Tiananmen Square, Beijing. That largest public space in the world created on any human scale. 北京天安门广场， 全世界最大的公共空间 有着非同凡想的建筑规模
The monumentual public buildings alone the edges and the vast triller spaces in between 周边是具纪念意义的公共建筑和 中间是非常开阔的、没有树木的广场
speaks of the insignaficance of the individual before the might of state. 在这里，会让人觉得在强大的国家 集权面前一个个体是多么的渺小
The atmosphoere is edging. 这里一片非常敏感的氛围
Even with permit and govenment minders our filming is constantly interrupted. 即使在有政府监视人员在身后 的情况下，摄像也常常被打断
Sodiers, policemen, men in plain clothes all demand our papers. 士兵、警察、便衣警察 不时地检查我们的证件
the authorities here are afraid of cameras. 当局在这里惧怕摄影镜头
They know their power. 他们知道他的力量
They have hundreds them trained in tiananmen square. Their cameras. 他们在广场上却有 数百个他们自己的摄像头
Camerals in other hands are considered dangerous. and with good reason. 摄像镜头在其它情况下 却是被认为是危险的
This place can be a powder can. 这个地点可能会成为火药桶
On the june 1989 在1989年6月的一个晚上
tiananmen square was a warzone. 天安门广场就像一个战场
the pla .its ways to beijing from 4 directions with the order to converge on the square. 30万人民解放军接到命令， 从北京的四个方向突进广场
Un-armed citizens and students faced armed personnel carriers, tanks and sodiers armed with semi-automic weapons. 手无寸铁的平民面对着配备有 机枪、坦克和自动步枪的士兵
by 5:30am on june 4th, 1989. 在1989年6月4日凌晨5点30分
The army's mission has accomplished. 军队的任务完成了
Gradually the dawn came up. 逐渐的黎明降临
In beijing you know how misty it is smuggy... 北京笼罩在雾气之中
It was not the sun rise, this was like a gray ...some sort of light. ...all the students were gone. 这不是日出，这是一层层灰黯的灯光
坦克出现在广场上， 代替了以前出现在那里的学生
And I just stood there and I watched. 我只是站在那里，静静地看
T.D Allman was staying at this Beijing hotel, 阿尔曼站在这里，北京饭店
which has a commanding view of Changan Avenue, the Avenue of Eternal Peace, that runs directly into Tiananmen Square. 这里能够俯瞰这个广场和长安街
On these balconies, Western reporters and photographers had crouched, often under gunfire, 在北京饭店的阳台上，西方摄影师经常 顶着枪声、弯着身子
to record the events of the night of June 3rd/4th. 来报道6月3日晚上和4日的大屠杀
Then, at noon on the 5th, when the army seemed in complete control, 然而等到军队已完全控制广场的5日
something remarkable happened on Changan Avenue, 一个永恒的历史瞬间发生在长安街上
immediately below. 就在北京饭店的底下
The tanks danced! It was obscene. It was like an obscene dance. 坦克在令人讨厌的“跳舞”
They just didn't roll out, they swivelled around. 他们只是在原地打转，没有碾压过来
God knows why they did that. 天才知道为什么他们要那样做
And then the moment came which has intrigued you and fascinated and moved the world. 然后，那一个吸引全世界视线的时刻来临了
You stand there, and you're looking down. This tank's coming out. 我站在那里，看着坦克隆隆的开过来
It's got its gun up. And this man just went out and he said, "Stop!" 那个年轻人只身跑出来对坦克说：停下来！
It's absolutely extraordinary. 这绝对是一个不寻常的时刻
You could look at him as unusually brave, 你可以把他看成是异常的勇敢
but he probably wasn't. He was probably just an ordinary person... 但也许不是，也许他只是一个普通的市民
who was so disgusted at what he had seen for the last few days. 只是由于过去几天的屠杀感到非常难过
And he said, "Right. That's it. I'm going out and I'm just going to stand in front of that column." 他说：对，就那样。 我要站出来，我要去阻挡那队坦克。
The tank did not try to just run him over. 坦克并没有压过去
It turned to go around him. 只是转向别处想绕过他
And then the young man jumped in front of the tank. 然后那个年轻人跳上了那辆坦克
And then the tank turns the other way, and the young man jumps the other side. 坦克再次转向， 年轻人也再次转到坦克前
They did this a couple of times, and then the tank turned off its motors. 经过几次尝试后， 坦克驾驶员关掉了发动机
And then it seemed to me that all the tanks turned off their motors 然后好象所有的坦克都关掉了发动机
because it was really quiet. 因为那一刻非常寂静
Standing in front of a column of tanks, 站在一队坦克面前
no one around him, he was all on his own with his shopping bag in his hand. 没有人在他身边， 只是提着一个购物袋
He climbed on top of the tank, banged on the lid, 他爬上了坦克顶，用袋子去击打坦克顶盖，
said, "Get out of my city! You're not wanted here." （喊道）离开我们的城市， 你们在这里是不受欢迎的人！
We don't know exactly what he said, but it's clear that's what he wanted to say. 我们并不清楚他具体说了些什么， 不过这些话可能是他想要说的
And I started to cry... 我当时看见这个场景后就哭了
because I had seen so much shooting and so many people dying that... 因为我看见太多的枪杀， 太多的平民死伤
I was sure this man would get crushed. 使我确信这个年轻人将会被坦克压死
So I remember thinking, "I can't cry because I can't see. 我记得当时我告诉自己不能哭， 因为那样我就看不见了
I want to watch this." 我想看到这个场景
During this time, I'm thinking, "This guy is going to be killed any moment now. 在那时，我想这人要被压死了
And if he is, I just can't miss this. 如果那样的话， 我不会错过这个摄影的机会
This is something that he's giving his life for. 因为他把他的生命献给了这一刻
It's my responsibility to record it as accurately as possible." 我的职责将是 准确如实地记录下这一场景
And then, after a while, the young man jumps down, 不一会，那个年轻人从坦克上跳了下来
and the tank turned on the motor. 坦克又启动了
The young man blocked him again, and I think, "He's just going to get crushed." 那年轻人再一次去阻挡坦克 我当时想这年轻人要被压死了..
I realized that the public security bureau had been watching us from the other rooftop by binoculars. 于是我回到屋里，从摄像机把胶卷取出， 重新放回到塑料胶卷盒里
So I went in and took the film out of the camera and reloaded it into the plastic film can, and went into the toilet, took off the top of the toilet... 然后跑到厕所里，打开马桶水箱， 把胶卷放进水箱里
and put it in the holding tank, put the toilet top back on. 再盖好水箱盖子
And shortly after that, probably 10, 15 minutes afterwards, the public security bureau broke through the door. 不久，大约10到15分钟， 国家安全局的人破门而入
They got one other roll of film from the shots that I'd taken from the night before, 他们找到了我昨晚拍摄的一卷胶卷
and they were pretty satisfied they'd cleaned up the situation. 他们对能及时“清理”现场感到满意
About a day-and-a-half later, 大约一天半以后
I worked my way back in through the back streets to the Beijing Hotel, 我从后面的小道溜回了北京饭店
and luckily, nobody had flushed the toilet. 幸运的是，没有人清洗过厕所
So one of the most famous photographs of the 20th century was floating in the top of a lav. 这张20世纪最著名的照片之一 还浮在马桶水箱里
Floating in the top of the toilet, and possibly could have been literally flushed, yeah. 就这么浮在水箱里，差点就被冲掉了。
Images of that extraordinary confrontation became icons of freedom. 这一张勇于对抗坦克的照片 成了自由的象征
They have been reproduced on T-shirts and posters ever since. 照片从此被广泛的印制于示威者的 T恤衫和海报上
President Bush commended his courage, and leaders the world over hailed him 布什总统赞扬了他的勇气， 全世界的领袖被他的精神所感动
He became an inspiration to millions, and he changed lives forever. 他从此成为 激励并改变数百万人精神的象征
For all my years conducting investigations into human rights abuses, 在我多年调查中国侵犯人权的过程中
I never forgot this young man who stand in front of tanks. 我从未忘记这个站在坦克前的青年
It's not only me that never forgot, the world did not forget him. 并不只是我一个人没有忘记他， 全世界都没有忘记他
I spent, you know, years in the labor camp. 我在劳改营中度过了数年的时光
I confronted the regime also in the labor camp. 我在劳改营中面对的是强权
That image actually played a key role to me. 但是那年轻人的身影 对我能坚定的走过来起到了关键作用
He wanted to change China, but what he did was help to change the Soviet Union. 那个年轻人想改变中国， 但他的所作所为却改变了苏联和东欧
I went to a number of countries in Eastern Europe before the Berlin wall came down. 在柏林墙倒塌前 我曾去过东欧的几个城市
And I was complimenting their courage, 我赞扬了东欧人民的勇气
and they said, "If that kid in China stood in front of those tanks, we can do what we're doing." 他们却说：如果那个中国小伙子能站在 坦克面前，我们现在做的又能算什么？
What this young man did was, in effect, change the world. 这年轻人的举动，实际上改变了世界
Within minutes of his incredible act of defiance, 在他只身挡坦克发生的几分钟内
Tank Man was hustled away, by whom we do not know, 年轻人被不明身份的人所推走
and vanished. And still, we have no idea of his fate or who he was. 然后就消失了，直到今天， 我们仍然不知道他的姓名和他的命运
But to some, it appears he was not a student, more likely an ordinary working man. 但是从相貌和衣着来看，他并不像学生 更可能是一个普通的工人
He didn't look at all like a student. He looked like someone on his way to work or who'd just knocked off and was on his way home, doing the shopping on the way home. 像一个在上班路上，或是被堵在此处， 或是在回家途中刚购物路过的工人
In a sense, he stood for the ordinary people. 在某种意义上，他代表的是普通民众
The protests that climaxed with the Tank Man's lonely act of defiance had begun five weeks earlier with a mass student demonstration, 以年轻人只身挡坦克为高潮的 这场学生民主运动开始于5个星期以前
and in most Western media, continued to be treated as a student phenomenon. 对于大多数西方媒体来说， 他们仍把他当成是普通的学潮
But there's much more to this story. 但是这远没有那么简单
The students had touched a nerve, 学生们现在触动了敏感的神经
and soon everyone seemed to be out there protesting against hardship, government corruption and 40 years of repression. 不久似乎每个人站出来抗议腐败 和40年的独裁统治
In Tiananmen Square and on the streets of Beijing, 在天安门广场和北京的街道
in cities right across China, 在广阔的中国的土地上
there were tens of millions of Tank Men. 将有无数的站在坦克前的英雄
Whole swathes of the country were in open revolt. 整个国家在公开的反抗之中
In Beijing, one in ten of the population was joining in, 在北京，有十分之一的人参加了 这场民主运动
and that includes all the old people, all the little children. 包括所有的老人，所有的小孩
So it was massive. 规模是庞大的
There were people in heavy earth-moving equipment. Honey bucket collectors and a tank truck came in. 人们乘坐着笨重的运泥车、 桶车、罐车进来了
There were pilots. There were hotel workers. 还有飞行员和酒店员工
It was just a carnival of protest. 这简直像一个示威游行的盛典
All the groups were out there with their own banners, 所有阶层的人都出来了 举着他们自己的标语
saying, "We are the Beijing journalists. We demand press freedom. 写着：我们是北京的记者， 我们要更多的新闻自由
We demand the right to tell the truth." “我们需要告诉人民真相”
You had doctors and nurses and scientists and army people demonstrating. 示威的人群中有医生、护士、 科学家、军人
The Chinese navy was demonstrating. 中国的海军官兵在示威
And I thought, this is extraordinary because who's left? 我想：这太神奇了， 现在北京市还有谁没有来示威？
It's just the top leaders who aren't out there. 可能只有最高领导人没有来示威了
People thought that the old regime was somehow about to fall. 人们认为这个旧政权 说不定要垮台了
And indeed, it was hard to imagine how it could be otherwise at that moment. 在当时人们已难以预测到有其他结果的了
For the very first time, press and television were reporting freely and truthfully. 第一次，中国的媒体被允许 公开的客观的报道这次的民主运动
The virus of freedom quickly spread. 自由的“传染病”在迅速的传播.
You could feel something uncontrollable building. 你可以感到政府已经无法控制局面了
And of course, from there it moved outward across the country. 当然，全国都已经是如此了
Uprisings occurred all over China, 这次运动席卷全国
in at least 400 cities we know this from the Chinese press and from their own military museum 我们从中国的媒体得知至少有 400个城市在其中
all the way from Mongolia in the northwest down to the southeast near Hong Kong. 民主风潮从最北边的蒙古蔓延到 最南边的香港
And from these cities, hundreds of thousands of supporters converged on the capital. 从这些城市， 数以千计的示威者聚集到北京
The students had started the protest, hoping to cleanse the party of graft and corruption and encourage free speech. 学生的示威的主要目的是想 清除腐败和鼓励言论自由
They sought reform, not revolution. 他们在寻求改革而并非革命
After all, they were, by and large, the children of the elite. 毕竟他们中的大多数 都是同龄人中的精英
But as their movement spread outwards to the middle classes and then to the workers and peasants, 但是当运动传播到 中产阶级、工人和农民时
attitudes hardened. 政府的态度改变了
The move from student uprising, if you will, to a worker uprising is what really scared the Chinese government. 运动从学生转到工人， 是十分令中国政府害怕的事情
They felt that they could deal with the students. After all, students had been involved in uprisings for many, many years. 他们认为学生运动还好处理， 因为中国近代有很多次学潮
But where it became dangerous to the stability and to the survival of the Communist Party was when ordinary workers became involved. 但是当工人开始参与其中时， 政府认为这对共产党是极大的挑战
After all, the Chinese Communist Party had originally used the workers' movement to gain power for itself. 起初，共产党是利用工人运动夺取政权的
Now those in government were terrified that we'd take it back from them. 而现在政府怕这一手段会反过来 会用于对付共产党自己
In fact, the government was paralyzed by infighting between those who advocated peaceful negotiation and hard-liners who demanded a crackdown. 事实上，主张和平谈判的改革派 和主张武力解决的保守派之间的争论 使政府陷于瘫痪
On May the 19th, Zhou Ziyang, the reformist general secretary of the Communist Party, 在5月19日，中共改革派总书记赵紫阳 突然出现在天安门广场
suddenly appeared in Tiananmen Square to appeal for compromise. 像是来向学生做让步的
It would be his last public appearance. 这也许是他最后一次公开露面了
That night, before an audience of party faithful, 当晚，在一群忠实的党徒面前
hard-line Premier Li Peng showed the way forward. 强硬派总理李鹏采取了更激烈的行动
"We must end the situation immediately. Otherwise, the future of the People's Republic will be in grave danger." “我们必须尽快采取行动， 否则中华人民共和国的前途 将受到严重的威胁。”
He completed his address with a declaration of martial law. 他以宣布“北京市戒严” 来结束了他的讲话
Troops would occupy the city and put an end to the protests in Tiananmen Square. 军队将要占领首都并结束民主运动
Never before in the 40-year history of communist rule had China put its citizens and its army in this situation. 在49年后的中国，这还是共产党 首次把民众和军队置于这种状况之下
It was a massive display of force, 300,000 troops by most counts, 这是一次大规模的武力展示， 最多估计有30万军队，
countless tanks, APCs, the lot, all converging on the city from every quarter. 数不尽的坦克和装甲运兵车，等等， 从城市的四面八方涌入
Beijing's response came as a complete surprise... 北京市民的反应是绝对的震惊
both to the army and to the government. 既是对军队也是对政府
The people just flooded out and physically, with their sheer numbers, simply blocked the road. 民众只是大量的涌出来， 用人群来阻挡道路
Flood tactics. You know, flooding them with people, so they couldn't move. 人海战术, 民众用人海战术使军队动弹不得
The army at that point, wasn't willing to run over people and shoot people to their credit. 在那时军队并不打算碾压民众和开枪， 因为这样会损坏他们的名声
The scene that greeted my eyes was just unbelievable. 映入我眼帘的场景令人难以置信的
I could see for about a mile in the distance endless serried ranks of transport trucks completely surrounded by tens of thousands of people. 我看到了数公里长的运兵卡车 被数以千计的市民围得严严实实的
Young women, middle-aged housewives, elderly retired workers said 年轻妇女、中年家庭主妇、退休工人 对军人说：
"You're not coming in. Sorry, this is our city. There's no chaos. Leave us alone." 你们不应该来这里，这是我们的城市， 这里没有动乱，让我们待在这里。
So there are three or four major military convoys in the suburbs of Beijing that can't go forward to Tiananmen Square. 有三、四支主力军队护送队被阻挡在 北京郊区而无法向天安门广场前进
They also can't withdraw. 他们也不能后退
They had them fixed there and imposed on them a 24, 48-hour street seminar to explain to them 市民们阻挡着军队并用24、48小时的 路边演说的方法告诉他们
why they shouldn't be doing what they're doing. 为什么他们不能再继续前进了
And I witnessed a mother with an infant talk face to face with the soldiers in the truck, 我看见一个怀孕的妈妈面对面的 和一名卡车里的军人讲话
telling him it was a very peaceful city and that what we did was to just ask for more freedom for the people. 告诉他们北京现在很和平， 我们所做的是要更多的自由
So you had these wonderfully sort of touching moments of the people appealing to the army to join them, 北京市民劝说军人加入市民一边 的场景确实很令人感动
and feeding them and giving them water, and saying you know, "Could be your son, could be your daughter." 给他们送水，把军队当成是 自己的儿子，自己的女儿
The citizens were also quite clever. They brought their children and asked them to say to the soldiers, "How are you, Uncle Soldier?" 市民们很聪明，他们把自己的孩子 送到军人面前，让自己的孩子叫： “叔叔，你好么？”
The soldiers were touched and they said, "We won't kill our people." 士兵们很感动，告诉市民们： 军队不会向自己人开枪
And these sort of doe-eyed, puzzled soldiers, who were mostly country people, 这些眼神看起来天真无邪的士兵 大多来自农村
weren't experienced with big city life, wondering what was going on here 大多数没有经过城市生活， 他们奇怪的看着市民， 不知道这里发生了什么事
and not wanting to hurt anybody. 他们也不打算伤害任何人
Four days after the attempted entry, the army withdrew to bases outside the city. 经过了长达4天的进入市区的尝试之后， 军队开始撤出城市并返回基地
Beijing was euphoric. 北京市民沉浸在兴奋之中
So that ended very well and was a great triumph. 这是一个重大的胜利
But it also was an enormous humiliation for the leadership. 但是也是对保守派的极大的羞辱
They had been thwarted and they had lost face, 他们被看低了，丢了脸面了
and they weren't going to let it happen again. 所以他们再也不会允许这种事情的发生
The party elders feared that the whole edifice of communism was going to collapse, like it was collapsing in the Soviet Union and in other parts of Eastern Europe. 中共高层担心他们会像苏联和东欧 其他社会主义国家那样被瓦解掉
They needed to make a stand and a bloody stand to show their population, in effect, to cow their population back into submission. 他们需要一种强硬的姿态，不惜 流血的姿态来向民众表明他们的力量， 迫使民众就范
Over the next 10 days, Supreme Leader Deng Xiaoping hatched a new plan. 在接下来的十天里，最高领导人 邓小平制订出了一个新的计划
Troops armed with semi-automatic weapons and backed by tanks were drawn from military districts across China. 装备着自动武器和坦克的部队 从其他军区驻地横跨中国调动过来了
On the night of June 3rd, 在六月三日晚
a huge invasion force, coming in, again, from all directions but mostly from the west, 大批全副武装的部队从各方突入市区， 但最主要是从西面
this time with live ammunition, 这次军队是荷枪实弹
this time strict orders: the square must be cleared by dawn on June 4th. 这次军队接到了铁的命令：必须在 6月4日收复广场。
The instructions to the troops said, "We don't want bloodshed. Avoid bloodshed." 上级对军队的命令是： 我们不想流血，要避免流血
But the other instruction to the troops, which was iron-clad, was, "The square has to be cleared by 6:00 AM." 但是另一条，也是铁令，军队务必在 6月4日早上6点以前收复广场
No bloodshed on the one hand, have to clear the square on the other. 一方面要避免流血， 另一方面又要准时收复广场
"Here's your tanks. Here's your ammunition." And so I think the soldiers were caught in a dilemma. 给你提供坦克，给你提供子弹， 我想军队很可能陷入了两难境地
To block the army's advance, the citizens barricaded all the main road bridges and intersections... 为了阻挡军队进入北京市区， 市民们在所有路桥和路口设置了路障
with buses, trucks, heavy earth-moving equipment, anything they could lay their hands on. 公交车、卡车、笨重的运泥车 只要能搞到的都用上了
Muxidi bridge. 木樨地立交桥
In 1989, all traffic entering the city from the west had to cross here. 在1989年，此地是所有西边入京车辆的必经之地
The nearby exit ramp didn't exist, 附近并没有其他出口
but the apartments were here, homes to senior government bureaucrats, 但是这些属于高级政府官员的 高层住宅当时却已经有了
who would have a ringside view of a massacre that began in the early evening of June the 3rd... 他们得以近距离目睹了 6月3日黄昏开始的大屠杀
as the crowds manning the barricade on Muxidi bridge hurled rocks and abuse at the advancing army. 民众此时在木樨地上架起路障， 向军队投掷石块， 并开始咒骂前进的军队
Armored personnel carriers came and they began to ram the buses. 这时装甲运兵车开了过来， 开始冲击公交车（路障）
Somebody threw some type of gasoline-soaked rug into the buses, and the buses illuminated with fire. 有些人向公交车投掷吸足汽油的布块， 于是公交车被火焰所吞噬
Then, sometime after 9:30, 大概9点过后
you had more soldiers out there and live fire began. 更多的军人开始向平民射击
The first rounds of fire catch everybody by surprise. 第一轮的射击令所有人感到意外
The people in the streets don't expect this to happen. 大街上的民众并未预料到军队会开枪
They shot, you know, 人们震惊了
randomly towards all sorts of directions. 四散逃去
Two people, one meter in front of me, were shot down. 在我前面，就1米距离， 有2个人中弹倒地
Angry citizens were everywhere. 到处都是愤怒的市民
People just couldn't understand why this country and its army, the People's Army, would slaughter its own people, the Beijing citizens. 人们不明白为什么： 人民的军队会屠杀北京的老百姓？
People still pour into the streets. 市民继续涌上大街
This is the amazing thing. 十分震惊
People were just so angry, so furious at what was happening in their city that they were not going to step back and let the army do what it was doing. 市民们对军队的暴行感到极为愤怒， 他们不愿退缩，让军队继续为所欲为
A young friend standing next to me shouted, "Overthrow fascism!" 一个在我身边的年轻人对着军队高喊： 打倒法西斯！
Then the soldiers started shooting at us. We immediately threw ourselves to the ground. 于是军队开始向我们射击， 我们赶快趴到地上躲避子弹
The group of people I was with, they were Chinese people, began to run. 和我在一起的一群中国人开始逃跑
I basically hit the dirt and snuggled up against the curb... 我本能的卧倒在地， 贴着路边的人行道
while the shooting was happening. 这时枪声响了
I could see people behind me falling. 我清楚地看见在我身后的人中弹倒下
Troops began to fire in all different directions. 军队开始朝着各个方向任意的扫射，
Many people children, women, ordinary people were shot standing on their balconies, looking down at this spectacle. 许多人，包括妇女、儿童由于 当时在阳台上向下俯视而中弹身亡
They just raked the buildings with their gunfire and they were shooting people. 他们只是任意的扫射
People were being killed on you know, in their own kitchens. 人们被枪击倒在自己的厨房里
Everybody was frightened by this overwhelming use of force. 所有的人被这种恐怖的镇压所震惊
What was amazing was that the army used battlefield weapons. 更令人感到震惊的是 军队使用了正规作战的武器
These bullets are the size of a man's thumb, and they're encased with this copper sort of soft outer coating that, 子弹有一个拇指那么大， 包裹着铜质的软外壳 (鹰爪弹)
when it's fired, it unfurls and twists. 子弹射中后能够在体内膨胀、打转
They're like dum-dums, I guess. 我猜他们可能是使用了达姆弹 （国际公约禁用的）
They twist, so when they go through the victim, they tear up the victim inside. 这种子弹一旦打入受害者体内 会从内部把人肌体撕裂开
It's the kind of ammunition an army wants in the field because it creates much damage and incapacitates the other side because of the medical burden of dealing... 用于战场，它具有更大的杀伤力 并能加重敌方治疗的负担，
with this kind of casualty. It's not the sort of thing that should be used in an urban setting. 这样的武器，是不能用于城镇警备的
Right in front us, this tall young man, about 20 years old, suddenly fell down. 突然在我的面前，有一个大约20岁的 高个子年轻人突然倒地
He'd been shot in the chest. Blood was pouring out. 他被击中胸部，血液喷涌而出
We were absolutely shocked. We didn't know how to stop the bleeding. 我们惊呆了，不知道如何止血
Someone found a bicycle to carry him to the hospital. 有人用自行车把他送进了医院
You had doctors outside involved in mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, 医生们也参与进来，用嘴对嘴的 方法为伤员进行人工呼吸
with red faces from you know, stained from blood. 结果医生的脸也被染成了红色
We saw more than 30 bodies lying on the ground in front of the hospital. 我们在医院前面的空地上看到了 超过30具的尸体
All the doctors were in a state of shock, completely lost. 所有的医生都感到震惊， 个个惊慌失措
I visited three hospitals very close to the Muxidi area, 我们走访了几个非常靠近木樨地的医院
and we were in total shock because of the large numbers of people, 大量的伤员令我们震惊
wounded, being brought to these facilities, mostly being brought on bicycle-pulled carts. 他们中的大多数都是中弹后 用自行车运到医院的
And all around us, we could hear gunfire. 直到这时我们仍能听到外边枪声大作
We went into the hospital through the back entrance, where the staff goes. 我们通过职工使用的后门进入医院
There was a smell. 那里有一股难闻的气味
My friend said, "Do you smell that?" And I said, "I smell something sweet." 我朋友问我：你问到什么了么？ 我说，我闻到了一些甜味
And she said, "That's death. That's what you're smelling." “那就是死人的气味”，朋友答道
People started to scream at us, "拍电视！拍电视！“ "Take pictures! Take video! 人们开始向我喊：拍电视！拍电视！
Tell the world what's going on. They're killing innocent people." 告诉全世界他们在屠杀无辜平民
Changan Avenue cuts right across the city and was the main route of the army's advance from the east and the west. 长安街贯通整个北京市，也自然成为军队从西向东推进的主要通道
On the night of June 3rd, it was barricaded and defended at every major intersection. 在6月3日晚上，长安街的每个主要路口都有路障
From Muxidi, all along Changan Avenue, it was like a war zone. 当晚，从木樨地向西的整个长安街就像一个战场
The debris of battle, the smoke, was everywhere. 碎片满地，到处都是浓烟
Every time a blockade was knocked down going east from Muxidi, another one would be set up at the next major intersection. 每当一个路口的抵抗被军队肃清， 市民们还会在下一个路口重新设置路障
So the army had to plow its way through a series of blockades. 于是军队不得不穿过一系列的障碍物
Sometimes it's breaking through buses and trucks that have been strewn across the street. 有时是穿过被布置在路上阻挡军车的车辆
In other cases, it's breaking though human barriers, and they have to be shot. 但当军队穿过有人群组成的“障碍物”时， 就不可避免的有人中弹了
Basically, it was a one-sided pitched battle 基本上，这是一场力量悬殊的战斗
All the way from the western suburbs until they finally, several hours later, about 1:30 AM, began to arrive at Tiananmen Square, 从一开始到最后军队进入天安门广场， 大约是凌晨1点30分
which was ground zero This was the crunch time. 这是个艰难的时刻
We knew that the troops had orders to clear the square by dawn. 我们知道军队有命令必须在 黎明之前收复广场
That was the deadline. 那是最迟的期限
We heard this roar of male yelling and saw on the steps of the Museum of Revolutionary History and then across the way, on the steps of the Great Hall of the People, 我听到了军队的呼喊声， 看见从历史博物馆的台阶上 到人民大会堂的台阶上
thousands of solders, just saw the glint of their weaponry. 有几千名军人， 他们的武器和头盔在夜色中闪闪发光
And it was clear to everyone from that point on that we were absolutely trapped. You had the military coming in from the west with their tanks. 在这种情况下， 我们看来是被完全包围了
We knew there were tanks coming in from the south of Tiananmen Gate. 我知道在我的西边和南边都有 装甲师在向我们逼近
And now on both sides of the square, you had hundreds, if not thousands of soldiers. 在广场的各个方向上， 都有无数荷枪实弹的军人
And then the firing started. 这时，军队又向人群开枪
Even at this late stage, many couldn't believe the army was using live ammunition, and they stood their ground. 即使到了这个时候，很多人仍然 不敢相信军队会用真枪真弹
And you'd just hear this thunderous sound of gunfire. All the gunfire kept going. 在那时你会听到密集的枪声， 所有的枪都在开火
You could see tracer bullets in the sky. There was a battle going on, and there were only civilians. 你可以看到子弹的弹道划过天空， 就像在战场上一样， 可是广场上只有手无寸铁的平民
And they were the targets 而这些平民却成为军队射击的目标
One man was shot down. Someone ran up and dragged that man. 一旦有人被射倒， 就会有其他人来把这个人拖走
I didn't. I just kept running. 我没有，我只是跑
On my left side, someone was hit in the neck. Everyone was running. 在奔跑的人群中，有人就被射中膝盖
There was a lot of shooting. A lot of young people were running towards the military, being shot or falling and then running away. 这时有很多人被射中，一些朝着军队走过去的人被射中后，不得不逃跑
People were running to the square and they were running from the square. 有的人跑向广场，有的人却跑出广场
And people were racing into the square and bikes racing out of the square and bikes the ambulances started to go in. 市民跑离广场同时，救护车开进广场
There was a lot of smoke. The lights were on in the square. And there was this continual announcement of, "Under the martial law regulations, no one should be on the street. 在我的头顶上，广播喇叭里不断传出： “根据戒严令，任何人不得待在街上。
If you stay on the street, you will be responsible for what happens to you," 如果执意要待在街上， 所有后果将由你们自负。”
this sort of continual bass beat, sort of of that evening was that these announcements. 整个晚上，都是这一类的宣传
About 4:15 in the morning, 大约是凌晨4点15分左右
suddenly, all the lights in The Square went out pitch dark. 突然的，广场上所有的灯都熄灭了
This was very frightening. 广场一片漆黑，非常恐怖
And then I heard these horrible crushing sounds, like when tanks run over things crushing, splinter sounds. 就在这时， 我听到了恐怖的压东西的声音， 就像坦克在压东西的声音
After about 10 minutes, the lights came on again, 十分钟之后，广场上的灯又亮了
but not the normal lights of the Square. They stayed off. Instead, they put on the special display lights that lit up the Great Hall of the People. 但是这个时候，并不是所有的灯都亮着， 只有一部分灯被重新打开， 尤其是人民大会堂周围的灯全部开着
It was like this Goetterdaemmerung effect of this vast, cavernous Great Hall of the People lit up by floodlights and smoke rising all around. 这种效果就像神界的黄昏一样， 那些巨大的洞穴式的人民大会堂 在灯光照射之下，周围都是飘起的大量烟雾
And at that point, we could see just a river of troops flowing out of the Great Hall of the People onto the steps and deploying in front of the Monument to the People's Heroes. 这时你会看到一队队的军人从人民大会堂 涌出来，并被部署到人民英雄纪念碑前
The students had made their last stand at the monument. 学生们此时仍坚守着广场
They had witnessed the shooting and killing as the army swept through the square towards them, and many expected the same treatment themselves. 学生们已经目睹了很多军队的暴行， 他们预计自己也会遭到同样的结果
But they were wrong. The soldiers held their fire, 但是他们错了，军队并没有开枪
and the students were offered amnesty if they vacated the square at once. 军队向学生领袖提出，只要学生立刻 撤出广场，军队可以向学生提供大赦
"Should we stay or should we go" was put to a voice vote among the students there. 学生们用声音来投票决定是撤还是留
It was clear to me that the stay votes were much, much, much stronger. 在我看来， 当时决定留下来的人占绝大多数
But Feng Congde, who was a student leader at the time, said "The go's have it." 但是当时的学生领袖封从德 决定学生应该撤走
From my point of view, the important thing was to avoid more injury and death, 在我看来，避免流血是当时的头等目标
so I made the decision to lead the students out of the square 于是我做出了学生撤出广场的决定
3,000 to 5,000 students and citizens left the square by the southeast corner. 3000至5000名学生和市民从广场的东南角 和平的撤出
All the students held hands and started singing The Internationale 所有的学生都手拉手，唱着国际歌
and soothed each other with the belief that one day, we would be back. 大家都相信有一天，我们会回来的
I'll never forget those faces, the young people's faces. 我永远忘不掉那些 走出广场的年轻人的面孔
They were walking out with their heads held high. 他们是高抬着头走出广场的
They'd finessed their retreat from the square so well. They'd performed so bravely. 他们非常有秩序地撤出广场， 他们表现得非常英勇
And finally, they'd they'd made the right decision. 事后证明他们的决定是正确的
There would have been no point staying there. Everyone would have been killed. 如果他们拒绝撤出， 所有的人都会被杀死
Reports in the week after June 4th stated that troops had assaulted the monument and massacred all the students on the monument. “军队杀害了数千学生并血洗广场”
Thousands of students had been shot down in cold blood.That didn't happen. And had it happened, I wouldn't be here today. Simple as that. 其实事实并不是那样的， 如果是那样的话， 我今天就不会坐在这里了
The theater of the massacre was, by and large, elsewhere. It was the rest of the city, and that was where the Beijing citizens fought and died. 其实真正的屠杀是在北京市的其他地区 那里有成百上千的市民死亡
Later that morning, amazing things started to happen. 早上以后，令人奇怪的事发生了
People, astonishingly, started trying holding hands, walking up the avenue, trying to re-enter the square 人们手牵着手， 沿着长安街准备重新进入广场
in the face of these tanks. 但是在他们面前的却是数不清的坦克
These people were frantic. They were nuts, out of their minds. 这群人悲愤的样子，象疯了般
And the reason they were out of their minds is that these were the parents of students who had been in the square that night. 原来他们当中的很多人是昨天晚上 在广场上的学生的父母
These parents were running back and forth, and they were saying, "We want to go in the square. We're looking for our children." 这些父母跑来跑去，说： 我们要进入广场，我们要找到我们的孩子
Then an officer came out with a loud-hailer, and he said, "I'm going to count to five, 然后一个拿着喇叭的军官走出来说： 我数5下，
and then we're going to fire." 5下之后我们就要开火
Then all the people realized that the guns were pointed at them, and they'd go running past the hotel. 这时所有的人都意识到军队的枪口在冲着 他们，于是人们开始逃散
And then the soldiers would fire in their backs. 这时军队在逃散的人群后面开枪
I felt like I was watching some terrible opera. 当时我感到我是在看一场恐怖的表演
And a lot of people went down 30, 40, 50 people are knocked down. 大约有30到50人倒下
Everybody else ran away. 其他的人在疯狂的逃窜
I'm lying in the grass, thinking this is the worst thing ever. This is hell. 我当时躲在草丛里，这简直是我一生中 最糟糕的时刻，这简直是在地狱
But the odd thing was that after a little while, like, 40 minutes, an hour, 但是更令人奇怪的是大约40分钟后
people would gather their nerve again and crawl back to the corner and start screaming at the soldiers. 人们又鼓起勇气爬向广场的角落 对着军队怒喊
And then the commander would eventually give another signal and the soldiers would raise their rifles again. 这时指挥官又发出了命令， 军队又举起了枪口
And the people would go, "Oh, my God!" And they'd run away, and they'd shoot more in the backs. 人们又开始疯狂的逃跑， 军队再次从后面向人群开枪
And this went on more than half a dozen times in the day. It was to me unbelievable. 这种情况在一天中持续了好几次
There then suddenly appeared right there an ambulance, 突然长安街上出现了一辆救护车
and they rush in amongst all the people who were on the ground. 他冲向了人们中枪倒地的地方
And the soldiers open fire again and mow them down. 这时军队又向救护车射击
The soldiers shot everybody, doctors, nurses, rescuers. 军队向任何人射击， 医生、护士、救助伤员的市民
Everybody was being shot at. 任何人都是军队射击的目标
This was seen by numbers of journalists, who will never forget it. 看到这些情景的西方记者都会永生难忘
This was this was a real massacre. This was the targeting and the shooting down of totally non-violent innocent civilians. 这绝对是大屠杀， 军队在对着和平的市民扫射
The tactics of overwhelming force that were used had a point. They were meant to shock, terrify and awe. 军队的策略就是广泛的 使用武力来恐吓平民
And they did. Terror works. 他们成功了， 暴力的气氛暂时恐吓了民众
No one knows for certain how many people died. 没人知道具体有多少人死亡
The Chinese Red Cross initially reported 2,600 中国红十字会开始宣称有2600人死亡
and immediately retracted under intense government pressure 但随后在政府强大的压力下改口
The official government figure is 241 dead, including 23 officers and soldiers, and 7,000 wounded. 政府的宣传是241人死亡，7000人受伤， 包括23名军官和士兵
All we can be sure of is that by the third day, June the 5th, the army was in complete control. 但是我们可以肯定的一点是到 1989年6月5日，军队已完全控制了北京
Beijing seemed utterly vanquished 北京完全被征服了
until an unknown young man made his astounding gesture of defiance. 直到一个没有姓名的年轻人 做出了惊人的举动
The symbolism of what he did was overwhelmingly clear. 他的举动含义是很明显的
He spoke for the Beijing people. 他代表着北京普通市民
Before June 4th, you had millions of people, all over China in the cities, up in the streets, 在6月4日之前， 全中国有数以百万的人们走上街头
peacefully demanding more rights, freedom, democracy, press freedom, end to corruption. 和平的要求更多的新闻自由， 政治民主和结束腐败
After June 4th, what did you have? You had one man, one sacrificial figure almost, who took it on himself to speak for everyone else, who had been silenced by that time. 而在六四之后，只有一个勇于献身的年轻 人站出来承担起为那些已经沉默了的 普通人说话的职责
But what happened to that young man? 但是究竟这个年轻人的命运如何
The only clue comes in the last few seconds, when he was hustled away by four men. 他留给世人的最后一个镜头 就是被四个人推开
Their identity is key, but those who witnessed that moment had very different impressions. 这几个人的身份是关键，但是目 睹这一场景的人却有不同的说法
We don't know who those people were. 我不知道那些人是谁
And you know, maybe they saved him. Things like that happened all over Beijing in those days. 也许是几个市民救了他， 这种事情在那几天的北京很常见
People were wounded, people would pick them up and take them to the streets.People would take people into their homes. 有人受伤，就会有人把伤者扶起来带回家
I feel very strongly that it was Public Security Bureau people that got him. 我确信是国家安全局的人带走了他
They were on the rooftops with binoculars and walkie-talkies, and they were controlling the outer areas of the square, 安全局的人员在长安街的高处用望远镜 广观察着下面，他们控制着广场的一切
as you would control any military operation, the high ground. 就像指挥官控制着军队一样
It seemed like they had snatch teams of people they were conducting down below. 他们很有可能有一批人在 秘密的控制着底下的局面
Even if it wasn't PSB, I seriously doubt he could have gotten past the net of security. 如果这几个人不是安全局的人，那个年轻 人后来也很难逃脱安全局对他的追捕
Well, if it was the PSB who took him to one side, what would have been his fate? 如果那几个人是安全局的人， 这个年轻人的命运将如何
Well, I felt pretty strongly that he was executed. 我感到很有可能他会被处决
We saw a lot of public executions put on Chinese TV shortly after that, 我们看到六四之后有很多人被公开处决
and it was for people that had done far less offenses than embarrass the government in such a way. 而像这个年轻人的所作所为要比任何人 对中共政权的威胁都大
In the aftermath of the Beijing massacre, tens of thousands all across the country were arrested. 在六四屠杀之后， 全国有无数的人被捕入狱
Unknown numbers were executed. Some are still in prison today. 无从得知到底有多人被处死， 一些人至今仍在监狱
China television portrayed these people as counter-revolutionaries, hooligans and agents of foreign powers. 中国官方把这些人描绘成 反革命分子、流氓和外国间谍
But they never produced the young protester, who'd become the most powerful symbol of resistance to the regime. 但是从未提到那个 公然向政权挑战的年轻人
Could that possibly be a cause for hope? 这难道是一丝希望么？
I don't think they had him, or they would have, at that stage, displayed him. 我并不认为是安全局的人带走了他
I think that the people who took the Tank Man away were concerned people. 我想那些人可能是好心人
If you've ever seen security people manhandle a Chinese citizen, they're really brutal. 如果你看到一个安全局的人对待 一个中国公民，那往往是非常粗暴的
They twist your arm. They make you bend over. They punch you a few times. They kick you. 他们拽着你的胳膊，迫使你弯着腰， 不停的踢打你
So to me, I think he was helped to the side of the road. He wasn't being arrested. 所以我想他只是被带到了一边， 并没有被捕
That raises the intriguing possibility that he's still alive. 这就是说他还有可能活着？
I think that he is. The fact that we have not heard from him since that amazing incident tells me he's still alive. 我想有可能是这样的，因为自从那个事件 之后我们再也没有他的消息
He's still there. He has not been caught, and he's certainly not telling anybody that he's the man. 他可能还活着，只是现在不敢告所别人他 就是当年那个站在坦克前的年轻人
If Tank Man has survived, where is he now? 如果他还活着，他现在在哪里呢？
Since the day he made his heroic stand, his country has changed beyond recognition. 自从那天他作出英勇举动之后， 他的祖国发生了翻天覆地的变化
Old economic dogmas were cast aside. 旧的经济体制被废止了
To attract foreign capital, China's leaders created 2,000 special economic zones 中国领导人开放了2000多个行业
and removed many restrictions on foreign ownership and investment. 为了吸引外资， 并解除了很多对外资投资的限制
The results were dramatic. 效果是显著的
Fifteen years ago, this entire skyline didn't exist, 15年前这些摩天大楼并不存在
just paddy fields. 有的只是稻田
China's rise is the story of the 21st century, 中国的崛起是21世纪的大事
and it is rooted in the events of 1989. 而这一崛起却深深的植根于 1989年的事件中
This was Deng Xiaoping's great moment of genius. 这是邓小平的聪明之处
After the massacre of 1989, he, in effect, said, "We will not stop economic reform. 在六四屠杀后， 他告诉世界，经济改革不会中断
We will, in effect, halt political reform." 但我们会停止政治改革
What he basically said to people was, "Folks, you're in a room. There are two doors. 他告诉人们，你们现在有2个选择
One door says politics, one door says economics. 一个是政治，一个是经济
If you open the economic door, you're on your own. You can go the full distance, do basically whatever you want, get wealthy, help your family, have a bright future, move forward into a glorious future. 如果你选择了经济，你可以任意的赚钱， 得到你想要的东西，有一个光明的前途
If you open the political door, you're going to run right into one obstruction after another, and you're going to run into the state." 如果你选择了政治， 你会碰到一个又一个的障碍，寸步难行
There was a point to that. This was meant to buy the Communist Party a new lease on life 这就意味着人们要接受共产党新的合同
on the one hand, intimidate opposition for a generation, on the other hand, give the people bread and circuses. 一方面威胁党的反对者， 另一方面给人们经济诱惑
And the deal is there must be no challenge to one-party rule. 条件是不能反对共产党的一党专政
That's the terms of today's China. That's the deal. 这就是共产党的条件， 这就是当今中国的现实
And for those who rose against the regime in 1989 principally city people the deal has paid off. 对于大多数在1989年反对过共产党的人， 这个条件是可以接受的
After decades of austerity, they have access to everything that money can buy. 在经过了多年的禁欲生活， 现在他们可以用钱买到一切
No dream seems unattainable here, no expense too daunting. 没有钱买不到的东西， 没有人们用不起的东西
And the speed of the change is breathtaking. 这种变化的速度令人兴奋
The high-speed train from Shanghai airport to the city uses a technology developed in Germany but considered far too expensive to be practical. 从上海机场到市区的采用了 德国技术的高速铁路 被很多人认为是奢侈的旅途
But it stands as an important symbol of Chain's aspirations, no matter if the train is often empty. 尽管列车常常是空的， 但它象征着中国的一种渴望
Underpinning these visionary projects is an economy hurtling forward at a staggering rate of 9 percent a year, 这些重大基础设施的建设推动着经济 以每年9%的速度高速增长增长
as China sucks draws in hundreds of billions of dollars of foreign investment. 同时使中国吸引了数千亿美元的外资
Whole production lines have been moved out of the United States and Europe and set up here, 工业生产线被从欧洲和美国搬到了这里
turning China into a factory for the world. 使中国成为世界工厂
Thousands of the most familiar western brands toys, textiles, electronic goods are now made in China. 数千种我们熟悉的西方品牌、玩具、 服装、电子产品现在都是中国制造的
We do the research and marketing, they actually make the stuff. 我们西方作研发和市场营销，中国做产品
China has overtaken the United States as the world's largest consumer of coal, steel, meat and grain. 中国已经超过美国成为世界上消耗 煤、钢、肉、谷物最多的国家
Within the past five years, its oil demand has doubled. 在过去的5年， 中国的石油消耗量翻了一番
It is the world's second largest car market, and in a decade, could be the world's largest. 中国现在是世界第二大汽车消费国， 用不了多久，就会变成世界第一
It's an amazing miracle, what has happened since 1989. 中国的经济在1989年后真是个奇迹
And anyone such as myself standing there during those weeks 任何人像我一样在经过了1989年那几个血 腥和动荡的日子后，
couldn't have imagined in their wildest imagination that come 2006, China would be where it is today, 根本无法想象当今的中国 会发展成今天这个样子
and the party would still be enthroned. 更不会想到共产党今天仍然在执政
Never in the course of human history has a larger number of people gained more wealth in such a short time. 在人类历史上还从未有过在 这么短的时间内迅速致富的人群
Since 1989, China has seen the emergence of a new middle class, estimated at over 200 million people. 从1989年后， 中国大约兴起了2亿中产阶级
And the improvements have been extraordinary, been massive. 经济发展是显著的，很多人从发展中受益
So I think a lot of people have been willing to accept this deal with the devil, to say, 所以我想很多人愿意接受这样一个事实
"All right, things went very badly in 1989, but in a sense, we have been rewarded... 虽然政府在1989年做得很糟糕， 但是我们也得到了回报
by not asking the government to return to that event and account for the way in which it conducted itself." 回报是基于政府 不再回顾和对屠杀负责的基础上
That social contract, if you will, up to this point, 从某种意义上说，这种政府和社会精英 还有中产阶级达成的无言的协议
has worked quite well for the Communist Party and for the elite and now the new middle class of China. 现在看来对维护共产党的统治 来说是非常有效的
But what about the ordinary men and women on the factory floor, those whose labor keeps this economy on the fast track? 但是对于那些推动了经济快速发展的普通的 工人来说，他们得到了什么呢？
If Tank Man were really a worker, where would he be in the new China? 如果那个坦克前的英雄真是一个工人， 在当今的中国他的生活会怎么样呢？
Maybe here, if he's lucky, 在这里，如果他很幸运的话
in one of the huge joint ventures with Western corporations 在一家因为巨大的 税收优惠和高素质的劳动力
enticed into the China market by generous tax concessions, a disciplined work force and a potential market of 1.3 billion consumers. 以及13亿的巨大市场而 前来投资的西方公司里
The average pay here is equivalent to $600 a month 这里的平均工资是每月600美元
meager by Western standards, serious money for an ordinary worker in China. 在西方来说是很可怜的工资，但是对于中 国普通的工人来说则是一比很可观的收入
Others are less fortunate. 其他人就没有那么幸运了
When the old state-owned industries were brought to their knees, 30 million people lost their jobs and had to find their place in the new competitive market economy. 随着老国有企业的倒闭， 超过300万人丢掉了工作 并不得不在激烈的市场竞争中寻找出路
This state-owned steel works was saved. 这家国有的钢厂被拯救了
It had to be. 这必须要救
It was the only real employer in a one-industry town. 因为它是该城唯一一家能雇佣工人的工厂
Under new management, output has increased five-fold, 在新的管理体制下， 工厂的产量大幅提高
but 40,000 workers have lost their jobs. 但是4万人离开了工作岗位
The company school, the company hospital, the company nursery all closed down. 工厂的学校、医院、托儿所全部关闭了
If Tank Man had worked for a state-owned industry, where might he be now, 如果坦克前的那个年轻人在国有企业工作， 他现在的处境会怎样呢？
seizing his opportunities in the new China, or struggling to survive? 在快速发展的大潮中寻找机会？ 还是为生存而奔波？
There really seem to be two Chinas today, 在外人看来， 现在的中国被分成了两个中国
China A and China B. 中国A，和中国B
China A is big cities, where businessmen and foreign governments go 中国A是一些大城市， 那里聚集着商人和外国投资者
Beijing, Guangdong, Shanghai, Shenzhen modern, 像北京、上海、广州、深圳 都属于这类城市
and confronting a lot of the problems that developed countries are facing, 他们都面临着许多发展中国家 同样面临的问题
problems of urbanization, too many cars, the rise of criminalization, 城市化的问题， 太多的汽车和不断增长的犯罪
the education and health systems, the judicial system. 教育和医疗的问题，司法的问题
These are sort of problems for developed rich or getting richer country. 这些是经济发展中必然要产生的问题
And then you have China B, the underdeveloped or developing China, 然后就是中国B，中国欠发达的地区
which is the vast majority of the country. 这些地区占了中国领土的绝大部分
And this China is still very poor, not getting better because all the economic growth is concentrated in the cities. 这些地区的经济状况依然很差， 因为中国经济的发展过分集中在城市
They face problems that are really problems for developing countries 他们也面临很多发展中国面临的问题
very low education, not enough water, not enough economic resources, 非常低的教育水平，没有足够的用水， 缺少发展经济的必要资源
not enough infrastructure. It's a profoundly unequal system, 缺少足够的基础设施， 这完全是一种不平等的体系
and it's a system whose contradictions we see every day are playing out more and more. 这种体系和制度 所产生出来的矛盾也越来越严重
We are in Anhui province, 300 miles and several centuries from Shanghai. 我们在安徽省，虽然离上海只有300公里， 却和上海有几个世纪的差别
It's a dizzying descent from the skyscrapers and freeways, the glittering boutiques and futuristic train 这简直是一种巨大的落差， 从摩天大楼， 高速公路和列车， 令人眼花的精品店，
to this. 到这里
And yet there have been changes here, 也许这里也有一些变化
real changes for the better. 可能是一些好的变化
Under the old collective system, peasants were virtually slaves of the state. 在旧的生产制度下， 农民实际上是国家的奴隶
Now they own - or rather lease their plots and are free to sell their produce on the open market. 而现在他们至少有自己的土地和 自由支配自己农产品的权利
As a result of these reforms, rural incomes doubled within a decade. 由于农村的改革， 农民的收入在过去20年翻了一番
But the trouble is that what the state gave with one hand, it has taken away with the other. 但是问题是国家在给予农民东西的同时， 又从农民身上拿走了另外一些东西
Education and health care, which are the two main benchmarks for the advancement and progress of a society at large, 教育和医疗， 体现现代社会进步和繁荣的两项指标
have totally collapsed in the past 20 years. 却在过去20年间完全解体
Education used to be free and accessible for every child in China. 教育过去是免费的， 而且是面向全体国民的
but now there is not one kid in China that doesn't have to pay to go to school 但是在当今的中国， 没有一个孩子可以免费上学
not only the school fees, but the book fees, the heating fees, an array of fees. 不仅是学费，还有供暖费，服装费
Children of farmers in rural areas just can't go to school now because they can't afford it. You have to pay. And then they can't afford to pay health care. 农村地区的人们失学 主要是因为交不起学费
Something like less than a penny in American money per year 有时候农村地区的 人均医疗保险费还不及1美分
in the rural areas is spent on health care. It's virtually gone. It's just not there. 实际上农村的医疗保险是不存在的
So if you get sick, you depend on local herbal remedies and folklore 所以如果你有病， 只能依靠当地的土办法治病
or die. 或者等死
It really begs the question what is in the mind of the Chinese leaders. 我们非常想知道 中国领导人的脑子中在想什么
Is it to make China a rich and powerful country on the international scene, 是把中国变成一个 在国际上强大富裕的国家？
or is it to try to bring into the 21st century the entire Chinese population? 还是把全体的中国人 整体的带入21世纪
There are almost a billion people in China B, including at least 750 million peasant farmers and their families. 至少有10亿中国人生活在中国B， 包括7.5亿农民和他们的家人
What's so striking here is not just the sense of timelessness, but the absence of young adults. 在这里令我们感触地并不只是 毫无意义的时间，还有子女的缺失
Zhang Mei has three sons, who have all left to work in the industrial areas. 张美有三个儿子，全部在外地打工
She sees them once a year, if she's lucky. 他每年最多见他们一面
This little boy is a grandson. 这个小男孩是她的孙子
Quin Tang also has three sons and a daughter working hundreds of miles away. 秦唐也有3个儿子和1个女儿 在数百公里外的外地打工
You just can't make a living from farming here. 在这里只靠种地是不能生存的
You have to go away and find work. 你必须出外找工作
In recent surveys, the number one reason migrants give for leaving their homes and families is to pay for the education of their children. 最近的调查显示，农民外出打工的 最主要原因是为了支付子女的学费
In March 2006, the government promised to work to remedy the situation by injecting a further $5 billion in the rural economy over the next 12 months. 在2006年5月，政府曾承诺在未来的1年中向 农村投资50亿元来改善农村经济环境
That's almost $7 a head, probably not enough to turn back the human tide. 8亿农民平均每人只能分配到7元钱， 远远不能阻止大规模的打工潮
Everywhere you look in China, peasants are on the move, 在中国的任何地方，你都可以看到民工
the flow and counter-flow of hundreds of millions of people willing to accept working conditions and wages that give this economy its competitive edge. 数以百万计的愿意接受低薪 和艰苦工作环境的农民工是 保持经济发展强大的动力
It is the largest migration in history and the basis of the China's industrial strength. 这是人类历史上最大的移民潮和 中国工业最主要的发展动力
Forty thousand migrants work here in Sanxingchen, a new industrial center that has grown from a village in less than 10 years. 三星城，一个用了不到10年时间发展起来 的城市，现在有4万民工在这里工作
The trend now is for specialization, one city per product. 这里的生产是高度专业化， 一个城市一种产品
So China has a sock city, a toothbrush city, an underwear city, 于是中国有了牙刷城、内衣城，
and here in Sanxingchen, a bedding city, 三星城则是床上用品城
making comforters, pillows and sheets for the world. 他们为世界生产舒适的枕头和被褥
The Sanxingchen employers are beneficiaries of the post-Tiananmen deal. 三星城从89年后的经济发展中获益
Some at the top end have exploited party connections, 一些人利用与党政的关系发家
others have risen from the humblest backgrounds and now own a back-street workshop or two. 另外一些人从卑微的地位起家， 现在拥有多家街边工厂
What they all share in the bedding business is a preference for young female workers. 他们雇佣对象的首选是年轻的未婚女性
Factory employers like to hire young people 工厂更愿意雇用年轻的女工
because they are more energetic,they are fresh, they can work faster. 因为他们精力旺盛
That's why, when they recruit workers, they look at their health. 这就是为什么他们招聘工人的时候 非常注意他们的健康状况的原因
It's very important to make sure they are strong and fit. You don't want to hire sickly workers. 这一点十分重要， 因为谁也不想要身体很差的工人
A lot of factories do not even have one day off. 很多工厂甚至没有休息日
at means seven days a week, thirteen hours a day. 这就意味着一天13个小时， 一个星期7天的工作量
Typical pay for migrants working these hours, about $120 a month. 这样的工人一般每月只能挣到120美元
They work them like this for maybe five, six or seven years, 他们在这里可能工作6、7年
and then either they get sick, they get tired, and they leave on their own, or the factory manager management will fire them, if they are not up to the speed. 随后或者由于他们的身体 变得太差而选择离开或者被解雇
Life for most of these workers is confined to the factory floor and a dormitory in a migrants' hostel. 打工者一天中大部分时间 被局限在工厂和宿舍
Sanxingchen is encircled with hostels some of them squalid, 三星城被打工者宿舍所包围
some others indescribable. 大多数都肮脏不堪
We were allowed to film at the modern 我们被允许拍摄一家江苏现代化的工厂
Jiangsu Dadao factory. 大岛集团
Here top-quality bed linen is woven for clients from Russia and the Far East to the United States, 这里的工人正在为俄罗斯、东亚、 美国的客商制作高质量的亚麻布
and the girls who make the stuff sleep 12 to a room. 而工作在这里的女工 拥挤在一间12人的宿舍
Three of the brightest were taken off the factory floor and were ready and waiting for our interview. 三名清秀的女工被允许接受采访
Qiju, aged 20, is from Anhui province, where we had just come from. 齐菊今年20岁，来自安徽省
Qiju spoke glowingly of her job in this new modern factory. 齐菊热情地谈起他在这家工厂工作的感受
But were these her real feelings? Impossible to know, with all interviews monitored by government minders. 但是这是她的真实感受么？ 由于身边有政府官员的在场 我们就不得而知了
We're paid regularly. 我们能按时拿到工资
We never have to work after 9:00 PM. And the food is much better than anywhere I've worked before. 我们从来不会要求工作到9点以后， 而且这里的伙食也不错
In spite of the heavy presence in the wings, the girls gradually opened up and gave us a glimpse into their real lives. 尽管在政府官员的严厉监视下， 这位女工还是逐渐的透露 给我们一些她的真实生活
Jin Li is from Jiangxi province, 500 miles to the south. 金丽来自江西，离这里500公里
I'm working here to help my family. Where I come from, all we have is farming. 我在这里工作是为了解决家里的负担， 因为家乡唯一的工作就是种地
Hongyan is the veteran of the group at 22. 宏艳今年22岁，是一位老练的工人
I send all the money I earn back home to pay the school fees for my brother and sister. 我把我的工资全部寄回家供弟弟妹妹上学
But what I earn is still not enough. 但是钱仍然不够
Maybe I'd earn more in another country. 也许我会出国打工
I just wish the pay here was better, that the factory would be developed and improved. 我希望工资会提高，工厂会更好的发展
But at least it's better than the last place I worked in. 尽管这样，这里的工资 已经比我以前工作的地方高了
When they were busy, we had to work on right through the night. 以前工作的地方常常要加班工作到很晚
Some of my friends just couldn't keep going and just fell asleep, right there in front of the machines. 我的一些朋友由于不能忍受疲劳， 就在机器前睡着了
The problems that workers face in China are not just low pay or long hours. 中国工人的情况不仅是 工作时间很长，工资很低
Workers have no basic rights. They don't even have the right to negotiate with management. 工人们缺乏最基本的权利， 他们甚至不能同老板讨价还价
Now exiled, Han Dongfan broadcasts a regular phone-in program to mainland China. 流亡在海外的韩东方现在是 一个互动节目的播音员
Today he's talking to workers who make sofas for a European company. 今天他在同一个为欧洲 制作沙发的工厂的工人交谈
When the workers recently protested a 20 percent wage cut, their leaders were beaten up. 当最近工人们示威抗议老板削减他们的工资， 工人领袖被殴打
Now some of them are suffering severe health problems. We think it's a glue, sprayed in the production process. 现在很多工人 由于生产过程中的污染染上了疾病
The Chinese authorities have tried to jam these broadcasts. 中国当局试图干扰此类广播
Han is considered an enemy of the state. 韩东方被认为是中共政权的敌人
In 1989, he was elected to lead an independent trades union that set up headquarters in Tiananmen Square. 在1989年，韩东方被选为工人领袖， 并在天安门广场设立了指挥部
When his face appeared on the TV wanted lists broadcast across he China, 当他的通缉令出现在电视上的时候
he says he simply walked into a police station and said, "Here I am, and I've done nothing wrong." 他说他自己只是走进公安局说： 我在这里，我没有做错任何事。
Brutalized, kept in solitary 韩东方被粗暴的关在一间单独的房间里
and then forced to share a tiny cell with prisoners suffering from infectious diseases, 后来又被强迫的和传染病人关在一起
Han nearly died. 韩东方差一点死亡
Workers in China are cheated, deceived, not fully informed, 当今的中国的工人被欺骗、玩弄
and they have no rights. 并且没有任何权利
All workers are facing the same situation, whether they are working in privately owned companies, foreign companies or reformed state-owned industries 不管他们是工作在国有企业、私营企业 还是外资企业，这种情况都存在
no statutory pension, no compensation for injury, no sick pay. 没有劳动伤害补偿，没有医疗保险
And because of the long hours, accidents can happen at any time loss of fingers, even limbs. 因为长时间的工作，事故常常发生
Another issue is the condition in which they work, handling toxic materials, 另外他们的工作环境十分恶劣
breathing in toxic dust without any protection. 没有任何的防毒防化措施
These are the people are losers in the China's economic growth. 这些人是中国经济发展的受害者
And the population of them are vast. 他们的数量是巨大的
And they don't have a voice. They don't have anyone to address them. They don't have a social mechanism to sort of advocate on their behalf. 他们没有说话的权利，没人为他们的利益说话，没有一种社会机制去反映他们的主张
They do not have a government that ever listen to them at all. 政府不愿意倾听他们的意见
Migrant workers arriving at the site of the main stadium for the 2008 Beijing Olympics. 这些民工到达了2008年奥运会的施工地点
It's highly unlikely, though, that any of them will be around to watch the games. 但他们中的这些人很难有机会在2008年来这里观看奥运会
Migrant workers are subject to strict residency laws, necessary prevention, in the government's view, 在政府的眼中， 严格实行户籍管理制度是十分必要的
against mass migration and the creation of urban slums. 目的是为了防止大量移民潮和 城市贫民窟的出现
To remain here legally, migrants must live without their dependents in single-sex hostels. 为了合法的在城市工作， 民工们必须单身的住在打工宿舍里
When the job is done, they must find another or move on. 当一个工作完成了， 他们会去寻找下一个工作而继续流动
This system explain how China has been able to concentrate so much wealth and development in the cities 这一种制度解释了为什么中国能 集中巨额资金用于城市建设
all these glittering buildings that you see everywhere, all this prosperity, order and cleanliness 解释了为什么城市里有那么多高楼大厦
because it has denied the very people who built this any enjoyment of the benefits of the cities. 因为他拒绝给建设这些楼房的人以任何好处
So they will come, contribute their work, get paid very menial, very minimal wages, 所以他们会来到城市， 努力的工作但得到非常低的报酬
but then they will have to leave or try to lie low in the city 但是当他们建设完高楼大厦之后， 他们必须选择离开或生活在城市的底层
because they're not entitled to residency. 因为他们没有城市户口
Although, there is no evidence of abuse on the Olympic sites, for construction workers elsewhere in China, it's a very different story. 虽然，没有证据表明建造奥运场馆的工人被肆意剥削，但在中国其他地方的工人，事情可就不太一样了。
They go to a site, and they work and work and they're not paid at all. 他们努力的工作， 最后却得不到任何的工资
They are given food because you need to eat before you can work.You know, it's hard labor.But they are not paid. 老板给他们提供食物是 因为有了食物人才能工作
The arrangement is that you will be paid at the end of the year. 一般工资都是在年底发
Anita Chan has been researching working conditions inside China for 15 years. 陈女士在中国境内研究工人现状 已有15年时间
And if at the end of the year, either the boss, the construction company or the gang boss default on you, 到了年底，如果如果开发商 或承包队拖欠你的工资
that means you are not paid. 那意味着你拿不到一分钱
And that is so common. 这在当今的中国太常见了
There have been cases of construction workers trying to commit suicide, 已经有过工人要自杀的例子
trying to draw attention by going up to some construction sites and threatening to throw themselves down. 如爬到高处威胁要跳下， 目的是为了引起众人的注意
A lot of these construction workers are working for the state sector, building government buildings. 很多工人都是为政府部门建设高楼
And in the end, it's the workers who are at the end, who are at the bottom of the you know, of the heap, and so they are not paid. 然而到了年底，工人们常常拿不到工资， 生活在社会的底层
China's paradox now is that, you know, a larger quotient of people than at any time in the last 50 years has moved forward and are economically better off. 中国的矛盾是一大部分人 比以往50年富得都快
But there's a huge number which have really stagnated. 但是还有相当多的人依然贫困
What you see in China is this pool of resentment, 你现在所看到的中国聚集着仇恨
this growing pool of resentment from the Chinese underclass that is progressively spreading over China. 这种来自于社会底层的仇恨 正在向整个社会蔓延
There's a huge amount of tension. It's like a land of a thousand earthquake faults. 社会的对立非常激烈，就像地震中的断层
And one of these faults is between the rich and the poor, between peasants and the party, between corrupt officials and the people. 这种断层来自于穷人和富人，农民和 共产党，腐败的官员和普通民众
Time is running out. The level of unrest in China is rising. 中国的不安气氛正在一天天加剧
At the end of last year, the Public Security Ministry declared the number of the demonstrations was 74,000 nationwide, 去年，中国公安部宣称 全国有7.4万起民众示威
but a year before was 50,000, 但是一年前只有5万起
and this number is increasing. 这个数字还在增加
The figure for 2005 has risen further to 87,000 incidents. 这个数字到了2005达到8.7万
All over China, the pressure is building. Here peasants, defending their land from takeover by a power company, 这里，农民正在保卫自己的土地不被一家背 景雄厚的房地产开发商所占用
are beaten, stabbed and shot by hired thugs 农民遭到了殴打，被雇佣的打手的枪击
one incident in June of last year that happened to be recorded by a villager... 这是去年六月发生的一起事件， 恰巧被一位村民拍摄下来
who was able to smuggle his tape out of the country 并成功地把录像带带到了国外
one incident in June 1989 that happened to take place under the very noses of Western cameramen. 同样的，发生在1989年的那一刻 也下恰巧被西方记者记录下来
The challenge of powerful images for an authoritarian state is enormous. 这个英勇反抗强权的画面的力量是巨大的
How do you stop one person's example becoming an inspiration to others? 你怎么能阻止一个人的榜样会激励其他的人呢？
How do you prevent the fire from spreading? 你（中国领导人） 怎么能阻止这种精神的烈火在蔓延？
Beida, the University of Beijing, and the most prestigious in all of China. 北京大学，中国最著名的学府
In 1989, Beida was the nerve center of the student movement that would inspire a popular uprising. 在1989年，北大是学运的中心， 并激励了无数的民众
Today's undergraduates enjoy all the benefits that have flowed into China A. 今天，这里的大学生享受着 各种各样的涌入中国A的利益
Largely the children of the elite, they enjoy freedom of travel 大多数孩子都是精英，享受着各种自由
and a lifestyle many Western undergraduates might envy. 甚至享受着很多被西方同龄人 所羡慕的生活方式
But what do they know of their recent history? 但是他们对自己国家的历史怎么看？
I'm going to try a little experiment. 我想做一个小实验
Show this picture around and tell me what that picture says to you. Pass them around. 传阅一下这幅照片， 告诉我当你们看到他时想到了什么
They were baffled. 他们困惑了
After a long silence, one of them whispered 在片刻沉默之后,一个女孩小声说
Looks like some military ceremony. 像是一个阅兵式
The boy whispered back: It was '89. 男孩小声说：1989?
But the girl made no connection. 但是女孩没有回答
Does it have any meaning at all?
Well, I can see four vehicles. I'm not sure about the context. It might be a parade or something. I really don't know. I'm just guessing.
I really can't tell anything from this picture. There's no context.
Is this a piece of artwork? Did you make this up?
Whatever they may have heard about 1989, it was clear that they had never seen the Tank Man picture. 不管他们是否听说过1989, 不过很显然他们没见过这个场景
I think it's terribly tragic that Beijing University students, 我想这对北京大学的学生来说是一个悲剧
who were at the forefront of the May 89 democracy movement, 因为他们曾经站在了89民主运动的最前线
several generations of students later have no conception of what happened, don't even know that this incident of the man in front of the tanks ever happened. 年轻一代并不清楚当年发生了什么 更不知道那个站在坦克前的年轻人
Tragic indeed, but not surprising. 这确实是一个悲剧，但并不奇怪
The image was shown once, in 1989 on China Television, 这个场面曾经在1989年的 中国电视台上出现过一次
re-branded as an example of the army's restraint. 为的是表扬军队的克制
But the picture was quickly withdrawn and never shown again. 但是这一段录像很快被拿下， 从此再也没出现过
No one under 20 in China is likely to have seen it. 20岁以下的年轻人似乎都没有见过这一幕
One way the Chinese government has managed to control the dialogue and the discussion of the past is by controlling the media and publishing, 中国政府对历史评价的控制是 通过控制媒体和出版物
and that it's done quite effectively. 这个方法很有效
And it's no accident that this is an area that they are least willing to relent and to compromise, 这段历史无疑是一块禁区
as these other rather amazing reforms go forward in the country. 尽管其他领域发生了重大的改革
Any regime attempting to combine economic freedom with rigid one-party rule is faced with a challenge. 历史上任何一个试图把自由经济 和严酷的一党专政结合起来的政权 都会面临巨大的挑战
How do you allow in all the information necessary to keep a free market economy running, 你怎么能够一方面允许信息的进入以保持自 由市场经济经济的发展
while filtering out anything that contradicts the party line and undermines its authority? 另一方面却在过滤 对你的政权有威胁的信息
Press censorship is one thing, but China already has 111 million Internet users, 严格的媒体控制是一回事， 但是中国已拥有了1.1亿网民
monitored by at least 30,000 Internet police. 他们被至少30万网络警察严格监控着
For more sophisticated controls, China relies on Western technology. 对于更严格的控制， 中国政府则依靠的是西方公司的技术
When we in the West search for images of Tiananmen Square on Google, 在西方，我们用Google图片搜索天安门
photos of Tank Man pop up immediately. 年轻人在坦克前的图片立即涌现出来
Move through the selection of 18 pages, and Tank Man appears again and again. 在搜索结果的前18页，不断地在重复出现
When people in China make the same entry on their Google search engine, 但当中国的网民用google搜索同样的信息
they get just three pages, 只有3页结果
featuring maps, architecture, cooking hints and smiling tourists posing in the square. 只能看到地图，建筑物，导游 和面带微笑的外国游客
But not one single image of the Tank Man. 没有一张是坦克前的那一幕
All the major IT companies in the West have not only embraced the Chinese market, 所有的西方网络公司不仅是 争先恐后的抢夺中国的巨大市场
they have bent over backwards to please the Chinese government. 他们还在原则问题上向中国政府妥协
They have proposed to tailor their information system to fit the political censorship needs. 他们修改他们的系统以满足 中国政府过滤信息的要求
Yahoo! have very early on signed a self-censorship pledge. Yahoo是最早实行自我审查的西方公司
Google and others have followed. Google和其他网络巨头也在效仿
These companies are absolutely capable either of caving into the Chinese, 这些网络公司或者是屈服于中国政府
or worse, in the case of Yahoo! and Cisco 或者更糟，以Yahoo和Cisco为例
just to take those two of providing them with the technology to identify people and messages that the Chinese don't like. 向中国政府提供了身份识别系统， 使他们能够确定每个人的身份
And we already know that at least one person, a person called Shi Tao, has been arrested in China because of this. 据我们所知，已经有一个中国人叫师涛 因为雅虎的这种做法而被捕
Shi Tao was a journalist. 师涛是一个记者
His crime, forwarding to a New York web site Chinese government instructions on how their media should cover the 16th anniversary of the Beijing massacre. 他的“罪行”是向纽约一家网站转达了中国政府如何要求媒体报导六四16周年的命令
Yahoo! supplied all the necessary information to the Chinese government, 雅虎提供给中国政府所有师涛的个人信息
including the time the e-mail was sent, the IP address and the corresponding PC he used. 包括他的email发送的时间、 ip地址和个人电脑的信息
Shi Tao was arrested and put in jailed for 10 years. 师涛被判刑十年
In February 2006, representatives of Yahoo!, Google, Cisco and Microsoft 在2006年2月， Google,Yahoo,Microsoft,Cisco的代表
ppeared before a congressional committee, accused of being accomplices of oppression. 被邀在国会作听证会, 他们被指责为政治压迫的共犯
Leading U.S. companies like Google, Yahoo!, Cisco and Microsoft have compromised both the integrity of their product and their duties as responsible corporate citizens. 美国网络巨头们违反了他们作为网络公司 应付的职责和道义精神
We have determined that we can do the most for our users and do more to expand access to information 我们(google)认为我们可以 向用户提供更多的信息
if we accept the censorship restrictions required by Chinese law. 如果我们接受了中国政府的信息审查
Our decision to create a presence, any presence, inside of China was a difficult one. 如果我们不这样做的话根本无法 向中国用户提供任何信息
Self-censorship like that which we are now required to perform in China is something that conflicts deeply with our core principles. 自我审查在某种意义上讲是违背公司原则的
If this Congress wanted to learn how to censor, we go to you, 网络公司不应成为政治压迫的同路人
the company that should symbolize the greatest freedom of information in the history of man. 网络公司应在历史上成为传播自由信息的使者
This was not something that we did enthusiastically, or not something that we're proud of at all. 这不是我们热心去做的事情，更不是我们引以为自豪的事情
No one had tougher questions to answer than Yahoo! 没有一家公司比雅虎更难回答议员的提问的了
Women and men are going to the gulag and being tortured as a direct result of information handed over to Chinese officials. 人们被送到古拉格式集中营，仅仅是因为我 们的公司把“情报”送给了中国政府
When Yahoo! was asked to explain its actions, Yahoo! said that it must adhere to local laws in all countries where it operates. 等我们问及此事时，雅虎却说这是根据当地的法律而行事
The Shi Tao case. The facts of the Shi Tao case are distressing to our company, our employees and our leadership. 对师涛一案来说， （雅虎）公司感到非常难过
When Yahoo! China in Beijing was required to provide information about a user, 当雅虎中国被要求提供用户信息时
who we later learned was Shi Tao, we had no information about the identity of the user or the nature of the investigation. 我们并不知道这些信息的用途和目的
At the time the demand was made for information in this case, Yahoo! China was legally obligated to comply with the requirements of Chinese law enforcement. 当中国政府要求我们提供信息时， 我们只好根据中国法律行事
My response to that is, if the secret police a half century ago asked where Anne Frank was hiding, 我的回答是，如果半个世纪前纳粹的秘密警察要求你提供正在躲藏中的犹太人安妮的信息
would the correct answer be to hand over the information in order to comply with local laws? 难道你能够说你要根据当地法律行事么？
It is that aspect, direct cooperation between Western corporations and the Chinese police, that is of greatest concern. 然而这就是事实，西方公司在和中国的警方合作
China have a national program, so-called Golden Shield program. 中国有一个控制网络的工程叫“金盾工程”
It means try to upgrade and modernize the police control system. 这就意味着要常常更新和升级信息控制系统
Posing as a provider of surveillance technology and database management, 把自己伪装成网络监视设备和 信息控制系统的供应商
exiled dissident Harry Wu contacted local police authorities across China. 流亡海外的胡先生联系了中国各地的警方
He says that time after time, he was told he was too late. 一次又一次的胡先生被告知来得太晚了
They already had the latest technology from the American corporation Cisco. 他们已经有了一家西方的供应商--思科
Cisco signed a contract with the provincial security department one after the other one. 思科一个接一个的和中国各省的安全部门签署了协议
In their proposal, they say very clear that, "We help you make your work more effective." 他们的目的是非常明确的，用思科的话来讲就是“我们可以帮助你们更好的控制信息”
Patrol car to patrol car connection, 巡逻车之间的联系
patrol car to police station connection, 巡逻车和警察局的联系
include the voice identification, 包括语音识别系统
image identification, 图像识别系统
fingerprints identification. 指纹识别系统
They're training Chinese police to control the country, control the people. 为的是让中国的警察 更好的控制全国，监视人民
Cisco declined an interview but issued a written statement: 思科拒绝了我们的采访， 但是写了一份书面声明
"Cisco sells identical products world-wide. 思科公司在全球销售的产品是一致的
It is the customer, not Cisco, who determines how the specific capabilities will be used." 是购买者而不是思科决定产品的特定用途
But Harry Wu wonders whether Cisco is violating the law. 但是胡先生质疑思科公司违反美国法律
American have the law since 1989, not allowed to sell any products to China about the detective or crime control. 美国自从1989年后制定了法律， 禁止向中国出口有关犯罪控制的设备
The law forbids the sale of any crime control or detection instruments or equipment to China. 美国法律确实是禁止向中国出口有关的设备
But Cisco says this means "equipment such as shotguns, police helmets and handcuffs. 思科公司却宣称法律只限制如散弹枪， 警用头盔和手铐
Networking products are not covered by this legislation." 网络产品不在此类之内
But under pressure from Harry Wu and Congress, 在胡先生和美国国会的压力下
the administration and the State Department are now reexamining the rules under which technology companies should operate in China. 美国政府已经开始重新审视 如何规范网络公司在中国的活动
But the technology is already there. 但是西方的技术已经在中国起作用
It has helped make Tank Man disappear. 是它使坦克前的年轻人从网络上消失
And if another should emerge, that technology would could facilitate a swift arrest. 如果类似的场景再次发生，西方的技术会更方便于逮捕那个人
But in 1989, this lone defiance was an enigma, 在1989年， 这个年轻人的身世命运仍是难解之谜
and the world's press wanted a name for the hero. 世界的媒体想为此人起个名字
After three weeks of speculation, news broke. 在事件的三个星期后的，媒体打破了沉默
He was named in an English Sunday newspaper as Wang Wei Lin, 他被英国天空报纸命名为王维林
the 19 year-old son of a Beijing factory worker. 一个北京工人的儿子，19岁
Journalist Alfred Lee claimed that friends of the young man say said they'd spotted him shaven-headed and paraded on state television. 记者李称年轻人的一个朋友 在中国的电视上看到他被剃光了头游街
Following his world exclusive, Alfred Lee was congratulated by British prime minister Margaret Thatcher, 由于他对年轻人的独家追踪报道， 李先生被撒切尔首相所表彰
and the name he gave the Tank Man has been used by journalists and commentators ever since. 于是他给年轻人起的名字王维林 被世界媒体广泛使用
I published the name Wang Wei Lin after speaking to three excellent contacts that I had in Beijing. 我在接触了3名十分清楚内情的人 才得知了这个名字
These contacts were very close to what was happening at Tiananmen Square at the time. 这些人近距离的经历了 天安门广场的那一幕
I knew that once his name had come into the public domain, 我想一旦他的名字被公布于众
the Chinese authorities wouldn't be able to do anything to him. They couldn't execute him. 中国政府就不敢处决他
It would have brought outrage from the world. 那样做的话会激怒整个世界
Experienced China journalists are deeply skeptical about the story and the name Wang Wei Lin. 但是富于经验的中国记者对这个故事 和王维林这个名字提出了质疑
I didn't believe it because, 我不相信这个名字
you know, it's great to have a scoop, but if no one can follow it, if no one can match it, then it doesn't exist. 如果能得到事件的内幕当然很好，但你必须 去证明他，如果不能证明它，它就不存在
None of the resident correspondents in Beijing, many of whom are fluent in Chinese and have many sources, many connections, all kinds of information, no one could match it. 很多外国记者在中国有很多信息渠道， 各种各样的信息， 但没人能证实他们的真实性
I also took into account that the journalist who reported the story was not a resident foreign correspondent in Beijing. 我还考虑到报道这一消息的记者 并不是一位在北京的常驻记者
Five days after Alfred Lee's story broke, 在李先生的报道出笼5天后
The London Evening Standard cited American intelligence reports confirming that 19-year-old Wang Wei Lin was dead. 伦敦晚报引用美国情报部门的消息 证实王维林已经被处决
The article was attributed to The Standard's Beijing correspondent, John Passmore. 那篇文章据说是 驻北京记者约翰.帕斯默所写
Do you recall that article? 你还记得这篇文章么？
Not at all. And now you tell me that it was American intelligence sources, 想不起来了 你告诉我这些信息来自于美国情报部门
I know it couldn't have been me writing it because I didn't have any American intelligence sources. 那就更不可能是我写的了，因为我根本没有美国情报部门的信息
I had British diplomats who helped me, but not Americans. 我只有英国外交官帮助了我，并不是美国
But So you don't have any evidence that he was executed. 这么说你没有证据证明他已被处决？
No. I never knew who he was or what happened to him. 没有，我也不知道他叫什么名字
And is that usual? Because it's your name there. Is it usual that... 但是你觉得这正常么？那篇报道有你的名字
reports are attributed to a journalist that actually wasn't written by him? 但实际证明连作者都不知道他写了那篇文章
Oh, absolutely. It looks so much better if you've got a man out in Beijing and he's written this report.But the report may have come from anywhere.Sometimes it's done out there, sometimes it's done in the office. 是的，这像是一篇简单编造的文章
But I don't remember it, I'm afraid. 我确实记不得我写了这篇文章
I remember cobbling a lot of stuff, but not this one. 我记得我修改和拼凑了许多文章， 但是对这篇文章没有印象
Do you think, in a way, that's a comment both on China and on journalism? 你是否认为这篇报道有点添油加醋
When access is forbidden, we fill the gaps. 当我们被禁止到中国采访时， 我们主观的编造了一些东西
Oh, yes. Yes. You must have something to fill the gap.The Chinese have a saying. They call it "news from the footpath." 是的，中国有句谚语说：从地底下钻出来
And it was the rumor mill, and of course, Beijing was absolutely full of rumors. 这消息很可能是谣言，当年的北京到处都是谣言
For generations, I suppose, Chinese people have had their news from the next-door neighbor because the government certainly wasn't going to give them any. 因为中共政权常常封锁消息， 所以几十年来中国人善于 从别人那里得到有用的消息
And yes, this sort of thing would have gone around the city like wildfire. 于是这种消息就像野火一样传遍全城
The honest answer, as far as the Tank Man is concerned, is that we don't really know who he was and what he was. 老实得说，是不是我们不能确定那个年轻人的姓名和命运？
No 是
And I think, because of China, we'll probably never know. 也许我们永远不会知道?
Probably not. 是的
I followed the paper trail of the reports that appeared in the Western press naming him as Wang Wei Lin, 我追寻了西方媒体的报道，他们声称他叫王维林，后来被当局处决
the reports that he'd been executed. 我深入地研究了这一报道
I looked into these, and I just concluded at the end of that investigation that we actually had no idea what this man was called, what his real name was. 最后我得出了结论，事实上我们并不知道他叫什么名字，他是谁
And we'd even less idea of what had happened to him. He'd simply disappeared. 更不知道他的命运如何，他只是消失在人群中
There's only been only one crack in the wall silence. 可能在沉默的铁墙中只有一道裂缝
In 1990, Jiang Zemin, the man who would soon be president of China, was asked pointblank by Barbara Walters. 1990年，国家主席江泽民被美国abc广播公司记者芭芭拉问及此事
What happened to the young man? 这个年轻人后来怎样了？
I think this young man maybe not killed by the tank. 我想这个年轻人没有被坦克压过去
No, but did you arrest him? We heard he was arrested and executed. 不，我的意思是你们有没有把他逮捕并处决?
Well, I can't confirm whether this young man you mentioned was arrested or not. 我不能确定你提到的那个年轻人是否被捕
You do not know what happened to him? 你不知道他怎么样了？
But I think never never killed. 但是我想他没有死
This was the last official statement ever made on the subject. 这是迄今为止最后一次的官方解释
Every year at the anniversary, 在每年的六四纪念日
I've got phone calls, I have interviews requests, I have journalists, I have teachers, I have students asking me, 常常有电话，有要求采访的，不断有记者，有学生，有教师
asking my organization, where is him, who is him, how is him now? 不断地问我和我的组织，他是谁，他现在在哪
But until now, today, I don't have an answer. 但是直到今天，我都无法回答这些问题
For over a year, we also followed every lead, speaking to anyone who claimed to know the young man's name or his fate, 在这一年中，我们追寻着每一个线索，采访了每一位亲历或熟知此时的当事人
until, like those who had followed the trail before us, 像那些曾在我们之前苦苦追寻的人一样
we came to understand that it is the mystery that gives the Tank Man his enduring power. 我们开始明白正是因为他那不为人知的身世给予了这个形象以永恒的力量
He didn't need to have a name. 他其实并不需要名字
He spoke for the masses, the many who'd been silenced on June 4th. 他为那些在六四屠杀中沉默的民众说话
He was all of them. He didn't need a name. 他是普通人中的一员他仍然不需要姓名
He still doesn't need a name because the point he made, everyone got it. Everyone heard it. 因为每个人都能理解他那英勇举动所代表的含义
It will endure long after this regime has become history. 这种力量将会比这个政权存在的更久
Our journey in search of Tank Man brought us face to face with that other great mystery, 在我们探索年轻人的命运过程中，我们亲身接触到了另一个不解之谜
China itself. 中国本身
Can the leadership's great gamble of economic reform and political repression succeed, 中国领导人的经济改革和政治压迫的巨大赌注能否成功
or will the spirit of Tank Man inevitably rise again? 还是年轻人的精神会不可避免的再次出现
The power of that story is not getting weaker 这种精神的力量事实上并没有减弱
because of the time, because we don't know who he is, 因为随着时间的消逝，因为我们并不知道他是谁
it's actually getting stronger. 他的精神力量实际上是更强了
That ultimate spirit of freedom will last longer than the strength of tanks and machine guns. 这种自由的精神要比机枪和坦克组成的恐怖力量存在的更久
In the long frame of history, it's the human freedom, courage, dignity will stay and prevail. 在人类的历史长河中，自由、勇气、尊严将会持久永存
That picture will testify that forever. 这一瞬将会永远见证这一点
翻译：罗坚基
声明：本字幕只为传播信息之目的， 影片内容仅为影片制作人之观点，不代表译者认同或反对其态度和立场。