天然气作为一种多用途能源具有巨大的潜力 同时它也有发电和加热炉顶的历史 Natural gas has enormous potential as a versatile energy source while it's had a history of powering electric generators and heating stove tops.
它作为一种高效的燃料越来越多地被用作汽车和卡车的动力 It's growing in use as an efficient fuel that also Powers cars and trucks,
但究竟什么是天然气 but what exactly is natural gas?
天然气是一种主要由甲烷CH4组成的天然化学品 Natural gas is a naturally occurring chemical primarily made up of methane CH4.
如果纯度使其成为环保燃料 Its Purity makes it an environmentally friendly fuel.
甲烷燃烧时不会留下残渣 因此其排放物不会与阳光发生反应 从而产生烟雾 Methane does not leave a residue when burned so it's emissions do not react with sunlight to create smog.
我们今天使用的天然气最初是生活在数千万年前海洋中的微小动植物 当它们茁壮成长的时候 它们吸收太阳的能量 太阳是以碳分子的形式储存在它们的体内的 它们沉入海底 我们被层层覆盖 随着这些动植物在数百万年的时间里被埋藏得更深 沉积物层的温度和压力开始升高 压力和热量的大小将河口物质转化为天然气 The natural gas we use today began as microscopic plants and animals living in the ocean tens of millions of years ago as they Thrive they absorb energy from the sun which was stored as carbon molecules in their bodies when they died they sank to the Bottom of the Sea and were covered by layer after layer of sediment as these plants and animals became buried deeper in the earth over millions of years heat and pressure began to rise the amount of pressure and degree of heat transform the bio matter into Natural Gas.
天然气形成后 有向上运移的趋势 通过围岩中的微小孔隙和裂隙向上运移 After natural gas was formed it tended to migrate upward through tiny pores and cracks in the surrounding rock.
一些天然气渗入地表 而其他矿床则向上移动 直到它们被困在不透水的岩石层下 例如页岩粘土矿床 我们在1859年发现了天然气 Edwin Drake Grill是Titusville的第一个商业财富 Some natural gas seep to the surface while other deposits traveled upward until they were trapped under impermeable layers of rock such as Shale or clay deposits are where we find natural gas today in 1859 Edwin Drake Grill the first commercial wealth in Titusville,
宾夕法尼亚州开采天然气和石油 Pennsylvania striking natural gas and oil.
许多人认为这是天然气工业的开端 This is considered by many to be the beginning of the natural gas industry.
在1800种天然气中 大部分都被用作灯的燃料 因为没有用于运输大量天然气的管道网被用来像当地的城市街道一样 For most of the 1800s natural gas was used almost exclusively as a fuel for lamps because no pipeline Network existed to transport large amounts of gas over long distances, most of the gas was used to light local city streets.
它通过小口径的LED管移动 It was moved through small bore LED pipe.
然后在1885年 罗伯特·本森发明了混合空气和天然气的燃烧器 本森燃烧器展示了气体如何为烹饪和取暖提供热量 Then in 1885 Robert Bunsen invented a burner that mixed air with natural gas the Bunsen burner showed how gas could provide heat for cooking and warming Bildings?
19世纪90年代后 许多城市开始将路灯转换成电能 迫使天然气生产商寻找新的市场 After the 1890s many cities began converting their street lamps to electricity forcing gas producers to look for new markets,
但缺乏向消费者输送天然气的机动性仍是一个问题 but the lack of Mobility to transport gas to Consumers was still an issue.
在能源工业中 天然气最初是作为石油生产的副产品获得的 因为人们认为天然气的生产成本太高 以至于大部分天然气都被井口的燃烧物烧掉了 In the energy industry natural gas was originally obtained as a byproduct from oil production since it was viewed as too costly to produce much of it was burned off by flaring at the Wellhead.
在第二次世界大战期间 由于50年代和60年代的管道网络 金属焊接技术和制管技术的改进使天然气向新市场开放 在美国各地修建了数千英里的管道 Improvements in metals welding techniques and pipe making during World War II open natural gas to New Markets thanks to pipeline networks throughout the 1950s and 1960s ,thousands of miles of pipeline were constructed throughout the United States.