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the graph that is taken from the middle third of the patellar tendon is about 10 centimeters long.
从髌腱中间三分之一处取出的图形长约10厘米。
it incorporates a plug of bone from the lower part of the knee cap on one end and a piece of bone from the upper tibia.
它包括一端的膝盖下部骨头和上胫骨的一块骨头。
on the other end,
在另一端，
the defect in the patellar tendon is closed.
髌腱缺损是封闭的。
the tendon,
肌腱，
heals and eventually regains its strength.
治愈并最终恢复其力量。
this graft can also be taken from a cadaver.
这种移植物也可以从尸体中取出。
this has some advantages,
这有一些优点，
but also some risks.
但也有一些风险。
the rest of the operation is performed with the aid of the arthroscope,
手术的其余部分是在关节镜的帮助下进行的，
while viewing the inside of the knee on a television monitor.
在电视监视器上观看膝盖内侧时。
the arthroscope is introduced into the knee and the joint is inspected.
将关节​​镜引入膝盖并检查关节。
any associated problems such as torn cartilage is corrected to create a tunnel in the proper location in the tibia.
任何相关的问题，如撕裂的软骨被纠正，以在胫骨的适当 位置创建一个隧道。
a guide pen is passed through the upper tibia.
引导笔穿过上胫骨。
it enters the joint at the spot where the ACL normally attaches to the tibia.
它在ACL正常附着于胫骨的位置进入关节。
the guide pen is over drilled with a cannulated drill.
导管用空心钻钻过。
a guide pin is now passed through the tibia tunnel and into the femur.
引导针现在穿过胫骨隧道并进入股骨。
it is drilled into the bone at the spot,
它是在现场钻进骨头的，
where the ACL normally attaches to the femur.
ACL通常附着在股骨上。
the pen is over drilled to the appropriate depth.
笔被钻到适当的深度。
a long guide pin is now passed upward through the tibial tunnel across the joint into the femoral tunnel and out through the front of the thigh.
现在，一根长引导针向上穿过胫骨隧道穿过关节进入股骨 隧道并穿过大腿前部。
this guide pen is used to pull the ACL graft through the tibial tunnel across a joint and into the femoral tunnel.
该引导笔用于将ACL移植物穿过胫骨隧道穿过关节并进 入股骨隧道。
the knee is fully flexed.
膝盖完全弯曲。
working now through a small in front of the knee.
现在通过膝盖前面的一个小工作。
a guide pin is pushed into the femoral tunnel.
导销被推入股骨隧道。
next to the graft,
在移植物旁边，
an interference screw is passed over the pin and screwed into the femoral tunnel.
干涉螺钉穿过销钉并拧入股骨隧道。
this secures the upper end of the graft in the femoral tunnel.
这将移植物的上端固定在股骨隧道中。
the knee is now extended and the graft is pulled tightly as tension is applied to the graphed.
膝盖现在伸展，移植物被拉紧，因为对图形施加了张力。
a second interference screw is screwed into the tibial tunnel.
第二个干涉螺钉拧入胫骨隧道。
this locks into place the lower end of the graft within the tibial tunnel.
这将移植物的下端锁定在胫骨隧道内。
the screws securely hold the new ACL in place until the bone plugs heal in place.
螺钉牢固地固定新ACL，直到骨塞愈合到位。
the knee is now stable and motion can begin immediately.
膝盖现在稳定，动作可以立即开始。
in fact,
事实上，
a continuous passive motion,
持续的被动运动，
machine or CPM is used to slowly move the knee about 23 hours a day.
机器或CPM用于每天约23小时缓慢移动膝盖。
this early and continuous motion is very important to decrease knee pain,
这种早期和连续运动对于减轻膝盖疼痛非常重要，
to quickly regain knee motion and to avoid problems with the kneecap.
快速恢复膝盖运动，避免膝盖骨出现问题。