在常平架上装了台摄像机
That's a missile guidance system. 那是个导弹制导系统
OK, let's go find some cheetah. 来找猎豹吧
Coming into the air is 空中飞行
just such a revolution for wildlife research. 对于野生动物研究来说是一个重要的变革
0K, cheetahs on the left wing tip. 猎豹在左侧机翼方向
The cheetahs' collars record details of their movements 猎豹的项圈记录了他们运动的细节
300 times a second. 每秒三百次
As the plane flies over, 当飞机飞过时
it locks on to each collar and downloads the data. 它锁定每个项圈 并下载其中的数据
There we go, we're downloading collar 750. 好了 正在下载750号项圈里的数据
Each of those files represents one hunt. 每一个文件代表一次捕猎
After recording over 500 hunts, 在记录了超过五百次捕猎后
Alan clocked a cheetah's top speed of 58mph. 艾伦确定了猎豹的最高速度是93公里每小时
Impressive. 非常惊人
But what surprised him 但令他惊讶的是
was that most hunts were much slower, 他们在大部分的捕猎行动中跑得慢一些
only half their potential top speed. 只发挥出了潜在最高速度的一半
It turns out, for a cheetah, 原来对于猎豹来说
hunting is not all about the sprint. 捕猎并非全靠冲刺的
So what are they relying on to catch their dinner? 那么他们到底是靠什么抓到晚餐的呢
To investigate, Alan has enlisted three volunteers... 为了调查 艾伦招募了三个志愿者
and a rag on a string. 还有一条绑在绳子上的布条
These hand-reared cheetah love chasing a moving lure... 这些人工抚养的猎豹最喜欢追逐移动诱饵
replicating how cheetahs behave when hunting. 完全再现了猎豹的捕猎行为
Prey animals don't run in a straight line for long. 猎物通常是不会一直直线奔跑的
To follow their prey, 为了追捕猎物
cheetahs must also weave and change direction. 猎豹就需要同步改变方向
This manoeuvring inevitably slows them down... 这种动作当然就会减慢他们的速度
but it's also where their real strength lies. 但这也正是他们最大的长处
The accelerations and decelerations, 不断的加速和减速中
the G-forces they're pulling in the turns, are very high. 转弯时承受的重力加速度很大
The force going through their legs 他们腿部承受的力量
would be enough to break a human leg bone. 足够折断成人的腿骨
The lure's just taken the corner and the cheetah's banking, 诱饵转弯了 猎豹也倾斜转弯
and see how it's using its tail here, 你看它这里尾巴的动作
which is helping control the roll of its body 帮助它完成身体转向
and helping stabilise it, and it slowed down to turn, 稳定身体 稍微减慢速度以转弯
then it's accelerating again out of shot towards the lure. 然后再次加速 冲向猎物
Rather than speed, 猎豹狩猎
the key to the cheetahs' hunting success... 成功的关键不是速度 而是
is their agility. 敏捷
We started believing that cheetahs are the elite sprinter 一开始我们认为猎豹是短跑精英
and that was their main attribute. 这是他们最突出的特点
What we've seen is that they're gymnasts - 现在我们看到他们其实是体操运动员
they can accelerate, they can manoeuvre, 他们能加速 有极强的机动性
they can turn. 能转向
And that is what they're good at. 这才是他们的特长
Almost the speed is a by-product of all that athleticism. 速度简直成了这种运动的副产品
So they are remarkable athletes 所以他们是非凡的运动员
but we shouldn't think of them as just a speed merchant, 但我们不该认为他们只靠速度
there's much more to their repertoire than that. 他们还有很多其他技能
Having challenged our idea of how cheetahs hunt, 完成了调查猎豹捕猎秘诀的难题
Alan's now turning his attention to where they hunt. 接下来艾伦将注意力放在了捕猎地点上
It's long been thought that open grassland is their prime habitat 我们一直认为他们主要栖息在开阔平原
but even that may not be true. 但这恐怕也是错误概念
What we're seeing is they're actually even more successful 我们发现他们在林间 茂密的矮树丛
in trees, in dense scrub and even in farmland. 甚至农场要更加自如
And this makes sense. 其实这也是情理之中
Extraordinary manoeuvrability 高超的机动技巧
offers a huge advantage when twisting and turning 让他们在林间和矮树丛迷宫中曲折
through a maze of trees and shrubs. 以及转弯上有了很大优势
Here, cheetahs can more than match their prey. 在这里 猎豹可不只是能追上猎物
Even with the most familiar cats... 就算是我们最熟悉的猫科动物
there's still so much to discover. 也还有很多我们还不了解的地方
Lions. 狮子
Supreme hunters. 高级猎手
The strongest cat. 最强壮的猫科动物
Could they also be the cleverest big cat? 会不会也是最聪明的大猫呢
Dr Natalia Borrego certainly thinks so, 娜塔莉亚·博雷戈博士显然是这么认为的
and is on a mission to prove it... 于是她踏上了证明这件事的征程
although it's not the easiest thing to test in any cat, 然而这点普通猫科动物都很难检验
let alone a lion. 更别说狮子了
Her theory is all down to the fact 她的理论来源于
that lions live together in prides. 狮子以狮群为单位群居的事实
So, cats are all solitary and effectively live on their own, 猫都是独居的 自力更生独来独往
明尼苏达州大学和夸祖鲁一纳塔尔大学 娜塔莉亚·博雷戈博士
except for lions 除了狮子
they live in prides and are very social. 他们以狮群为单位群居 社交性很强
And we think of other social species 想想其他社交性强的物种
elephants, dolphins, spotted hyenas, chimpanzees - 大象 海豚 斑鬣狗 黑猩猩
they're all very intelligent, 都是智力很高的物种
so, in theory, lions should be the smartest of the cats. 所以理论上 狮子应该是最聪明的猫
The idea that social animals 社会性动物
are more intelligent is well established 更加智慧已经是公认的事实
but has never been proved for lions. 但从来没在狮子这个物种上验证过
Cats are notoriously uncooperative. 众所周知 猫科动物是不会配合的
What possible IQ test could you set a lion? 你该怎么测试一头狮子的智商呢
Natalia's travelled to South Africa 娜塔莉亚为了有机会
for the chance to test a slightly unusual pride. 测试一个不同寻常的狮群来到了南非
Kevin Richardson has an unconventional approach 凯文·理查德森有一套与狮共事的
to working with lions. 非常规手段
For ten years, he's lived alongside these rescued animals... 十年来 他与这些被解救的动物们一起生活
..becoming part of the pride. 成为了狮群的一部分
Kevin can act as a go-between to the lions... 凯文可以扮演与狮子沟通的中间人
..giving Natalia a unique chance to run her experiments. 这给了娜塔莉亚一个绝佳的实验机会
So here looks good. 这里看起来不错
Natalia has designed a puzzle for the cats to solve. 娜塔莉亚为大猫们设计了一个难题
- Mind your fingers. - Yeah. -注意手指 -好
The lion must work out how to open a door, 狮子必须学会怎么开门
then reach its head inside to get a reward. 然后把头伸进去来得到奖赏
Good. 很好
There's nothing like this in nature... 这种难题在大自然里可没有
..So to Ginny, the lion, it's a Rubik's cube. 所以对于“金妮”这头狮子来说 这就是个魔方
- And... - Yeah. -然后 -没错
- If the lions come, you just pop it down. - I just pop it back down. -狮子来了 你就放下来 -放下来
Ginny. 金妮
Here. Looka. 这里 看着
First, she must figure out how to pull the door with her paw. 首先 她必须学会怎样用爪子开门
Clever! 真聪明
Aw, you're so clever. 你真聪明
You are so clever, my silly. Oh, but it slams, eh? 你真聪明 小傻瓜 但它又关上了
What did it do? I think she's more interested 它怎么了 我觉得她对箱子更感兴趣
in the box now than the food. 而不是里面的食物
Here. Here. 这里 这里
Next, she needs to learn to stand back... 接下来 她要学会退后
- There you go. - ..and allow the door to swing open... -这就对了 -好让门完全打开
Get your head out the way. 把头拿开
- There we go. - ..Before, finally, -就这样 -最终
- she can reach her head inside. - Well done. -她可以把头伸进去了 -做得好
- That's not bad. I mean, that's... - No, that's good. -这还不错 -这样很好
- Clever. - One more time? -真聪明 -再来一次
- Yeah. - Two more times? -好 -再来两次
- I think a couple more times. - Couple more times. -我认为还要再多几次 -再多几次
There, see, she got it. Ah. 看 她拿到了
It's taken Ginny 20 minutes to figure out... “金妮”用了二十分钟来搞清楚
Good job, Ginny. .. 干得漂亮 金妮
But now she's cracked it. 但她现在已经把难题完全破解了
- There we go. - Yeah, she's getting her head out of the way now. -就这样 -现在她把头移开了
There we go. One more time. 0K, 0K, cool. 就是这样 再来一次 很好
- There you go. - Easy now she's got it. -就是这样 -现在她明白了 就简单了
- Well done. - That deserves a round of applause. -很好 -值得鼓掌
Next comes the crucial part of the test. 接下来是测试的关键部分
Kevin has brought the lions into an enclosure 凯文把狮子们带到笼子里
to allow pride mate Libby to watch Ginny's efforts. 让她的伙伴“莉比”观看“金妮”的努力
The ability to learn by watching others 通过观察来学习的能力
is considered a real sign of intelligence. 被认为是智慧的真正表现
It would put lions in the company of 这将让狮子加入自然界中
the brainboxes of the natural world. 智者的行列
Good. Yeah, you slam that door. 很好 是的 你打到门了
That's it, stay open. Good girl. 就这样 让它开着 好姑娘
- No, there she goes. - She can see what she's doing. -不 她走开了 -她能看到她在做什么
- Yeah. - Yeah, I think she's got it -好的 -我认为她差不多了
and it's time to let Libby out. 是时候让“莉比”出来了
If lions can learn from each other, 如果狮子能学习彼此
Libby should solve the puzzle in seconds. “莉比”应该马上就能解决这个问题
- If not... - Let's see what she does. -如果不能 -我们看看她怎么做
..it's going to take her another 20 minutes. 她就得再花二十分钟
Now she goes to the right side. 她走对方向了
There, I think... I don't think 就这样 我觉得
- you can get any clearer than that. - No, that was very good. -这已经够清楚了 -对 这表现很棒
- That was amazing. - Yeah, here we go, my girl. -太棒了 -这里 小姑娘
Here, here, here, here. 这里 这里
Good job, Libby. 干得漂亮 莉比
It's the very first time anyone has shown 这是有史以来第一次有人展示了
that lions can learn from each other. 狮子具有互相学习的能力
She knows that that's the one there. 她知道要从那里下手
Natalia has tested leopards and tigers. 娜塔莉亚测试过豹和虎
Lions outperform them both. 狮子的表现更胜一筹
It looks like Natalia's right... 看来娜塔莉亚是对的
Now she doesn't even bother. 现在她毫不费力
..Lions are the smartest big cat. 狮是最聪明的大型猫科动物
So the experiments went really well, 实验进行得非常顺利
much better than expected, 远远超过了预期
and it really did show 确实说明了
that lions can learn socially from each other. 狮能够通过社交互相学习
Their intelligence and ability to learn from each other 相互学习的智慧与能力
allows lions to hunt like no other cat. 使狮的捕猎技巧在猫科动物中独树一帜
No cat is easy to study. 猫科动物的研究不易
At least lions are relatively easy to find. 至少狮子的行踪相对容易发现
But most cats are so elusive... 但多数猫科动物都神出鬼没
..secretive... 行踪隐秘
..and well camouflaged... 伪装高明
..that they're rarely seen, let alone studied. 连见到他们都很难 更别提研究了
Learning more about these cats 想要更加了解这些猫
takes people whose dedication knows no bounds. 就需要过人的献身精神
Someone like Dr Andrew Hearn. 需要安德鲁·赫恩博士这样的人
Deep in the forests of Borneo, 婆罗洲丛林深处
a chance encounter set him off on his life's mission. 一次偶然邂逅赋予了他一生的使命
l was part of an expedition team 我当时是探险队的一员
to an uncharted area of Indonesian Borneo. 探索印度尼西亚婆罗洲的一片未标明区域
One morning, I went along a trail 有天早上 我沿着一条小路走
just to go and sit down and relax 然后坐下休息
and see what wildlife I could see. 想看看能遇到哪些野生动物
And I sat there quietly 当我安静地坐在那儿的时候
牛津大学 安德鲁·赫恩博士
and a small little red cat walked out of the side of the forest, 一只小红猫从树林里钻出来
walked across the trail, 穿过小路
paused about 20 metres in front of me. 在我面前20米左右的地方停顿了一下
I grabbed my notebook, started to sketch it, 我拿过笔记本开始为它速写
but I had no idea what it was. 但当时我不知道它是什么动物
It was only when I returned back to the camp later that day, 后来我返回营地的时候
spoke to some of the Indonesian staff 问印度尼西亚的工作人员
and said, "Do you know this... Do you know this cat?" “你们认识这种 认识这种猫吗”
So it was only then that I learned 那时我才知道
that this was this, um, the Borneo bay cat, 这是婆罗洲金猫
and it quickly became apparent 我很快意识到
that nothing was known about this animal. 我们对这种动物一无所知
The bay cat is one of the world's least known cats... 婆罗洲金猫是人类了解最少的猫科动物之一
...and Andrew has devoted every year since 自那时起 安德鲁开始投身于
to finding out anything about them. 对这个物种的研究
But the chance of him seeing another one 但再见到一只的概率
would be like winning the lottery, twice! 相当于中两次彩票了
So how do you study something you can't see? 那么该怎样研究无法见到的动物呢
Camera traps. 镜头捕捉器
Combining a sensitive motion sensor 将敏感的运动传感器
with a high-resolution camera, 与高分辨率相机相结合
Andrew and his team deploy dozens of these through the forest... 安德鲁和他的团队在丛林中布置了几十台
...and spend months trekking through the jungle checking them. 花费几个月在丛林中跋涉 检查状况
Back at base, 回到基地
there are thousands of hours of footage to plough through. 需要仔细筛查几千个小时的影片
Most contain no cats whatsoever... 多数画面中都没有猫
...and, when cats do show up, they may not be a bay cat... 即使出现了猫 也可能不是金猫
but still. 尽管如此
Oh, clouded leopard. Fantastic. 云豹 太棒了
Oh, look at that, having a little yawn, 看啊 伸个懒腰
and you can see how exceptionally long canines these cats have. 你可以看到这种猫的犬齿格外长
In proportion to their skull size, 就与头骨大小的比例来说
they're the largest of any other cat. 他们拥有猫科动物中最大的犬齿
Ooh, so that is a marbled cat. 这是一只纹猫
Now, these guys, I mean, we know nothing about these cats, 我们对这种猫也知之甚少
other than they probably spend 只知道可能他们
much of their time up in the trees. 大多数时间都在树上
So as they walk along, they hold this exceptionally long tail 他们走路的时 会抬起极长的尾巴
almost horizontally 几乎呈水平状
and that probably gives them balance 这为他们在树冠间的穿梭
while moving through the canopy. 提供了平衡
Ah, the leopard cat. 豹猫
So this is really quite rare for us to record this guy. 我们真的很少能拍到这家伙
After scrolling through countless videos, 浏览了无数视频后
Andrew finally filmed a bay cat... 安德鲁终于拍到了一只婆罗洲金猫
...almost. 几乎拍到
So this is the first-ever video of the bay cat in the world. 这是世界上第一段婆罗洲金猫的视频
It's not the finest video, it's not the, er, the most exciting 画面不是最棒的 也不是最让人激动的
but to us that was just spectacular. 但对我们来说 一样很惊奇
We were absolutely blown away when this thing 当我们在镜头捕捉器中看到它时
appeared on the camera traps in front of us. 彻底被震惊了
2007年9月
This is the fruit of 12 years' labour... 这是12年来辛勤努力的成果
...yet to this day only two videos of wild bay cats exist... 直至今日 世上只有两段野生金猫的视频
...Andrew's, 安德鲁的
2016年8月
and this one, more recently captured. 和这一段 最近刚刚拍到的
No wonder we know so little about these cats... 难怪我们对这种猫知之甚少
...and now it's a race against time. 而现在这是一场与时间的赛跑
Borneo has one of the highest rates of deforestation in the world. 婆罗洲是世界上森林退化率最高的地区之一
To protect some space for the bay cat, 为了给金猫保留一些空间
Andrew wants to find out what kind of forest they need. 安德鲁想要知道他们需要哪种森林
He has managed to capture photographs which help shed some light. 他成功拍到了一些对他有所启发的照片
In - what is it? - 12-odd years, 在长达12年的日子里
we've only got something like 60 photos. 我们只拍到了大概60张照片
They're so rare, they're so hard to come by. 他们太稀有了 很难遇到他们
Each photograph of the bay cat is worth its weight in gold. 每张金猫的照片就如黄金一般珍贵
It helps to piece together the ecology 这能帮我们理解
and the conservation needs of these cats. 这种猫的生态及其所需的保护
Much of the forest clearance in Borneo 婆罗洲大多数的森林
is to make space for palm oil plantations. 都被用来种植棕榈油作物
While some cats can survive in these plantations, 有些猫科动物可以在这些作物间存活
bay cats disappear. 而金猫会消失
When the forest changes to palm oil, 当森林被用来种棕榈油作物时
they no longer seem to use those areas, 他们似乎就不会在那里出现了
so this shows us that palm oil 所以这说明棕榈油作物
really is one of the greatest threats to these cats on Borneo. 对这种生活在婆罗洲的猫科动物是巨大威胁
For the bay cat to survive, 要想金猫存活下去
some forest must be protected. 有些森林就必须被保护起来
Andrew's determined to uncover whatever else he can 安德鲁希望能尽可能地解开
about the mysterious bay cat... 金猫的谜团
...even if it takes another 12 years. 哪怕还要再花上12年
Camera traps are revolutionising our understanding 镜头捕捉器让我们对猫科动物家族的了解
of the entire cat family. 有了革命性的改变
Deploying them in the remotest corners of the planet 把他们布置在这个星球最偏远的角落
for months at a time 一次放几个月
allows a unique insight 能够让我们
into the private life of cats. 得以了解猫科动物的私密生活
In China, two cats that wouldn't normally cross paths - 在中国 两种一般不会有交集的猫科动物
a leopard and a snow leopard 一只豹和一只雪豹
- are filmed on the same camera just days apart. 相隔几天分别被同一台捕捉器拍到
In Costa Rica, 在哥斯达黎加
a margay fights an angry possum. 拍到一只虎猫和一只愤怒的负鼠打架
And in the dunes of the Western Sahara... 而在西撒哈拉的沙丘里
...camera traps record the first-ever shots 捕捉器有史以来第一次拍到了
of wild sand cat kittens. 野生沙漠猫的幼崽
One pioneering study 一项开拓性的研究
has taken the use of camera traps to another level. 正把镜头捕捉器的应用推向另一个高度
Mountain lions, also known as cougars or pumas, 山狮 也被称为美洲狮
famed for leading lonely, solitary lives. 以独居而闻名于世
Camera traps are now challenging 镜头捕捉器正试图挑战
what we know about this American icon. 我们对这种美洲生物的认知
She's here. 她在这
It all started with Dr Mark Elbroch's passion 一切都是从马克·艾伯奇博士对这种
for these charismatic cats. 充满魅力的猫科动物的热情开始的
Here she is, running across. Look at the size of the footprint. 她就在这 跑来跑去 看看脚印有多大
I live mountain lions. 我为了美洲狮而活
I track them, I watch videos of them, 我追踪他们 看有关他们的视频
马克·艾伯奇博士 豹属组织
I go to sleep at night and I dream about mountain lions. 我晚上睡觉都做梦梦见美洲狮
This guy's a... he's a loose cannon. 这个小家伙 像一匹脱缰的野马
This is the part where you try not to get bit. 这么做是要防止自己被咬
In the Teton mountains of Wyoming, 在美国怀俄明州的提顿山脉里
Mark and his team want to learn more about mountain lion hunting 马克和他的团队想要更了解美洲狮
and feeding behaviour. 狩猎和哺育的行为
Using GPS collars to track the animals, 他们使用定位项圈来追踪动物们
they identify cat hot spots. 以确定猫科动物活动的热区
Quite a bit, which is good. Yeah. 相当多 这很好
So we should get in there and set some cameras. 所以我们应该到那里装一些捕捉器
Sounds good. 听起来不错
Mark expected an insight into the solitary life of lone cats... 马克期待能洞察独居猫科动物的独处生活
But the more he watched, 但他观察得越多
the more he began to realise something else was going on. 越开始意识到还有其他情况
Here comes a nine-year-old resident female, 现在走过来的是一只九岁的雌性美洲狮
and she comes round and she turns 她走过来 转头
and here comes a six-year-old female. 又来了一只六岁的雌性
She's doing mild hissing and, in the beginning we thought, 她在发出些许嘶嘶声 一开始我们觉得
"Gosh, all that hissing, it's the... the pre-runner to violence, 天呐 那种嘶嘶声 是暴力的前兆
"it's super aggressive." 超级有侵略性
No, hissing seems pretty normal, 并不是 嘶嘶声看上去挺正常的
now that we've seen it over and over and over again. 因为我们已经重复看到这种情况很多次了
So what happened next? 那么 接下来发生了什么呢
They spent two days together and this is what they did. 他们在一起待了两天 这就是他们做的
They shared a meal. 他们一起进食 共享食物
It blew me away. 这震撼到我了
That wasn't his only surprising discovery. 那不是他唯一令人惊讶的发现
It's thought that males are normally aggressive towards females, 雄性之前被认为通常对雌性有侵略性
even capable of killing them, 甚至有杀死他们的能力
but the cameras show that's not true either. 但捕捉器表明 那也不是真的
Every time we've seen a male approach a female, 每一次我们见到一只雄性接近雌性
outside courtship, 除了求偶以外
this is exactly what they do - they slink in. 这正是他们会做的 他们悄悄地靠近
Notice how low he's holding his body to the ground, 注意他把自己的身体贴的离地有多低
his ears are to the side and almost sagging. 他的耳朵晾在一旁 几乎要垂下去了
They minimise their profile, they try to look smaller. 他们有意缩小自己的体型 试图看上去更小
It is completely non-aggressive. 这完全没有侵略性
He clearly just wants to share a meal 他显然只是想共享一顿饭
and you can see, as he comes in, 你可以看到 当他靠近的时候
there's no hissing, there's nothing. 没有嘶嘶声 什么也没有
She just watches and it's the kitten that does all the hissing. 她只是看着 是幼崽在发出嘶嘶声
There they are, 他们就在那里
massive resident adult male feeding on the carcass... 大型的成年雄性美洲狮正在进食一具尸体
Three-month-old kitten 三个月大的幼崽
and mother falling asleep in the background. 和母亲在后面睡觉
Rather than always being aggressive, 雄性在想要分享食物时
males become positively meek when they want to share a meal. 会变得非常温和 而非一直表现得有侵略性
After analysing 13 years of data and thousands of videos, 在分析过13年的数据和上千部的视频后
Mark has discovered these social interactions follow a pattern. 马克发现这些社交互动遵循着一种模式
Mountain lions remember each other 美洲狮们记得对方
and they're much more likely to share their dinner 他们更加愿意同过去对他们
with a cat that has been generous with them in the past. 非常慷慨的美洲狮分享食物
We're beginning to describe a species that 我们渐渐的开始认为
has some sort of social system, 某个物种具有社交体系
that is interacting with a frequency that challenges this idea 而这个物种常常被认为
that they are solitary animals, 是独居动物
and it's just opening our eyes 美洲狮的社交生活
and completely turning everything on its head 让我们大开眼界
on what we thought were the social lives of mountain lions. 并且改变了我们过去对他们的一切认知
Cats never fail to surprise us. 猫科动物永远充满惊喜
Covering 8,000 hectares... 占地八千公顷
and employing 20,000 people... 拥有两万名员工
Secunda CTL is the biggest industrial complex in Africa. 塞昆达煤制油厂是非洲最大的工业综合体
An unlikely place for a cat... 这里按理说不该有猫
But ecologist Daan Loock made an amazing discovery here. 但生态学家达恩·洛克在这有了惊人的发现
It all started with reports of strange creatures 这一切缘起于一些关于奇怪的生物
prowling the site after dark. 天黑以后在这地方出没的报道
There's...there's some eyes there. 那边有几双眼睛
I just can't make out what it is. 只是分辨不出来它是什么
Hopefully, it crosses here 所幸它会穿过这儿
but I don't think so. 但我觉得不会
塞昆达煤制油厂 达恩·洛克
There's a lot of thickets just to our left-hand side. 我们左手边草丛繁茂
I think it will... There it is! 我觉得它会 在那
Just in front of us! There it is! 就在我们前面 在那
Oh, that's very special. 真是特别
The strange creature is a serval. 那奇怪的生物是薮猫
That's something you won't see every day. 你平日里可见不到
You know, these elusive cats are so difficult to see 你知道 这些神出鬼没的猫很难见到
and we're so privileged to see this. 我们能见到真是很荣幸
There it goes. I'm very excited, I must say. 它走了 我必须说我很激动
Having covered the site in camera traps, 在这里布满镜头捕捉器后
to Daan's surprise, these cats were popping up everywhere. 令达恩惊讶的是这些猫四处现身
The average serval population is 10 to 15 animals 薮猫的平均数量是每100平方公里内
per 100 square kilometres. 有10到15只
Our serval population is 76 animals per 100 square kilometres. 这里的数量是每100平方公里内有76只
That's phenomenal. It's very, very high. 这非同凡响 相当多
That's six times more than the most pristine wilderness. 是最原始野生地区的六倍多
Servals are not merely surviving here 薮猫不只是在这里生存
This is the densest population known. 这是已知数量分布最密集的地方
Well, the next step after discovering this population 发现这一数量的下一步
was the need to understand what's so special about this place. 就是需要弄明白这里有什么特别之处
Why are there so many serval here? 这里为什么有这么多薮猫
Servals are found across Africa 薮猫存在于非洲各地
and specialise in hunting rodents and small birds. 擅长捕食啮齿动物和小型鸟类
They have the biggest ears 他们有着猫科动物中
of any cat to help pinpoint their prey. 最大的耳朵 有助于精确定位猎物
And with spring-like legs, they pounce over three metres. 借助弹簧般的腿 他们能猛扑三米远
They're normally found in much lower numbers 通常他们的数量少很多
and need large territories. 领地则大很多
Daan set out to discover why there are so many here. 达恩开始着手研究这里为什么有这么多
A specialist team of vets 一个兽医专家团队
carefully capture and anaesthetise a male. 小心捕捉并麻醉了一只雄性
Ya, I must say it's very nice. You know, 我得说这很好 你知道
we've captured about 30, 30 to 40 animals 我们已经捕捉了30只 30到40只动物
and it's every time very exciting to see them up close. 每次近距离看见他们都让人很激动
It's a unique opportunity to learn as much as possible 这是尽可能多地了解这种极为罕见的猫的
about such a rarely seen cat. 独一无二的机会
What's the weight here, Mike? 有多重 迈克
- 13.88, so he's... - Spot-on. -13.88 他就是 -刚刚好
He's about spot-on, yeah, for a big male. 作为一只雄性大猫他重量刚好
Each serval is fitted with a collar, 每只薮猫都佩戴一个项圈
allowing Daan to track their movements. 这让达恩能追踪他们的活动
It's helping him build up a picture of the cats' lives. 这有助于他了解猫生活的全貌
This map is a map of the total study area 这是一幅整个研究区域的地图
and each of these dots indicates a GPS position 每一个点表示被戴上了项圈的
of some of the serval that's been collared in the past. 某一只薮猫的GPS定位
This just goes to show how many serval are on site. 这就会显示这里有多少只薮猫
Most importantly, Daan's map reveals the servals are concentrated 更重要的是 达恩的地图显示薮猫聚集在
in particular areas around water. 水边的某个特定区域
Ponds and streams used to cool the heavy industry 曾用来冷却重工业的池塘溪流
create the perfect habitat for rodents... 为啮齿动物创造了完美的栖息地
Abundant food for the servals. 对薮猫来说食物丰富
Another reason for their success 他们成功的另一个原因是
is the lack of other big predators here. 这里缺少其他大型食肉动物
You know, normally, the main causes of death of serval 你知道 通常薮猫的主要死因是
would be other predators like lion and hyena, 其他食肉动物 比如狮子和鬣狗
perhaps some leopard also. 可能还有豹
On this site, there is no competition, 在这个地方 没有竞争
they are the apex predators. 他们是顶端食肉动物
As apex predators with no competition, 作为没有竞争的顶端食肉动物
the servals have run riot. 薮猫势不可挡
All across the planet, cats are adapting to urban habitats. 全球范围内猫科动物都在适应城市栖息地
In response, 与之相应的
people often need to learn how to live alongside cats. 人类也经常需要学习如何与猫科动物共生
Mumbai, India... 印度孟买
...one of the world's largest cities, 世界上最大的城市之一
home to over 20 million people. 是近两千万人生活的家园
Mumbai is also home... 孟买同样是
...to the world's highest density of leopards. 世界上密度最高的豹的栖息地
In the dead of night, 夜晚一片死寂时
they creep into the city from the surrounding forests. 它们就从周边的森林中悄悄潜入城市
克里希纳·蒂瓦里 野生动物保护协会
Krishna Tiwari grew up in Mumbai. 克里希纳·蒂瓦里在孟买长大
He's now dedicated his life 现在他致力于
to studying the city's urban leopards. 研究城市中的豹
He saw a leopard the day before yesterday 他前天看到一只豹
and, when the leopard saw him, 当豹看到他时
he just ran away to the other side of the wall. 就逃走到山的另一边去了
The story is the same all across the city. 整个城市中都听得到这种故事
People encounter leopards on a regular basis. 人们经常能遇到豹
She came out at around 8.30 to wash clothes here 她八点半左右出来洗衣服
and, when she put up a torch, 当她点亮火把时
she saw a leopard sitting on the rocks and as soon as, you know, 她看到一只豹坐在石头上
there was light on the leopard, 当光照在豹身上时
he just got up, and she was so afraid that, you know, 豹站起来了 她太害怕了
she came back to the house and called her husband. 于是赶快回家叫她的丈夫
The outcome of these encounters isn't always so peaceful. 这些会面的结局并不总是和平的
After all, the leopards are coming into the city to hunt. 毕竟豹是来城市里打猎的
Livestock are abundant and unprotected. 家畜数量充足且无人看护
Stealth is the leopard's most effective weapon. 悄无声息是豹最有效的武器
Dogs often provide an early warning... 狗通常会提前发出警告
...but drawing attention from a leopard isn't a good idea. 但吸引到豹的注意力并不是一件好事
Dogs are also on the menu. 狗也是捕食的对象之一
And, sadly, it doesn't stop there. 不幸的是，豹的捕食并非到此为止
From 1990 to 2013, 从1990年到2013年
176 people were attacked by leopards in Mumbai. 孟买有176人遭到豹的袭击
In just one month during 2004, ten people were killed. 在2004年的某一个月内就有十人被杀
Something had to be done. 得采取些措施了
Krishna and the authorities took a bold approach. 克里希纳和当地政府采取了大胆的方法
Pioneering an education programme, 开拓了一个教育项目
Krishna wanted to teach people 克里希纳想要教会人们
how to live safely alongside leopards. 如何与豹安全共生
Simple measures like staying in groups at night, 简单的晚上结伴行动生活
locking up livestock and not running from leopards 锁好家畜和别从豹面前逃跑等方法
made a huge difference. 起到了很大的效果
20,000 people have attended the meetings. 有2万人参加了会议
The awareness programme has been a great success 这个警示项目颇有成效
as the last four years have seen no leopard attacks 在过去的四年中均没有豹袭击的报道
and I think it's a good and long-term solution 我觉得在孟买这是一个很好的
to reduce the human-leopard conflicts in Mumbai. 长期减少人豹冲突的方法
Unfortunately, educating the local dogs has proved trickier. 不幸的是教育当地的狗就比较棘手了
They provide a vital early warning but are still being taken. 它们提供了至关重要的早期预警但仍被捕食
Raj has lost three dogs to leopard attacks. 拉杰有三只狗都被豹吃掉了
He then hit on an idea which might help protect his current pet. 然后他想出了一个可以保护他的宠物的方法
He thinks that the dog, 他认为如果这样做
the leopard will think that it is also a leopard... 豹就会认为狗也是一只豹
...even, you know, it's being protected by other dogs, 即使你知道它也受到其他狗的保护
so I think it's a good idea. 所以我觉得这是个好主意
The jury's still out on whether this even works... 大众还在争论这是否有效
...and, anyway, what self-respecting dog 而且哪只有自尊的狗
wants to be dressed up as a cat? 愿意被涂的像只猫一样
He's certainly not convinced. 他肯定不愿意
Krishna's mission to spread tolerance is working... 克里希纳传播宽容的使命正在发挥作用
...and Mumbai's leopard population is thriving... 在孟买 豹的数量正在上升
...but it's a rare example of people accepting their presence 但这只是一个人类接受现状且愿为猫科动物
and making space for cats. 腾出空间的罕见的例子
Elsewhere, it's a very different story. 在其他地方 情况就完全不同了
Nearly half of all wild cats are threatened with extinction. 近一半的野生猫科动物都面临着灭绝的风险
As top predators, they need a lot of food and space... 作为顶级捕食者 它们需要大量食物和空间
And, with an ever-growing human population, 随着人类人口不断增长
competition for that space is rising. 对于空间的竞争变得愈发激烈
In the last 20 years, 在过去20年里
leopards have been wiped out from 40% of their range. 豹的数量减少了40%
Cheetahs have become extinct in 25 countries. 猎豹已经在25个国家灭绝了
Not even lions are spared. 就连狮子都未能逃过一劫
Numbers have fallen by nearly half in two decades. 其数量在过去二十年里 下跌了近一半
The king of beasts could go extinct in the wild. 百兽之王可能从世界上灭绝
The driving passion people feel for cats 人类对猫科动物怀有的强烈热情
is now their greatest hope for survival... 是它们能够生存的最大希冀
Holy mackerel. 好家伙
Especially for the animal 特别是那
that's long been the face of cat conservation. 保护猫科动物的代表性动物了
Dr Krithi Karanth's love of tigers started at a very young age. 科菲·科兰斯博士对老虎的爱始于幼年
I first saw a tiger when I was two years old 我第一次看见老虎时才两岁
with my father and my grandfather in Nagarhole National Park. 跟父亲还有祖父在纳加尔霍雷国家公园
I was amazed and in awe. 我又惊奇又敬畏
There is nothing like seeing a tiger in the wild. 世上没有什么事情比得过见到一头野生老虎了
Years on, and now a world-renowned tiger conservationist, 数年后 她成了享誉世界的老虎保护主义者
Krithi's just as enthralled. 却依然如从前般迷恋老虎
There are no words that can 无法用语言去
really capture the emotion of seeing a tiger. 准确描述见到老虎的那种心情
Every single time I've seen a tiger in the wild, 我每次在野外看见老虎
I've been either left speechless or giggling silly or crying. 我要么无言以对 要么咯咯傻笑或大哭
科菲·科兰斯博士 野生动物保护协会
I mean, it's a range of emotions, but you never forget. 情绪复杂 但你无法忘怀
To me, tigers are truly 对我而言 老虎真的是
one of the most spectacular cats on the planet. 这个星球上最惊人的猫科动物
But like so many of the cats, 但就像很多猫科动物一样
survival of the tiger is on a knife edge. 老虎的生存现状也很是危急
We see images and stories about tigers all the time - 我们总是能见到关于老虎的图片或听到故事
could give us the impression 这让我们以为
that they're not endangered but they absolutely are. 它们并没有濒危 但它们确实濒危了
They're one of the most threatened big cats in the world today. 目前它们是面临生存威胁最大的大型猫科动物之一
Over the last century, 在上个世纪里
95% of wild tigers have vanished. 95%的野生老虎消失了
There are now more tigers in captivity 现在仅是美国牢笼中的老虎数量
in the United States alone than in the wild. 就已超过所有野生老虎的数量
It is impossible for me to imagine a world without wild tigers... 我很难想象一个没有野生老虎的世界
But, if we get complacent, we could see tigers go extinct. 但如果我们掉以轻心 真的会目睹老虎灭绝
Sorry. 抱歉
I couldn't... I couldn't imagine a world without tigers. 我无法 我无法想象世上没有老虎
Krithi's spent her life 科菲一生都在努力
raising awareness and funding to save the tiger. 提高大家保护老虎的意识 和集资救虎
She's set up a project that helps villagers get compensation 她建立了一个帮助有家畜被老虎攻击的村民们
when tigers attack their livestock. 获取赔偿金的项目
It's helping ease some of the conflict with local people. 这帮忙平复了当地人同老虎的一些冲突
Here in India, the greatest challenge 在印度 最大的难题是
is giving tigers the space they so desperately need. 给予老虎它们亟需的空间
One solution is to help villagers 一个解决办法是帮助
who currently live within the national parks to relocate. 现在仍住在国家公园的村民们搬家
Krithi is part of a team that assist those 科菲所在的一个小队 在帮助
who choose to make a new home beyond the park boundaries. 那些决定去公园边界外建新家的人们
Once you move people out, the vegetation comes back, 一旦人们迁走了 植物会重生
the prey numbers rebound and then tiger numbers come back, 猎物的数量回升 老虎的数量也会回升
so ecological recovery takes time 生态恢复需要时间
but I think nature knows how to heal itself. 但我认为大自然知道如何自愈
There's been a lot of time, 虽然消耗了大量的时间
money and effort but the tide may be turning. 金钱和精力 但或许真有转机
After a long time, we're seeing wild tigers come back, 很久之后 我们看到在很多老虎保护区中
populations stabilise and recover in many tiger reserves. 野生老虎回来了 老虎数量正在恢复并稳定
It shows that we can change the future for cats 它表明我们可以改变猫科动物的未来
if there is the will to protect them. 只要我们有意愿保护它们
Maasai warriors now study and conserve 马赛族勇士现在在学习并保护
the lions they once hunted. 他们曾经狩猎的狮子
Huge safe havens are being created for Scottish wildcats, 为苏格兰野猫建立了巨大的安全避难所
the UK's only native cat. 那是英国唯一的本土猫科动物
Scientists brave freezing conditions... 科学家们勇敢地面对严寒
It's working. 有效果
To help the endangered Siberian tiger. 为了帮助濒危的东北虎
And one pioneering project 有一个开拓性的项目
is attempting to rescue a cat from the very edge of extinction. 试图将一种猫科动物从灭绝的边缘拯救回来
Just a century ago, thousands of Iberian lynx 仅在一个世纪前 数千只伊比利亚猞猁
roamed the ancient woodlands of Spain and Portugal. 在西班牙和葡萄牙的古老森林里漫步
A combination of habitat loss, hunting and lack of prey 由于栖息地减少 被捕猎以及缺乏猎物
caused their numbers to collapse. 它们的数量骤减
By 2002, fewer than 100 were left. 到了2002年 只剩不到100只了
The Iberian lynx was declared the rarest cat on the planet. 伊比利亚猞猁已是地球上最稀少的猫科动物
Today, an international team of scientists 如今 一只由科学家和动物保护主义者
and conservationists 组成的国际队伍
are working to bring these cats back from the brink. 在努力将这些猫科动物从悬崖边救回
The team began an intensive breeding programme 该小队开始了一个集中育种项目
on a scale never attempted before. 其规模前所未有
维姬·阿森西欧 西班牙某猞猁育种中心
Vicky Ascensio is a vet dedicated to the project. 维姬·阿森西欧是一名投身于此项目的兽医
She works at the newest of the breeding centres. 她在最新的育种中心工作
Spread across Spain and Portugal, 遍布西班牙和葡萄牙
these multimillion-pound facilities 这些价值百万英镑的设备
are built to meet a lynx's every need... 是按照猞猁的各种需求建造的
to ensure they can produce as many cubs as possible 以确保它们能生出足够多的幼崽
for release back into the wild. 以在未来放归野生
It's also designed so Vicky can keep a close eye 它的设计还方便维姬密切观察
on each and every precious cub. 每一只珍贵的幼崽
In total, we have 116 cameras. 我们一共有116个摄像头
We try to see the animals 24 hours. 我们努力24小时关注这些动物
This hands-off approach is vital 这种不干涉的方式很重要
so the cubs never meet a human. 这样幼崽就不会见到人类了
They are all day very quiet, very calm 它们每天都非常安静 冷静
and they don't see that we are always looking at them. 它们不知道我们总在看着它们
It's very important for us, especially when we have cubs. 这对我们来说很重要 特别是有幼崽时
The Iberian lynx has become a species in intensive care. 伊比利亚猞猁已成为了被特别护理的种类
The breeding centres are just one piece of the jigsaw. 这些育种中心不过是拼图的一部分
The team are also working hard to improve the natural habitat 该小队还在努力改进自然栖息地
so young lynx can be released into ideal conditions. 这样年轻的猞猁可以放归最理想的环境
Today, Vicky is running some crucial health checks. 今天 维姬要做几项重要的健康检查
One-year-old cubs Navio and Noa are scheduled for release. 一岁的幼崽“纳威欧”和“诺阿”计划被放生
We are checking that all the animal is healthy 我们在检查确保所有动物都健康
and also we take some samples 并且我们会取一些样本
to see that he has not 确保他没有患上
any infectious diseases or something like that. 任何传染病或类似疾病
Our goal always is to release the animals. 我们的目标永远是放生这些动物
It's our most important goal. 这是我们最重要的目标
The cubs are ready. 幼崽们已经准备好了
A release is big news around here. 在这里 放生是个大新闻
Crowds gather to catch a glimpse of this iconic Spanish cat. 人们赶来以求看一眼这标志性的西班牙猫
This is a very special moment for me 这对我而言是个特殊的时刻
because it's an animal that was born in the centre 因为这只动物生在育种中心
and now you are giving him the freedom. 而现在你要给他自由
It's very emotional for us. 这对我们来说非常情绪化
Navio and Noa are given their freedom, “纳威欧”和“诺阿”获得了自由
running wild for the first time. 第一次在野外奔跑
This ambitious project has become 这项充满抱负的项目
one of the most successful reintroductions on the planet 是全球最成功的放归之一
nearly 500 cats once again roam these ancient woodlands. 超过500只猫科动物再次在古老森林中漫步
The more we learn about cats, 我们对猫科动物了解的越多
the more they surprise and amaze us. 它们带给我们的惊喜与惊奇就越多
Only by understanding their needs 只有在了解了它们的需求后
can we help safeguard their future. 我们才能帮忙守护它们的未来
There's a lot of work to do but across the globe 有很多事情要做 但纵观全球
people are putting their heart and soul into finding answers 很多人都在全身心地去寻找答案
and making sure the future always has a place... 确保未来一定会有猫科动物的
For the cats... 一席之地
Big... 不管多大
and small. 不管多小