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For the first time in history, 有史以来第一次，
a space mission has touched down 太空任务降临在
on the far side of the moon. 在月球的背面。
China's Chang'e-4 probe landed in the oldest 中国的嫦娥四号探测器降落在最古老
and deepest basin on the moon's surface, 且最深的月球表面的盆地上，
making the mission a milestone for both China 使这项任务成为中国
and space exploration as a whole. 和整个太空探索的里程碑。
This isn't the first time China has landed on the moon. 这不是中国第一次登陆在月球。
In 2013 Chang'e-3 successfully touched down on Mare Imbrium, 2013年，嫦娥三号成功降落了于Mare Imbrium，
a huge lava plain on the moon's surface. 月球表面的一个巨大的熔岩平原。
But until now, China has never explored 但到目前为止，中国从未探索过
the moon's mysterious dark side. 月球神秘的背面。
No one has. 没人探索过。
That's actually why it's called the dark side. 这就是它被称为黑暗面的原因。
It's not hidden from the sun, it's hidden from our view. 它并非隐藏在太阳之外，只是躲藏在我们的视野之外。
That's because the moon is in what's called 那是因为月亮在所谓的
synchronous rotation with the Earth, 与地球同步旋转，
which means every time the moon rotates once on its axis, 这意味着每次月球绕轴上旋转一次，
it also completes one orbit around the Earth. 同时完成了围绕地球的一个轨道运转。
As a result, we see the same face of the moon every night. 结果，我们每晚看到月亮的同一面。
In fact, we only got our first glimpse of the far side 事实上，我们只是第一次看到月球背面
in 1959, when the Soviet Union's Luna 3 took pictures as it flew by. 是1959年苏联的卢娜3飞过背面时拍下的照片
And while we've had numerous landings 虽然我们有很多登陆
on the near side of the moon, 于月球的近侧（正面），
no one's attempted to touch down on the far side before, 之前没有人试图在远端（背面）登陆，
and for good reason. 且有充分的理由。
It's impossible to communicate with anything over there. 在那里与任何东西沟通都是不可能的。
Any signal would get blocked by the rest of the moon. 任何信号都会被月球的其他部分阻挡。
But China's team has a solution. 但中国的团队有一个解决方案。
They launched a relay satellite with a clear view 他们发射了一个中继卫星
of both Chang'e-4 and the Earth. 可以同时清楚地看见嫦娥四号和地球。
And so far, the plan's working. 到目前为止，该方案正在发挥作用。
Here are the very first images taken by Chang'e-4, 这是嫦娥四号拍摄的第一张照片，
the first in history ever taken from the surface 历史上第一次从表面拍摄于
on the dark side of the moon. 月球的黑暗面（背面）的。
What's more, you're looking at the oldest, 更重要的是，你看见的是月球最古老，
largest, and deepest basin the moon has. 最大，最深的盆地。
Chang'e-4 landed on Von Karman, 嫦娥四号降落在Von Karman，
a flat landscape that sits inside South Pole-Aitken Basin. 位于南极——艾特肯盆地内的平坦景观。
The basin is around 2,500 kilometers across. 该盆地直径大约2,500公里。
That's about the distance from New York to Dallas. 那是从纽约到达拉斯的距离。
And it's a whopping eight kilometers deep. 它的深度达8公里。
For comparison, the deepest natural point on Earth, 相比之下，地球上最深的自然地点，
the Challenger Deep, is nearly 11 kilometers deep. 挑战者深谷，近11公里深。
Next, the lander will release a rover 接下来，着陆器将释放一个月球车
that will explore the surrounding area. 去探索周边地区。
One of it's tasks is to study the composition 其中一项任务是研究
of rocks and dirt in the basin. 盆地里的岩石和泥土的成分。
Since scientists believe this is the oldest basin on the moon, 由于科学家认为这是月球最古老的盆地
learning what it's made of might help us 了解它的构成可能帮助我们
understand how Earth's only moon formed and evolved. 了解地球唯一的卫星是如何形成和演化的。
But that's only one goal of the mission. 但这只是该任务的目标之一。
Besides cameras and spectrometers, 除了相机和光谱仪，
Chang'e-4 also brought along potatoes and silkworm eggs. 嫦娥四号还带来了土豆和蚕卵。
Researchers hope to test how well plants can grow 研究人员希望测试植物的生长情况
and eggs can hatch in the moon's low gravity. 以及蚕卵在月球的低重力下如何孵化。
It's the first mini greenhouse to ever land 这是第一个登陆的迷你温室
on another world in our solar system, 在我们太阳系的另一个世界，
and might help prepare us for space colonies in the future. 并且可能有助于我们为将来的太空移民做准备。