在这个视频中 我们要模拟一个管道连接 在这个例子中 T连接是最简单的管道连接之一你可以这样做因为它由两个管道组成 它们的直径相同 In this video, we're going to model a pipe connection, in this case, a T connection which is one of the easiest pipe connections you can do that because it consists of two pipes that have the same diameter
所以我要让它不可见 让我们继续 创建一个圆柱来改变方向 So I'm going to make this no invisible and let's go ahead and create a cylinder when to switch the orientation.
2+X 我们还需要一个额外的高度段 这就得到了这个边循环 Two plus X and we're going to need one additional height segment here, and that will give us this edge loop here.
在物体的中心 我们不需要任何帽子 所以我们继续 把它们关掉 At the center of the object, we won't be needing any caps, so let's go ahead and switch these off
因为我们要使用细分表面来平滑物体 我们不会吃那么多旋转段 And since we're going to be using subdivision surfaces to smooth the object, we won't be eating that many rotation segments
我们要做一个相当高的多晶硅模型 以确保两个管道之间的过渡很好 很干净 We're going to do a fairly high Poly model, though, in order to make sure that the transition between the two pipes is nice and clean
让我们把旋转段换成二十四个 So let's go ahead and change the rotation segment to something like twenty four.
例如 For example,
有了这些设置我们现在可以让这个圆筒可以食用它的名字被重新命名为T连接 And with these settings we can now make the cylinder edible and its renamed us to T connection
现在切换到点模式 在顶部你会抓取我的工具 Now switch to point mode, and in the top you I'm going to grab my nice tool
我们将在lite模式中使用良好的代价 And we're going to use the nice toll in lite Mode.
我们是否需要改变限制性的选择 仅仅因为我们需要切割整个物体 Were there to switch of restrictive selection and visible only because we need to cut all the way through the object.
在这种情况下 我也要使用约束条件 我要限制到默认的45度角 And in this case, I'm also going to use constrain, and I'm going to constrain to the default angle of forty five
现在我们可以在中间点击这里的这个点在这里画一个切点 再切一个 And now we can just left, click on this point here at the center and make a cut here and let's make another cut here
现在我们可以选择一个多边形模式来获取我们的矩形选择工具 And now we can go to a polygon mode and grab our rectangle selection tool.
我只选择了在这里关闭的可见元素我们可以在这些多边形上拖动一个矩形 I have only select visible elements switched off here and we can just drag a rectangle over these polygons here
把所有的都选到最下面 To select all the ones right down to the bottom
为了挤压这些多边形 我们可以按住control键 然后向左 点击并拖动Z轴 然后拉出一点T来进行缩放和缩放 And in order to extrude these polygons, we can hold down the control key and left, click and drag on the Z axis and pulleys out a bit a T for scale and scale these down.
按住 把这个缩小到0 Hold down, shift to scale this down to zero
我要把这些多边形融化 然后说这是在录音屏幕之外 我们试着为你们弄明白 And I'm just going to melt these polygons and say that's outside of the recording screen, and we try to get that for you.
所以牛奶 就在断开连接 So milk, it's just below disconnect
好了 我们要把它变成一个大的 然后我们就会把它删掉因为我们现在不需要它 OK, so we're going to turn this into a big and gone, and then we're just going to delete it because we don't need it right now.
这就是我们需要的基本几何形状 And that's the basic geometry we need for this.
联系 The connection.
现在 如果我们在这个上使用一个细分表面我将重命名这个主题 只需要复制波兰多边形对象的名称并粘贴 Now, if we use a subdivision surface on this and I'm going to rename the subject as well, just going to copy the name of the Polish polygon object and pasted
在这里 Here
只要你有细分的表面对象或者它的子对象 你就可以使用Q键来开关细分表面对象 And as long as you have the subdivision surface object or its child selected, you can use the Q key to toggle the subdivision surface object on and off
我也要改变显示器 And I'm also going to change the display.
这里也是 Here too.
我看到了农场 I saw farms
所以几何图形很好 很干净 但是过渡还是很软的 So the geometry is nice and clean, but the transition is is still very soft.
所以我们需要添加一些控制边 So we need to add some control edges
就我个人而言 我更喜欢使用edge 而不是我告诉过你的 如果你愿意的话 可以使用一个不错的工具和循环模式 Personally, I prefer to use edge cut rather than than I've told you, could use a nice tool and loop mode if you want to.
我要使用礼仪 所以我需要切换到编辑模式我要做一个环选择来获取这些边然后右键点击 它会在这里找到边切 Ah, I'm going to use etiquette for this, so I need to switch to edit mode and I'm going to do a ring selection to grab these edges here and then right click, It will find edge cut down here
你可以在viewport中点击鼠标左键按住鼠标左键 如果你把鼠标拖到右边 你可以添加子分区 如果你把鼠标拖到左边 你就可以减少子分区的数量 我们只需要 And you can left click in the viewport I hold down your left mouse button now, if you drag the mouse to the right, you can add subdivisions and if you drag it to the left and you can reduce the number of subdivisions, we only need.
这是现在的一个细分 This one subdivision so now.
如果你另外按住control键 你可以像这样滑动这些边 不会像这样在这里 If you additionally hold down the control key, you can slide these edges like so and won't just like these over to about here.
我们要在这里做同样的事情 所以我要在这里做一个环选择然后抓住kotul的边并在这里添加另一个循环 And we're going to have to do the same thing over here, so I'm going to do a ring selection here and grabbed the edge kotul and add another edge loop here
当然 我们需要在右边做同样的事情我要做的是 我要做的是 And of course, we need to do the same thing on the right side here and what I'm going to do is I'm just going to
获取这个对象的一半并删除 以及对称对象的新闻 Grab half of this object and deleted, and the news of symmetry object
他在键盘上敲了一下 让这个公墓可以吃 And he'd C on the keyboard to make the cemetery edible
我们现在要做的就是抓住这些点这里有茶的比例然后把这些点分散开一点 And what we could do now is grab these points here had tea for scale and spread out these points a bit more
啊 Ah,
如果你想更精确一点 你能做的就是使用刀工具在这里做一个直切然后切换到编辑模式使用你的移动工具你可以双击任意一个边来获取这个循环然后 点击并溶解这些边 If you want to be more exact, what you can do is use the knife tool and make a straight cut here and go to edit mode and use your move tool and you can double click on any one of these edges here to grab this loop and then right, click and dissolve these edges
好的 我们继续在左边做这个 OK, so let's go ahead and do that on the left side as well.
进行切割并选择这些边并解决它们 Making the cuts and selecting these edges and resolving them
这看起来很不错 So this is looking pretty nice.
我们现在需要的是厚度 有两种方法可以做到第一个是你可能想要使用的 What we need now is a bit of thickness, and there's two ways you can do that the first one would be the one you will probably want to use.
我只是为了不创造太多的额外的多边形而假装生病 所以我要做一个复制这只看不见的手 I would just going to fake sickness in order not to create too many additional polygons, so I'm going to make a copy of this one switch this invisible hand.
实际上 我们要做两个例子 Actually, we're going to do two examples
第一个 我们要假装生病 第二种是我们要创造整个内部的 Well, the first one, we're just going to fake sickness and for the second one which we're going to create the entire inside off of this.
T形连接 T connection
所以对于第一个版本 我要用它 而它关闭了多边形洞并在这里关闭这些洞 So for the first version, I'm going to use, whereas it close Polygon Hole and were going to close these holes here.
然后在多边形模式下 And then in Polygon mode,
我要在这里选择这些和枪支使用生命选择工具让她在里面挤出 I'm going to select these and guns here using the life selection tool and lets extrude in her
我们来画个半径大概是9或10 And let's do a radius of maybe nine or ten
像这样 Something like this
然后我们要把这些和枪都挤出一点 And then we're going to extrude these and guns back a bit.
不太远 Not too far.
可能是这样的 点击删除以删除这些和枪支 Maybe something like this and hit delete to get rid of these and guns
如果我们把它放在一个细分的表面物体上 你可以看到这里的边缘仍然太软了 And if we put this in a subdivision surface object, you can see the edges here are still way too soft
所以我们需要添加一些控制边来解决这个问题 So we need to add a few control edges to fix that
我们继续 切换到编辑模式 使用循环选择 So let's go ahead and do that and switch to edit mode and use your loop selection
我要选择 I'm going to select
这里的这些边和这里的边 These edge loops here and the ones over here
然后我们向右 点击 选择斜角 哦 它一直到下面这里 And then we're going to right, click and select bevel was it, Oh, it's all the way down here.
你可以在下面看到它 You can see it down here
我们将使用斜面工具和固态模式 我们来做一个偏移 And we're going to use the bevel tool and solid mode, and let's do maybe an offset of
3厘米的应用 Three centimeters had apply
切换到细分表面对象 看看它的外观 Switch on the subdivision surface object and see how it looks.
这些看起来很漂亮 也许有点软 So these are looking nice, maybe a bit soft.
我们可以把这个偏移量降低到2厘米 We can bring this offset down to maybe two centimeters
我们做完了 And we're done
让我们来做一个版本 我们在这个主题中创建整个内部 这其实很简单 So let's go ahead and do a version where we create the entire inside of the subject, and that is actually pretty easy.
我们只需要另一个拷贝然后切换到模型模式 We're just going to need another copy and switch to model mode
有了规模和规模的茶 其中的一种 And had tea for scale and scale, one of these objects down a bit
再看一看 See maybe a bit more
然后我们可以进入编辑模式并选择这些边 And then we can go to edit mode and select these edges here.
开关 Switch on snapping
它把这些边移动到更大的物体的边缘 It moves these edges down, snapped them to the edge of the larger object
我们来把这些边和这里的边都画出来 And let's go ahead and snap these edges over here and these ones over here.
现在我们来看看多边形负载并获取内部对象的所有多边形 Now let's go to Polygon load and grab all of the polygons of the inside object.
现在 正常的人正面临着错误的道路 Right now the normals are facing the wrong way.
如果我们把这两个对象连起来 我就选择你能看到的所有多边形 If we connect both of these objects, I select all of the polygons you can see.
外面的多边形是橙色的 里面的是里面的 The outside polygons are orange and the ones of the inside
小物体的物体 Object of the smaller one.
我们还需要把里面的东西也变成橙色 We need to make the inside he orange too.
现在我们要做的是选择所有这些多边形 点击 So what we're going to do is now with all of these polygons selected, right, click and
反转法线 我们如何抓住这两个物体 对吧 Reverse the normals and how we can grab both of these objects and right.
点击并选择 连接对象和删除 Click and select, connect objects and delete
现在我们要关闭这些洞了 当然 在编辑模式下 我要 Now we have to close these holes, of course, so in edit mode, I'm going to
选择所有这些边 Select all of these edges here
然后我们可以使用缝合工具 你可以用右手抓住它 And then we can use the stitching so tool and you can grab that by right.
点击viewport Clicking on the viewport
在这下面 Somewhere down here,
我们要做的就是按住shift键 然后从这里拖拽到这里的一个对应点来创建几何图形并确保它是一个对应的点 And what we have to do is hold down the shift key and left, click and drag from one point up here to a corresponding point down here to create the geometry and make sure it's a corresponding point.
因为如果你像这样拖动 整个就会被关闭 Because if you drag like this, the whole will be closed.
但是几何图形看起来有点古怪 所以这不是我们想要的 But the geometry will look a bit funky, so that's not what we want.
我们来做一下 我们需要再做一次 再一次 在这里 So let's do this properly, and we have to do this over here one more time and once again over here
我们已经选择了所有的边缘循环 And we have all of the edge loops still selected.
我们直接到钟形工具再做一个固体斜面这里的偏移量是2厘米 So let's go straight to the bell tool and do another solid bevel here with an offset of two centimeters
让我们添加一个细分的表面对象我们已经完成了 And let's add a subdivision surface object and we're done
所以我们得到了一个好看的物体 So we're getting a nice looking object
现在这个有点高了 Now this is a bit high.
多聚 也许你不想用那么多的几何图形 Poly, and maybe you don't want to use that much geometry.
但就像我一开始说的 你确实需要一些旋转段来让这个转变看起来很漂亮 我已经准备好了一个例子 But like I said at the beginning, you do need quite a few rotation segments to make this transition look nice and clean, and I've prepared an example
有几个低聚的相同键连接的版本 With a few low Poly versions of the same key connection.
对于第一个 我用了8个旋转段作为圆柱 So for the first one, I used eight rotation segments for a cylinder.
现在他可以不这么做了 这取决于离摄像机有多远 Now he could get away with this, depending on how far this is away from the camera,
所以 根据摄像机的角度 你在这里所得到的诽谤将不会那么明显 但是如果我们把摄像机移到这里 So, and also, depending on the camera angle, the defamation you will get up here will not be as noticeable, but if we move the camera two over here,
例如 做一个渲染 For example, and do a render
你可以看到诽谤是很明显的 它几乎一直追溯到这里 You can see the defamation is quite noticeable and it goes almost all the way back to here.
让我们看一看更高的分辨率 So let's have a look at a higher resolution.
第二个对象的对象 Object for the second one
我用了12个旋转段 如果你看一下 如果我们做一个渲染 I used a twelve rotation segments, and if you take a look, if we do a render
在这里 在正确的观点中 Here, in the right view,
很容易看到 It's pretty easy to see
不同的是 这是低分辨率的物体 The difference, So this is the low resolution object.
我们在这里得到了很多的诽谤这个有12个旋转段看起来 看起来更干净了 We're getting a lot of defamation here and this one with twelve rotation segments look, it looks much cleaner
我已经准备了第三个例子使用16个旋转段 这个看起来更简洁 And I've prepared a third example using sixteen rotation segments, and this will even look cleaner
好的 也许从这个距离费中 区别是 如果它有点难辨认 但它在那里 OK, so maybe from this distance fee, the difference is, if it is a bit difficult to spot, but it's there
好了 这就是本教程的结尾部分 OK, so this is the end of the tutorial.
我希望你喜欢它 下一节再见 I hope you've enjoyed it, and I'll see you in the next one.