没有比这更好的体验之地了 There are few better places to experience
自然的壮丽胜过东非 nature's splendor than East Africa.
在这里 著名的生物养育了家庭 Here, wellknown creatures raise families
紧随其后的是其他知名度较低的人 next to others less celebrated.
争夺领土的竞争可能会很激烈 Competition can be fierce for territory,
食物和交配的权利 food, and rights to mate.
永无止境的旅程不堪重负 Neverending journeys are endured,
充满挑战的障碍 beset with challenging obstacles.
水世界拥有令人惊叹的美丽和高度的戏剧性 Water worlds boast stunning beauty and high drama.
这就是大自然的多样性 生机勃勃 无拘无束 Here is nature in all her diversity, vigorous and unbound.
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东非平原上的捕食者和猎物 Predator and prey on the plains of East Africa...
在这场狩猎的戏剧中 两人都扮演着自己的本能角色 Both play their instinctive roles in the drama of the hunt.
通常情况下 猎人并不成功 More often than not, the hunter is unsuccessful.
为了在这里繁衍生息 捕食者必须保持对猎物的隐形 To thrive here, predators must remain invisible to prey
直到发动攻击的时候 until it's time to strike.
在广袤的非洲大陆 在其东岸 In the vast continent of Africa, on its eastern shores,
位于坦桑尼亚的国家 lies the country of Tanzania,
在这个地方 大自然用她慷慨的要求做赌注 a place where nature stakes her generous claim.
它史诗般的荒野地区 Its epic wilderness areas
是一群令人震惊的生物的家园 are home to an astonishing cast of creatures
总部设在塞伦盖蒂生态系统 based in the Serengeti ecosystem.
大量的猎物 它们的大量存在 With a surfeit of prey, whose presence in large numbers
是由季节决定的 猎人的选择是被宠坏的 is dictated by the seasons, hunters are spoiled for choice.
只需要很少的事情就可以惊吓到一群处于高度戒备状态的牛群 It takes very little to spook a herd, ever on high alert.
草丛中看不见的沙沙声 An unseen rustle in the grass
引爆了一小批逃逸的身体 detonates a small explosion of fleeing bodies.
在移动中 大迁徙的鹿群正在寻找 On the move, the great migrating herds are seeking
它们自己的营养以新鲜的草的形式存在 their own nourishment in the form of fresh grasses.
即使在没有从事狩猎的时候 Even when unengaged in hunting,
仅仅是一只大猫的出现就足以让一大群猫感到担忧 the mere presence of a big cat is enough to worry a large herd.
众所周知 猫会玩弄它们的食物 Cats are known to play with their food.
母狮的高度专注会带来爆炸性的承诺 A lioness's intense focus leads to an explosive commitment.
但狩猎是一种数字游戏 一只孤零零的母狮 But hunting is a numbers game, and a lone lioness
五次中有四次会失败 will fail four times out of five.
让猎人的生活充满挑战 Making a hunter's life challenging
是季节性大火 are the seasonal fires.
一片没有草、烧焦的平原无处藏身 A grassless, scorched plain offers nowhere to hide
这对追赶者和被追求者都是一个问题 an issue for both the pursuer and the pursued.
猎人的成功取决于许多因素 A hunter's success is dependent on a number of factors.
其中之一就是猎物的适合性 One of these is the fitness of the prey.
另一个是猎人的数量 Another is the number of the hunters...
这种猎豹联盟没有任何优势 There is no advantage for this coalition of cheetahs
四个人都从同一个角度靠近 with all four approaching from the same angle.
猎豹 最快的陆地哺乳动物 Cheetahs, the fastest land mammal,
只能保持高速度 can only maintain high speeds
在短时间内 因为担心过热 for a short time, for fear of overheating.
身材矮小的母狮在盐碱地上冒险 The stockier lioness ventures onto a salt plain
寻找黑斑羚的栖息地 in search of resident impala.
独自一人 她作为猎人的身份受到了损害 Alone, she is compromised as a hunter.
如果她的猎物合适 它也太快了 抓不住 If her prey is fit, it is also too fast to catch.
她需要一个狩猎伙伴 She needs a hunting partner.
猎豹联盟缺乏经验 The cheetah coalition is inexperienced
还在练习独自狩猎 and still practicing solitary hunting.
年轻人和弱势群体首先成为目标 The young and the vulnerable are targeted first.
一头孤独的猎豹在狩猎方面的成功在很大程度上取决于 A solitary cheetah's success at hunting largely depends
关于它离猎物有多近 on how close it can get to the prey
在开始追逐之前 before starting its chase.
当你跑错时间的时候 When you've mistimed your run,
你最不需要的就是观众 the last thing you need is an audience.
有着可怕的名声 With a fearsome reputation,
水牛角被广泛认为 the Cape Buffalo is widely regarded
作为非洲最危险的动物之一 as one of the most dangerous animals in Africa.
凭借其相当大的体积、力量和致命的角 With its considerable bulk, strength, and lethal horns,
它并不完全符合猎物的类别 it doesn't neatly fit into the category of prey,
但猎物只对一个捕食者有效 but prey it is to only one predator
在塞伦盖蒂生态系统中 here in the Serengeti ecosystem.
为了让猎杀水牛取得成功 And to make a success of a buffalo hunt,
团队合作是必不可少的 teamwork is essential.
缺乏经验和不协调的幼狮几乎没有机会 Inexperienced and uncoordinated young lions stand little chance
穿透那堵肌肉墙 瞄准年轻人 of penetrating that wall of muscle to target the young.
在角马群中有一种备受诟病的捕食者 Amongst the wildebeest herds is a muchmaligned predator
谁的狩猎技巧 whose hunting technique
不包括窒息的洁净度 doesn't include the neatness of a suffocation.
斑点鬣狗活生生地吃掉它们体型较大的猎物 Spotted hyenas eat their larger prey alive.
人们仍然认为鬣狗主要是食腐动物 It's still believed that hyenas are primarily scavengers,
但狮子从鬣狗猎物中觅食 but lions scavenge from the hyena kills
而不是相反的情况 more than the other way around.
因为它们有共同的领土和猎物 Because of their shared territories and prey,
他们正处于直接竞争之中 they are in direct competition with each other.
但没有鬣狗会与水牛角竞争 But no hyena would take on a Cape Buffalo.
这是专家们的独一无二的工作 That's a singular job for the experts.
从相对安全的牛群中解脱出来 Breaking from the relative safety of the herd,
攻击性是水牛的主要策略 aggression is the buffalo's primary tactic.
但只要有最微小的机会 But given the tiniest opportunity,
母狮寻找一个脊椎咬合的抓手 the lioness seeks a spinal bite hold.
正常的猎狮任务主要是雌性 Normal lion hunts are primarily female assignments,
活动结束后由男性接手 with the male taking over after the event.
但在某些情况下 雄性会发挥出相当大的重量 But in some instances, the males pull their considerable weight.
兽群赶走了增援部队 The herds oust the reinforcements.
狮子会窒息猎物 Lions will suffocate their prey,
与其说是出于礼貌 不如说是安全措施 more a safety measure than a courtesy.
一旦死亡 这些角就不会造成任何伤害 Once dead, those horns can do no damage.
像这样的大猎物可以让骄傲的肚子填满很多天 A big kill like this can fill pride bellies for many days.
在一些地区 狮子已经成为猎杀大型猎物的习惯 In some areas, lions have made hunting large prey a rule
而不是例外 rather than an exception.
成年长颈鹿可以由经验丰富的团队来对付 Adult giraffes can be taken on by an experienced team,
但是 为什么要在小规模如此容易抓住的情况下扩大规模呢？ but why go large when small is such an easier catch?
幼年长颈鹿的死亡率很高 Giraffe young have a high mortality rate.
50%到75%的小牛犊 Between 50 to 75% of calves
不要活到成年 don't make it to adulthood.
成年长颈鹿的主要防御武器是它的腿 An adult giraffe's main defensive weapons are its legs.
一脚踢得恰到好处 可以杀死一头狮子 One wellaimed kick can kill a lion.
但就像大多数被捕食的动物一样 人类的第一本能是奔跑 But as with most prey animals, the first instinct is to run.
年轻的长颈鹿跟不上它们长腿的父母 The young giraffe cannot keep up with their longerlegged parent,
所以他们采用了一种生存策略 so they've adapted a survival strategy.
父母领着幼崽离开了 The parent leads the young calf away...
一旦距离威胁足够远 Once far enough from the threat,
两个人分开了 小牛躲了起来 the two split up, and the calf hides...
...不幸的是 还不够好 ...unfortunately, not well enough.
母亲 太远了 什么也做不了 The mother, too far away, can do nothing.
被拖到阴暗处 赏金由母狮分享 Dragged into shade, the bounty is shared by the lioness
以及她自己的后代 and her own offspring.
多年的母爱 瞬间烟消云散 Years of maternal care, snuffed out in an instant.
火烈鸟的大量聚集 Giant concentrations of flamingos
享受富含矿物质的温泉的好处 enjoy the benefits of mineral rich hot springs.
一对金丝雀在羊群的郊外捕食 A pair of Golden Jackals preys on the outskirts of the flocks,
希望抓住一个粗心大意的流浪者 hoping to snag an unwary wanderer.
胡狼是机会主义的猎人 精明而执着 Jackals are opportunistic hunters, canny and persistent.
但这不是埋伏的地方 But this is not the terrain for an ambush.
半掩半掩的狼现在正等着过路人 Half concealed, the Jackal now waits for a passerby.
鳍脚的飞溅足以说明问题 会引发行动 Telltale splashes of webbed feet incite action...
在一片金合欢森林附近 Near an acacia forest,
迁徙的鹿群已经安顿下来 the migratory herds have settled,
但捕食者的存在 but the presence of predators
仍然让他们活着 still keeps them on their hooves.
在三周的时间里 During a threeweek period,
平原上的漫游者们停顿了足够长的时间 the wanderers of the plains pause long enough
来孕育下一代 to give birth to the next generation.
据信 名副其实的小牛过剩 It's believed that the veritable glut of calves
这意味着没有捕食者可以破坏种群 means that no predator could dent the population,
给幸存的大多数人一个成长的机会 giving the surviving majority a chance to grow up.
每年这个时候打猎 Hunting at this time of the year
不是像往常那样磨练的技巧 is not the honed skill it usually is.
牛群膨胀了多达50万头小牛 The herds swell by up to half a million calves.
狮子和鬣狗能拿走什么就拿走什么 Lions and hyenas take what they can,
但角马靠数量来维持生存 but the wildebeest endure by weight of numbers.
汤姆森瞪羚幼鹿也在这个时候到达 Thomson gazelle fawns also arrive at this time.
但尽管它以羊群为诱饵 But despite its herd baiting,
这头猎豹的目标是成年雄性汤姆森 the cheetah has designs on the adult Thomson male.
猎豹在狮子和鬣狗不活跃的地区狩猎 Cheetahs hunt in areas where lions and hyenas are inactive.
它惊人的速度令人叹为观止 Its phenomenal speed is breathtaking.
它的技术包括绊倒逃跑的瞪羚 Its technique includes tripping the fleeing gazelle
带着强大的魔爪 with a strong dewclaw
然后 就像狮子一样 让它窒息 and then, like the lion, suffocating it.
在一次追逐之后 猎豹必须恢复几分钟 After a chase, the cheetah has to recover for many minutes
在进食之前 before feeding.
角马开始了它们新的行军 The wildebeest start their new march,
大规模的移民运动 a massive migratory movement
它继续着它无尽的旅程 that continues its endless journey passed on
代代相传 from one generation to the next.
有时 他们会因内斗而分心 Sometimes, distracted with infighting amongst themselves,
他们可能没有注意到一个更大的问题正向他们走来 they may fail to notice a bigger problem coming their way.
母狮独自一人 但她的时机是一流的 The lioness is alone, but her timing is first class,
水给了她轻微的优势 the water giving her a slight advantage...
猎猫是一个分三步走的过程 Hunting catstyle is a threestep process...
那里有柄 以尽可能接近猎物 There's the stalk, to get as close to the prey as possible
在不被人发现的情况下 without being seen...
然后是承诺 对猎物的加速... Then the commitment, acceleration towards the prey...
然后就是旅行或诱捕 And then there's the trip or the catch.
狩猎是迄今为止最令人兴奋的活动 Hunting is by far the most thrilling event
在大自然的奇观中 in the wonders of nature.
空中捕食者 比如这只秃鹫 Aerial predators, like this marabou stork,
扑向它们预定的猎物火烈鸟 descend on their intended prey flamingos.
鹤的大一点的雏鸟仍然依赖于 The stork's older chicks are still reliant
向它们的父母索要食物 on their parent for food.
像所有的捕食者一样 它会估量情况 Like all predators, it sizes up the situation,
如果有更容易的猎物 and if there is easier prey available,
它会毫不犹豫地利用这一点 it won't hesitate to take advantage of that.
它的目标是一只几乎不会飞的年轻火烈鸟 Its target, a young flamingo barely capable of flight.
巨大的迁徙群体看起来像一个巨大的 The great migratory herds appear as one enormous,
把大量的身体拖到安全的地方 shuffling mass of bodies where safety lies in vast numbers.
但总会有那些愚蠢到打破常规的人 But there will always be those foolish enough to break ranks.
由四只雄性猎豹组成的联盟已经知道 The coalition of four male cheetahs has learned
如何最好地攻击 how best to attack
一次一个 然后收敛 one at a time and then convergence.
猎物上有四只猎豹 With four cheetahs on the kill,
正在下降的秃鹫不会试图强行进入 the descending vultures won't try to muscle in,
但会聚集在一起等待轮到他们 but will gather and wait their turn.
对于平原上的所有动物来说 水是必不可少的 Essential to all animals on the plains is water.
水坑点缀着这片风景 Water holes punctuate the landscape,
以及猎物和捕食者 and both prey and predator
被它们吸引是为了生存和机会 are drawn to them for survival and opportunities.
对于捕食者来说 这是一个完美的猎场 It's a perfect hunting ground for predators.
一头迷茫的小牛被水束缚住了 A confused calf is hampered by the water...
...并付出终极代价 ...and pays the ultimate price.
一小群格兰特和汤姆森瞪羚 A small group of Grants and Thomson's gazelles
与一只哺乳的小鹿静静地吃着草 with a suckling fawn graze quietly.
小鹿跑不过猎豹.. The fawn cannot outrun a cheetah...
当猎豹靠近时 小鹿飞快地寻找掩护 As the cheetah closes in, the fawn darts for cover.
母亲可以抱着最好的希望 The mother can hope for the best...
这个希望很快就破灭了 A hope that's soon dashed.
但在这里 生命被夺走是为了让其他人活下来 But here, lives are taken so that others may survive.
年轻人被带走是因为他们只是 The young are taken because they are simply
身体上不能躲避捕食者 not physically capable of avoiding predators.
但受伤的人更容易受到伤害 But the injured are even more vulnerable.
一只有轻伤的俯卧动物 A prone animal with a petty wound
可能会在时间上痊愈的人 从来没有那个时间 that may heal in time never has that time.
挑战很容易造成伤害 Injury can easily be caused by challenges
来自你自己的牛群 from your own herd.
雄性Tommies在领土和交配权上发生冲突 Male Tommies clash over territory and mating rights.
但持续的受伤可能会像号角一样响起 But a sustained injury can act like a clarion call
一种敏感的捕食者 to a sensitive predator.
有这样的伤害和这样的捕食者 With this kind of injury and this kind of predator,
只有一样东西可以拯救猎物.. only one thing can save the prey...
...更容易成为猎物 ...easier prey.
受伤的成年狼将与狼进行漫长而艰难的斗争 An injured adult will give the jackals a long and hard fight.
一个没有防备的年轻人不会持续短时间的追逐 An undefended youngster won't last a short chase.
小鹿的母亲象征性地进行了辩护 The fawn's mother puts up a token defense,
但她的小鹿在竞争中处于劣势 but her fawn is outmatched.
是从跟踪一个受伤的成年人开始的 What started with the stalking of an injured adult
以一顿较小的晚餐结束 ends in a smaller meal.
但对于这对狼来说 成功是相对的 But for the Jackal pair, success is relative.
小仍然是一顿饭 Small is still a meal.
裂谷地区几乎所有案例中的受伤情况 Injury in almost all cases in the Rift Valley
以迅速死亡告终 ends in a swift death.
猫总是表现出好奇心 Cats have always shown curiosity,
即使是紧张 当面对一些事情时 even nervousness, when faced with something
很少遇到.. rarely encountered...
一只受伤的秃鹰 ...an injured vulture.
小狮子的注意力被转移了 但不会持续太久 The young lion's attention is diverted, but not for long.
汤姆森瞪羚新妈妈的最后一件事 The last thing a new Thomson gazelle mother
想要的是男性的兴趣 wants is interest from a male.
吮吸形成了一个非常重要的纽带 Suckling forms an allimportant bond,
一个被有自己的目的的男性所忽视的 one ignored by a male with his own agenda.
没有它的母亲 幼崽的本能 Without its mother, a calf's instinct
就是在草地上安顿下来 is to settle in the grass.
它没有气味来暴露自己 It has no scent to give it away,
但狼是狡猾和足智多谋的 but Jackals are cunning and resourceful.
雌性很快就会生下幼崽 所以得到食物 The female will soon deliver cubs, so getting food
比平时更重要 is even more important than it normally is.
母亲的行为是一个外泄 The behavior of the mother is a giveaway...
附近有一只小鹿.. There is a fawn close by...
母亲的惊慌失措意味着 The mother's consternation means
她准备好为她的小牛而战了 she's ready to fight for her calf.
她加入了这场争斗 She joins the fray.
母亲的辩护是充满活力和活力的 The mother's defense is spirited and vigorous...
...但由于寡不敌众 结果从来没有悬念 ...but being outnumbered, the outcome was never in doubt.
猎物被整齐地分开 The prey is neatly divided,
防止被其他捕食者偷窃的保险 insurance against theft from other predators.
鬣狗从很远的地方就能闻到猎物的气味 Hyenas can smell a kill from a great distance.
住在附近的人很快就会到达 Those in the neighborhood arrive in no time.
一半总比没有好…… Half is better than none...
在进食后 剩下的猎物被埋葬 After feeding, the rest of the kill is buried
以备食物匮乏时使用 for when food is scarce.
她的搭档的工作是让竞争对手远离藏身处 Her partner's job is to keep the competition away from the cache.
任务完成了 Job done.
在大角马的行军中 在集体分娩期间 On the great wildebeest march, during the mass birthing period,
刚出生的角马幼崽数量最多 newborn wildebeest calves are at their most abundant
以及他们最脆弱的一面 and their most vulnerable.
捕食者只需付出很少的努力 Predators need to make little effort
在这个时候确保一顿饭的安全 to secure a meal at this time.
防御型母亲面临着一个严峻的选择 Defensive mothers face a stark choice.
角马妈妈知道自己在竞争中处于劣势 The wildebeest mother knows she's outmatched.
她的小腿几乎肯定要完蛋了 Her calf is almost surely doomed.
但没有窒息 也没有致命的咬伤 But there is no suffocation, no killing bite.
对于母亲来说 这是一种微妙的痛苦 An exquisite agony for the mother.
母狮可能因为猎物过多而饱足 The lioness may be full from a glut of prey,
出于本能 她被迫去打猎 and through instinct, she is compelled to hunt.
但小牛看起来更像是玩物 而不是潜在的食物 But the calf seems more of a plaything than a potential meal.
这只幼崽只有几个小时大 它自己的本能是与生俱来的 Only a few hours old, the calf's own instincts are hard wired,
但在这种情况下 可悲的是短路 but in this instance woefully shortcircuited
它开始在母狮身上留下印记 it starts to imprint on the lioness.
对母亲温暖抚摸和关怀的渴望 The desire for the warm touch and care of a mother
和吮吸的需要都已经就位了 and the need to suckle are all in place...
但是小牛没有意识到它的生命是任性的 But the calf is unaware that its life is at the whim
自然界最令人印象深刻的捕食者之一 of one of nature's most impressive predators.
它的运气肯定已经走到尽头了 Its luck has surely run its course...
但突然 一件让人分心的事 But suddenly, a distraction.
在种群内部 一个动作引起了捕食者的注意 Within the herd, a movement has caught the predator's eye.
有一瞬间 小牛被搞糊涂了 For a moment, the calf is bewildered.
对于它的母亲来说 希望仍然存在 For its mother, hope is still in play.
找到自己的脚步 一个原始的想法促使 Finding its feet, a primal thought prompts
这是唯一的生存策略！ its only survival tactic run!
一顿遗失的晚餐和一次难得的团聚 A lost meal and a rare reunion.
牛群继续前进 被各种各样的危险所困扰 The herds march on, beset by dangers as diverse
就像风景和天气一样 as the landscape and weather,
和那些捕食者一样狡猾 and as cunning as those predators
它们依靠自己的数量生存 that depend on their number for their own survival.
有更多的嘴巴要养活 饥饿的猎豹妈妈 With extra mouths to feed, a hungry cheetah mother
正在寻找她的下一个机会 is looking for her next opportunity.
冲撞格兰茨瞪羚既不年轻 也不受伤 The clashing Grants gazelles are neither young nor injured.
发动进攻需要巨大的饥饿感 It takes great hunger to motivate an attack
在这种体型的瞪羚身上 on a gazelle this size.
较年长的猎豹幼崽相互交战 The cheetah's older cubs engage,
但从技术上讲 寡不敌众 but being technically outnumbered
并不意味着这只瞪羚的机会变小了 doesn't mean this gazelle's chances have dwindled.
猎豹妈妈发现很难锁住喉咙 The cheetah mother is finding it hard to lock on to the throat.
猎物的力量是这次狩猎的关键因素 The prey's strength is the crucial factor in this hunt.
猎豹犯下了可怕的错误 The cheetah makes the terrible mistake
把自己放在两个角之间 of positioning herself between the horns...
一眨眼的功夫 猎物变成了捕食者 In the blink of an eye, prey becomes predator,
捕食者 猎物 predator, prey.
在一次强大的冲锋中 号角低了 In a mighty charge, horns low,
这只瞪羚注定要毁掉整个家庭 the gazelle has doomed an entire family.
这是一个会阻止她狩猎的伤口 It's a wound that will prevent her from hunting.
如果捕食者不捕猎 它们和它们的同伴就会死亡 If predators don't hunt, they and their charges die.
在大裂谷的壮丽景色中 In the splendor of the Rift Valley,
狩猎是一种多方面和复杂的行为 hunting is a multifaceted and complex act.
捕食者需要独特的技能 Predators require unique skill sets
从试错中学到的 learned through trial and error.
他们观察他们的父母如何对抗猎物 They observe how their parents fare against prey
它已经演变成不惜一切代价逃避抓捕 that has evolved to evade capture at all costs.
猎物与捕食者之间的关系 The relationship between prey and predator
是一种微妙的平衡行为 is a fine balancing act,
大自然的奇迹 a wonder of nature.
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