World Top 10 Radars and their fighter 世界十大雷达及其战斗机
The primary sensor of the modern fighter remains the radar. 现代战斗机的主要传感器仍然是雷达。
Up until the 1980s operating a radar effectively required a great degree of skill; 直到20世纪80年代，有效地操作雷达都需要很高的技能;
today's digital radars are simple to use, long-ranged and harder to jam than ever. 今天的数字雷达使用简单，距离远，比以往更难干扰。
As well as detection, modern sets can be used to jam, communicate and 除了检测之外，现代雷达还可用于干扰、通信和
collect information about enemy sensors and communications. 收集关于敌人传感器和通信信息。
In the future AESAs will even be able to 'fry' enemy radars by overloading them with radio energy. 在未来，AESAs甚至可以通过用电磁波能量过载来“干掉”敌方雷达。
That aircraft like the Rafale and Super Hornet are equally adept at the air superiority and 像“阵风”和“超级大黄蜂”这样的飞机，既有空中优势
ground attack missions has a great deal to do with the extreme versatility of the contemporary radar, 又擅长地面攻击，这与现代雷达的多功能有很大关系
which can simultaneously scan the air for fighters as it looks for ground targets. 可以让雷达在寻找地面目标的同时，扫描战斗机所处空域。
There are two types of fighter radar, mechanical- and electronically scanning. 有两种类型的战斗机雷达：机械扫描和电子扫描。
The latter can be divided into three categories: passive scanning, active scanning and 'hybrid tilters'. 电子扫描可分为三类：无源扫描，有源扫描和混合方式。
The passive electronically scanning array radar (PESA) have a single radio source that 无源电子扫描阵列雷达（PESA）具有单个发射机
sends energy to multiple receive/transmit modules. 将能量发送到多个接收/发送模块。
The PESA is relatively simple to create, but not as versatile as the AESA. PESA创建起来相对简单，但不像AESA那样通用。
The first PESA fighter radar was carried by the MiG-31, which entered service in 1981. 第一架PESA战斗机雷达由MiG-31携带，该机于1981年投入使用。
The active electronically scanned array (AESA) also uses multiple modules but each can send 有源电子扫描阵列（AESA）也使用多个模块，但每个模块都可以发送
a different radio signal (different in frequency or direction) allowing a greater degree of 不同的无线电信号（频率或方向不同）允许更大程度的
versatility, and making the radar harder to jam. 多功能性，使雷达更难卡住。
The first frontline fighter to carry an AESA was the Mitsubishi F-2, though the Raytheon 携带AESA的第一个前线战斗机是三菱F-2，虽然是雷神公司
APG-63(V)2 for the US� F-15C beat the type into full operational service in 2000. 美国F-15C的APG-63（V）2在2000年击败了该类型的全面运营服务。
One of the limitations of AESA in the fighter role is that the signal is weaker at extreme AESA在战斗机角色中的局限之一是信号在极端情况下较弱
fields of regard � a AESA can only see well at up to 60 degrees to the side. 关注的领域 - AESA只能在高达60度的情况下看到。
This issue will be addressed in the new hybrid tilting radars for the Typhoon and Gripen 这个问题将在Typhoon和Gripen的新型混合倾斜雷达中得到解决
E/F which are AESAs mounted on tiltable plates. E / F是安装在可倾斜板上的AESA。
Russia�s PAK FA will also address the �field of regard� issue with cheek-mounted arrays 俄罗斯的PAK FA也将解决与面颊安装阵列有关的问题
(additional to the AESA in the nose). （除鼻子上的AESA外）。
However- neither the new Gripen E/F, Typhoon or PAK FA radar have entered service so do 然而，新的Gripen E / F，Typhoon或PAK FA雷达都没有投入使用
not make this list. 不要列这个清单。
Radar performance is an extremely sensitive subject with security implications, so most 雷达性能是一个极其敏感的主题，具有安全隐患
of the important data is classified- but a broad understanding of capabilities can be 重要数据的分类 - 但对能力的广泛理解可以是
described from open sources. 从开源来源描述。
The order is meaningful, but certainly not definitive: adhering to the top 10 format 订单是有意义的，但肯定不是明确的：坚持前10名格式
always requires a simplification. 总是需要简化。
Much is open to interpretation so I am happy to receive corrections and additional information 很多解释是开放的，所以我很高兴收到更正和其他信息
from reputable sources. 来自信誉良好的来源。
10 : FGM29 Zhuk-ME/FGM129 Zhuk-M1E joint place with PS-05/A Mk 3 10：FGM29 Zhuk-ME / FGM129 Zhuk-M1E与PS-05 / A Mk 3联合
The baseline MiG-29�s radar proved surprisingly capable when it was assessed by Western observers 在西方观察员评估时，基准MiG-29�s雷达的能力令人惊讶
in the 1990s, despite its poor pilot interface. 在20世纪90年代，尽管其导航界面很差。
But this is positively prehistoric compared to the radar of the most advanced MiG-29s 但与最先进的米格-29的雷达相比，这是史前正面的
in service today. 今天在服务。
The MiG-29SMT (in service with the air forces of Russia and Yemen) carries the impressive 米格-29SMT（服务于俄罗斯和也门的空军）带来了令人印象深刻的
FGM29 Zhuk-ME which boasts a search range of around 120 km against fighter-size targets. FGM29 Zhuk-ME拥有大约120公里的搜索范围，可以对抗战斗机大小的目标。
This mechanically scanning slotted aerial array radar is soon to receive software updates 这种机械扫描开槽航空阵列雷达很快就会收到软件更新
and additional modes in Russian air force service to further enhance its already impressive 俄罗斯空军服务的其他模式进一步提升其已经令人印象深刻
abilities. 能力。
The FGM129 Zhuk-M1E, carried by the MiG-29K (used by the Russian and Indian Navies) is 由米格-29K（俄罗斯和印度海军使用）携带的FGM129 Zhuk-M1E是
even better, detecting fighter-sized targets a full 10 km further away. 甚至更好，检测距离整整10公里的战斗机大小的目标。
It can also simultaneously engage four aerial targets with active-radar missiles. 它还可以同时使用有源雷达导弹使用四个空中目标。
The Gripen�s Saab EDS PS-05/A is an extremely reliable, easy to maintain and mature radar Gripen�sSaabEDS PS-05 / A是一种非常可靠，易于维护和成熟的雷达
carried by the Saab Gripen. 由Saab Gripen携带。
It boasts a large amount of effective modes and is said to have a high degree of immunity 它拥有大量的有效模式，据说具有很高的免疫力
against jamming. 防止干扰。
It is however let down by its small size and age (which is compensated by Gripen�s excellent 然而，它的体积和年龄都很小（Gripen�s很好地弥补了这一点
datalinks). 数据链）。
According to the leaked Swiss fighter evaluation the Gripen trailed behind both the larger 根据泄露的瑞士战斗机评估，Gripen落后于两者较大
Rafale and Typhoon in terms of detection and acquisition. 阵风和台风在探测和获取方面。
The latest version, the Mark 3, offers a significant increase in range and sensitivity over the 最新版本Mark 3在范围和灵敏度方面均有显着提升
earlier variants. 早期的变种。
The Mark 4 promises even greater performance, especially against stealthy targets (see below)- 马克4承诺更大的表现，特别是对隐形目标（见下文） -
which Aviation Week believes �points to the use of multi-hypothesis or track-before-detect 航空周认为�指出使用多假设或跟踪前检测
algorithms to pull targets out of clutter� � but has yet to receive a firm order. 算法将目标从混乱中拉出来，但尚未收到确定的订单。
The set is mechanical scanning, but Saab has chosen to stick with this technology as an 该套装是机械扫描，但萨博选择坚持使用这项技术
AESA would demand significant changes to the aircraft to provide sufficient cooling (though AESA将要求对飞机进行重大改变以提供足够的冷却（尽管如此）
conversely an AESA upgrade has been offered). 相反，已提供AESA升级）。
The combination of the Mk 4 and Meteor would be particularly effective. Mk 4和Meteor的组合将特别有效。
9 : NIIP N011M Bars and RP-31M Zaslon The BARS is unusual in being designed with 9：NIIP N011M棒和RP-31M Zaslon BARS的设计非同寻常
a hybrid array arrangement, sitting between Passive ESAs (PESA) and contemporary AESAs. 混合阵列布置，位于被动式ESA（PESA）和现代AESA之间。
This design solution may have come from the absence of the notoriously tricky to master 这种设计解决方案可能来自缺乏众所周知的难以掌握
Gallium Arsenide power transistors (even Western European companies, with their incresed emphasis 砷化镓功率晶体管（甚至是西欧公司，其重点更加突出
on high technology, found this hard). 关于高科技，发现这很难）。
Design maximum search range for an F-16 target was said to be 140-160km, and an early lower-power 设计F-16目标的最大搜索范围据说是140-160km，而早期的低功率
version is said to have detected a Su-27 at over 320km. 据说在超过320公里处发现了一架苏-27。
It is carried by all Su-30M and until recently was the best radar in service on a Russian 它由所有苏-30M携带，直到最近才是俄罗斯最好的雷达服务
fighter. 战斗机。
The enormous power is a mixed blessing: it endows it with an impressive detection range, 巨大的力量是一种混合的祝福：它赋予它一个令人印象深刻的探测范围，
but also makes it detectable to hostile sensors from huge distances. 但也可以远距离检测敌方传感器。
RP-31M The MiG-31�s RP-31 was the first ever operational RP-31M米格-31�sRP-31是有史以来第一次投入使用
electronically-scanned phased array fighter radar. 电子扫描相控阵战斗机雷达。
The M variant can track up to 24 targets and simultaneously engage four well-spaced targets M变体可以跟踪多达24个目标并同时接合四个间距很大的目标
flying at altitude 50 m to 30 km and with a speed of 3,700 km/h (head-on). 飞行高度50米至30公里，速度为3,700公里/小时（正面）。
Claimed search ranges for the earlier variants are 280 km for the E-3 Sentry, 200 km for 早期变型的声称搜索范围为E-3 Sentry 280公里，200公里
SR-71 flying at over 25 km altitude, 180 km for B-1B, 120 km for F-16 and 65 km for low-flying SR-71飞行高度超过25公里，B-1B飞行180公里，F-16飞行120公里，低空飞行65公里
AGM-86B cruise missiles, all head-on (tail-on ranges are about 40-50% of the above). AGM-86B巡航导弹全部正面（尾部上升范围约为上述范围的40-50％）。
Search angles are 70� each side in azimuth, and +70�, -60� in elevation. 搜索角度方位角各边70�，仰角+70�，-60�。
The RP-31M has even greater search ranges- in 1994 it was claimed that a MiG-31 destroyed RP-31M拥有更大的搜索范围 - 1994年有人声称米格-31被摧毁
a target 300km away using the R-33 missile. 使用R-33导弹在300公里以外的目标。
8. 8。
Euroradar Captor The Last Swinging Disc in Town and RP-31 Zaslon-A pulse-Doppler radar Euroradar Captor镇上最后摆动的圆盘和RP-31 Zaslon-A脉冲多普勒雷达
That Typhoon still does not have an AESA, is something of an embarrassment to Eurofighter, 台风仍然没有AESA，这对欧洲战斗机来说是一种尴尬，
who could be said to fudge the facts in their literature to imply that Captor-E is in service: 谁可以说他们在文献中捏造事实暗示Captor-E在服务：
it is not. 它不是。
But at least the existing Captor-M is the best mechanically-scanning radar in the world, 但至少现有的Captor-M是世界上最好的机械扫描雷达，
with twice the power output of the APG-65, the ability to track 20 air targets simultaneously APG-65的输出功率是APG-65的两倍，能够同时跟踪20个空中目标
and automatically identify and prioritise them. 并自动识别并确定其优先级。
It is a coherent I / J-band (8-12 GHz) pulse Doppler, radar with a 70cm diameter antenna. 它是一个相干的I / J波段（8-12 GHz）脉冲多普勒雷达，具有70厘米直径的天线。
Even though it features a mechanically steered array, the low inertia non-counterbalanced 即使它具有机械转向阵列，低惯性也是非平衡的
antenna combined with four high torque, samarium-cobalt drive motors is capable of extremely high 天线结合四个高扭矩，钐钴驱动电机是非常高的
scanning speeds. 扫描速度。
The most remarkable achievement for the Captor is its ability to interleave different operations Captor最显着的成就是它能够交错不同的操作
(such as air and ground mapping), something few if any other mechanically scanning radars （如空中和地面测绘），几乎没有其他机械扫描雷达
can match to the same degree. 可以匹配到相同的程度。
It is unique in having a separate data channel exclusively for screening ECM, claiming to 它是独一无二的，拥有一个独立的数据通道专门用于筛选ECM，声称
offer a robust protection from enemy interference (though a mechanical radar is still more vulnerable 提供强大的保护，免受敌人的干扰（虽然机械雷达仍然更容易受到攻击
to jamming than an AESA set). 干扰比AESA设置）。
Released figures state that the Captor can detect MiG-29-sized targets at 160 km and 发布的数据表明，Captor可以在160公里处探测到米格-29大小的目标
C-160s at over 320 km. C-160s超过320公里。
The electronically scanned Captor-E that will probably replace the Captor is expected to 预计可能取代Captor的电子扫描Captor-E
be an exceptional device, in some respects (field of regard and possibly range) superior 是一种特殊的设备，在某些方面（关注领域和可能的范围）优越
to even the F-22�s APG-77. 甚至是F-22的APG-77。
Eurofighter have commented that during evaluations by potential customers looking at Typhoon 欧洲战斗机评论说，在寻找台风的潜在客户进行评估时
and Rafale, that Typhoon consistently detected targets at longer ranges than did the PESA 和Rafale一样，Typhoon一直在检测比PESA更远的目标
RBE2. RBE2。
In the Swiss evaluation (below) Typhoon scored worse than Rafale for acquisition but better 在瑞士的评估中（下文）台风的收视率比Rafale更差，但更好
for engagement. 参与。
7. 7。
N135 Irbis The Su-35 is now in operational service with N135 Irbis Su-35现在正在运营中
the Russian air force and according to some analysts is an effective counter to Europe�s 根据一些分析师的说法，俄罗斯空军是对欧洲的有效对抗
Typhoon and Rafale. 台风和阵风。
The primary sensor of its integrated suite is the monstrously powerful N135 Irbis, a 其集成套件的主要传感器是功能强大的N135 Irbis，a
passively scanning electronic array radar (in some respects it is a PESA/mechanically 被动扫描电子阵列雷达（在某些方面它是PESA /机械
scanning hybrid). 扫描混合）。
Compared to the Bars radar of earlier �Flanker�s it has a wider range of operational frequencies, 与早期�Flanker的条形雷达相比，它具有更广泛的工作频率，
greater angular search zone of up to +/-125� (due to better aerial and double-step drive), 更大的角度搜索区域，最高+/-125�（由于更好的天线和双步驱动），
longer range and better resistance to jamming, finer resolution. 更长的范围和更好的抗干扰性，更好的分辨率。
TWS for up to 30 air targets, eight of which can be simultaneously engaged them by active-radar TWS可容纳多达30个空中目标，其中8个可以通过主动雷达同时使用它们
AAMs. 空空导弹。
At peak power (limited to narrow sector) it can see a fighter-sized target from 217-249 在峰值功率（限于狭窄的扇区），它可以看到战斗机大小的目标从217-249
miles (350-400 km) in head-on or 93 miles (150 km) in tail-on position. 正面英里（350-400公里）或尾部位置为93英里（150公里）。
6.Raytheon AN/APG-79 (Super Hornet) The Unreliable Witness of the Fleet 6.Raytheon AN / APG-79（超级大黄蜂）舰队的不可靠证人
The Super Hornet�s AESA radar, with 1100 (it may actually be as high as 1368) transmitter/receiver 超级大黄蜂的AESA雷达，1100（可能实际上高达1368）发射器/接收器
modules, is very impressive on paper, but reports from the DOT&E indicated less than 模块，在纸面上令人印象深刻，但来自DOT＆E的报告显示不到
glowing reviews from the real world: a 2007 report assessed as not operationally effective 来自现实世界的评论：2007年的一份报告被评估为无效
or suitable due to significant deficiencies in tactical performance, reliability, and 或者由于战术性能，可靠性和战术性能的显着不足而适用
BIT functionality. BIT功能。
The Navy conducted APG-79 radar FOT&E [follow-on test and evaluation] in 2009 and reported 海军在2009年进行了APG-79雷达FOT＆E [后续测试和评估]并进行了报道
that significant deficiencies remained for both APG-79 AESA performance and suitability; APG-79 AESA的性能和适用性仍然存在重大缺陷;
DOT&E concurred with this assessment. DOT＆E同意这一评估。
Since then there have been some improvements however, �operational testing does not demonstrate 从那时起，有一些改进，但是，操作性测试没有证明
a statistically significant difference in mission accomplishment between F/A-18E/F aircraft F / A-18E / F飞机在任务完成方面存在统计上显着的差异
equipped with AESA and those equipped with the legacy radar�. 配备AESA和那些配备传统雷达的�。
A report released in 2013 cited �The radar�s failure to meet reliability requirements and 2013年发布的一份报告引用了雷达未能满足可靠性要求和
poor built-in test (BIT) performance remain as shortfalls from previous test and evaluation 糟糕的内置测试（BIT）性能仍然是之前测试和评估的不足之处
periods. 周期。
Despite this many pilots have expressed delight with the abilities of the radar, especially 尽管如此，许多飞行员都对雷达的能力表示满意，特别是
its power to perform two tasks (A2A + A2G) at once. 它能够同时执行两项任务（A2A + A2G）。
In 2015 Raytheon has flight tested the APG-79(V) X, a scaled down version intended for the 2015年，雷神公司对APG-79（V）X进行了飞行测试，这是一款缩小版本
legacy (C/D) Hornet fleet. 遗产（C / D）大黄蜂舰队。
5. 5。
Thales RBE2 AESA Though the AESA variant of the RBE2 may be Thales RBE2 AESA虽然RBE2的AESA变体可能是
one of the smallest radars on this list it should not be underestimated. 这个清单上最小的雷达之一不容小觑。
When the Rafale entered service in 2001 it carried the RBE 2 radar, the first electronically 当阵风在2001年投入使用时，它带有RBE 2雷达，第一个是电子雷达
scanning fighter radar in Western Europe. 在西欧扫描战斗机雷达。
The radar has greatly impressed pilots, with many commenting on the excellent situational 雷达给飞行员留下了深刻的印象，很多评论都是出色的情景
awareness it provides, and how easy it is to use on combat missions. 它提供的意识，以及在战斗任务中使用它是多么容易。
The original RBE 2 is a passively scanned radar (the first of this type was the MiG-31�s 最初的RBE 2是被动扫描的雷达（这种类型的第一个是MiG-31�s
Zaslon of 1981), something many consider a technological cul-de-sac. 1981年的Zaslon），许多人认为是技术的死胡同。
PESA�s have a single critical failure point, a risky proposition in a combat radar. PESA有一个关键的故障点，在战斗雷达中是一个冒险的命题。
But the PESA was a stepping stone to AESA development. 但PESA是AESA发展的踏脚石。
It was a huge publicity coup for Thales, when the RBE 2 AESA became the first European AESA 当RBE 2 AESA成为第一个欧洲AESA时，这对Thales来说是一次巨大的宣传
radar to enter operational service. 雷达进入运营服务。
The AESA has a field of regard of 70� on either side of the aircraft axis and between AESA在飞机轴两侧和之间有一个70�的区域
800-1100 T/R modules. 800-1100 T / R模块。
According to Thales, the radar offers an impressive improvement over the earlier passive-scanned 根据Thales的说法，雷达比早期的被动扫描提供了令人印象深刻的改进
RBE 2; in terms of performance, detection range is increased by more than fifty per RBE 2;在性能方面，检测范围增加了50多个
cent and the radar�s ability to �look� in many directions simultaneously offers enhanced 分和雷达同时向多个方向观察的能力提供了增强
tracking capabilities. 跟踪功能。
Angular coverage in azimuth is improved and targets with lower radar cross section can 方位角的角度覆盖得到改善，雷达截面较小的目标可以
also be detected. 也被发现了。
While understandably cagey in discussing such a sensitive subject, Thales acknowledges multiple 虽然在讨论这样一个敏感话题时可以理解，但Thales承认多重
Rafales with AESA could work together to detect stealthy targets. 使用AESA的Rafales可以共同检测隐身目标。
It is expected that electronic attack capabilities will be impressive and work hand-in-hand with 预计电子攻击能力将令人印象深刻，并与之携手合作
the widely respected SPECTRA suite, though Thales also refuses to comment on this sensitive 受到广泛尊重的SPECTRA套件虽然Thales也拒绝评论这种敏感性
subject. 学科。
Unlike the Raven and Captor E, the RBE 2 AESA is a conventional fixed AESA. 与Raven和Captor E不同，RBE 2 AESA是传统的固定AESA。
The decision not to include a repositioner was made in the mid-1990s after a detailed 不包括重新定位器的决定是在详细的20世纪90年代中期之后作出的
study. 研究。
The conclusion was drawn that though a repositioner is a good solution when the combat situation 得出的结论是，当战斗情况时，重新定位是一个很好的解决方案
is simple, it becomes absolutely irrelevant when it the battlespace becomes more complex 很简单，当战斗空间变得更加复杂时，它变得绝对无关紧要
due to a high quantity of targets spread in space. 由于大量目标在太空中传播。
The repositioned solution was also considered irrelevant for the majority of the missions. 重新定位的解决方案也被认为与大多数任务无关。
Cynical observers have questioned whether a repositioner could have been fitted in the 玩世不恭的观察者质疑是否可以安装复位器
petite nose of the Rafale, though the success of the Gripen�s Raven suggests this need 尽管Gripen�sRaven的成功表明了这种需要，但是阵风的小小的鼻子
not be an issue.Converting a Rafale to the new radar is reportedly very easy: it takes 据报道，将Rafale转换为新雷达非常容易：它需要
less than two hours to remove the PESA and to �plug and play� the AESA antenna. 不到两个小时就可以移除PESA，然后�插入并播放AESA天线。
The RBE 2 AESA is the same weight as the baseline radar and uses the same interface. RBE 2 AESA与基线雷达的重量相同，并使用相同的接口。
Sixty RBE 2 AESA were ordered for Batch 4 Rafales; there are currently no plans to reequip 批量4 Rafales订购了60个RBE 2 AESA;目前没有计划重新装备
the rest of the air force and navy fleet. 其余的空军和海军舰队。
T/R Modules: 800-1100 T/R modules (est). T / R模块：800-1100 T / R模块（est）。
4. 4。
AN/APG-80 The F-16E/Fs radar was said to be the first AN / APG-80据说F-16E / Fs雷达是第一个
example of export customers receiving superior kit to USAF. 出口客户向美国空军收到优质套件的例子。
It has a higher reliability and twice the range of older, mechanically-scanned AN/APG-68 它具有更高的可靠性和旧机械扫描AN / APG-68的两倍范围
radar systems. 雷达系统。
It has around 1000 T/R Modules and is considered by pilots both reliable and mature. 它有大约1000个T / R模块，飞行员认为它们既可靠又成熟。
3. 3。
Raytheon AN/APG-63(V)3 (F-15C/F-15SG) Building on the experience with the APG-79 雷神AN / APG-63（V）3（F-15C / F-15SG）以APG-79的经验为基础
but with the capacious nosecone and huge electrical power of the F-15 allowed Raytheon to create 但是由于F-15的宽大的鼻锥和巨大的电力使雷神公司能够创造出来
a radar that is both sophisticated and extremely powerful. 雷达既复杂又极其强大。
The APG-63 has come on leaps and bounds from the rather primitive and ineffective set fitted APG-63已经从相当原始和无效的装置中实现了跨越式发展
to the original F-15As � in fact the new radar features little of the original mechanical 原来的F-15As�实际上新雷达的功能很少
set. 组。
Raytheon is the most experienced manufacturer and designer of AESA radars in the world- 雷神公司是世界上最有经验的AESA雷达制造商和设计师 -
the company dominates the AESA market, according to the company�s promotional material it 根据该公司的宣传资料，该公司在AESA市场占据主导地位
has produced 500 of the 780 AESAs in service worldwide � and the creation of an active 已经生产了全球服务的780个AESA中的500个，并创造了一个活跃的
�63 has given the old Eagle a formidable improvement. �63给了老鹰一个强大的进步。
The APG-63(V)3 radar is an update of the (V)2of the APG-63(V)2, applying the same AESA technology APG-63（V）3雷达是APG-63（V）2（V）2的更新，采用相同的AESA技术
utilised in Raytheon�s APG-79. 在Raytheon的APG-79中使用。
The (V)3 is designed for retrofit into F-15C/D and deployed in Singapore�s new F-15SG aircraft. （V）3设计用于改装为F-15C / D并部署在新加坡的新型F-15SG飞机上。
Those F-15s fitted with the V3 are a match for any potential adversary in the beyond-visual-range 那些配备V3的F-15可以匹配超视距范围内的任何潜在对手
fight. 斗争。
2. 2。
Northrop Grumman AN/APG-81 Eye of the blighted Though the F-35 has endured a horrific development, 诺斯罗普·格鲁曼公司AN / APG-81眼中的眼睛虽然F-35经历了可怕的发展，
one success story from this blighted programme is the radar which is by most accounts excellent. 从这个破败的计划中获得的一个成功故事是大多数人认为优秀的雷达。
It is likely that its offensive jamming capabilities (using the AESA) will be a significant development 它的进攻性干扰能力（使用AESA）很可能是一项重大进展
in the history of aircraft radar. 在飞机雷达的历史。
The complexity of the F-35 sensor and weapon system is such that the potential (and an F-35传感器和武器系统的复杂性使得潜力（和
acceptable level of reliability) is unlikely to be reached for some years. 多年来不太可能达到可接受的可靠性水平。
Much of the F-35�s unprecedented level of situational awareness is thanks to the highly F-35的许多前所未有的态势感知水平都得益于其高度的重要性
automated and extremely sophisticated �81. 自动化，非常复杂�81。
1.Northrop Grumman APG-77(V)1 American Sniper No expense was spared in creating the F-22�s 1.Northrop Grumman APG-77（V）1美国狙击手在制造F-22�时没有花费任何费用
main sensor. 主传感器。
Large, powerful and sophisticated, the APG-77 is also beneficiary to almost unlimited funding APG-77庞大，强大且精致，也是几乎无限制资金的受益者
to keep it at the top of its game. 让它保持在游戏的顶端。
The APG-77 is an active electronically scanning radar and has an impressive 1500 transmitter APG-77是一种有源电子扫描雷达，拥有令人印象深刻的1500发射器
receiver modules. 接收器模块。
The relationship between performance and the amount of T/R modules is such that manufacturers 性能与T / R模块数量之间的关系就是制造商
are very cagey about sharing specifics (though observers with obsessive tenacity can count 在分享具体细节方面非常谨慎（尽管有强迫观念的观察者可以算数
the amount visible from photographs). 照片中可见的数量）。
One disadvantage of the �77 its is use of old-fashioned CPUs, which are tricky to maintain.The �77的一个缺点是使用老式的CPU，维护起来很棘手
degree of sensor fusion in the F-22 is very high- in particular the relationship between F-22中的传感器融合程度非常高 - 特别是它们之间的关系
the F-22�s radar and EW suite, further enhances the APG-77�s effectiveness. F-22的雷达和EW套件进一步提高了APG-77的效果。
One of the main advantages of this radar is the Low Probability of Intercept (it is designed 这种雷达的主要优点之一是低拦截概率（它的设计
to not be conspicuous to enemy radar warning receivers), if this works in combat it will 不要对敌人的雷达警告接收器显眼，如果这在战斗中有效的话
be a major boon. 是一个重要的福音。
Some wonder the degree to which modern AESA-based RWRs would be able to detect it even a LPI 有些人想知道基于现代AESA的RWR即使是LPI也能检测到它的程度
radar, but international training exercises show that LPI does work, with feckless opponents 雷达，但国际训练演示表明LPI确实有效，对手是无能为力的
having little warning of an impending Raptor attack. 对即将发生的猛禽袭击事件几乎没有任何警告。