yly: So first of all, it says, I'm your young
yly: Professional of planetary science.
yly: Seems to me since change. Nice. Okay.
yly: The teaching assistant for these classes Danica Adams.
yly: So Danica say a few words about yourself.
Danica Adams: I'm gonna get Adams he three or third year grad student in planetary science. I mostly studied early Maurice and exoplanets mostly like hot Jupiter's
yly: Okay, thank you.
yly: And then we we are fortunate to have Dr. Stuart Barnett, who is a postdoc in astrobiology a Caltech.
yly: He has done cutting edge research and asked you about it. So he has kind of agreed to join this class to help with this teaching and as well as supervising
yly: Research projects because you will have to do a term project for this, but it's
yly: So stupid. See if you were to apply yourself.
Stuart Bartlett: Um, yeah. Hi, everyone. It's great to be here. I've enjoyed helping with this class in the past and
Stuart Bartlett: Astrobiology is my research focus and my sort of intellectual passion and
Stuart Bartlett: And I'm
Stuart Bartlett: Looking forward to getting to know all of you and
Stuart Bartlett: I always enjoy interacting with students because it helps helps us come up with new perspectives and new ways of looking at things and we always we always make great progress on the student projects. So I'm very happy to be helping out and looking forward to getting into the class.
yly: Thank you. Let's do it.
yly: Okay, so this is in the catalog.
yly: This is the contract, we are supposed to deliver in this class. So the reason why this cost is so interesting. This two questions.
yly: We
yly: Were been asking. I think for ages. Why are we here, and are we alone. Used to be.
yly: A problem in philosophy, if not in the Legion. Finally we have come at this most exciting moment in the human civilization. Okay, that we can actually address these questions using scientific method using the latest technology. Okay, we can
yly: Start to
yly: answer this questions.
yly: And
yly: And I have no doubt that one of you in the class will be inspired to pursue
This
yly: Most exciting and inspiring.
yly: Question face in the human knowledge. Okay, this is, this is the real frontier of human knowledge. Okay, and then SEC, and the exciting thing is, then we can do something about it.
yly: Okay, so this is the the class. Okay. And you can see the exciting part of it covers so many things. Okay, I'll cosmology. Okay. Origin of Life pendant very happy. The ability bio signature search for extraterrestrial intelligence and also
yly: Our own destiny. Our future in a universe. Okay.
yly: The
yly: So, so this cost, his son off like that because, obviously, we're not going to answer all those questions, but hopefully we can raise this questions. Okay. And there's a lot, which you will continue to pursue
yly: In your future.
yly: Learning and exploration
yly: Okay, so this is the contract. I have to deliver to Caltech.
yly: So,
yly: So basically this. This is our flyer. Okay, this is the hour.
yly: The advertisement for the for the class.
yly: In terms of emergence
yly: Day is the origin of life exoplanets, which is the frontier of knowledge in astronomy and unnecessary science.
yly: And out of course evolution, how we evolve from non life to life.
yly: So, so this is the the class of Wi Fi across which is very big for Caltech, I had to fix this schedule. Okay, which actually means it number of people cannot attend this class, even when they are on campus. Okay. And, of course, because of OB.
yly: We have people who are from home some very far away, so I
yly: Just discussed with Danica I'm willing to hold another hour and night to be chosen by the survey where I can go through the highlights of of the lecture in the across which, by itself, which will be taped. Okay, so you can if you missed this, you can go back and
yly: And hear this thing on tape and see this video.
yly: And then I will make all this material available to you after the class. Okay, but I will be willing to hold a evening session for the people who have for logistical reasons cannot attend this lecture, lecture. OK.
yly: OK, I have Sansa. This is a new field. Okay, so you are putting your own stamp on astrobiology ok you are helping to define this field. Okay, not just as someone. This is not something like quantum mechanics that was created 100 years ago.
yly: I will tell you exactly how it is more than as your biology was created.
yly: By the president of United States, and it was in a speech in 1996 which I will
yly: Show to the class and you can listen to that in my next lecture on Wednesday.
yly: Okay, so this is a very new feel okay so therefore you can put your stamp on it. Okay.
yly: So here are the according pillars of this class, you just heard.
yly: Our TA Danica Adams and our postdoc and astrobiology there's still with Ballarat I said not he two pillars.
yly: Of this class. The first one is
yly: Can use them.
yly: Can use in 20 years ago was the founding director of JPL for us to about four astrobiology
yly: JPL has a very large program, including space missions for astrobiology
yly: And
yly: Because JPL is part of NASA and space technology, even though JPL was created by Caltech and was formerly like a laboratory for our institute
yly: But today GPO has 6000 people is the world's leading center for the remote sensing and satellite operation.
yly: And then I can use and was brought in 20 years ago to be the founding director of astrobiology that's actually the time I first met him.
yly: And then we decided that we need young people, we need young black students and postdocs to drive this program. So that's why we created this class together.
yly: I subsequently for reasons I don't understand.
yly: He moved to USC.
yly: As a chair, Professor where he is currently working. So that was 20 years ago.
yly: Than five years ago, I have a remarkable student this Michael one Mike are you there.
yly: Oh,
Mike Wong (he/him): Hi, I'm here.
yly: Oh hi omega c minus there.
yly: Okay, I think, about five years ago. Michael one took my class, which I created 20 years ago.
yly: And then he was actually my first student in astrobiology most of my previous students are in planetary science.
yly: Microsoft one or two that he wants to do astrobiology and then very quickly, you know, far more. I still powder. He again. I did because he went to take classes in allergy crisis in
yly: In space technology that I know nothing about. So, so he wants to completely re, re, re invented this class. Okay. And it was
yly: fantastic success. And that's basically what the class is as a creative by him. About five years ago.
yly: He has actually is now a current a postdoc at the University of Washington and he has recently taught this class about a year ago all by himself and he kind of make our this latest material available.
yly: To us so. So these are what we call it the original pillars of this class.
yly: So he is send their logistics for this class.
yly: 20% of the grade will be based on homework. We have a short homework.
yly: About the once a week.
yly: Not every week, but roughly about once a week.
yly: To send a very simple homework, then the 20% is about attendance and participation, because a very important part of this class.
yly: Because you see, we are a
yly: very new field. Okay. Love is not he is
yly: very fluid. So, very important to participate in the discussion. Okay. And as I've said that you can help to shape the future.
yly: So the attendance and participation is very important and we leave flat that integrate. So 20% of it would be integrated you read our things your discuss things
yly: With us together.
yly: This of course poses a
yly: Synergistic difficulty.
yly: For people who cannot attendees lacquer a class so so Danny guy and I will work out.
yly: Additional time slots so that we can carry on with this people who can I append molecular lecture at least hour
yly: And the SEC at the end of the class.
yly: You know, to make a PowerPoint presentation for the project as and there's 10%. And finally, there's a term paper.
yly: Is a five page paper label your published in Nature and that will be about 30% of the optically. Okay, so, so, so this this is structure of the Great. The next one is the office hour
yly: Which happened will will will determine Danny. Can you say a few words about your office. Our first
Danica Adams: Sure, I was planning to send out a survey to ask when you guys would be available. I think the homework will mostly be do on Fridays.
Danica Adams: So it might make sense to have an office hour, maybe on like Tuesday or Wednesday to ask for conceptual questions and then another office hour on Friday morning so that you have a chance to ask last minute questions.
yly: Okay.
yly: So, for
Me.
yly: I will let me do this survey. I'm waiting to keep this nightly discussion okay to go through the highlights entity sets with the students who miss this.
yly: Class at the last hour.
yly: Then this is a come to this project.
yly: Identical will come up with this list of projects.
yly: By the way, you can also bring your own projects.
yly: Okay, least are these projects. So since we have a lot of people in the class. It will be like a first come first serve. Yeah, the sign up for it now.
yly: We have
yly: Quite a lot of people in the class. I'm afraid CC and total amount of work will overwhelm Danica so I propose for the projects that people came up in groups of two or three
yly: Okay, so that, so that is the crust and I will be total say about 10 projects and then between me and Danica and Stuart. And by the way, is it. I haven't even had a large group of
yly: Graduate students and postdocs about 10 people so they can also help to supervise and up this projects in happened to overlap with the interest of my of the other members of my group.
yly: Okay, so the so the list of projects will be will be paid post
yly: Soon, and everything will be okay. We are now by necessity, then how completely paperless. Okay, everything will be on this web
yly: On this website.
yly: Okay, if you have any trouble any difficulty send
yly: Send an email. The most important thing on this website Danica put in
yly: My email and
yly: Stewart's email so that it's easy, and we will, in case of any questions they can always contact us. Okay. Yeah.
Danica Adams: I think they should be on the syllabus, but I'll double check there.
yly: Okay, okay.
yly: Okay, very good.
yly: Okay.
yly: I said this is a new field.
yly: So they are
yly: Not many books.
yly: However, there are a few um
yly: And I want to let mantis books.
yly: Okay, so my favorite as astrobiology this book by Professor Jonathan routine.
yly: Jonathan used to be a graduate student here he is now the professor at Cornell University. Okay, that's where the same department, we are Carl Sagan use to work and not only that he's now the chairman of the department. Now, now this spoken was
yly: More than a decade old
yly: And I have the
yly: Anomaly I will just reserve this book in the library and people can just borrow it.
yly: But now it. This is all the impractical. So what I will do is they are pulling his book.
yly: The order PDF files available again they see on our website and also be sure not to distribute this material.
yly: Because he has copyrights province, but given the circumstances.
yly: Is very hard for people to get this access this material safe water I broadly.
yly: So I put all the available material.
yly: On this
yly: On this website. OK, now the most exciting thing is that Jonathan is in the process of revising this book.
yly: Is not yet done he promised me or I'll be done at the end of last year. But as you can imagine, this is yes he is as the as the chairman of the department he has had a little
yly: Time left to to to revise this book, even though you have the assistance of Michael want to help him to do all this revision, unfortunately. Unfortunately, he he's, he's very kind and he said that he will send me all those revisions, as he finished it, and I have now like five chapters.
yly: Of of the of the new book. Okay, open, of course, is there along with all this old figures but a new book, The the the
yly: The first few chapters also available. He has one request. And it's the same request is sent to me last time, where he gave me
yly: This original the first edition. And it's the key thing feedback. The reason he kindly let us use because he said we teach a class, very much like the one that he is teaching a Cornell and causes his our former graduate student. He knows to see what
yly: What we're doing, and so he wants feedback. Okay.
yly: First of all, if there's any mistakes we should point out to him and also it is there something is missing because this few is so broad, okay, and then the range is so great. No one can no one
yly: can compose this entire face of knowledge, but there's no way. Okay, so therefore
yly: It will depend on people who
yly: Will fill in the holes or extend into an area which he has missed. Okay, so, so this is wonderful. Okay and covers all the topics we are interested in acting and a very, very fundamental level very much like what
yly: In the spirit of Caltech okay spiel Caltech as you notice this activity. Always do things at the most fundamental level, even for a subject which is exceedingly elusive and hard to define. Okay, so, so this is the best shot at the I know
yly: Trying to define astrobiology and then provide this basic knowledge. Okay. So yeah, especially fortunate because
yly: Because of our connection to to professional routine.
yly: The next bill. I recommend is Sarah Sega she is a professor
yly: At MIT and she wrote this book exoplanet atmosphere. A couple of years ago. So we want to find out about the exoplanet. This is the book.
yly: The next two books.
yly: One is by me for the chemistry or planetary atmospheres. That is my field of research and everything I know is in this book.
yly: Young and the more the more was my colleague at JPL is a chemist. So I studied the chemistry of atmospheres.
yly: Presumably this chemistry will lead to the
yly: Basis, but the origin of life.
yly: And it is a nice book by
yly: Catherine and casting David Catherine is the professor, University of Washington.
yly: Jim casting is a professor at Penn State University. They wrote this van is an atmosphere, the evolution on inhabited and lifeless well
yly: So this point is more on climate change, as you know, is this climate.
yly: It's important to define will be called the habitable zone. So that's what the emphasis is so Michael is on chemistry. And then this. The other book is on climate change.
yly: We are an integral part of NASA astrobiology
yly: A main part of course is space technology.
yly: Because we are exploring the frontier of human knowledge through
yly: Space Technology and NASA is leading the charge. And then the other thing, of course.
yly: Is our close connection to JPL. We are a lot of this. The high tech is developed at the end.
yly: Put into space.
yly: Now,
yly: Because NASA
yly: is driving this
yly: I must say right now.
yly: Maybe half of all NASA
yly: is devoted to ask you about energy, especially the latest and the most exciting missions. So we're talking about. You see, NASA. NASA budget is about $15 billion a year. So you're talking about easily talking about more than $5 billion per year of investment in this area.
yly: And
yly: Certain in this is a major, major power the funding.
yly: For Michael to pursue this to pursue this area.
yly: So, um,
yly: So the goals of NASA
yly: Something we have to pay attention to. Okay, so here it is.
yly: Okay, NASA have three fundamental goes for astrobiology
yly: So the first one is, how does life begin and you walk
yly: Okay.
yly: The reason is that you see.
yly: We all believe the physics is universal.
yly: We all believe the chemistry is universal.
yly: Then now the question is, is, is biology universal
yly: Is the life that we know on our planet is a common
yly: Or is it very rare.
yly: We don't know the answer yet. But I think we're going to find out this answer very soon. Okay, so this style first go okay
yly: So the next, next question is related that's lively exists elsewhere in the universe that is beyond the Earth is the extra terrestrial life.
yly: And then number three.
yly: And it's a challenge we are facing what is, what is the future of life on the Earth and beyond. Now one key.
yly: I challenge.
yly: Is that the
yly: How stable.
yly: Is like how stable is human civilization.
yly: This will be actually addressed in a
yly: Lecture. This week on Friday. Okay, so, so, so, so, so, so we are concerned about not just about life find life elsewhere but but what is the future of life on our planet.
yly: So we have this free goals.
yly: So for me, rate can delay the detailed questions which are all shown here.
yly: Yeah, okay. So these are the 10 detailed questions.
yly: One.
yly: Understand how life arose on earth to determine the general principles governing the organization of matter into living system free explore how life evolves on the miraculous okay nice Mo and ecosystem level.
yly: And for determine how the terrestrial biosphere has co evolved with the earth.
yly: And five establish the limits of life in environments that provide analogs for conditions on other worlds.
yly: The six determine from the detailed study of planets and moons in our solar system. What makes the planet habitable determine whether there is or once was life elsewhere in our solar system.
yly: Seven determine how to recognize the signature of happy the ability on exoplanets. And so moons.
yly: Eight. How to Detect live on exoplanets. And so mean. So moons.
yly: Nine determine how ecosystems respond to Mr mental change on time skills relevant to human life on Earth.
yly: And finally, can
yly: Understand the response of terrestrial life to conditions in space or other planets.
yly: Okay, so you'll see a couple of very broad range we have will devote special times maybe whole week to the discussion of some of those topics. Okay, so you see as it goes from very fundamental question i the origin of life to exploration
yly: Of the solar system like
yly: Building a space station on the moon or
yly: Landing humans on Mars. Okay, so these are all
yly: This detail questions raised by NASA
yly: So here's the class assignment. This is my homework. Okay, so this is an informal class discussion. So you think about it. Okay, so, so, so write something, send it to Danica an identical will
yly: Show some of these things.
yly: When we meet
yly: Next time on Wednesday, and there's for each of these 10 scientifically questions right briefly about your interest and what wish to learn
yly: And then to list your uncle's our question is, in addition to NASA list there may be a lot more events that you would like to know, so you can list them.
yly: And and and that really sounds interesting.
yly: I and Danica and Stuart will be happy to explore them happy take out some material for our discussion or else will we be really interested you can push yourself out those new questions your own questions in a project.
yly: So I want to save this thing and then at the end of this class when we come to the end of the class will come back to this list and CC about these 10
yly: Questions. What we have learned
yly: And then what we should do to move on. Okay.
yly: So finally, yeah. I especially I have to thank all these people for helping us to put this together.
yly: Okay, I think that's all I have.
yly: So Danica you have anything to add to ask
Danica Adams: I don't have any additions, but I'll just remind everyone, one more time. There will be one survey about your availability for office hours and then a second survey.
Danica Adams: About what the only applies to people who can't make it live. So probably doesn't apply to if you're here, but it will be about the extra discussion at night. If you're able to make that
yly: A stool.
Stuart Bartlett: Not mean excuse me another word for my side.
yly: Since Michael is here.
yly: And Michael is responsible for
yly: We inventing this class.
yly: So Michael, you want to say a few words.
Mike Wong (he/him): Sure. Yeah. Well, I guess it's it's really awesome that I'm able to join in, in this fashion virtually and come along for the ride.
Mike Wong (he/him): The great thing about Astrobiology is that not only is it a very new field, but it's also very fast moving field.
Mike Wong (he/him): So the actual content of the class changes on yearly timescales, so you'll be learning things this year that I couldn't have taught, two years ago, for instance.
Mike Wong (he/him): When I taught it in 2018 at Caltech, I guess that's three years ago now, because it's 21 anyway um yeah it's, yeah. It's really amazing.
Mike Wong (he/him): How fast this moves and and so yeah I'm, I'm happy to be joining for the ride and also will be giving a guest lecturer down the road in March.
Mike Wong (he/him): If you ever want to chat about astrobiology again. It's one of my favorite subjects. You can shoot me an email and we can talk. I probably won't offer my services for helping you with homework.
Mike Wong (he/him): But if you just want to talk about anything that's interest interesting to you further, we can always do that. Yeah.
yly: Yeah, thank you Michael for joining guys
yly: You must know as you see a
yly: You I'm no longer paying you
yly: And your full time job. Oh, I want to make sure whatever you do for us. Your boss will not get mad. Okay.
yly: So any
yly: Questions from the class.
Jocelyn Reahl (she/her): There are some questions in the chat. I did not ask them personally but just as a heads up.
yly: Okay.
Danica Adams: So Anna asks, when will the term project topics be published and when should we find out return. Oh, should we sign up for term projects with the group in mind or both groups be formed on topic interests.
yly: Yeah, because you you already have a list of at least 10 projects. Is that right,
Danica Adams: I have the list from 2018 and then I think Stuart and I came up with a few extra ideas, but should I post those
yly: Yeah, I think, well, first of all,
yly: We can obviously add new things. Okay, and some of them already done or, you know, obsolete. We can we can delete them. Okay. But we can post them first and then just give them a taste of what they are, what his projects are like
yly: And. And by the way, you're welcome to as you go along in the class, and you'll find out particular subjects that you are interested in you can pick your own time projects, especially if you happen to be a student in in
yly: In GPs have maybe there's something some research you are working on yourself and you can use
yly: This material. This area to be the subject of your capital.
Danica Adams: Is about asked to build the slides be posted on campus. And yes, they will be
yly: Yeah so. So the first thing I want to know is how many people are actually on campus. And how many people
yly: Are way and and then for those people who are way. What kind of time zone, they are in. So that is an idea of the
yly: Of the demographics and space time distribution for this class.
yly: So can people just send in
yly: Some ways that you can send in this information through the chat is the right. I think the easiest way is to send a chat to me or to Danica
yly: Okay, a look. I think this waiting for this information, any
yly: Question. Other questions.
Katelyn Radford: Yeah, just out of curiosity, what, what form to the projects tend to take. Are they like a lab based project. Usually, or are they something that is just like a, you know, read, read stuff when we come up with interesting ideas about something like what what form they usually take
yly: I think it's mostly exploring some
yly: New ideas, maybe based on
yly: recent publications
yly: And then there's something I think it's mostly reveal maybe its large portion of it is Livio of critical review of the subject matter and then they see
yly: You, they have some new ideas, explore some new ideas, you're not expected to do a new research for this class because they will be beyond the scope. We are definitely not doing experiments, although we were planning, we're thinking about that, and that is that is the
yly: guest lecture by the lovely batch fun at JPL and she would tell us about chemical gardens and and and she is telling us that she made
yly: Used to be. It's very easy. You can come to the class and then she will put all the things in front and then you'll come in and then you to do some
yly: Interesting testing, but this is longer.
yly: Viable this quarter. So she is thinking about sending us sending everyone has some chemical kits that you can do perform this home okay we haven't decided yet how practical it is and how we can bail out this fence or whether we are allowed to make to mail this kind of chemicals.
yly: In the mail. So we are in the middle of exploring that maybe we can give an example of a term project, maybe Danica can say something about some sample.
yly: Project
Danica Adams: Yeah, I'll pull up the list, while I'm doing that. I can tell you guys, but I did in 2018 I looked at the production of nitrates in HD and it early Mars because those are Astro biologically relevant species.
So let's see.
Hristos Courellis: Sorry, just to clarify, so did you propose new chemical pathways by which this could have taken place, or did you do modeling on this. What, what went into your project.
Danica Adams: Great question. So I run the code called Thea which is chemical equilibrium with applications. So it was like a quick program by just confused thermal chemical equilibrium to do that.
Stuart Bartlett: I can also mention a potential projects that might come from my side. So I've been working with a collaborator in France on some chemistry actually their reaction to fusion simulations we want to try and
Stuart Bartlett: Find scenarios where chemical structures are capable of learning and
Stuart Bartlett: So my collaborator is a software engineer and a by profession among and also
Stuart Bartlett: Incidentally, a great Astro great science communicator. But anyway, he's developed a software package.
Stuart Bartlett: I believe it's in the unity framework so unity is this
Stuart Bartlett: software package for designing games, but it's also because it uses GPUs and it's very powerful. It's quite good for scientific simulations as well. So, so that project would involve
Stuart Bartlett: Using the Unity package which which David has developed and experimenting with our reaction diffusion simulations to explore conditions under which chemical structures are capable of learning. So that would that would be kind of tinkering with like a unity based
Stuart Bartlett: Simulation package essentially
yly: Yeah, thank you.
yly: Danica and do it. Yeah, I can. I mentioned project.
yly: That I'm very much
yly: Interested
yly: Analysis here.
yly: We, we have observations from the atmosphere of Titan, which is the morn of Saturn and we have all those very complex.
yly: Chemicals including earring compound which is fencing.
yly: And
yly: Part of my research and my group is to
yly: Study the chemical pathways for the formation of benzene in an atmosphere of Payton on. Now you said well we have Cassini which was there for 20 years and and ended, three years ago.
yly: And how can we test some of these ideas. Well, there's a there's a new mission call Jacqueline fry. They will fly in Nepal, maybe eight years.
yly: And it will go there.
yly: And it will be
yly: This will be
yly: An airplane this in the atmosphere is why it's called dragon fry and then it will actually
yly: fly around and make all these measurements and then test of whether some of this chemistry is correct or not. Yeah, then I have another project.
yly: Which we just publish a paper in Nature Communications, which will appear. Anytime the paper is impress, and then this is where we study the party sulfur in the atmosphere of villains.
yly: The MLC a Venus, very similar to the earth, except that it has 1000 times more Silva Tandy. So this is a great way to study.
yly: The cell phone chemistry because there's so much self on Venus and he says, Why is it relevant to us. Well, I also believe
yly: The sofa used to be extremely important in the Earth's atmosphere and kill the rise of oxygen about 2 billion years ago.
yly: So, you know, as a sofa used to be the old king for good. And then he says, yeah, we have oxygen and oxygen become the new King and. But this is only half of the age of dependent. The previous half of dependent
yly: The chemistry is dominated by software we know very little about that except that nature, give us this
yly: MSP of Venus that we can study and try to back out what happened and feel billion years ago, possibly will happen if you'll be years ago on
yly: Yeah, so this is a fun, actually. By the way of studying all the other planets in the solar system. And then, of course, recently, even more exciting. We can study artists exoplanets. Okay, so it greatly extended the scope of human knowledge to systems that are vastly different or the systems.
yly: There were
yly: No longer
yly: In existence on Earth about
yly: Peak because we are born too late. Okay. But those action words may have been preserved.
yly: In the other panelists and in other exoplanets. So then I think it's exciting part of of this area that is not only knowing about us. You see, and our planet, but what it was before, and was before us and that was it for
yly: The modern
yly: Era has has taken over. Okay, so, so, so basically like to me. Okay, you know, other things I've learned over the years, the greatness experience when I was studying mathematics was that you
yly: In the beginning you only study the real line.
yly: That is the real variables. Okay, from zero to infinity.
yly: On this one real line okay and alien CCS someone invented this complex variable, okay, you cannot extend the fund this one line okay to the whole complex pain.
yly: Is unthinkable. When you think about okay, there's a theorem that says if we have a function to match all the points on the real line, it will uniquely defined this function in the entire complex when
yly: Both in the imaginary access and into the negative access which may not have correspondence to the real observable world but but this will exist and this will happen is there by what they call analytic continuation okay and and when I think about it, and most most
yly: To me, the most fantastic consequence of that.
yly: Is quarter mechanics, because, kind of like hands. You can see in a real world, but there's only one piece of it. Okay, but quite a mechanic's in whilst you see this this complex world that you cannot see. But it's there.
yly: So that's exactly what happened to us because we are now on we are locked. You see, like, to the real
yly: Life where you know you can catch him. He can see okay but the world consists much more than that. The world actually is is much bigger in space and time, a covering. In fact, the entire complex pain.
yly: Okay, and no cause since then. People have generalized the repetition. So good generalize it to say four dimensions is the one I mentioned to to dimension, the fourth dimension. And now, of course, they have extended to can dimension.
yly: Because of the
yly: Super string theory. Okay. So, all those things. You can see, okay, but it must be there. Okay. Because of this film. I just mentioned that this power of analytic continuation okay that from what you can see, you see, you can back out.
yly: What you cannot see and
yly: echo what was there long time before. Okay. Yeah. So here's the amazing part I'm still amazed. Every time I think about
yly: How human knowledge, how, how this knowledge, the structure of knowledge is below. It's a complete mystery to me. Exactly. I know it's true. And it's wonderful.
yly: Okay, yeah. So, so that's what we're getting into. Okay. So every time I prepared this class, I always get excited now because this is a new material which is continually continuously a challenge, but because it forced me to think about deeper issues that I normally
yly: Do I have time to think about because I have all kinds of other duties to do
yly: It's very hard to set aside time to address much deeper philosophical questions. Okay, so it had project allows you to
yly: Go in two directions, a pro explore things you normally do not
yly: Have the time or patience to to do it.
yly: So getting this is everything is recorded, and it's available. How do people
yly: Accessing they can just lock on to the website and
yly: Then create on something and then it will come out. All you have to demonstrate how the system.
Danica Adams: I can log into Canvas and then you click zoom and then you click cloud recordings
yly: Ah, okay, okay, okay. So okay, so you have gotten our city bus everyone got a syllabus from the
yly: Front of cameras.
yly: So you guys all have a copy of the of the syllabus from the cameras that. Okay. Very good. Very good. Very good. Okay, so you can get. Okay. If you have any questions.
yly: Asked
yly: Asked Danica
yly: But Danica. What about for the people who are
yly: teaching this class today have permission to go into cameras.
Danica Adams: At. That's why we had to officially registered them as an auditor in it.
yly: Yeah, again you see things have completely change it used to be. I mean, you can just show up for the cross and yeah and all
yly: I have to say it's okay for you to audit. Okay, but now because you are online and now you have to get into some of those
yly: What do we call it restricted material. Okay, how can he wants to keep it can't control that. And therefore, even for people who are taking the class, you need to register analysis, you had to go through go through Caltech, to be able to do so. Yeah, I'm sorry for the inconvenience, but the
yly: Pay as you know CCM we are actually forced to evolve into a new culture and your way of doing business in ways that we have never anticipated.
yly: And I think that's actually the challenge of evolution. Okay. The evolution continues to force us to make changes. Okay, whether we like it or not, and
yly: We're not going to go back the way it was before.
yly: And then, the most important thing, which I still always told me about the
yly: Will of the biosphere and that is biology benefits from
yly: Mistakes from disasters, where as you see here, human intelligence. We are nice good artificial intelligence is nice. Nice. Good. Because there's a back in my code. The code die. Okay. But there's a back
yly: Your gene.
yly: You may or may not die. But you survive, you will be actually better off because the palace vs. Learn how to cope with this new challenge. And I think that's what we are facing.
yly: Facing and challenge.
yly: Previously, no one has fought about, okay, we are forced into this cyber world.
yly: Probably is. And report we are forced into a probably five or 10 years ahead of his time. Yeah, that was what is happening now this year or in
yly: The pattern of last year.
yly: will probably happen in a decade. Okay. If you leave you alone, but
yly: Because of something out of our control. We are now forced into it. So at other things is, here we are still on a trial basis. And that's why I think it's extremely important that we are flexible and adaptable and I'm winning collect that put this new
yly: This new will. Okay.
yly: So then you can you make all these books available.
yly: Already on the on cameras.
Danica Adams: post it to Canvas, but not publish because I was worried about the copyright, is that okay
yly: Okay, as long as this year we we are the respect this on the cold. Okay. Yeah. Okay.
Danica Adams: Then I'll probably slim today.
Okay. Okay. Yeah. Okay.
yly: Yeah, I think it's high enough, the
yly: Doing this, this is now online this way and other one who don't make life harder than
yly: Necessary.
yly: Yeah. Eventually, I actually do recommend it, especially when especially when Jonathan's book is
yly: Their device book is published, highly recommend if you're serious about this subject, highly recommend you get a copy of this book, which is something when I did myself, even though I have all these chapters I have other chapters.
yly: That he gave me before he published this book I eventually bought a copy of this book on my put it on my shelf.
yly: And and once a while I will pull it out and start reading this book, which I enjoyed tremendously about but this figures I have that he sent me
yly: Either our regional high density figures which are much better than the ones that's in the book. So if you want to make a PowerPoint. Okay. You want the the best high density figures. Those are all in the in the files that I will give you
yly: Okay. Further questions.
yly: Okay if know plenty of questions. So let people or time is up. After let people come back to the to go to another class, go back, let's go to have lunch.
yly: Okay, so, Danny. Can you stay on for a minute.
yly: OK.
OK.
yly: OK. OK. OK. Bye.
yly: Thank you. So see you on Wednesday.