Maya提供了许多不同的方式来查看视口中的对象 您可以在阴影模式下查看它们 就像我们在这里一样 或者您可以使用纹理以线框模式查看它们 有许多不同的方式来查看视口 Lynda中文网(www.lynda-cn.com) Maya offers a number of different ways to view the objects in your viewport, you can view them in shaded mode, like we have here, or you can view them in wireframe mode with textures, there is a number of different ways to look at the viewports.
所以我们来看看如何配置视口 Lynda中文网(www.lynda-cn.com) So let's take a look at how to configure viewports.
现在我们要了解的第一件事就是每个视口都有自己的菜单 Lynda中文网(www.lynda-cn.com) Now the first thing we want to understand is that each viewport has its own menu.
所以如果我从这个透视视口中去 只需点击空格键 你会看到它实际上把我带入了一个四面体视图 你可以看到这个四面体视图中的每一个视口都有自己的菜单 So if I go from this perspective viewport and just tap the spacebar, you'll see that it actually brings me out into a quad view, you can see that each individual viewport in this quad view has its own menu.
所以如果我将鼠标放在这个透视视口上 再次点击空格键 你会看到它恢复 So if I place my mouse over this perspective viewport and hit the Spacebar again, you'll see that it comes back up.
现在我可以很容易地配置这个视口 只要进入着色选项 我们在这里有多个选项 Now I can configure this viewport very easily just by going into the Shading options, we have number of options here.
我们有光滑的阴影 这是我们正在看的 We have Smooth Shade all, which is what we're looking at.
我们还有Wireframe 它显示了线框中的对象 We also have Wireframe, which shows the object in wireframe.
我们也可以平面遮光所有的东西 这意味着它不会遮蔽曲线 我们可以在这里实际放大 你可以看到碗是如何刻面的 如果我们在这里做了一个光滑的阴影 你会看到那个碗顺利 We can also Flat Shade everything, which means it doesn't shade the curves, we can actually zoom in here, and you can see how the bowl is faceted, and if we did a Smooth Shade here, you'll see how that bowl is smooth.
我们也可以轻松地遮蔽所选项目 所以如果我选择一个特定的项目 只有该项目将被遮蔽 这真的可以帮助您 专注于场景中的特定对象 而无需将所有内容放入线框或阴影 We can also just Smooth Shade the Selected Items, so if I select a specific item, only that item will be shaded, and this can really help you, focus in on a specific object in the scene without having to put everything into wireframe or shaded.
我们也可以做所谓的“边界框” 它基本上只是将对象显示为框 We can also do what's called Bounding Box, which basically just shows you the objects as boxes.
另一个是被称为线框的线框 所以如果我做一个平滑的阴影所有 我也可以打开线框上的阴影 你可以看到它显示对象与他们的电线 这也可以是一个伟大的可视化工具 Another one is a called Wireframe on Shaded, so if I do a Smooth Shade All, I can also turn on Wireframe on Shaded, and as you can see it shows me the objects with the wires over them, and this can also be a great visualization tool.
我们也可以做所谓的X射线 什么X射线的作用是基本上只是部分地阴影的东西 所以你可以看到阴影如何发生 但也有一种像阴影和线框之间的一半 We can also do what's called X-Ray and what X-Ray does is it basically just partially shades things, so that way you can kind of see how the shading happens, but also it's kind of like halfway between shaded and wireframe.
再次 这些只是切换 所以我们可以打开或关闭它们 And again, these are just toggles, so we can turn them on or off.
现在 如果你想快速的在这些之间 你也可以使用一些键盘快捷键 Now if you want to quickly go between these, you can also use some keyboard shortcuts.
如果您按5键 则进入阴影模式 If you hit the 5 key, it goes to Shaded mode.
如果您按下4键 则进入Wireframe 因此4和5会改变阴影的等级 If you hit the 4 key it goes to Wireframe, so 4 and 5 change the level of shading.
因此 除此之外 我们还可以将纹理添加到我们的视口中 我们在Shading下进行纹理化 我们可以看到所谓的“硬件纹理”（Hardware Textureuring） 当我们打开它时 您可以看到所有纹理的显示方式 So in addition to this we can also add textures into our viewport, and we do that under Shading, and we go down to what's called Hardware Texturing, and when we turn that on, you can see how all the textures show up.
现在确保你有你的项目集 所以它可以找到这些纹理文件 Now make sure that you have your project set, so it can find these texture files.
如果您没有设置项目 请继续进入“文件”>“设置项目” 并确保设置为“Maya Interface” If you don't have your project set, go ahead into File > Set Project and make sure it's set to Maya Interface.
所以现在我们可以使用纹理 你可以更真实地看到场景 So now that we have textures available, you can see the scene a lot more realistically.
现在我们在硬件纹理中有一些选择 Now we do have some options here for Hardware Texturing.
在Maya中的所有这些菜单中 很多时候 您将在此处看到一个选项右侧的一个小方块 如果您单击该框 它将实际显示该菜单选项的选项 With all of these menus in Maya, a lot of times you will see a little box to the right of an option here, and if you click on that box, it'll actually bring up the options for that menu option.
这些只是基本不同的过滤和混合纹理的方法 我们将默认保留这些 但只是知道那里 These here are just basically different ways to filter and blend the Textures, we're going to leave these at defaults, but just know that that's there.
现在 另一种改变观看场景的方法是实际改变照明 Now another way to change the way that you view the scene is to actually change the lighting.
默认情况下 我们有所谓的使用默认照明 这只是场景中的一般洗光 但是如果我们实际上照亮场景进行渲染 那么我们可能想看到我们的灯光在现场 By default, we have what's called Use Default Lighting, which is just a general wash of light in the scene, but if we're actually lighting the scene for rendering, and that sort of thing, we might want to see the lights that we have in the scene.
所以我们可以说 使用所有灯 你可以看到 这真的改变了灯光在场景中的工作方式 如果我缩小到这里 你可以在这里看到这些小红色的对象 So we could say, Use All Lights, and you can see that this really changes the way that the lights work in the scene, and if I zoom out here, you can see these little red objects here.
这些都是灯光 These are all the lights.
现在 如果我想 我也可以使用我选择的灯 Now if I want, I can also just use the lights that I have selected.
所以如果我点击这个 你会看到 整个事情都变黑了 但是如果我点击任何一个单独的灯光 你可以看到这个光线如何影响场景 So if I click on this you'll see that, well, the whole thing goes dark, but if I left-click on any individual light, you can see how that light affects the scene.
所以如果我在窗户的后面选一个 你可以看到它如何将阴影投射在墙上 等等 So if I pick this one in back of the window, you can see how it casts the shadow on the wall, and so on.
所以我要继续前进 将其切换到使用所有灯光 现在我们来看看所谓的渲染 So I'm going to go ahead and switch this to Use All Lights, and now let's take a look at what's called Rendering.
默认情况下 我们有所谓的默认质量渲染 通常是一个很好的基本渲染 对于Maya中的大多数应用程序 您应该使用它 By default, we have what's called Default Quality Rendering, which is generally a good basic rendering and for most applications in Maya you should be using this.
这是建模和钻取字符的最佳方法 而且这种事情 Maya的所有功能都可以使用默认渲染器 This is the best way to model and rig characters, and that sort of thing, all of the functionality of Maya is available using the default renderer.
但是 如果我想更现实地看到场景 那么我可以使用其他两个渲染器之一 But if I want to see the scene more realistically, then I can use one of these other two renderers.
一个被称为高品质渲染 如果我点击它 你会看到如何花点时间去走 这是做什么是它使用显卡的力量渲染场景 One is called High Quality Rendering, and if I click on that, you see how it takes a little bit of time to get going, and what this does is it uses the power of your Graphics Card to render the scene.
所以你拥有的显卡越好 这将越快 So the better the Graphics Card you have, the faster this will be.
但你可以看到墙上的灯光和地板上的阴影 所以我们实际上得到了阴影 But you can see the shadows of the lights on the wall, and on the floor, so we actually get shadowing.
那么我们有另一个甚至是高级的 这就是所谓的Viewport 2.0 你可以看到 当我进入这个 它甚至更加现实 这有更多的功能 如透明度和一些特效显示挺好的 Then we have another one which is even advanced, and this is called Viewport 2.0, and you can see as I go into this, it gets even a little bit more realistic, and this has more features, such as transparency and some special effects show up pretty well.
所以如果你正在做一些高质量的东西 你真的想准确地看到你的场景 这些都会奏效 但也要注意的是Maya的一些功能可能无法在每个视口中运行 因此 如果你正在搜索一个字符和东西 在Viewport 2.0中可能无法正常工作 但所有内容都可以在默认质量呈现中使用 So if you are doing some high quality stuff, and you really want to see your scene accurately, these will work, but also be aware that some features of Maya might not work in each Viewport, so if you are rigging a character and stuff like that, it might not work in a Viewport 2.0, but everything will work in the Default Quality Rendering.
现在终于 我也想给你一些照相机的选择 因为我们在一个场景中工作 很多时候我们想看到像我们的安全框架这样的东西 这些东西包括在查看菜单 Now finally, I do want to also show you some camera options, so as we're working in a scene, a lot of times we want to see things such as our safe frame, and that sort of thing and these are included under the View menu.
所以如果我们进入相机设置 你可以看到我们在这里有几个门 So if we go into Camera Settings, you can see we have a couple of gates here.
一个被称为电影门 另一个被称为分辨率门 通常 我使用分辨率门 给我一个边界 显示我的渲染器的分辨率在哪里发生 One is called the Film Gate and the other one is called the Resolution Gate, and typically, I use the Resolution Gate which gives me a border that shows where the resolution of my renderer is happening.
所以如果你在640x480渲染 那将是在渲染 So if you are rendering at 640x480, it will be at that rendering.
所以现在这个特定的场景是渲染1280x720 所以它给我一个稍宽的宽高比 So right now this particular scene is rendering 1280x720, so it gives me a slightly wider aspect ratio.
现在 如果我想我可以进一步了解一下 我可以打开一个可以帮助我定位的场景图 我们也可以打开或关闭 我们也可以做一些安全行动和安全标题 Now if I want I can go into this a little bit more, I can turn on a Field Chart that can help me to position things, and we can also turn that on or off, and we also can do stuff like Safe Action and Safe Title.
现在我们在这里还有一个面具 这种只是给你一个可视化的表现 将要渲染什么与外面的渲染 再次 在相机设置下 我们可以打开和关闭 这就是所谓的门面罩 我们肯定可以打开或关闭 Now we also have a mask along the outside here, and this kind of just gives you a visual representation of what's going to be rendered versus what is outside of the rendering, and again, under Camera Settings, we can turn that on and off, and that's called Gate Mask, and we can certainly turn that on or off.
所以这些是Maya内部查看你的场景的一些基本方法 So those are some of the basic ways of looking at your scene within Maya.
现在记住 这是特定的视口 所以如果我进入我的视口 我可以让每个视口有一个不同的阴影和渲染选项 所以你有一个非常广泛的选项来查看Maya的场景 Now remember, this is viewport specific, so if I go into my viewports here, I can have each viewport have a different shading and rendering option, so you have a really wide range of options for viewing the scene in Maya.