Of course, it is an honour for me to step into this room.
Almost 20 years ago, when I got a degree in journalism, I came up here to receive the band.
Who would have thought that almost 20 years later I would be in this auditorium talking about digital security.
Congratulations to the organization, to INCIBE, for getting this going year after year.
Thank you very much.
We are going to be talking about sexting, extortion and grooming.
Three topics that interest me a lot and that Juan has already put the best mattress possible in the previous lecture.
Because he has been explaining the importance of active digital accompaniment and all these things.
So, well...
Seresade has already introduced me.
Thank you very much.
I don't know how to get out of there.
Thank you very much.
It's just that, well, together with the hashtag, Twitter locates me as Yocomu.
We interact.
This doesn't stay here.
To those of you who are on streaming or whatever, we can interact.
So, he has already introduced me.
There is no need to insist on it.
And let's go.
What are we going to talk about?
It is quite clear.
About those three things.
Sexting, extortion and grooming.
Which are related to many things.
And many times they are confused.
And the terms are not very clear either.
So, let's start with sexting.
What are we talking about when we talk about sexting?
Sexting is the publication or distribution of intimate images or videos of sexual nature.
Which are taken voluntarily by the person in the video.
Why do I say voluntarily?
Because we have to insist on this topic.
On many occasions, when we talk about sexting, we are already talking about a crime.
No, sexting is not a crime.
It is a practice that is increasingly done.
Both by adults and by minors.
But we have to put the index on the issue of minors.
Because many times they may not know the risks that this implies.
It is assumed that we adults have already matured and reflected on the fact that sexting is a risk practice.
But no, in itself it is not a crime.
It can lead to a crime very easily because the line is very easy to pass from one side to the other.
So, it is the publication and distribution of images or videos of sexual content taken by the victim herself and distributed through technological devices.
Through a private chat, through... well, I take the photo, I send it by mail...
Any mediation in which those photos or videos are sent.
And we have to insist a lot on this.
They are taken by the person alone or accompanied by the person with whom they are going to share those intimate sexual moments.
And voluntarily.
At the same time in which someone can come to pressure that person to take that photo or that video.
Or make them feel a little bit like...
Come on, if you are my very best friend, very best friend, it will not matter to pass it on to me.
Or as a proof of love.
When a proof of love is asked, there the will of the person can be seen influenced.
Here it is me with my body, I feel like it.
I want to share with you a photo or a video.
Intimate mine, sexual mine.
And I share it with the person.
But of course, uncontrolled sexting is a risky practice.
And not only for minors, we have already said.
Practicing sexting, adults have already reflected on them.
And minors have it quite incorporated in their day-to-day.
But it is a totally risky practice.
And no, the phrase that goes viral, do not leave for tomorrow the nudes you can send today, is a complete mistake.
Because as much as a meme can appear about being nudes.
Send those nudes.
Or send in the pack.
It is something that goes around and it is very common to ask for it.
And most people still ask for it and stay in a grace in that meme in which nothing is done.
But many other people, it depends on the immaturity that the person may have.
When someone says this to him, he does not see beyond the risk that the sending of these photographs or videos of intimate and sexual nature can imply.
And I say, it is a mistake to think that this can be sent happily without taking any kind of measures.
So, if they ask us for intimate photos, I always speak with many minors.
I give many, many talks with minors, both primary and secondary.
And ignoring the fact that sexting is being sent day by day to minors is ignoring a very obvious reality that is happening.
And we cannot close our eyes and say, come on, go.
Or think, no, my son or my daughter is not going to send it.
Because he can send it.
So, what do we have to do?
First, explain the risks that this practice entails and also say, hey, maybe at some point they ask you for this kind of thing, you can act and give a little humor, a little bit of piquancy.
There you have some of the screenshots of these things that can be sent.
He told me, send me a picture without clothes and I sent it to him.
Without clothes in the closet.
Or send me something hot.
Hey, you do not deceive anyone, you send him something hot.
Or you play with parts of the body that can play with the optical illusion that it is something else.
Or send me a picture in a swimsuit.
Hey, the swimsuit, the girl wears it, the dress, maybe from there, I do not know how you see it, in a swimsuit.
Or imitating something else.
Send me a picture of your nipple.
Well, those kinds of things in which maybe you play with humor and you stay with the person.
You follow the flow, maybe at that moment of that conversation, but you do not end up sending any intimate photo of yours.
You play with piquancy.
But in the case that you end up sending that kind of photos, you have to take many precautions.
Many, many.
This is a campaign that was launched by Faro Digital in Latin America, which is very appropriate, but it can be left in something very basic.
That is, at the time of sharing these videos or photographs, here as it is, this is with the head and the head is covered.
But you should not just stay in that.
We should emphasize a lot, that is, first of all, record ourselves, adults, if we want to take this kind of photographs and videos in our enjoyment of our body, intimacy and sexuality.
Well, we should also take these precautions, but the minors have to get used to it.
We also have to tell them that it is better not to practice this, but that in case of doing so, you have to take many, many measures.
So many that perhaps if you adopt all the measures, you lose the idea of ​​ending up sending these photos or videos due to the risk involved.
What should it be?
Well, in the case of me practicing sexting, that is, this sending of photographs and intimate videos, I should always do it with a trusted person.
Because what about send nudes or send in the pack, any unknown person sends it to you through social networks.
And this is like putting a network, whoever falls, okay?
Someone can send or someone cannot send.
There are even open photos of send nudes, of sending this type of photos, in social networks in an open way, there are people who send them.
So, in the case of practicing it, it should be the recipient of those images, or that we take it together with that person, who is a person of our total confidence.
With such confidence that when he receives these photographs or videos, he is a person who is, let's say, for his personal enjoyment, and then erase these images.
Once he has seen these images, once he enjoys these videos and photos, he should automatically have enough confidence to know that this person is going to erase the images.
He is not going to leave a trace of those images.
But we would have to adopt many more measures just in case that confidence that I deposit in that person, who may be my very best friend, my very best friend, my partner with whom I have been for a long time, my one-night stand, or whoever, just in case that confidence breaks,
we would have to take a series of precautions much further.
Okay?
Hiding your face, we have seen it in the campaign that I have said of FaroDigital, but apart from hiding your face, that your face is not seen, obviously the risk is lower, it is minimized.
If your face is not seen, then maybe you are not recognized.
But we would have to add to the fact that your face is not seen, other types of things.
Because if your face is not seen, but you are a person who has many or few, but some tattoo that identifies you, or you have a birthmark that identifies you a lot, well, if you post a photo in which your face is not seen, and you post 300 photos in which your face is seen,
and the same mark appears in the same place, the same tattoo, FaroDigital can produce your identification.
So, as it says, practice self-assurance.
You have to do it, okay?
Because it is a prevention method, but it is not infallible to apply all this.
So, what else?
Take care of the background of the image.
In case of taking photos or videos, if you take it in any recognizable place, you take it in your room, and behind you, with your face covered, hiding a tattoo, a birthmark, or anything, behind, in your room, living room, or whatever, there are photos of you,
enlarging those photos, enlarging that video, they will reach you.
Or a poster that identifies you a lot.
That is, if you take it in your room, you cover everything, but you are publishing a thousand photos, and then that background appears, well, it is easy, okay?
So, you have to add.
You have to add, okay?
That it is a trusted person, that your face is not seen, a birthmark, a tattoo, that the background is not recognized, avoid the use of personal objects, it may be that you wear a belt that identifies you a lot, a necklace, a ring, or anything that you use a lot,
it would also be identifying you.
You have to minimize the risks.
As you can see, you have to go up, okay?
So that in case those images become viralized, at some given moment, well, that the shame is less, and that the risks of what this can cause are also much less, okay?
What else?
Something that is also forgotten.
Behind each digital file are all the metadata, whether they are photos, whether they are videos.
And if we have taken all the other measures so that things are not seen, but then we forget to delete the metadata, in the metadata we are providing a lot of information.
Possibly, if we have active, the one that is being taken, the geolocation of that photograph or video, when I am doing it, maybe I have covered my back, covering my face, the marks and everything we have said, but I do not delete the metadata and it is identifying me that I am taking it in my house,
with the location of my house, taking care of that kind of thing.
With what camera model I have taken it, at what time I have taken it.
Well, you have to delete the metadata, okay?
There are many ways to delete the metadata here.
I have put it in a capture, so as not to extend myself too much.
The truth is, much more practical things in the Windows system we can delete.
This applies not only to photographs and videos, also in a PDF, in a PPT.
Before sending any file, it would be convenient if we deleted the metadata, because they provide much more information than we want.
So, there we have in the capture, as we can do in the Windows system, in the adjustment of our camera, of photos, of the smartphone or the tablet, we should have deactivated the location labels.
Review it, because on many occasions it is activated by default.
And what is activated by default is marking in the metadata of the photo or video the point where you are taking the photo.
That today we take a photo or a video here that we are in Cybercam.
Well , that would be offensive, but it already provides a lot of information for someone who can rescue those metadata.
But as I said, in this type of photographs or videos, anything we do to minimize the risks, much better.
And there are many, many online tools or tools that we can use to do that exhaustive deletion of metadata.
Because just as there are tools to be able to delete the metadata, there are a lot of tools to be able to see the metadata, to get all that information that is hidden.
So, there are many measures that we have been adding.
Okay?
Why have we been adding all these measures?
Because when we take that photograph that we think is trustworthy, then there is a very fine step when we go from that involuntary sexting, from that I take photographs or videos because I feel like it and because I want to and no one has pressured me to do it,
to being able to fall into an extortion.
And there, the problems are much bigger.
Fat people and crime.
Okay?
Sexting, we have said, is not a crime.
It is a practice that is increasingly used.
But you have to apply it with your head in case you do it.
The best thing would be that this type of photos would not go viral, that no one would access to take them or upload them.
But in the freedom of each one's body, you cannot prevent them from doing it either.
You can recommend the measures to do it with greater security.
100% security does not exist in any field.
Okay ?
So, from sexting to extortion, there is a step.
And it has to be very clear.
Because once those photographs or videos are obtained, whoever has obtained those photos or videos may extort us, blackmail us.
And there we are already talking about the word crime in all its dimensions.
Okay?
So, if I have received a photo or video of a person, or I have taken that photo or video with a person in total confidence, that person has been able to take the video or the photo, or we have done it together, because we wanted to, as I said, for personal enjoyment,
and that's it.
If that person who has received that photo or video receives it because I wanted to give it to him without any kind of pressure, so far so good.
But if the person who has received the photo or video without me authorizing him at any time or giving him permission, uses that image or video that has come out simply to show him through a mobile device, computer, smartphone, tablet, whatever.
Showing simply, showing, teaching, is already a crime.
At least, the crime will be that I can re-send that kind of photos through any instant messaging or through mail, or end up publishing it openly in some profile, in a private profile with a padlock, publish it anywhere, upload it to any page, to any social network,
or to any page of X content, whatever.
But just showing it is already a crime.
Because the person has authorized me to see that photo, to see that video, but it is already there.
The moment I show it, it is already typified in the criminal code, which will be punished with a prison sentence of three months to a year of fine, to six months, or a fine of six months to twelve months.
Here it includes not only those images that can go viral of intimate or sexual content, but also any image or video that can be of a humiliating nature.
For example, if we record a fight with a person who is also humiliated or whose right to honor and privacy it would include this article.
But as the law, the digital field, goes four steps ahead of the law, they are always used or they are introduced in the criminal code things that already regulate this kind of things, but if not, there will always be an article that is very close that can cover that analog part to the digital part.
And here it is, not only for the disclosure of intimate and sexual videos, but also humiliating.
And that is already a crime.
That is, the sexting has a very fine thread so that it becomes that risk practice of sending photographs and videos so that anyone, simply because they teach it, show it, publish it, viralize it, re-send it, becomes a crime.
And sadly, we find every day a lot of headlines in which people have gone further.
In that voluntary sending they have received of photographs and videos, they have gone one step further and without knowing it or knowing it or knowing it with all the intention of the world they have committed a crime.
Because it has ended up spreading, taking to the light, publishing, re-spreading, re-sending photographs or intimate videos of a person, friend, partner, ex-partner, as I said, an acquaintance or a stranger who ends up asking you for a photo that you accept to send at that moment and then do with it what you want.
And there are a lot of people, a lot of headlines.
I use a lot of headlines, it will be for the journalist's CD that I use a lot of things to show that what is being said is not so ephemeral.
It is very real and it happens every day.
And what is also dangerous is that we do not only find headlines that this happens, we find headlines that this happens with younger protagonists.
We are not doing something right.
We have said that we do not want sexting to be taken in those intimate videos and photographs.
We do not think they will do it.
But, of course, they are taking it and they are sending it.
It is a practice, it is a sexual discovery of theirs and they use it in a habitual way.
And those minors are committing crimes.
And at the expense of the crime that we have said before that the rights of honor, of privacy, of the person, of the intermission in their intimacy it is added that if the protagonists of those photos or videos that are shown, that are shown, that are redistributed are minors,
what is added to that crime is that what is being distributed is child pornography.
And the crimes are being added because no matter if it is your boyfriend, girlfriend, ex-partner or friend, friend, if they are minors, it has happened to you.
If you show it, what you show is the photo of a minor.
What happens when it is a photo, a video or an audio of a sexual encounter of a minor?
That what I am spreading the crime is increasing.
Therefore, we have to make a lot of emphasis on this kind of things.
I insist, it is a topic that I always insist a lot.
In all the talks I insist a lot because it happens and the amount of questions that the minors throw at you you cannot imagine what they are.
A barbarity.
It is a topic in which you have to work a lot.
I have said that today we are going to talk about sexting and sextortion.
The crime that we have seen before is when sexting becomes the next step.
I show those voluntary images and the crime is committed.
When we are talking about a sextortion, what are we talking about?
It happens when those photographs, videos that I have received voluntarily or even in other occasions are taken without knowing the victim.
When I have that content of intimate and sexual of any person, I use them to extort, the word extort we already know what it is, to blackmail that person.
Through the use of those images that I have obtained, I threaten and blackmail the victim with many things, with spreading it, with hurting her, with blackmail, there can be an economic blackmail, many things.
The victim is threatened with those photographs or videos that the victim took voluntarily or that I could record the victim without her being aware of that recording.
There are several types of that extortion, there are several, but there are two quite important categories that occur a lot.
One, we would be talking about a term that many people are not in favor of that term which would be the term of porno-revenge, there is more talk about unauthorized pornography , where we would be talking about an emotional connection between the victim and the person who spreads or blackmails,
that is, blackmails me with spreading those images or anything.
How an emotional relationship ?
Well, because it has been your partner, because you have had a one-night stand, because you have had a long-term relationship, a short-term relationship, there has been a mainly emotional connection .
And how does he blackmail?
Well , here the cyber control is when he takes power, because maybe in your will, with your right, with your body, wanting , without anyone pressuring you, you sent him that video photo and once he has obtained one , he tells you, I want more, if not ,
this will come to light.
Or, now that the relationship has broken , now that we are no longer a couple, now that the summer league has passed, or whatever, or you come back with me, this will come to light.
Or, now that we have broken up, they will find out.
And this is a crime that is happening a lot.
And that's why we have to put, to emphasize a lot, we have to put the red light to warn of that kind of thing, because that trust that I can delegate to a person at a given moment to be able to send him this kind of photos, that friendship trust, that couple trust,
can be broken at a given moment.
So we have to be very careful with this.
We have to say that although there are victims, both boys and girls, in pornography, in unauthorized pornography , the majority of the victims are usually women, girls.
Okay?
Then there is another big category of sex-torture, we would be talking about economic sex-torture, in which, through those images they have obtained of photos or videos, in a consensual way, or in these occasions, most of the times, without the victim being aware that those images are being recorded ,
in which behind there are the so-called blackmailers, swindlers of love, who move through all those types of applications, instant messaging or flirting applications, but also, mostly, in an extortion for an economic reason, in which they ask me for a certain amount of money to obtain those images or those videos,
there are usually mafias, totally organized mafias, mafias, like the ones we talked about here this afternoon, who work in ransomware.
People who work in cybercrime diversify their business.
Maybe they have their business in ransomware, but they also have their part in sex-torture, etc.
They put the eggs in different baskets.
Here, in sex-torture for economic reasons, there are victims of everything, women and men, but mostly there are many victims of men.
Here, a means they have to act, apart from that instant messaging or those flirting apps that people can already know or intuit what they can expose, these mafias act through social networks as common as LinkedIn, the professional par excellence, or Facebook,
the social network of friends and family.
What happens?
That, like each person, we have a barrier to accept people's to be our friends or be our contacts, many people send many invitations, people from Buenver, they send invitations to LinkedIn or Facebook, mostly, but it can also be in any other social network.
And once they are in your contact, that you have accepted them, there are times when they start a relationship to gain your trust with time, but normally they try to burn the atmosphere and they go to fire.
It burns, it burns.
Once we accept a contact, normally, in all social networks, we already have a private channel to communicate with that person.
How do these mafias act ?
These lovers of love, but mainly here they act, as I say, mafias that are located in difficult countries to track and because of the legislation they no longer act in the same country and it is complicated.
Well, how do they act?
They act by starting a conversation in that private chat, they warm up the atmosphere, they warm up the possible victim, they try to lead the conversation to a video conference conversation , normally by Skype.
Okay?
Once they connect by Skype, hopefully, the person who appears on the other side looks like the person in the photo who contacted you.
There are times when victims are used to hook themselves and appear there.
In other occasions they look like a broom or a person.
Okay?
And sometimes they don't even appear, but you possibly already appear naked or practicing manual skills.
And after 15-20 seconds they stop the call and start threatening you.
You, without knowing it, it has been recorded.
And at that moment they tell you either you pay me or I tag your video and...
I mean, I upload it to YouTube and I tag you on YouTube...
I mean, I upload your video to YouTube and I tag you on Facebook, your family and friends will know what you are doing or I tag you on LinkedIn and your professional is ruined.
How a person tells their children that while they are in the living room this has happened?
How a person tells their husband or their wife that while they are in the office or on a business trip or at work this has happened?
How minors that every day happen a lot more tell their parents that while they are in the living room or in the kitchen or whatever this has happened?
Out of shame they don't tell them.
And they get into an infinite loop because if they end up paying once they are demanded more payment and more payment and more payment.
And the vicious circle never ends .
And this is a very serious problem.
I have a personal meter to detect when these campaigns now that Christmas is coming the number of victims increase because there is more free time.
The personal meter I have is...
I have a YouTube channel and two years ago I made a program dedicated to extortion with professionals explaining what this was about and what happens when a person in the world is a victim of an extortion.
He puts his hands on his head and doesn't know what happened and searches on Google.
And searching on Google a lot of people watch my video.
And you can't imagine the amount of messages I receive practically every week through my private channels but if not just by going to the video and seeing the open comments of people you are going to see a lot of victims who even ask each other how long did it take since you were threatened until they stopped doing it or did you pay or not or how was it?
Because a lot of people ask me in private what do I do?
But a lot of people even ask in public.
They don't know what to do.
Then you have to report.
You have to tell your closest environment.
You don't have to pay because falling into this is falling into a loop.
Then extortion is a crime.
They are already using the images that we have been able to divulge voluntarily or in a way that they have recorded us without knowing it.
And there is a crime.
The crime of extortion is also punished.
And there are a lot of headlines that warn us of the number of victims that are everywhere with this.
Victims of extortion that are falling.
There are also e-mail campaigns that come telling you, threatening you that I have recorded you something or accessing X pages or whatever and blackmail.
Blackmail.
And they throw them there and someone will fall.
But many others have recorded you at that moment because you have accessed a video call.
And the problems are big.
And sometimes they end tragically with victims of extortion.
That is why it is so important to insist that taking these photographs or intimate videos is a risk practice as much as you can voluntarily.
Take it with many measures because you don't know where those images can end up.
And the grooming to finish is what we have said.
What would the grooming be?
Well, the grooming is when an adult uses any kind of strategies to approach minors to earn their trust and well, in the end when he has earned his trust he ends up harassing them for sexual intentions.
Well, to send him material, to take those photos and videos and give them to that harasser or to get to a physical with that minor.
So, the grooming is there in the end because they are minors who are being victims of adults who are trying to earn their trust and they want to become victims and they end up sending them material of this kind that ends up in all kinds of things that you can imagine and with fatal consequences.
So, how do these adults with the intention of harassing a minor for sexual purposes ?
In many ways.
Mostly, it is because they pretend to be minors.
Obviously, if I enter a chat, if I enter a social network, because these people move where the minors are.
They are not going to look for adult pages.
If I want to get a minor, I go where the minors move, the videogames where the minors move, the minors move, and I pretend to be a minor of a similar age to gain their trust.
Another way that they have to use are the fake photographers.
Or that I am going to make a book.
Many people want to be a model or whatever, a book, and then that book, that fake photographer takes pictures of you far beyond what it could be for a normal book.
He makes you take off many clothes and there are your parents won't recharge your phone , I will .
How much ?
15?
30?
50 euros ?
Okay?
You already have them .
In return , I ask you for something .
Or mobile phones or whatever .
I won't buy it for you, but someone can buy it for you .
So, be careful with this kind of things, okay?
Because, of course, grooming is not a game.
And any precaution we can have is little, with the real responsibility of everyone, not only close relatives, but everyone as a society.
And this has to be monitored.
Of course, it has to be monitored, okay?
Because it is not a game.
And there are some protection to request the withdrawal of all this sensitive that may be a victim of being viralized.
Some video, some intimate content photo , some video or humiliating about me, a fight or anything that is being viralized, well, has been launched a few weeks ago so that the victim can contact the Spanish Data Protection and request the withdrawal.
They act fast enough to try to block.
Now, they are trying to block maybe with the big technologies, but, unfortunately, we have to take into account that if those videos or photos have started to run through private groups in a lot of places, there are going to be a lot of copies of that kind of things.
But, at least, they are taking measures.
And it is important that people know that this channel is there to be able to report that kind of content.
It is also very important that people know that there is a cybersecurity line launched by INCIBE that not only serves minors, educators and families, but has become the cybersecurity line of all here in Spain to serve everyone, any citizen, any user, any company,
any minor, any family member, any teacher who needs information on any cybersecurity related issue or has a problem, victim of an extortion, victim of a fraud, victim of a ransomware, victim of whatever, I call this phone number 900-116-117 which is already approved to become number 017.
I don't know when it will launch, but it is already approved.
During some time the other phones will converge , but it will become that shortened so that everyone can know the number 017.
And, of course, if we are victims of a cybercrime, here we have talked about what can be the extortion crime , or we have talked about being victims of a grooming .
We have said was voluntary .
It was when the line crossed , when it became a crime .
If we are victims of a cybercrime , be it the ones we have talked about or any other , of course, we have to denounce .
We have to denounce in the State Security Forces .
We have the National Police , we have the Telematic Crime Group of the Civil Guard and we have to denounce there .
But we have to know that there are many professional lines helping us in case of being victims.
The worst of being victims of this kind of things is being silent.
So, the image that will go viral or cause problems is the one that is not done.
Let's avoid playing with fire to avoid causing problems.
Thank you very much.
I don't know if there are any questions in the room or I have wasted all the time because this marker was already there.
Don't worry, Yolanda.
Thank you very much for such an interesting lecture .
However, she will be away for a while in case anyone wants to ask questions.
Thank you.
Un placer a escucharte.
A big round of applause for her.
Thank you, Yolanda.