well hello and welcome to this english
lesson where i'm going to talk a little
bit about
pain and injuries i'm going to talk
about the things that
don't feel right with your body after
you do something
like go for a run and maybe you run too
long or maybe you fall down
these are the kinds of things that you
will probably talk about
if you go to the doctor so this is a
really good lesson
if you want to learn how to explain
what's wrong with you
when you're in the doctor's office or
when talking to someone
at a doctor's office like a nurse so
i'll talk about things like scrapes and
bruises and
all of those kinds of things let's get
started when you go to the doctor
when you go to see a doctor because
something is wrong with you
please notice the phrases that i'm using
we go to the doctor when something is
wrong with us
okay maybe you have a headache maybe
something else is wrong with you
usually one of the first things the
doctor will ask is where does it hurt
so if you've gone to the doctor because
of an injury
an injury is something like when you
fall and break your arm
or when you hit your head in a car
accident we would say you have an injury
the doctor will most often say where
does it hurt
he might say something or she might say
something like
what can i do for you today or what
seems to be the problem
those are other common questions as well
but generally if you go in
because you have pain the doctor is
going to say where does it hurt
and then you will point to the part of
your body that hurts
it's a very common question
i want to go over three words though um
i want to go over the word
sore the word hurt and the word
pain okay because each of these is used
in a couple of ways
when you are sore it means that you have
pain somewhere okay so you could answer
the doctor and say i have a sore
elbow so this is your elbow you could
say i have a sore elbow
you could also say my elbow is sore
if the doctor says where does it hurt
you could say i have a sore knee
or you could say my knee is sore okay so
there's two ways
to form phrases with the word sore you
know where does it hurt
my finger is sore or i have a sore
finger
when you talk about hurt you can use
this a number of ways actually
three ways you could say things like i
hurt my knee
you could say my knee is hurt or well
sorry there's really only two ways i
messed up a little bit there you would
definitely say
things like i hurt my knee i was out
running and i hurt my knee
or my knee hurts so two ways to use
the word hurt as well actually there is
three because you could say my knee is
hurting
my arm is hurting that's a little more
rare but you could definitely say that
as well so
i hurt my i'm pointing here this is your
elbow this isn't your knee
i hurt my knee my knee is hurt or i
my knee is hurting um definitely another
way to describe
pain that you are having and then we'll
talk about the word pain itself
pain is when there's a part of your body
that just doesn't feel right it's
it feels wrong it hurts it's sore you're
in pain hopefully
if i use those words you understand what
i mean if i
hit my head really hard i'll have some
pain in my
last video um i slapped my face
pretending there was a mosquito there
but i did it i had to do it seven
times because i wasn't happy with it and
then i had a lot of pain on my face from
slapping my face that wasn't a good idea
but it was funny
anyways the word pain as well you could
say this
i have back pain you could say i have a
pain
in my back okay so you have two ways
again
of describing where you have pain so to
go back you could say
i have a sore back you could say my back
is sore
you could say i hurt my back you could
say my back hurts
notice i'm talking about the back now
and you could say
i have a pain in my back or there is
pain in my back
i have back pain sorry i have back pain
or i have
pain in my back so let's talk about some
words that we say when we hurt ourselves
we often say things like
ouch so ouch is something that you
exclaim
when you hurt yourself if you were to
accidentally
let's see bump your head you would say
ouch
you might also say ow so if i
let me see i don't want to hurt myself
here um
let's uh so i'm not i was trying to i
always like to give visual examples if i
was to
punch myself in the head i would say ow
that hurt
if i was to punch myself in the head i
could say ouch
that hurt don't punch yourself in the
head
it's not a very wise thing to do
anyways there's two words that you can
use to express
pain you could say ow or you can say
ouch those two both work equally well
so here are a few things that you can do
that will
cause pain okay i sometimes stub
my toe when you stub your toe
let's pretend my hand is my foot it's
when you hit your foot against something
hard
maybe you hit it against a fence maybe
you hit it against a rock
maybe you stub your toe going up a
stairs maybe the steps
aren't the size you're used to and you
hit so if you hit your toe
against something we say that you
stubbed your toe sometimes when you stub
your toe
you can break your toe so a long time
ago i
stubbed my toe so hard outside that i
actually broke my toe
and i had to go to the doctor because i
had a broken toe
i don't want to be too descriptive but
if this was my foot
my little toe looked like this it was
not straight anymore
so when you stub your toe it means you
hit your foot
against something uh and your toe really
really hurts
so stub your toe um when you are walking
or running or hiking you might twist
your ankle
so when you twist your ankle you can see
in the picture here
it's when your foot turns in a way
that it's not meant to turn okay
maybe again maybe you step on a rock and
your foot goes like this and you twist
your ankle
maybe you're just running really fast on
a flat surface
and then you go onto an uneven surface
and you twist your ankle when you twist
your ankle it's not very fun
i twisted my ankle once when i was
really young playing baseball
i was sliding into second base and i
twisted my ankle
and then i was on crutches for a while
so when you twist your ankle
it means you hurt so it's the part
between your leg and your foot right you
guys know your body parts
should i do a lesson on body parts i
should have done that before this lesson
baby
oh well i think you know what your ankle
is but you can twist
your ankle when you hurt your back
we often use the phrase to throw out
your back
maybe you're lifting something really
heavy when you
lift something really heavy you
sometimes can throw
out your back when you throw out your
back it means you suddenly
have pain in your back um
i see brent saying i kicked a cement
pool while playing with my children i
broke my toe
it's not fun when you break your toe
that is painful it's just a little toe
but it's very painful
um so you can have pain in your back you
can have a sore back but generally
people will say um so where does it hurt
and you would respond by saying oh i
threw out my back
i was lifting something really heavy
yesterday and i
threw out my back so notice i went to
the past tense there but
when you throw out your back it means
you have back pain
maybe because you turned too fast
while holding something heavy or maybe
you were lifting something heavy
um just give me one sec here i'm gonna
pull up my
slides i don't have them on the screen
over here where
are they just takes me a minute to see
where i am oh we're doing good
um sometimes you'll have a kink in your
neck
so when you have a kink in your neck
maybe you're staring at your computer
all day
and your head is in the same position
and you start to get
some pain in your neck because you've
held your head the same way
all day we would call that a kink in
your neck and then sometimes
you do things like this to try to get
the kink out of your neck
it's not fun to have a kink in your neck
i sometimes get a kink in my neck
when i'm driving the tractor because i
have to look behind me
while i'm driving when you do field work
on a farm you're always looking behind
you and then you get a kink in your neck
you start to have a bit of a sore neck
because you're looking behind you so
much
sometimes you might get eye strain so
eye strain is when your
eyes are sore usually this happens to me
when i stare
at my computer screen all day right now
because i'm teaching from home
i am on my computer all day and i get a
little bit of eye strain
i try to wear my reading glasses i got a
new pair
how they look i try to wear my reading
glasses as much as possible
because that stops me from getting eye
stream but eye strain is when
it's almost like having a little bit of
a headache because your eyes are sore
usually from staring at a screen or from
reading all day
let me see here you might also get an
earache
so you might be going to the doctor
because your your ear just hurts
inside you have a really bad ear ache
and if the doctor said
where does it hurt or what can i help
you with today you could say oh
doc i don't say doc you could say doc
though
you could say oh doctor see i i just
call my doctor by his first name but
you could say oh i have an earache so if
you have a sore ear
if you have pain in your ear if your ear
hurts
you would say i have an earache headache
is
probably the most common kind of pain
that people have
you end up you work all day and you get
a headache
sometimes when you look at a computer
screen all day you get
eye strain but you also get a headache
you wouldn't necessarily go
to the doctor for a headache you would
probably just take what are called
painkillers
you would take advil or tylenol or
ibuprofen
or aspirin or something like that or you
might just have a nap
okay um i don't have a slide here for
toothache
but we also mentioned toothache when one
of your teeth hurts
when your teeth hurt you wouldn't go to
the doctor
you would book an appointment at the
dentist you would go to the dentist and
the dentist would figure out what's
wrong with you
by the way in canada when you go to the
doctor's office
we call the doctor a doctor when you go
to the dentist's office
you call the dentist a doctor as well
okay so
a dentist in canada is a type of doctor
a really bad headache is called a
migraine
i had migraine headaches for a little
bit when i was in university
there was about a month or two where i
had headaches that were so bad
i could hardly see and you would call
that a migraine
so a migraine is a severe headache
a really really bad headache is called a
migraine
i think i had migraines because i was
still
i was only 17 or 18 years old and i
think i was still
growing when you're still growing you
can have
pain in various parts of your body as
you grow
i think that's why i had migraine
migraines
let me see here uh sometimes you bite
your tongue sometimes when you're eating
food
you'll you'll bite your tongue um you
wouldn't necessarily go to the doctor
for this
but this is something you could do that
uh
something you might do that hurts and
causes pain
so you might be sitting and eating with
people and all sudden you might go
ow or you might go ouch and someone will
say what's wrong
and you'll say oh i bit my tongue or oh
i bit my tongue
it's not a nice feeling i don't bite my
tongue very often but i think
everyone at some point in their life
bites their tongue
here and there by accident when you do
something by accident
it means you didn't mean to do it you
might
have a nosebleed or a bloody nose
so this is another thing it's not
exactly
pain it's more of a mild
injury but you might have hit your nose
somewhere and your nose starts to bleed
so you would get some tissues or kleenex
we call them in canada
to stop your nose from bleeding it's
actually common for some people
in canada and in other countries where
we heat
our houses in the winter the air becomes
really dry
in our houses and it can sometimes cause
you to have a nosebleed sometimes my
daughter
and myself sometimes we will have a
nosebleed in the winter
because your skin and
the inside of your nose it gets really
dry in the winter
when you heat your houses it's kind of a
funny thing all of my friends from
russia who live in
the northern part of russia where they
have a good winter will understand what
i'm saying
when you heat your house the air gets
dry sometimes you have a nosebleed
or we also call it a bloody nose
sometimes you get in a fight or
sometimes you accidentally get
hit by something and your eye will turn
black
and we call this a black eye you'll see
this
in the movies a lot someone will get
punched in the movies
and then the next day they'll have a
black eye
so a black eye looks exactly like that
i actually got a black eye once the
dentist
pulled a tooth from the top back of my
mouth
i had a tooth pulled and a day or two
later i had a black
eye because of the tooth that's kind of
weird
the dentist didn't punch me there was no
punching there that wasn't
what happened but i think because of
the tooth being pulled it caused me to
have a bit of a black eye but normally
you get a black eye when uh something
hits you or
if you got in a fight you shouldn't
fight you might get hit
and get a black eye um let's see here
um so these are some general things you
which would be more referred to as
sickness or illness
you might have a sore throat so one of
the
symptoms of covid is that people get a
sore throat
when you have a sore throat you talk
more like this
it's hard to talk it's hard to talk when
you have a sore throat
i sometimes get a sore throat if i talk
too much during the week i'll get a bit
of a sore throat
um you might oh sorry let me look at my
slides here
nope that's right so another
injury that you can have is something
called a concussion
a concussion is very common with
athletes who play games that are
rough so if you play soccer or football
or rugby or hockey if you play a sport
where people
physically hit each other you are more
prone
to injuries when you're prone to
something it means
it's more likely to happen one of the
injuries that
people who play those sports get is
something called a concussion
it's when you hit your head so hard
that your brain moves i think a little
bit inside
i'm not a doctor but here's the picture
and then
you um it's just not a very good thing
boxers so boxing is a type of fighting
also get concussion so it's an injury to
the brain
that's caused by hitting your head
really hard or getting hit
in the head really hard so not a good
injury to have
a concussion um you might have joint
pain
so this picture makes it look like joint
pain is on the outside
but joint pain is actually on the inside
of your body a joint is any part of your
body that
bends so your knuckles are a joint
your wrist is a joint your elbow
is a joint your shoulder is a joint
so the parts of your body where the
bones connect together
we call your joints so you have hip
joints knee joints
ankle joints shoulder joints sometimes
you have
joint pain so you might go to the doctor
and the doctor will say
so where does it hurt and you could say
my shoulder hurts i have
joint pain i have some joint pain in my
shoulder
or my knuckle hurts sorry i don't know
why i'm laughing because it's such a
small joint my knuckle hurts
i have joint pain in my knuckles okay
so joint pain again the picture makes it
look like
it's on the outside but joint pain is
actually
on the inside of your body at one of the
locations
you know where your body bends where it
can
flex
shortness of breath so this is another
symptom of covid by the way
shortness of breath means normally
i breathe in and out very easily when
you have shortness of breath
you you if you go up a stairs if you
climb a flight of stairs
at the top you might have to stop
because you're like
you're just breathing really shallow
breaths
and you're having trouble breathing so
when you have shortness of breath it's
not a good sign
okay so normally you can breathe freely
but sometimes you have what's called
shortness of breath and it makes it
difficult
to breathe
your heart usually you don't have heart
pain unless you have a heart attack
but you might have heart palpitations
that's when you can
feel your heart beating in your chest
and it might be beating
irregularly or you might have a racing
heart where your heart rate is really
high and those might be reasons
that you're at the doctor as well the
doctor might say so what can i help you
with today
and you could say oh i've been having
you know an irregular heartbeat
or heart palpitations like where you can
feel your heart beating really strongly
or you might say my heart my heart has
been racing
for the last couple of days or hopefully
it hasn't been a couple days that's a
long time but
these are things that would be wrong
with your heart
another normal thing to have is a fever
by the way this is another
symptom of covid so if you have a fever
it means your body temperature
is higher than normal okay so if your
body temperature is 39 or 40 degrees
celsius
you have a fever i don't know what it is
in fahrenheit i apologize to those of
you that use fahrenheit
but a fever is not pleasant you feel
hot you might feel cold when you have a
fever
even though your body is higher even
though your body temperature is higher
than normal you might actually
feel cold it's kind of a strange thing
a stomachache is when your stomach hurts
sometimes when you eat food
you have a stomach ache because the food
is bad sometimes you get
a virus or a bacteria that causes
your stomach to have pain and you have
what's called a stomach ache you can see
the word ache used again here
so when you have a stomach ache your
stomach feels funny
it might cause you to throw up that's
when the food in your stomach comes back
out of your mouth not pleasant a
stomachache
might also cause you to have what's
called diarrhea
where you're going to go and sit on the
toilet and i'm not going to describe
that part but a stomach ache
is a fairly normal thing to have you
might go to the doctor the doctor will
say
so where does it hurt and you might say
oh i just have a really bad stomachache
another thing people experience
sometimes is dizziness
so dizziness is when you know normally
it's easy to stand
and to walk when you're dizzy you you're
kind of
you it's almost like you start to fall
over sometimes
like you're kind of like you want when
you walk you're like kind of going like
this
wobbling a bit because it feels like the
world
is spinning around you so when you're
dizzy it's something in your brain
and it feels like the world is spinning
a little bit
so sometimes you have what's called a
pulled muscle
so sometimes when you go running
sometimes when you lift
something heavy sometimes when you um
when you play a sport that you haven't
played for a long time
you will have your muscle hurt so your
muscles like this is my bicep
this is my tricep the muscles are what
make
your arm move um
so basically a pulled muscle is when you
do something and then your muscles hurt
for a few days
afterwards it's a fairly minor injury
a pulled muscle but sometimes like i
pulled a muscle
last summer when i was working on the
farm and then i pulled a leg muscle
and then i just couldn't walk for about
four or five days sorry that's not true
i could walk i couldn't go for a walk
for
exercise for four or five days hopefully
you understood the difference
but a pulled muscle is not a nice
feeling
you might also get what's called a
charlie horse
or a muscle spasm this is very very
brief
but very very painful okay so a charlie
horse
or muscle spasm is sudden pain in your
muscle
for about one or two minutes and then it
goes away
sometimes you get a charlie horse again
when you do
something that you don't normally do
maybe you decide you're going to play
football with your kids and you haven't
played football for a couple years
you might get a sudden charlie horse in
your one of your leg muscles because you
haven't done it for a while
let me see here okay so
sometimes you break a bone or you have a
fracture we have two names for it
again when i was younger i broke my
wrist
i actually broke i guess you could say
my arm but i broke the bone right
right behind the wrist here i keep
saying i broke my wrist but the wrist is
really a joint
i actually broke one of the bones in my
arm
so i had a fracture i had a broken
bone i had to get an x-ray and then they
put a cast on we'll talk about that
later
sometimes you can dislocate your
shoulder
so your shoulder can actually pop out of
its socket
and then they have to put it back in
again i have never had
a dislocated shoulder but at school
one of my co-workers was playing
football
with the students and he fell on the
ground
and dislocated his shoulder so his
arm was actually hanging down here
and then he went to the hospital and
then they popped it back in
i don't like talking about it it looked
really really painful
and it looked very strange he had
dislocated his shoulder
um a dislocated shoulder isn't
as bad as it looks um usually they just
pop it back in and they'll probably make
you
have your arm in a sling for a few days
but yeah that did not look good i didn't
want to have
a lot of blood in this lesson so i found
the
smallest cut possible for this picture
sometimes you're using a knife in the
kitchen and you might cut yourself
and there can be more serious cuts but a
cut is when something
sharp breaks your skin and you start to
bleed so you might have a cut
so again you might be at the doctor
saying hey i was working in the kitchen
and i cut my finger and it's a really
deep cut
when you have a really deep cut the
doctor might put stitches in
the doctor might get a needle and thread
just like you're sewing
clothes and they might put stitches in
to your cut
i think shawn mendes has a song called
stitches
yeah i'm not sure if it's the same thing
though um
you might be playing outside or running
outside
and fall down and then when your skin
slides along the pavement on the road or
on the gravel on your drive you might
get a scrape
kids often get scrapes when they're
playing in the playground
so they might they might be running in
the playground and they might fall down
a lot
and then they might have they might
scrape their elbows
or scrape their knees it's very common
for children to have scrapes
and then we also have what's called a
bruise so a bruise happens when
you know if something hit you really
hard
then a day later or later that same day
you might have a bruise a bruise is like
a brown or black spot
where i think it's from you probably
were bleeding
under your skin and then it when it's
after a while that just turns a brown
color
and then it's a bruise will slowly
disappear
after my heart surgery for some reason
my left arm
had bruises the whole arm was bruised
and it took
about two months for that to go away i
think because
yeah i'm not sure what they needed to do
um i'm not a heart surgeon so i don't
know but a bruise
looks like that um
if you have a simple cut you might just
put a bandage on it
we have a box of bandages in our house
most people do
if our kids have a small cut they might
put
a bandage on the cut so the cut that you
see
here that's a cut where you might just
put
a bandage on it we also call it a
band-aid
bandage and band-aid are the same thing
but definitely when you yes
definitely when you have a cut
especially if it won't stop bleeding
you will often put a bandage or a
band-aid on it
um when you pull a muscle or when you
hurt yourself playing a sport you might
you might just put an ice pack on it
okay often when
um athletes twist their ankle
or maybe they hurt their knee a little
bit they might sit
on the side of the court or playing
field and just put an
ice pack on it so the ice pack is cool
and it makes the injury feel a little
bit better
it also stops swelling swelling is when
things get bigger
so if you were playing volleyball and
you
hurt your elbow and you would say oh i
have a sore elbow i hurt my elbow
you might put an ice pack on it you
would stop playing volleyball and put an
ice pack on it
because you want it to you don't want it
to swell
up so you would put an ice pack on it by
the way this lesson is not a lesson
where you get medical advice it's just
where you learn
the words you need to learn to talk
about these things in english so
don't quote me on any of my things
if you twist your ankle um you might
end up on crutches um when i twisted my
ankle
as a kid i was on crutches for a little
bit uh crutches are
what you see right there um i think
they're bakie
i think so sometimes i don't know all
the words they just
they're in my head somewhere um but you
might end up on crutches um
this person doesn't has what's called an
air cast
so there are various things you might
do with a twisted ankle you might simply
wrap it
you might put a cast on it usually
there's no cast but you might have
what's called an air cast
which is a cast that you can take off
and put back on again
modi says i have first aid in my car
it's always good to have a first aid kit
somewhere
we have a small first aid kit here in
our house um
for sure annette says yes biki yes
thanks
annette it you know it's one of those
words that you don't use very often so
like there's when you learn a language
there's words you use a lot and then
there's words you use
like once every five years so sometimes
it's hard to remember
um going back to having a broken bone
or a fracture when you go to the
hospital
it would go like this the doctor would
say so what can i help you with where
does it hurt and you would say
i think i broke my arm i
i have a lot of pain in my arm and the
doctor would say well we're going to
send you
for an x-ray and then they would send
you
either to a different building or
another part of the hospital
you would get an x-ray and then they
would say yep it looks like
you need a cast so one of the cool
things about casts
now is that you can get different color
casts
i'm not sure if you can in your country
but in canada you can choose what color
cast you want
when i was a kid and i got a cast it was
white
when my daughter got a cast about five
or six years ago i think she chose
pink or purple it was pink i think so
she could choose what color she wanted i
thought that
uh was pretty cool let's see here
after you injure yourself you will often
have what's called
physiotherapy physiotherapy is where
someone helps you do
exercises so that your body works
properly again so if you
broke your arm or you dislocated your
shoulder
you might actually go for physiotherapy
for a couple of weeks
and then they will help you learn you
know how to lift
small weights and to use elastic bands
to
strengthen or to return your body to
normal
the person who does physiotherapy is
called a physiotherapist
so the man you see in this picture is a
physiotherapist
and the woman is at physiotherapy
the short form that we use is just
physio so we'll say something like oh so
you were in a car accident and you hurt
your neck
and you hurt your arm and your leg did
you go for physio afterwards
and the person will say yeah i was in
physio for about six weeks
so physiotherapy is where you go
it's after you've gone to the doctor
after they've done
everything to make you better but you
still need to kind of fix your body
to be ready for real life you need to
make sure your joints
work properly you need to rebuild your
muscles
after my heart surgery i was in
physiotherapy for eight weeks
and so i went and they helped me get
back into tip-top shape so
that's what physiotherapy is