-: Hello, I'm Mrs. Gamon.
I'm the principal at Pimlico Primary School in London,
and I also teach British history
to the majority of Key Stage 2 pupils at Pimlico Primary.
I'm really looking forward to teaching you
British history again this week.
Today is our third lesson on Henry VIII.
If you haven't already completed today's quiz,
please pause the video now and complete it.
This term, we are learning all about Henry VIII.
Henry VIII had great difficulty in securing his divorce
to his first wife, Catherine of Aragon.
It became known as his great matter.
The fate of Catherine of Aragon
was the most significant from a historical point of view
because of the far-reaching effect it had on the country.
Over the next four weeks,
we will be learning all about the repercussions
Henry's divorce had on England,
in particular with the relationship
between the Crown and the Church.
In today's lesson, you will need the following items.
A piece of paper or an exercise book,
a pencil or a pen, and finally, a ruler.
If you don't have these items in front of you,
please go and find them now.
Right, let's move on to today's lesson.
We are going to begin with reviewing our learning
from last week
before moving on to learn what happened
when Thomas Wolsey, who was Lord Chancellor to Henry VIII
in the early years of his reign,
failed to secure Henry's divorce to Catherine of Aragon.
Following this,
Henry decided to take matters into his own hands
and proceed without the Pope.
He selected two men to help him.
One of these was Thomas Cranmer.
At the end of the lesson,
you will complete some independent work.
Your independent tasks will consist
of comprehension questions and vocabulary activities.
Today, I would like to first of all
see if you can remember the definitions,
the definitions of the key words we learned last week.
On the slide, you will see four key words,
divorce, dynasty, vivacious, and smitten.
You need to write down the definitions
of the four key words now.
Please pause the video to complete your task
and restart it as soon as you are finished.
Now you've had a chance to see
how many definitions you can remember.
Let's mark our answers.
If you wrote down the correct definition,
you can tick your answer.
If any of your answers are incorrect,
please make sure you write out
the correct definition three times.
The noun divorce.
The noun divorce means the end of a marriage.
Henry wanted to divorce Catherine of Aragon,
so Henry wanted to end his marriage
with Catherine of Aragon.
The noun dynasty.
The noun dynasty means a line
of hereditary rulers of a country.
Henry desperately wanted a son
to continue the Tudor dynasty
that his father Henry VII had founded.
The adjective vivacious.
The adjective vivacious means lively.
I'm sure you can all remember that Henry's attentions
had been captured by one of the younger ladies at court,
Anne Boleyn.
Anne was English,
but she had spent some time at the French court
where she had developed a sophisticated and elegant manner.
Anne was clever, well-read, and extremely vivacious.
She was extremely lively.
The adjective smitten.
The adjective smitten means in love.
As we already know,
Henry's attentions had been captured
by one of the younger ladies at the court, Anne Boleyn,
and Henry VIII was smitten,
and Henry VIII was in love with Anne Boleyn.
Now I would like to see if you can answer
the following questions on your piece of paper.
Number one, who did Henry fall in love with
whilst he was still married to Catherine?
Number two, whose approval did Henry need
in order to divorce Catherine and marry Anne?
Number three, why couldn't Pope Clement VII
grant Henry an immediate divorce?
The images on the slide should help you
with your answers.
Remember to answer the questions in full sentences.
Please pause the video to complete your task
and restart it as soon as you are finished.
Right.
We are going to now go through
the answers to those questions.
If you've answered any of the questions incorrectly,
remember to write out the correct answer.
Number one, Henry VIII fell in love with Anne Boleyn
whilst he was still married to Catherine of Aragon.
Number two, in order to marry Anne,
Henry needed to divorce Catherine,
and royal divorces had to be approved by the Pope,
who was head of the Christian church in Europe.
Number three,
Pope Clement couldn't grant Henry VIII a divorce
as he was being held prisoner by Catherine's nephew,
the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.
Let's move on.
On the slide,
you will see images of three historical figures.
Henry became determined to marry Anne Boleyn.
However, in order to marry Anne,
Henry needed to divorce Catherine,
and royal divorces had to be approved by the Pope,
who was head of the Christian church in Europe.
Unfortunately for Henry,
the Pope at the time was Pope Clement VII,
who was being held prisoner by Catherine's nephew,
the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.
As a result of this,
Pope Clement was in no position to offend Catherine
by granting Henry an immediate divorce.
So, he sent Cardinal Campeggio to England in 1529
to negotiate with Henry's Lord Chancellor, Thomas Wolsey.
A special court at Blackfriars was set up to hear the case.
Henry claimed that the marriage had never been valid,
valid means reasonable or legally binding,
and should be annulled,
annulled means declared invalid,
on religious grounds.
Henry claimed that the marriage had never been valid.
It had never been reasonable or legally binding,
and should be annulled,
and should be declared invalid on religious grounds,
quoting a passage from the Bible which said
that it was unlawful for a man to marry his brother's widow.
Before marrying Henry VIII,
Catherine of Aragon had previously been married to Arthur,
Henry's brother.
Henry claimed that his lack of a son
was proof of God's punishment for his unlawful marriage.
Catherine, though, bravely defended herself
and the validity of her marriage to Henry,
citing another passage from the Bible
which said that a man could, and indeed should,
marry his brother's widow.
When the court failed to reach a conclusion,
Henry was furious and blamed Wolsey.
Henry was quick to take his revenge.
Wolsey was accused of treason,
but died before he could come to trial.
So, let's go through this again briefly.
A special court at Blackfriars was set up to hear the case,
and Henry claimed that the marriage hadn't,
that his marriage to Catherine had never been valid
and should be annulled on religious grounds.
He quoted a passage from the Bible
which said that it was unlawful
for a man to marry his brother's widow.
He claimed that his lack of a son,
the fact that he and Catherine had not had a son,
was proof of God's punishment for his unlawful marriage.
Catherine bravely defended herself
and the validity of her marriage to Henry,
citing another passage from the Bible
which said that a man could, and indeed should,
marry his brother's widow.
As I'm sure you can imagine, Henry was furious.
If you remember, we already know
that Henry was a headstrong and determined king
with a fiery temper.
Following the court's failure to reach a conclusion,
Henry was furious and blamed Wolsey.
Henry was quick to take his revenge.
Wolsey was accused of treason,
but died before he could come to trial.
Henry decided to take matters into his own hands
and to proceed without the Pope.
He selected two men to help him,
Thomas Cranmer and Thomas Cromwell.
Cranmer was one of a group
of reforming Protestant priests
sympathetic to the king's cause.
In 1533, Henry appointed him Archbishop of Canterbury.
Cranmer married Henry and the now-pregnant Anne
in a secret ceremony,
and pronounced Henry's marriage to Catherine null and void.
Null and void means having no legal force.
Anne was then crowned queen.
A Catholic is a member of the Roman Catholic Church.
When the Blackfriars court failed to reach a conclusion,
Henry decided to proceed without the Pope,
who was the head of the Roman Catholic Church.
The Pope was the leader of the Roman Catholic Church.
Henry selected two men to help him.
One of these was Thomas Cranmer.
Now, a Protestant was a member
of one of the Western Christian churches
which emerged during the 16th century
in protest against Catholicism.
Thomas Cranmer was part of a group
of reforming Protestant priests
sympathetic to Henry's cause.
In 1533, Henry appointed him Archbishop of Canterbury.
The Archbishop of Canterbury is the most senior bishop
in the English church.
Cranmer married Henry and the now-pregnant Anne
in a secret ceremony,
and pronounced Henry's marriage to Catherine null and void.
Null and void means having no legal force.
So, he pronounced that Henry's marriage to Catherine
had no legal force.
Anne was then crowned queen.
You need to now get your exercise book
and copy down what is on the slide in front of you.
Please pause the video while you copy down
what is on the slide.
Restart it as soon as you are finished.
You only need to write down the title,
which is Henry's Great Matter.
Over the last three lessons,
we have learned lots of new key words and concepts.
On your screen, you will see six key words,
divorce, annulment, Tudors,
Pope, Protestant, and Catholic.
Your first task today is to write down the six key words
along with their definitions on your piece of paper.
Please pause the video to complete your task
and restart it as soon as you are finished.
Now, your second task for today is the following.
On the screen,
you will see the names of eight key people,
Henry VIII, Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn
Clement VII, Charles V, Campeggio,
Thomas Wolsey, and Thomas Cranmer.
Your second task for today is to copy down
the names of the key people from the slide,
along with the information about them.
Please pause the video to complete your task
and restart it as soon as you are finished.
Your third task today is to answer
three comprehension questions.
You should be able to see them now on your screen.
The first comprehension question is,
what was discussed,
number one is what was discussed at the Blackfriars court.
Number two, whom did Henry blame
for the failure of the court to reach a conclusion?
And number three,
who became Archbishop of Canterbury in 1533?
I wonder if you can remember the answers
to all three comprehension questions.
Right, let's go through your answers.
The answer to number one is,
at Blackfriars court,
Henry claimed that his marriage to Catherine
had never been valid
and should be annulled on religious grounds.
Henry quoted a passage from the Bible
which said it was unlawful for a man
to marry his brother's widow.
Catherine bravely defended herself
and the validity of her marriage,
citing another passage from the Bible
which said that a man could, and indeed should,
marry his brother's widow.
Henry blamed Thomas Wolsey for the,
sorry, that was the answer to number one.
I was reading on too quickly.
So, it says,
so, that's the answer to question number one.
Number two.
The answer is the following.
Henry blamed Thomas Wolsey for the failure of the court
to reach a conclusion.
And number three,
Thomas Cranmer became Archbishop of Canterbury in 1533.
Your last task for today is the following.
You need to first of all choose
which of these words or phrases
most closely matches the meaning of the phrase
null and void.
And then, the second task is, using a thesaurus,
find and write down at least one synonym
of each of the following words,
vivacious, valid, headstrong, and reform.
A synonym is a word that means the same as another.
You need to try and find a thesaurus if you can
and write and find and write down
at least one synonym of each of the words on the,
of the four words on the screen.
Please pause the video and complete your task.
Right, let's go through the answers
to those two vocabulary questions,
to the two vocabulary activities.
The answer to number one,
the phrase null and void means having no legal force.
And number two, using a thesaurus,
find and write down at least one synonym
of each of the following words.
On the screen, you will see that I have written
a few synonyms for each key word.
Vivacious, the adjective vivacious,
another word that means the same as vivacious
is lively, animated, or high-spirited.
The second word was the adjective valid,
and you could have written down on your piece of paper
sound, reasonable, or rational.
The third word, key word, was the adjective headstrong.
You could have written willful, strong-willed,
or self-willed.
And then number four, the last word was the verb reform.
The verb reform, you could,
words that mean the same as the verb reform
are improve, refine, or rectify.
I really hope you've enjoyed today's British history lesson,
and I'm really looking forward
to teaching you your next one.