邮件
'燃烧'这个线索 作用于哪边半球 which side the clue, burn, is played to.
椅子
自由
我们发现 显而易见的 What we found, remarkably,
右脑半球针对提示线索的敏感性 is that the right hemisphere was actually more sensitive
强于左脑半球 to the hints than the left hemisphere.
因此当我们在左边视野展示信息时 So when we presented information to the left visual field,
人们解决该谜题的可能性更大 people were more likely to solve the problem.
Jonathan发现相比于左脑半球 Jonathan's found that the right side of the brain
右脑半球更有可能通过联想 is more likely than the left to make that connection
从而带来灵光一现的反应 that leads to a sudden flash of insight.
谜题已经成为开展研究 Puzzles have become a rather important way
灵感是如何发生的很重要的一种手段 of starting to understand how insight happens.
但对于科学家而言 这一切仅仅是达成[] But for scientists, it's just the beginning
理解赋予我们创造力的 of a much more ambitious attempt
诸多同时作用的脑部进程的 to understand all the different mental processes
这雄心勃勃目标的起始而已 that together help to make us creative.
他们在我们脑中是如何运作的 How they work in our brains.
因为如果我们明晰这些 Because if we could understand them,
也许我们都将更加富有创造力 we might all become a bit more creative.
从一种崭新而实用的角度去思考的能力 The ability to think in novel and useful ways
已经成为评判人类能力的衡量标准之一 has been one of the defining features of the human species.
我认为富有创造力已成为成功的基础 I think creativity has been essential to the success of humans.
Charles Limb博士 约翰·霍普金斯大学
every single conception lead forward
in some way was aforme of creativity
人们经常将创造力与艺术家 音乐或者舞蹈相关联 a lot of people associate creativity with artist and musics and dance but,
如果你持有iPhone 如果你正畅游网络 if you have an iphone, if you enjoy the Internet,
Rex Jung博士 新墨西哥大学
诸如此类的 things like that.
是科技创造出他们的【】 Science created that.
它助我们飞向月球 It helped us to fly to the moon,
战胜病魔 to cure illnesses,
研发微处理器 to develop microprocessors
4空白时间轴
幕 I think you can see it everywhere.
字幕 Until recently,
字 research into creativity has focused on
幕 what could be seen from the outside,
字幕 observing human behaviour and psychology.
字幕 Now, the tools of neuroscience allow us
字幕 to look inside the brain,
字幕 to try and capture inspiration as it strikes.
字幕 Mark Beeman is one of the pioneers of this new science.
字 He's setting out to try and discover
幕 the neural correlate of creativity.
字 That's the bit of your brain
幕 that corresponds to these creative moments of insight.
字幕 The difficulty of solving insight in the lab is
???
字幕 we can't just take the next Archimedes or the next Einstein
字幕 and stick her in a brain scanner
字幕 and wait for her to have a great "Aha" Moment.
字幕 Even if she was willing we would need more than one "Aha"
字幕 moment or eureka moment to study,
字幕 because a lot of things are going on in the brain all the time.
字幕 So he's come up with a systematic way to induce lots of insights.
字幕 Take a look at these three words.
字幕 What word goes with - pine, crab, and sauce?
字幕 Can you figure out what connects them?
字幕 How are you trying to solve this problem?
字幕 Are you testing out one word after another?
字 That's the analytical way.
幕 字幕 But you might also suddenly "Get it" in a flash of insight.
字幕 Pine, crab, sauce.
字幕 Did you get it?
字幕 It's apple.
字 But more importantly,
幕 did you get there by methodical, logical thinking?
字幕 Or did lightning strike?
字幕 Hi, Laura. Thanks for coming in today, I'm Dasha.
字幕 We'll be doing the EEG setup now.
字幕 If you can just move your hair back.
字 In his lab, just outside Chicago,
幕 字幕 Mark's team are getting ready to try and capture these insight moments.
字幕 For two millennia, since Archimedes shouted "Eureka,"
字幕 people have believed that there's some kind of different procssing
字幕 that allows them to sometimes have these novel ideas.
字幕 But because it feels different doesn't necessarily mean
字幕 that there's different brain activity,
字幕 there's been arguments about that.
字 Mark's PhD student, Dasha,
幕 places an electroencephalogram,
字幕 or EEG cap, on a volunteer.
字幕 This will measure her brain activity as she solves the problems.
1空白时间轴
2空白时间轴
字幕 Fire. Correct. Insight.
字 We're examining Laura's brainwaves
幕 as she's trying to solve problems and then she tells us
字幕 whether she solves the problem analytically or by insight.
3空白时间轴
字幕 Sun. Yes, that's correct.
字幕 So we're relying on her to be able to tell us
字幕 how she's solving the problem.
字幕 Analysis.
字幕 He records data from every one of these fleeting insight moments
字幕 using two very different scientific tools.
字幕 FMRI is very good at picking up where in the brain
字幕 something's happening,
字幕 and EEG is very good at telling us when it happens.
字幕 Can. Correct. Analysis.
字幕 He's now analysed hundreds of hours of brainwaves.
字幕 And what that shows is that we really are thinking differently
字幕 when we have a creative moment.
字幕 Writer. Correct. Insight.
字幕 There are differences when people tell us
字 they solved it by insight versus
幕 when they tell us they solved analytically -
字 they are doing different things,
幕 behaving in different ways,
字 having different ideas in their mind,
幕 different parts of their brain active,
字幕 both at the moment that they solve it and leading up to that moment.
???
字幕 In a sense, he's found the creative spark.
字幕 Not just how it happens, but where it happens.
字幕 The part of your brain where these moments occur.
字 It happens here -
幕 the anterior superior temporal gyrus.
字幕 We have one on either side.
字幕 During a flash of insight, the left doesn't really react.
字幕 But the right side does.
???
字幕 Insight.
1空白时间轴
2空白时间轴
3空白时间轴
4空白时间轴
字幕 A striking increase in high energy brainwaves,
字幕 called gamma waves, erupts from this one spot.
字幕 The brain's two halves may look like a mirror image.
字幕 Yet this aspect of creativity,
字幕 insight, does seem to happen in the right hemisphere.
字幕 That's because there is a subtle,
字幕 but very real structural difference.
字幕 So it turns out neurons actually do differ on the left
字 and right hemisphere,
幕 very subtly in the ways that they're wired.
字幕 The dendrites, the pieces of neurons that collect information,
字幕 actually branch differently in,
字幕 at least some neurons, on the left and right side,
字幕 characteristically having broader branching on the right hemisphere,
字 so that each neuron is collecting information
幕 from a broader source of input,
字幕 and this allows them to find connections
字幕 that might not be evident otherwise.
字幕 Brain cells on the left have short dendrites,
字幕 useful for pulling in information from nearby.
字幕 But the cells on the right branch out much further
字幕 and pull together distant, unrelated ideas.
字幕 So it's here that novel connections between concepts
字幕 can get made in a flash of insight.
字幕 It's not just that these moments of creative insight
字幕 feel subjectively different.
字幕 They are objectively different in your brain.
字幕 The moment of insight feels instantaneous.
字幕 John Kounios has discovered it's anything but.
字幕 He's interested in understanding the sequence of brainwaves