the Greek Theatre history begins with
festivals honoring their gods a god
Dionysus was honored with a festival
called by city Dionysia in Athens during
this festival men used to perform songs
to welcome Dionysus plays were only
presented at city Dionysia festival the
ancient Greek drama was a theatrical
culture that flourished in ancient
Greece from about 700 BC the city-state
of Athens which became a significant
cultural political and military power
during this period was its center where
it was institutionalized as part of a
festival called the Dionysian which
honored the god Dionysus tragedy late
500 BC comedy 490 BC and the cetera
were the three dramatic genres to emerge
there Athens exported the festival to
its numerous colonies and allies in
order to promote a common cultural
identity only men were allowed to play
female parts the theatre of Dionysus
Allu theas is a major theatre in Athens
built at the foot of the Athenian
Acropolis dedicated to Dionysus the god
of clays and wine among other things the
theater could seat as many as 17,000
people with excellent acoustics making
it an ideal location for ancient Athens
biggest theatrical celebration the
Dionysia
it was the first theater ever built cut
into the southern cliff face of the
Acropolis and supposedly birthplace of
Greek tragedy the remains of a restored
and redesigned Roman version can still
be seen at the site today it is
sometimes confused with the later
smaller and better preserved odeon of
herodes atticus located nearby on the
southwest slope of the Acropolis the
site of the theatre of dionysus Alou
theists and the south slope of the
Athenian Acropolis has been known since
the 1700s the Greek archaeological
society excavated the remains of the
theater beginning in 1776 and throughout
most of the 19th century early remains
in the area relating to the cult of
Dionysus gluteous have been dated to the
9th century BC during the rule of high
status and his successors but a theater
was apparently not built on the site
until a century later the only certain
evidence of the early theater consists
of a few stone blocks that were reused
in the 100 century BC during the sixth
century BC performances associated with
the vessels of Dionysus were probably
held in the Athenian Agora with
spectators seated on wooden bleachers
atria set around a flat circular area
the orchestra until the area collapsed
in the early 5th century BC
an event attested in ancient sources
after the collapse of the stands the
dramatic and musical contests were moved
to the precinct of Dionysus on the slope
of the Acropolis the early theater must
have been very simple comprising a flat
Orchestra with a few rows of wooden or
stone benches set into the hill
the oldest Orchestra and the theatre
precinct is thought to have been
circular with a diameter of about 27
meters although there are some debate as
to its original size and shape a wooden
scene building versus Keinath was
apparently introduced into the back of
the orchestra serving for display of
artificial scenery and perhaps to
enhance the acoustics it was in this
unpretentious setting that the plays of
the great 5th century BC attic
tragedians were performed the ancient
theatre at Delphi was built much further
up the hill from the Temple of Apollo
giving spectators a view of the entire
sanctuary in the valley below it was
originally built in the 4th century BC
but was remodeled on several occasions
particularly in the 161 59 BC at the
expenses of King Yu many's the second of
Pergamon and on the occasion of Emperor
Nero's visit the koi lon or Kavya leans
against the natural slope of the
mountain whereas its eastern part
overrides a little torrent which led the
water of the fountain Castle tees right
underneath the temple of apollo the
orchestra was initially a full circle
with a diameter measuring 7 meters the
rectangular scene building ended up in
two arched openings of which the
foundations are preserved today access
to the theatre was possible through the
peridot that is the side corridors on
the support walls of the peridot
our engraved large numbers of
manumission inscriptions recording
fictitious sales of the slaves to the
god the coil on was divided horizontally
in two zones via a corridor called
daya's oma the lower zone had 27 rows of
seats and the upper one only ate six
radially arranged stairs divided the
lower part of the kweilyn in seven tiers
the theater could accommodate about
4,500 spectators on the occasion of
Nero's visit to Greece in 67 ad various
alterations took place the orchestra was
paved and delimited by a parapet made of
stone the proscenium was replaced by a
low pedestal the pulpit una its facade
was decorated with scenes from hercules
myth in relief further repairs and
transformations took place in the second
century AD hassan ii essentials that
these were carried out under the
auspices of herod atticus in antiquity
the theatre was used for the vocal and
musical contests which formed part of
the program of the Pythian games in the
late Hellenistic and Roman period the
theatre was abandoned when the sanctuary
declined in late antiquity after its
excavation and initial restoration it
hosted theatrical performances during
the Delphic festival organised by a
sickly honest and his wife Eva Palmer in
1927 and in 1930 it has recently been
restored again as the serious land slice
posed a grave threat for its stabilities
for decades
the ancient theater of Epidaurus is a
theater in the Greek city of Epidaurus
located on the southeast end of the
sanctuary dedicated to the ancient Greek
god of Medicine
Asclepius it is built on the west side
of the Canadian mountain near modern
league Oriole and belongs to the
Epidaurus municipality it is considered
to be the most perfect ancient Greek
theater with regard to acoustics and
aesthetics
according to Poisson yes the ancient
theatre was constructed by the architect
Polly Klaas the younger Hasani owes
praises the theater for symmetry and
beauty and a maximum capacity of 13,000
to 14,000 spectators the theater hosted
music singing and Dramatic games that
were included in the worship of
Asclepius it was also used as a means to
heal patients since there was a belief
that the observation of dramatic shows
had a positive effect on mental and
physical health the monument retains the
characteristic tripartite structure of a
Hellenistic theatre that has an
auditorium Orchestra and staging
building during Roman times the theatre
unlike many Greek theaters did not
suffer any modifications
the theaters staging building was
constructed in two phases the first is
placed at the end of the 4th century BC
and the second in the middle of the
second century BC the auditorium is
divided vertically into two unequal
parts the lower Hollow or theater and
the upper theater or amphitheatre the
two subsections are separated by a
horizontal corridor for the movement of
spectators the frieze the lower part of
the auditorium wedge is divided into 12
sections while the upper part is divided
into 22 sections the lower rows of the
upper and lower auditoriums have her
presidency form namely places reserved
for important people the design of the
auditorium is unique and based on three
marking centers due to this special
design the architects achieve both
optimal acoustics and an opening for
better viewing the circular Orchestra
with a diameter of 20 meters constitutes
the center of the theatre in the center
of a circular stone plate the base of
the altar or family the orchestra is
surrounded by a special underground
drainage pipe line of 1.9 nine meters in
width
called the are--those the yuri post was
covered by a circular stone walkway
opposite the auditorium and behind the
orchestra develops the stage building of
the theater the format of the scene is
dated up to the Hellenistic period and
consisted of a two-story stage building
and a proscenium in front of the stage
there was a colonnade in front of the
proscenium and on both its sides the two
back stages slightly protruded east and
west of the two back stages were two
small rectangular rooms for the needs of
the performers two ramps led to the roof
of the proscenium the loggia where the
actors later played finally the theatre
had two gates which are now restored the
theatre of ancient Delos built
originally of marble and completed in
250 BCE the theatre was massive equipped
for nearly 7,000 visitors it has the
usual form of an ancient theatre with
the cavea or auditorium where the
audience sat on the west side of the
hill with a spectacular view of the sea
in the harbours very few of the marble
seats in the kV are remained parts of
the theatre scheme have survived that
enable us to understand its form the
central rectangular building had three
entrances to the orchestra and one to
the west also in situ are the square
basis of the supports or the portico
that surrounded the building several
sections have survived at the portico on
the front facing the orchestra the
proscenium with Doric half columns and
entablature with triglyphs and metopes
ornamented with Lucretia and tripods
although it was abandoned in 88 BCE
following an invasion of the island by
Mithra date he's the sixth of Pontus who
lived from 120 to 63 BCE during the
first Mithra davic war from 89 to 85 BCE
it has long been admired and even
imitated
the original theater of Aphrodisias in
Asia Minor in Turkey dates from the late
Hellenistic period but it was
extensively renovated between 38 and 28
BC an architrave inscription regards
that the remodeled theater was dedicated
to Aphrodite and to the Dinos or people
Bhaiji Julius solos during the reign of
Octavian
Zola's was an afro dizzy and slave free
by Octavian and by the 30s BC Zola's had
become wealthy and influential in his
home town though the inscription is not
dated historical data on Zolo synoptic
allow us to place the renovation between
38 and 28 BC we know that the renovation
occurred later than 38 BC because Zola's
was not active in aphrodisias until that
year and we know that the renovation
predates 27 BC because the architrave
inscription does not call Octavian
Augustus a name he adopted in 27 BC the
original first century BC construction
date of the theater was suggested by a
dedication inscribed on the stage
building the loggia and the pro skin Ian
of the companies were indeed the gift of
G Julius solos to Aphrodite and the
people Zillow's mentioned earlier was a
former slave of Octavian and therefore
an important link with Rome he was
instrumental along with others in
obtaining the special status granted to
his native aphrodisias as a free and
tax-exempt City on the inscription of
the pro skin Ian he is described as a
freed man of the son of the divine
Julius
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the stage building however must have
been originally somewhat different for
it appears to have been tampered with
and in the second century when the
theater was subjected to important
modifications as indicated by epigraphic
'el and archaeological evidence the main
objective of this work was to transform
the structure so that it could be used
for the ever-popular gladiatorial
combats wrestling bouts and animal hunts
the orchestra was therefore deepened by
removing two or three of the lowest rows
of seats and replacing them with
straight supporting wall thus creating a
canister arrangement that protected
spectators from the violent activities
that took place in the orchestra pit the
theatres of Athos and Asia Minor in
Turkey it was discovered that the
theatre which had been set up in the
south slope of the ancient city across
lesbos was destroyed during an
earthquake the theatre with 2,500 people
capacity had been built inside a hollow
rock and was used as a stone quarry
later it is a Roman theatre as far as
its construction technique and plans are
concerned the ruined walls of the
theatre were restored again sitting
benches were recast as the original ones
now the theatre has a capacity of 1,500
people and it serves to various
festivals and concerts
Martis or the architects we're using the
natural acoustics present on the slopes
of the hills to create these pieces of
art by adding the beauties made by human
power this way they could have saved
from manpower and material by using the
natural shapes and the acoustics and
above all of course there was the
aesthetic vision
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