Hello, everyone!
Welcome to my class again!
In this section,
we’re going to distinguish
between three words
that share similar spellings
and two synonyms close
in their meanings.
You are supposed to make them
clear in their usage.
Look at these three words:
distinguished, distinctive and distinct
Do you feel confused
at the first sight of them?
First, distinguished means
卓越的 杰出的 著名的
Let’s look at this famous saying:
The Chinese nation is distinguished
for its diligence and courage.
中华民族以勤劳勇敢著称
And on some occsions we would say:
我们非常期待贵客的到访
We're looking forward to the visit
by the distinguished guest.
Next, distinctive，
表示特征 性格或外表等独特的
有明显不同的
强调有差别的
有特色的 特殊的
For example:
Mary has a very distinctive voice.
玛丽有一个非常独特的声音
Now try to translate this sentence
into English:
你能看到这枚邮票上明显的水印吗
Can you find the distinctive
watermarks of this stamp?
Last word: distinct, which means
分明的 明了的 清楚的
Let’s take this simple example:
She has a distinct pronunciation.
她的发音清楚
Translation practice again:
你的房间里有一股明显的香烟味
There is a distinct smell
of smoke in your room.
Another meaning for Distinct is:
明显不同的 有区别的
For example: Our interests
were quite distinct from those of them.
我们的兴趣与他们的兴趣截然不同
Now, let’s try to make a sentence
using distinct and distinctive together:
One of the distinctive features
of this book is its distinct illustrations.
这本书的特色之一就是
它具有清楚明了的图解
Next, let’s look into these two synonyms:
adequate and abundant
adequate表示在数量或质量上
足以满足特定的标准
强调刚好够用 没有多余
For example:
He doesn’t earn a large salary
but it is adequate for his needs.
他挣钱不多 但也够用了
abundant 表示充裕 绰绰有余
强调数量很多或充足有余
We have abundant proof of his guilt.
我们有他犯罪的充分证据
Again, let’s make a simple example
combing adequate and abundant together:
Hainan is charactered with abundant
natural resources,
with adequate illumination and moisture.
海南具备丰富的自然资源
日照 水分充足
In this section,
I’d like to pick up some sentences
from the text for you to appreciate
and understand in detail.
Sentence 1: in Para. 5
They unfairly bear the bulk
of the criticism
for these knowledge deficits
because there is a sense that
they should know better.
In this sentence,
the structure:
sb.unfairly bears the bulk
of criticism or blame for sth.
because there is a sense that … .
用于解释某种误解背后的原因
Let’s take the following 2 examples
to get further understanding
of this sentence pattern:
由于缺乏相互信任
医生普遍承受着大量的批评和指责
因为舆论认为他们就应该
无愧于白衣天使的称号
Doctors as a whole bear
the bulk of criticism
for lack of mutual trust
because there is a sense that
they should live up to the title
“angels in white”.
由于外界的各种诱惑
学生 尤其是学习差的学生
承受着大部分不应该承受的指责
因为舆论认为学生就应以学为主
Students, especially those
poor in learning,
and unfairly bear the bulk of blame
for diverse temptations
from the outside world
because there is a sense that
students should give priority
to their studies.
Sentence 2: in Para. 7
Blame for the scandal
of this language deficit
should be thrust upon our schools,
which should be setting high standards
of English language proficiency.
Here, the sentence pattern:
Blame for A should be thrust upon B,
which or who should ...
用于表述对责任的认定
Now, here are another 2 examples:
对弱者麻木不仁的负面指责
应归咎于我们的社会
社会应保护那些助人为乐的人们
Blame for indifference toward
the weak should be thrust
upon our society,
which should protect those ready to help.
学非所用的负面指责应归咎于
我们的用人制度
此制度应任人唯贤
Blame for failure to make use of
what one has learned
should be thrust upon our system
of personnel placement,
which should make appointments on merit.
Sentence 3: in Para. 11
Learning grammar
and a good vocabulary is just like
driving with a road map
in a well-conditioned car.
In this sentence,
there is a rhetoric called simile
明喻 修辞手法中的一种
Doing A is just like
all the same as doing B.
Please translate the following
2 sentences into English:
学习英语就好比挖掘异国的宝藏
Learning English is just like digging
for exotic treasures.
撒谎就好比自欺欺人
Telling a lie is just the same as
fooling yourself as well as others.
so far, we have had a detailed study
of 12 words and phrases,
distinguish 2 groups of words,
and analyze 3 sentences.
Can you write a short article creatively
to talk about English learning?
In your writing, if you can include
the above words and expressions
and sentence patterns you've just learned,
you would meet
the requirement of this class.
Thank you for your watching!
And wish you all the best!