hello and welcome back as I just 你好，欢迎回到我身边
mentioned in the previous video we're 在以前的视频我们提到
going to now see a few examples of image 现在来看一些图像示例
and video processing that's going to 和视频处理
help us to understand basically what is 帮助我们基本了解什么是
image and video processing and it's also 图像和视频处理
going to provide a few examples of the 将提供一些例子
material that we're going to learn 材料，我们要 学习
during these nine weeks so let's dive 在这九周内，让我们潜水
right in and we're going to start with 就在里面，我们将从
an example and scientific images 一个例子和科学形象
scientific images are images that are 科学图像是
taken with a scientific goal we want to 出于科学目标，我们希望
do some science with those images and 用这些图像做一些科学，
there is probably no better example than 没有比这更好的例子了
images from Mars so we are all very 来自火星的图像，所以我们都很
excited when we get images from the NASA 当我们从美国国家航空航天局（NASA）获得图像时，我很兴奋
JPL expedition to Mars these are really JPL远征火星， 这些真的
cool images and we are seeing something 很酷的图像，我们看到了一些东西
that we have never seen before 我们从未见过的
now these images take a lot of space in 现在这些图像采取了大量的空间
the computer in the Mars rovers they 在火星漫游者电脑，他们
actually take a long time to transmit to 其实要花很长时间才能传送给
Earth because they are very very large 地球，因为它们非常大
so NASA and JPL had to implement 因此NASA和JPL必须实施
something inside the Mars rovers 火星探测器内部的东西
something which is called image 所谓的形象
compression to preserve the information 压缩以保存信息
but try to make that occupy less space 但要尽量减少占用空间
so it's faster to transmit we're going 所以传送我们要走的更快
to learn we're actually going to learn 学习我们实际上将要学习
the algorithm that is implemented inside 内部实现的算法
the Mars rovers I was lucky enough that 火星漫游者我很幸运
one of my algorithms was selected to be 我的算法中的一个被选定为
implemented in the Mars rover so we're 在火星探测器上实施，所以我们
gonna learn it pretty much in detail but 会学到很多细节，但是
of course this is not the only example 当然这不是唯一的例子
you know about image compression if you 你知道图像压缩，如果你
use a digital camera most digital 使用最数码的数码相机
cameras today use image compression if 今天的相机使用图像压缩，如果
you're looking images over the web 您正在网上浏览图片
you're basically using image compression 您基本上是在使用图像压缩
actually when you're watching this video 实际上，当您观看此视频时
this video is being compressed before is 该视频之前被压缩
uploaded to the web so you can enjoy it 上传到网络上，以便您可以享受它
so we're basically doing image and video 所以我们基本上是在做图像和视频
compression all the time so that's one 一直压缩，这就是一个
example that in your daily life you're 例如，在你的日常生活中你
already seeing image and video 已经看过图像和视频
compression there is another very 压缩还有另外一个非常
important example and comes in the 重要的例子， 并在
movies if you go to the movies you'll 电影， 如果你去看电影，你会
probably have seen you might not be a 可能已经看到你可能不是
word but you have seen image and video 字， 但您看过图像和视频
compression let me give you an example 压缩让我举一个例子
so here we have an image this is 所以这里有一张图片是
basically one frame of a video it's a 基本上是一个视频的一帧它是一个
very famous video and what we very 非常著名的视频以及我们非常
famous movie and when we see here these 著名的电影，当我们在这里看到这些
are two consecutive frames so one coming 是两个连续的帧，所以一个来
right after the other and we see here 就在另一个之后，我们在这里看到
that the actor is basically holding a 那个演员基本上拿着一个
glass and right after is holding a plate 玻璃，紧紧握住盘子
that's very surprising how he switch our 这是非常令人惊讶的，他如何切换我们
glass to a plane that's actually to a 玻璃到飞机上，实际上是
plate that's actually a mistake in the 板这实际上是 在一个错误
movie here is an our example that we 电影是我们的一个例子
basically see the camera the cameraman 基本上看摄像机的摄影师
is in the picture of course the director 当然在导演的照片中
didn't want the cameraman in the picture 不想照片中的摄影师
but it is and actually if you saw the 但实际上 ，如果你看到了
movies when they just came out and you 电影刚出来的时候你
pay attention to them you actually might 注意他们，您实际上可能会
have been able to see the cameraman or 能够看到摄影师或
to see this mistake there's actually 看到这个错误实际上
mistakes in almost all the movies and 几乎所有电影中的错误
there's a website that shows them and 有一个网站向他们展示
basically if after that you go and see 基本上，如果之后你去看看
basically the DVD or different versions 基本上是DVD或其他版本
of the movie this repairs this this 电影的 这种修理这个这个
mistakes were repaired and how are they 错误已修复，如何处理
repair with something which is called 用所谓的东西修理
image and video in painting and we're 绘画中的图像和视频，我们
going to learn about that but let's see 打算了解一下，让我们看看
a few additional examples because 一些其他示例，因为
sometimes we need to repair images and 有时我们需要修复图像并
videos not just for the movies so for 视频不仅用于电影，对于
example here is a picture that looks 这个例子是一张看起来像的图片
perfectly fine to us it's actually a 对我们来说很好，实际上是
picture of Stalin and so here we have 斯大林的图片等在这里，我们有
studied we see nothing wrong with this 研究了我们看到的没有错
picture the only problem with this 图片唯一的问题
picture this is not an original picture 图片这不是原始图片
this is a picture that was in painted by 这是一张由
hand because truly what really happened 手， 因为真正发生了什么
was this this is the real picture there 这是那里的真实图片吗
was another person here that the picture 是另一个人在那张照片
was retouch in this time it was done 在这个时候完成了修饰
long time ago was done by hand 很久以前是手工做的
he was retouch so that the person is no 他被修饰，所以那个人不是
longer in the picture but actually today 图片中更长，但实际上是今天
we're going to learn how to do that with 我们将学习如何使用
basically computer techniques let's see 基本上是计算机技术， 让我们来看看
other examples because this is very 其他例子，因为这是非常
exciting and also the 令人兴奋的
a website which we provide those details 我们提供这些详细信息的网站
in in the class web page that provides a 在课程网页中提供
lot of examples like this this is really 像这样的很多例子
a fun area so here is a friend of the 一个有趣的领域所以这里的朋友
Monty Python movie and as you see this 巨蟒电影，当你看到这
crutches are be may disappear so 拐杖可能会消失
sometimes you have a very nice image 有时你有一个非常好的形象
that somebody scratch on it and you want 有人在上面刮擦，你想要
to make those crutches disappear what 使那些拐杖消失了什么
you are seeing now is a simulation of a 您现在看到的是一个模拟
real image processing algorithm that is 真正的图像处理算法是
making that scratch slowly disappear and 使划痕逐渐消失，
that's going to be part of what we are 这将是对我们是哪一部分
going to learn we talked about image 要学习我们谈论图像
compression that's going to be about the 压缩将是关于
second week of this class imaging 本节课成像的第二周
painting a million paintings coming 画一百万画
towards the second half of the class 下课时
let's see more examples here we see a 让我们在这里看到更多示例
perfectly nice video this is one of my 完美的视频，这是我的其中之一
former students Keller walking in front 前学生凯勒走在前面
of the library at the University of 的大学图书馆
Minnesota doesn't look to us anything 明尼苏达州什么都不看
strange in this video only that this was 在这部影片中奇怪的是
the actual video actually killer's wife 实际录像中杀手的妻子
was walking in front of him that we 在他面前走着 ，我们
apply image and video processing 应用图像和视频处理
algorithms to make her disappear from 使她消失的算法
the video sometimes we want to get 有时我们想要获得的视频
special effects in videos so this is an 视频中的特殊效果，这是
example of special effects we actually 我们实际上特效的例子
start from a black and white movie and 从黑白电影开始，
we see here a few frames of that 我们在这里看到的那几帧
black-and-white movie we provide a few 黑白电影我们提供一些
hints of some color that we want to add 我们想要添加一些颜色的提示
to the video and here is the automatic 到视频，这是自动的
result just from hints actually in this 只是从实际提示中得出的结果
case in just one frame we get a 在一帧的情况下，我们得到一个
colorized movie just like we're in 彩色电影就像我们在
painting but we're repainting colors 绘画， 但我们要重新粉刷颜色
into the movie just another special 电影中的另一个特别之处
effect special effects are all over and 特效结束了，
you need a lot of image and video 你需要很多图像和视频
processing to do them so here is another 处理它们，所以这是另一个
example let me run it first so it's 例子让我先运行它
easier for me to explain the special 对我来说更容易解释
effect at first you see kind of blurry 起初你看到的效果有点模糊
this looks like a blurry video but look 这看起来像是模糊的视频，但看起来
what's going to happen we actually have 我们实际上会发生什么
the players are 球员是
sharp the movie was blurry the 电影太清晰了
background was blurry but not the 背景是模糊的，但不是
players so let me just try to run it 玩家，让我尝试运行它
again so we can see that even better 再一次，我们可以看到更好
so it's blurry but the players are not 所以它很模糊， 但是玩家却没有
and we have to do video processing to be 而我们需要做的视频处理是
able to get that special effect here is 能够在这里获得特殊效果的是
yet another example special effect I'm 我是另一个特效示例
going to run it and you're going to see 要运行它，您将看到
basically immediately what type of 基本上立即是什么类型的
special effects we mean here we see that 特效，我们的意思是在这里，我们看到
the movies running but basically the 电影正在播放，但基本上
girl the lady in the movie is actually 电影中的女士女孩实际上是
being repeated okay so it's very easy to 重复好吧，所以很容易
observe that here with the repetitions 在这里观察到重复
of what's happening and that's a very 发生了什么，这是非常
special effect that is used a lot in the 那就是在使用了很多特殊效果
movie industry especially sometimes for 电影业，特别是有时
marketing and advertising let me show 营销和广告让我展示
you yet another example of some really 你是另一个真正的例子
interesting special effects and this is 有趣的特殊效果，这是
here so this is a movie 这是电影
once again we're and our movie looks 再次，我们和我们的电影看起来
really nice but actually after we finish 真的很好， 但实际上我们完成之后
that movie we may actually want to 那部电影我们可能真的想
change the background so here is the 更改背景，所以这是
same movie with a different background 同一部电影，但背景不同
Wow 哇
this is a lot of work as we are going to 这是很多的工作，我们要
see the basic idea is that we are going 看到的基本思想是我们要
to have to be able to segment out this 必须能够将其细分
person that's a foreground that's what 那是前景的人
we want to keep in the movie we're going 我们想继续看电影
to have to find it we're going to have 必须找到它，我们将拥有
to extract it from the movie and put it 从电影中提取并放入
in a new background that's a really fun 在一个新的背景下，这真的很有趣
thing to do I'm going to run this again 要做的事情我将再次运行
here is one movie same movie with a 这是一部与同一部电影相同的电影
different background we're going to 我们要去的不同背景
learn about week five what how to do 了解第五周该怎么办
that how to extract objects from steel 如何从钢铁中 提取物体
images or from movies and actually this 图片或电影，实际上是
type of things show up in commercial 事物类型出现在商业广告中
products in this case and show you a 在这种情况下向您展示产品
screenshot of what's called After 所谓的After屏幕截图
Effects is one of Adobe's products and 效果是Adobe的产品之一，
we actually in collaboration with Adobe 我们实际上与Adobe合作
and one of my former students we develop 和我以前的学生之一， 我们发展
what I just show you which are 我刚才给你看的是
techniques to extract objects so we can 提取对象的技术， 以便我们可以
basically put them in your backgrounds 基本上将它们放在您的背景中
and I'm going to explain you exactly as 我将完全按照您的解释
many details as I can provide in a 很多细节，我可以在提供
relatively short video I'm going to show 我要展示的相对较短的视频
you how this is done inside After 你这是如何 内部之后完成
Effects in Adobe some of the underlying Adobe中的一些潜在影响
technology that appears there so these 那里出现的技术
are just some examples of image and 只是图像的一些示例，
video processing we started from image 从图像开始的视频处理
compression that NASA Rovers have to NASA漫游者必须进行的压缩
have image compression your digital 将图像压缩为数字
cameras have to have image compression 相机必须有图像压缩
the video that you're watching now has 您正在观看的视频 有
to be compressed before is uploaded to 压缩后再上传到
the web and we're going to see in the 网络上，我们将在
first week of class why why images 上课的第一周，为什么图片
occupy so much information in the second 在第二个阶段占据了如此多的信息
week we're going to learn how to 一周， 我们将学习如何
compress them we also saw special 压缩它们，我们还看到了特殊的
effects like imaging painting which 像成像绘画这样的效果
we're going to see towards the second 我们将看到第二个
half of the class and we saw special 上半堂课，我们看到了特别
effects like say 像说的效果
mutation and changing background and 突变和变化的背景和
that we are going to see around week 我们将在一周左右看到
five so a lot of really exciting 五个被很多令人兴奋 的
application some of them you are very 应用其中一些你非常
familiar from the movies from your 从您的电影中熟悉
digital cameras some of them you 数码相机，其中一些你
actually see every day but you're not 其实每天都见， 但你却没有
really aware that they're happening and 真正意识到他们正在发生，
I'm going to help you to basically 我会基本上帮你
understand that they're actually 了解他们实际上是
happening behind the scenes and what 幕后发生的事情
we're going to do in the next movie 我们将在下一部电影中做
we're going to give a few additional 我们将另外提供一些
examples to further motivate you the 例子来进一步激发你的
importance of image and video processing 图像和视频处理的重要性
and also how much fun it is to 以及它有多有趣
understand what's happening behind the 了解情况的背后
scenes with images and videos we're also 带有图像和视频的场景
going to talk in the next video a few 要谈下一部影片的几个
examples of medical imaging an extremely 医学成像的例子
important area in image and video 图像和视频中的重要区域
processing so I'm looking forward to 处理，所以我很期待
seeing you in the next video 在下一个视频中见
thank you 谢谢