今晚是最神秘的死海古卷 tonight the most mysterious of the Dead Sea Scrolls
与其他卷轴不同，这卷是铜制的 unlike the other scrolls this is made of copper
上面写着 and it's written
作为一份埋藏着宝藏的清单 as a list of what seem to be buried treasures
学者和寻宝者都需要解释 scholars and treasure hunters alike have to interpret
藏在铜卷轴里的线索 the clues that are embedded in the copper scroll
如果铜卷上的线索是真的 if true the clues listed on the Copper Scroll
能带来一大笔财富吗 could lead to a vast fortune
超过160吨的金银和青铜 more than 160 tons of gold silver and bronze
到今天还能藏起来吗 could still be hidden to this day
相当于今天的10多亿美元 we're talking more than $1 billion in today's money
如果 if
你知道去哪里找 you know where to look
现在 now
我们将探索最重要的理论 we'll explore the top theories
围绕着这所谓的神秘财富 surrounding this alleged and mysterious fortune
金子和银子被藏了起来 the gold and silver was hidden
以保护它免受罗马侵略者的入侵 to keep it safe from Roman invaders
也许已经有人了 maybe somebody already
洗劫了所有的藏身之处 looted all of those hiding places
或者 or maybe
数以吨计的宝藏至今仍藏在以色列 tons of treasure are still hiding in Israel today
铜卷轴宝藏真的存在吗 does the Copper Scroll treasure exist
如果有，它会在哪里呢 and if so where could it be
1947年，一个名叫穆罕默德·阿迪布的16岁贝都因男孩 in 1947 a 16 year old Bedouin boy named Mohammed Adib
是照料他的山羊 is tending his goats
在死海上方的山上 in the mountains above the Dead Sea
他在库姆兰山谷 he's in the Qumran Valley
在以色列靠近死海的地方 which is near the Dead Sea in Israel
他的山羊走进了一个山洞 and his goats wander into a cave
现在他当然想把山羊赶出山洞 now of course he wants to get the goats out of the cave
于是他捡起了一些鹅卵石 and so he just picks up some pebbles
扔石子 throws the pebbles
进入洞穴，把山羊吓跑 into the cave to sort of scare the goats out
但他听到的是撞击声 except what he hears is a crash
Muhammad EDD进入洞穴调查 Muhammad EDD goes into the cave to investigate
他发现他的石头 and he finds out that his rock has
打碎了一个旧陶罐 shattered an old pottery jar
在那个陶罐里是一个皮革 and inside that pottery jar is a leather
上面写着希伯来文的卷轴 scroll with some Hebrew writing on it
他注意到附近 he notices that nearby
还有很多其他的陶罐 there are many other pottery jars that are
完好无损，从未打开过 undamaged and haven't ever been opened
在那些罐子里 inside those jars
有许多古希伯来文的卷轴 there are many scrolls in ancient Hebrew writing
可以追溯到公元前3世纪 that date to about the 3rd century BCE
直到公元1世纪 to the 1st century CE
在40年代末到50年代末之间 between the late 1940s and the late 1950s
该地区的学者和居民 scholars and inhabitants of the area
发现了很多东西 found various things
周围至少有11个洞穴 and at least 11 caves around
或者靠近库姆兰定居点 or close to the Qumran settlement
他们找到了罐子，找到了卷轴 they found jars they found scrolls
在这些卷轴中有900多卷 and out of those scrolls over 900 scrolls
其中200多卷是圣经卷轴 over 200 of them were biblical scrolls
学者们认为这些作品是艾赛尼派的 scholars attribute these works to the Essenes who are a
非常孤立的犹太人分离主义神秘团体 very isolated sort of separatist mystical band of Jews
谁在公元前2世纪离开了耶路撒冷 who had left Jerusalem in the 2nd century BCE
他们住在昆兰这一带 and they lived in this area of Qumran
他们在那里非常繁荣 they really flourished there
这实际上需要几年的时间 it actually takes a couple of years
在人们意识到之前 before people realize
这是什么 what it is that
这是贝都因人发现的 this Bedouin has discovered
他发现了什么 what he finds
变成了 becomes
最重要的考古发现之一 one of the most important archaeological discoveries
20世纪的 of the 20th century
死海古卷 the Dead Sea Scrolls
在死海古卷里 within the Dead Sea Scrolls
你会发现最古老的版本 one will find the most ancient versions of
几乎每一卷圣经 almost every single biblical book
在希伯来圣经中 in the Hebrew Bible
旧约 the Old Testament
这些卷轴主要是用兽皮做成的 the scrolls are primarily made of animal skin
羊皮纸和莎草纸 parchments and papyrus
除了一个以外都是 all of them but one
1952年3月 in March 1952
刻在岩壁上的架子上 on a shelf carved into a cave wall
考古学家发现了一些不同的东西 archaeologists find something different
铜制的卷轴 a scroll made of copper
这是一个完全独特的发现 this is a completely unique find
我们有900多卷卷轴 we have over 900 scrolls
但只有一个是由这种珍贵的材料制成的 but only one is made of this precious material
只有一个铜卷轴 there's only one copper scroll
大多数专家都认为铜卷轴 most experts agree that the copper scroll
是有意义的吗 is significant by the very material
它是用什么做的 that it's made of
铜既耐用又昂贵 copper is durable and it is expensive
因此它所包含的是 and therefore what was contained in it was
意图持久 intended to last
我是说，想想你要做什么 I mean think about what you have to do
这不是写作 this is not writing
写在一张纸或羊皮纸上 on a piece of paper or a piece of Parchment
这就像把东西踩进去一样 this is literally like stamping something in
大小的东西 sizing something
变成铜，所以你这样做是为了 into copper so you do this for something that is
特别的 particularly special
它也比其他卷轴更新 it's also newer than the other scrolls
这个可以追溯到公元50到100年 this one dates to about 50 to 100 CE
大多数死海古卷都是文学作品 most of the Dead Sea Scrolls are literary works
是什么让铜卷轴如此独特 what makes the Copper Scroll so unique
这是真的吗 is that it's really
地点和可能的宝藏列表 a list of locations and possible treasures
如果你把里面的贵重物品清单放在一起 if you put together the list of valuables it contains
它会是 it would be
大概有160吨黄金 somewhere in the range of potentially 160 tons of gold
这不是一个故事 it is not a story
它不是一个从前这里是一个宝藏 it is not a once upon a time here is a treasure
这在某些方面是很枯燥的 this is a very dry in some ways boring
64个宝藏地点的描述 description of 64 treasure locations
所以一些学者注意到 so some scholars note that the
记账风格和语气 bookkeeping style and tone
其实很容易让人想起 actually is very reminiscent
你能找到的神庙清单 of temple inventories that one would find
地中海其他地区 elsewhere in the Mediterranean
所以这里的想法是，这可能是真实的 and so the idea here is that this might be an authentic
记录了曾经真正的宝藏 record of real treasures that were once
被某机构占有 possessed by some institution
我们说的可不是几百万美元 we're not talking a couple million dollars
我们说的是十亿美元 we're talking about a billion dollars with a B
我们说的是一大笔黄金 we're talking a lot of money in gold
银饰珠宝 in silver in jewels
所以这是一笔巨大的财富 so this is a lot of treasure
实际上只有一个组织 there's really only one organization
古犹太的实体 or entity in ancient Judea
这样才能积累那么多财富 that would have been able to amass that kind of wealth
那就是耶路撒冷第二圣殿 and that would have been the Second Jerusalem Temple
在耶路撒冷有第一座圣殿 there was a first temple in Jerusalem
建于公元前10世纪到公元前6世纪之间 that stood between the 10th and the 6th centuries BCE
是由圣经中的所罗门王建造的 that was built by the biblical King Solomon
不幸的是 unfortunately
寺庙被毁了 the temple is destroyed
所有的财富实际上都被拿走了 and all the wealth in it is actually carried off
被巴比伦人掠夺 as plunder by the Babylonians
耶路撒冷第二圣殿 The Second Temple of Jerusalem
是在一年左右建成的吗 is built in about the year
公元前516年 516 BCE
一直持续到公元前63年罗马征服朱迪亚 and it last until the Roman conquest of Judea in 63 BCE
由庞培大帝 by Pompey the great
所以我们知道第二圣殿 so we know that that Second Temple
会站在圣殿山上吗 would have been standing on the Temple Mount
当罗马人到达犹太的时候 when the Romans arrived in Judea
古代的犹太地包围着现代的以色列 the ancient land of Judea encompassed modern day Israel
巴勒斯坦和约旦河西岸 Palestine and the West Bank
罗马对犹太的占领遭到了抵抗 Roman occupation of Judea was met with resistance
在犹太社区的一些派系之间 among some factions within the Jewish community
罗马统治下的生活变得难以为继 life under the Romans became unsustainable
我们无法忍受如此多的税收 it was impossible to tolerate the amount of taxation
他们对政治治理的过度干预 the amount of overreach on their political governance
也 and also
他们将自己的文化和宗教强加于人 their imposition of their own culture and religion
犹太人不这么认为 Jews were not having it
大约一个世纪以来 for about a century
犹太人曾试图以较小的规模 Jews had tried on smaller scales to
解放他们的土地 liberate their land
最终发生的是 uh what ultimately happens is that
这是一种巨大的不满 there's just such a massive discontent
在这一时期 in this period
在66年爆发了公开的战争 that in the year 66 it breaks out into open war
这是学者们所知的第一场犹太罗马战争 it's the first Jewish Roman war as scholars know it
叛乱持续了大约四年 the rebellion lasted about four years
但罗马人的到来结束了 but it ended when the Romans came in
镇压叛乱 squashed the rebellion
又拆毁耶路撒冷的殿 and destroyed the temple in Jerusalem
这是公元70年 this was 70 CE
在此期间，我们认为 during this time we think that
犹太人就会开始聚集在一起 the Jewish people would start to gather together
自己的贵重物品 their valuables
他们会想要的 they would want to have them
保护他们 and protect them
确保罗马人不会占领它们 try to make sure that the Romans didn't seize them
然后按顺序埋在不同的地方 and maybe bury them in different places in order
把他们藏起来不让罗马人看见 to hide them from Roman eyes
也可能是在这个时候 and it's also probably around this time maybe
68或70年，圣殿被毁 68 or 70 when the temple was destroyed that
铜质卷轴应该是这样写的 the Copper scroll would have been written
所有东西都清点好，然后掩埋 everything inventoried and then buried
现在大多数学者 most scholars today
我认为《铜卷》所描述的 think that the Copper Scroll is describing
真正的宝藏存在和积累 actual treasures that existed and were amassed
在古代的某个时候 some time in antiquity
这是黄金 this would be gold
银青铜显然被藏起来了 silver bronze that apparently was hidden
根据卷轴 according to the scroll
大概在63个地方 in something like 63 locations
找到这些位置 to find these locations
学者和寻宝者都一样 scholars and treasure hunters alike
必须先解读铜卷轴的线索吗 must first interpret the copper scrolls clues
英国考古学家 the English archaeologist
约翰·阿莱格罗实际上是在研究古希伯来语 John Allegro was actually studying ancient Hebrew
在牛津大学 at Oxford University
1953年 in 1953
当他被邀请加入学者团队时 when he was invited to join the team of scholars
当时他们正在耶路撒冷研究死海古卷 in Jerusalem who were working on the Dead Sea Scrolls
最初的团队 the original team
我不知道该怎么处理这卷轴 couldn't figure out what to do with this scroll
因为展开铜 because unrolling the copper
可能意味着它会崩溃 might mean that it would crumble
1955年，他们想出了这个非常巧妙的办法 in 1955 they devised this really ingenious
方法打开滚动条 method to get the scroll open
他们实际上 they actually
发明这种小锯子，可以把卷轴切成 invent this small saw that can cut the scroll into
23条 23 strips
每个都像半圆柱体一样弯曲 each of which is curved like a half cylinder almost
阿莱格罗是第一个看到《铜卷》的学者 Allegro is the first scholar who sees the Copper Scroll
打开 opened
他开始抄录并试图翻译 and he begins transcribing and trying to translate it
立即 immediately
他发现这是一份贵重物品清单 what he discovers is that this is a list of valuables
珍宝 treasures
以及他们被埋的具体地点 and the specific locations where they're buried
1959年，约翰·阿莱格罗开始寻找宝藏 in 1959 John Allegro begins searching for that treasure
在阿莱格罗看来，铜卷轴的一行很显眼 one line of the copper scroll that stood out to Allegro
这对他来说是一个起点 that served as a starting place for him
是下面这行 was the following line
在西边的押沙龙碑下 under the Monument of Absalon on the western side
埋在12腕尺80塔兰特 buried at 12 cubits 80 talents
天赋是一种古老的衡量单位 a talent is an ancient unit of measurement
在这种情况下，希伯来人才约为75磅 in this context Hebrew talent was about 75 pounds
我们现在看到的是 so we're looking here at about
大约六千磅的宝藏 approximately 6,000 pounds of treasure
阿莱格罗认为他知道这地方的确切位置 Allegro thinks he knows exactly where this place is
他在看一个特定的地点 he's looking at a particular site
位于耶路撒冷老城的东北部 that is northeast of the Old City of Jerusalem
在我们所知的汲沦谷 in what we know as the Kidron Valley
在这个山谷里有 there is in this valley
在橄榄山和天普拉山中间 between the mount of olives and the Templum Mount
一个非常大的坟墓 a very large tomb
那就是押沙龙的柱像 which is known as Absalom's Pillar
它可以追溯到公元一世纪到二世纪 and it dates from the first into the second century
纪元的历史 of the Common Era
去读纪念碑下的一行字 to read the line under the Monument of
押沙龙让阿莱格罗想起了一个故事 Absalom reminds Allegro of a story
一个年轻女孩的故事 of a young girl who had gone on
其实是跟她学校的实地考察 essentially a field trip with her school
1900年来到汲沦谷 to the Kidron Valley in 1900
她离开了她的小组 she wandered off from her group
她就往押沙龙的柱子那里去 and she went to Absalom's Pillar
在那些坟墓里徘徊 and wandered around those tombs
当她回到她的老师 when she returned to her teacher
她口袋里有一些金币 she had in her pocket some gold coins
伊拉克罗并没有把这个故事讲得很好 ilacro didn't make very much of the story
当他第一次听到的时候 when he first heard it
但现在他想啊 but now he thinks ah
如果两者之间有某种联系呢 what if there's some connection between
小女孩在哪里找到金币的 where the little girl finds the gold coins
还有铜卷轴的宝藏 and the treasure of the copper scroll
所以阿莱格罗缩小了搜索范围 so Allegro narrows down his search
周围的区域 to the area around
绝对柱遗址和比尼希悉墓 the Absolute Pillar site and the tomb of Benedhezzir
时间框架是正确的 the time frame is right
寺庙的祭司都葬在这里 temple priests are buried here
当然 and of course
有一个关于一个女孩发现金币的古老故事 there's that old story about a girl finding gold coins
有 there
亚勒克罗开始在押沙龙的柱子前挖土 alecro begins digging in front of Absalom's pillar
下到…的深处 going down to the depth of
12腕尺，也就是18英尺深 12 cubits which would be about 18 feet down
他什么也没找到 he doesn't find anything
然后他在比尼哈悉墓前挖掘 and then he digs in front of the tomb of Benihazir
他什么也没找到 and what does he find nothing
这能阻止他吗 and does this stop him no
约翰快板 John Allegro
最先破译铜卷的学者 the scholar who first deciphered the Copper scroll
没能在古墓中找到宝藏 fails to find treasure among the ancient tombs
在耶路撒冷外的汲沦谷 in the Kidron Valley outside Jerusalem
快板不是由这个抛出的 Allegro is not thrown by this
到目前为止，他还没有成功 he hasn't been successful so far
他挖了又挖 he's dug and he's dug
所以最后他没有放弃，而是说 so in the end rather than giving up he says
我要用另一条线索 I'm just going to follow a different clue
阿莱格罗读到的其中一行是 one of the lines that Allegro reads is
在阿科尔山谷的堡垒里 in the fortress in the valley of Acor
好吧，堡垒是个很大的地方 okay fortress that's a big place
问题是你知道ACOR的山谷在哪里 problem is you know where's the valley of ACOR
莱罗塔列认为 Legro thinks
阿克尔山谷在库姆兰以西3英里处 the valley of Akhore is 3 miles west of Kumran
死海古卷是在哪里发现的 where the Dead Sea Scrolls were found
他把他的理论建立在卷轴上的一行文字上 he bases his theory on a line in the scroll
铜卷轴指的是堡垒 the copper scroll refers to the fortress
就是在亚户谷 that is in the valley of Ahur
在海卡尼亚山谷的高处 and high above the Hyrcania Valley
那里有一座宏伟的堡垒 there is a magnificent fortress
这是一座被使用过的宫殿 it's a palace that was used
实际上是圣经中最臭名昭著的国王之一 actually by one of the Bible's most infamous kings
这就是约翰·阿莱格罗的决定 Herod so that's where John Allegro decides
接下来他要开始搜索了 he's gonna take his search next
1960年，约翰·阿莱格罗组织了一次探险 in 1960 John Allegro organizes an expedition
探索海卡尼亚山谷的这片区域 to explore this area of the Hyrcania Valley
这座堡垒可能建于公元2世纪左右 this fortress probably dates to about the 2nd century
公元前到公元1世纪 BCE to about the 1st century CE
但这从来都不是专业的 but it had never been professionally
考古调查或挖掘的 archaeologically investigated or excavated
铜卷轴 the copper scroll
给了快板一些非常具体的线索 gives Allegro some very specific clues
具体地说，宝藏是可以找到的 specifically it says the treasure can be found
在亚户谷的堡垒里 in the fortress which is in the valley of Ahur 40
台阶下有肘，往东 cubits under the steps entering to the east
大概是60英尺 which is about 60 feet
还有应该埋在那里的东西 and what's supposed to be buried there
卷轴上说宝藏是一个钱箱 the scroll says the treasure is a money chest
以及它的内容 and its contents
17塔兰特的重量 of a weight of 17 talents
那将是超过12磅的宝藏 that would be more than 12 pounds of treasure
人们可能会问你知道 people may ask you know
为什么乐高一直这么做 why does Lego keep doing this
想想结局是什么 well think think about what the end is
这不是为了找几枚硬币 this isn't to find a few coins
这里发现了1200磅黄金和白银 this is find 1200 pounds of gold and silver
那是一大笔钱 that's a lot of money
根据铜卷的线索 following the Copper Scroll clues
快板试图找到东墙 Allegro tries to find the eastern wall
在离台阶60英尺的地方 of this fortress about 60 feet from its steps
当他无法精确定位的时候 when he can't pinpoint that exact location
他开始探索 he begins to explore
两个隧道 two tunnels
在堡垒下面的悬崖北麓 at the northern foot of the cliff below the fortress
再一次快板挖啊挖啊挖 once again Allegro digs and digs and digs
他就在那里，他就在那里 he gets right down there he gets right in there
他尽其所能，却一无所获 he goes as far as he possibly can and nothing
日益紧张的政治局势 rising political tensions
以及中东的不稳定 and instability in the Middle East
在库姆兰进行进一步勘探 make further exploration in Qumran
和其他约旦河西岸的地点都很困难 and other West Bank sites difficult
没有进一步的大规模考古挖掘 there is no further large scale archeological dig
在希律王的要塞附近呆了二十多年 near Herod's fortress for over two decades
当另一个美国人加入狩猎时 when another American joins the hunt
1988年，一位美国飞行员和狂热的冒险家 in 1988 an American airline pilot and avid adventurer
罗伯特·摩根 Robert Morgan
是启发 is inspired
约翰·阿莱格罗的发现 by the account of how John Allegro had discovered
海卡尼亚要塞下面的两条隧道 two tunnels underneath the Hyrcania fortress
他安排与阿莱格罗会面 he arranges to have a meeting with Allegro
不幸的是 unfortunately
会议于1988年2月举行 the day of the meeting February 1988
也是这一天 is also the day
阿莱格罗严重心脏病发作并死亡 that Allegro suffers a massive heart attack and dies
然而罗伯特·摩根决定 and yet Robert Morgan decides
我想继续自己的挖掘工作 I want to continue and do this excavation on my own
问题是 the problem is
约翰·阿莱格罗拥有所有的执照和许可证 John Allegro had all the licenses and the permits
所以罗伯特·摩根要试一试 so Robert Morgan is going to have to try it
没有许可证 with no permits
在没有许可的情况下基本上可以进行挖掘 with no permissions basically to excavate
所以他决定做非法的事 and so he decides to do it illegally
摩根找到了一个朋友 Morgan is able to enlist a friend
还有其他几个老工人 and a couple of other veteran workers
他们花钱来做这件事 that they pay to do this
非法做这件事是很危险的 and this is a dangerous thing to do illegally
所以他们没有告诉任何人 so they're not telling anybody about it
他们把车停在几英里外 they park their cars miles away
而且他们只在晚上挖 and they only dig at night
当他们不太可能被发现或发现时 when they're less likely to be discovered or spotted
这种情况持续了大约十年 and it continues this way for like a decade
该小组进展甚微 the team has made scant progress
他的朋友指出他不会再继续了 and his friend points out that he will not continue
除非球队合法化 unless the team goes legit
于是他们联系了希伯来大学 so that's when they reach out to Hebrew University
研究生 graduate student
以及学者奥林·古特菲尔德 and scholar Orin Gutfield
所以奥林·古特菲尔德能够使这些挖掘合法化 so Orin Gutfield was able to legitimize these digs
他是第一位的 he was first of all
找到了以色列文物局 able to get the Israeli Antiquities Authority
提供许可证 to provide a permit
海卡尼亚的挖掘 for Hyrcania to be excavated
所以 and so
这对罗伯特·摩根来说太好了 this is great for Robert Morgan
因为现在他有关系了 because now he has got the connections
他需要这个伟大的研究机构 that he needs to this great research institution
有了资源 with the resources
它有 that it has
所以这不仅仅是可信度的问题，也是产品本身的问题 so it's not just credibility it's the stuff
你知道考古学不是一件便宜的事情 you know archaeology is not a cheap thing to do
它需要工具，需要人 it requires tools it requires people
他能在奥林·古特菲尔德身上做到这一点 and he's able to do this with Orin Gutfield
奥林和摩根做到了 Orin and Morgan were able to
正式和正式地挖掘赫拉库尼亚 formally and officially excavate herculanea
他们发现了一些非常有趣的隧道 they discovered some very interesting tunnels
它在地下 that went underneath the site
他们能够完全挖掘 and they were able to completely excavate
这些隧道 those tunnels
东部隧道的深度为262英尺 the eastern tunnel reaches a depth of 262 feet
西面隧道的深度为 the western tunnel reaches a depth of
394英尺 394 feet
但在他们穿过整个隧道之后 but after they've gone through the entire tunnels
他们没有任何重大发现 they haven't found any significant finds
更别说藏了这么多财宝了 let alone a massive stash of treasure
然而，对宝藏的又一次探索却一无所获 yet another quest for the treasures has come up empty
但这并不能阻止破译的探索 but that doesn't stop the quest to decipher
《铜卷》的秘密 the Copper Scroll secrets
在80年代末 in the late 1980s
30多年 more than 30 years
自从神秘的铜卷被发现以来 since the discovery of the mysterious Copper Scroll
搜索 the search
因为它隐藏的宝藏似乎开始无果而终 for its hidden treasure is starting to seem fruitless
快板已死 Allegro is dead
古特菲尔德和摩根一无所获 Gutfeld and Morgan have come up empty
但有一个人坚持不懈地继续他的探索 but one man doggedly continues his quest
他叫芬德尔·琼斯 his name is Fendel Jones
琼斯是个很有个性的人 Jones is a real character
他从浸信会牧师变成了业余考古学家 he's a Baptist minister turned amateur archaeologist
他很吵，很固执己见 he's loud he's opinionated
他完全痴迷于《铜卷 and he's completely obsessed with the Copper Scroll
1967年 in 1967
琼斯搬到耶路撒冷 Jones moves to Jerusalem
和 and
他成为了挖掘现场的团队的一员 he becomes part of the team that's excavating the site
昆兰的 of Qumran
这里就是死海古卷的所在地 this is the place where the Dead Sea Scrolls
包括铜卷 including the Copper Scroll
被发现 were discovered
如果那里有洞穴我们会找到的是的 if there is a cave in there we're gonna find it yes
即使他在外面 even though he's out there
他在挖啊挖，他在找 and he's digging and digging and he's looking
他什么也没找到 he finds nothing
他的方法，甚至资格 his methods and even qualifications
受到其他学者的批评 are criticized by other scholars
当一次又一次的搜索都是徒劳 and when search after search comes up empty
批评他的人觉得很有道理 his critics feel very validated
琼斯没有被吓倒 Jones is undeterred
他继续挖掘 he continues digging
1988年，他在库姆兰发现了一小块石油 and in 1988 he discovers a juglet of oil in Qumran
就像《铜卷》中描述的那样 just like the one described in the Copper Scroll
据说是用来给国王和祭司涂油的油 the oil supposedly used to anoint kings and priests in
古代以色列 ancient Israel
制作国际新闻 makes international news
尽管一些以色列考古学家对此持怀疑态度 though some Israeli archaeologists are skeptical
这位德克萨斯学者认为 this Texas scholar feels that
发现了小环 with the discovery of the juglet
他的团队比以往任何时候都要紧密 his team is closer than ever
一个重要的考古发现 to a major archaeological find
世界对《铜卷》的兴趣 as the world's interest in the Copper Scroll
琼斯现在被束缚和下定决心了吗 is rekindled Jones is now bound and determined
找到更多的项目 to find more items from the
第二圣殿 Second Temple
所以当他发现这个小罐子的时候 and so when he finds this little jug you know
这吸引了他，因为他说不 this captivates him because he's like no
这是真的 this this is real
这里有些东西 there's stuff here
还有什么呢 so what else is there
1992年，他发现了一个巨大的 in 1992 he discovers a massive
地下藏匿的寺庙香火 underground stash of temple incense
再一次。 again
与铜卷中描述的相符 matching something described in the Copper Scroll
之后是本德尔·琼斯 but after that for Bendel Jones
线索似乎消失了 the trail seems to go cold
现在又出现了一个新玩家 by now there's a new player on the scene
来自康涅狄格州的犹太研究教授 a professor of Jewish studies from Connecticut
谁相信 who's convinced
还有更多的铜卷轴宝藏 there's even more copper scroll treasure
就等着被发现 just waiting to be found
他叫理查德·弗洛伊德 his name is Richard Freund
Broyne开始寻找一个非常不同的地方 Broyne starts looking in a very different location
一个更神秘的地方 a more mysterious location
实际上在昆兰以南25英里处 that's actually 25 miles south of Qumran
理查德•弗洛伊德 Richard Freud
看到相似之处 sees parallels
这条特殊的铜卷线索之间 between this particular Copper Scroll clue
还有一个被称为字母洞穴的地方 and a location known as the cave of letters
它位于悬崖边上的高处 it's located high up on a cliffside
在库姆兰以南25英里的西岸 25 miles south of Kumran on the western bank
死海的故事 of the Dead Sea
这个洞穴离地面大约50英尺 this cave is about 50 feet off the ground
你不能就这么走进山洞 you can't just walk into the cave
你得爬上去才能到达洞口 you've got to climb to get up to the openings
这个洞穴 of this cave
我说开口是因为有两个开口 and I say openings because it's two openings
它们不会合并成一个 that don't merge into one
直到进入洞穴50英尺 until about 50 feet into the cave
字母洞穴已经屈服了 the cave of letters has already yielded
各种各样的古物 all sorts of ancient relics
有一个篮子 there's a basket
铜器 of bronze vessels
和香 and incense
上面刻有异教图案的铁锹 shovels that have pagan images inscribed on them
比如海神忒提斯 such as the sea goddess Thetis
谁是阿喀琉斯的母亲 who is the mother of Achilles
这些被认为是罗马文物 these are presumed to be Roman artifacts
但事实上 but in fact
还有犹太人的遗物也被挖掘出来 there are Jewish relics that are also excavated
从梯子的洞穴 from the cave of ladders
有一些日常用品 there are objects from daily use
有一种女人的洗漱用品 there's a kind of a woman's toiletries
就在这里 set that's in there
有人骨，有头骨 there are human bones there's a skull
最重要的是 and the most
吸引学者的其实是一个很大的 intriguing for scholars actually is a large
信件缓存 cache of letters
最大的缓存 the largest cache
我们手上的信件和通信 of letters and correspondence that we actually have
从这个时期开始 from the period
这些发现还包括Shimon Barkokba的信件 the findings also include letters by Shimon Barkokba
谁是犹太人叛乱的领袖 who is the leader of the Jewish rebellion
对抗罗马人 against the Romans
公元132年 in the year 132
弗洛伊德认为这个网站很有前途 Freund thinks this site could be really promising
他能带领一群考古学家 he's able to lead a group of archaeologists
探索洞穴 to explore the cave
2000年的信件 of letters in the year 2000
他带来的一些技术 some of the technology that he brings
是探地雷达 is ground penetrating radar
他能够深入探索洞穴 he's able to explore the cave in depth
他使用了另一种尖端技术 he uses another cutting edge technology
称为电阻率层析成像 called electrical resistivity tomography
这个过程 this process
测量地面的导电性能 measures how well the ground conducts electricity
与基石 with bedrock
粘土和碎石呈现出不同的颜色 clay and rubble all showing up in different colors
弗洛伊德开始叠加雷达图像 Freud begins overlaying the radar images
通过电子扫描 with the electrical scans
然后开始变得非常兴奋 and starts to get really excited
因为他意识到 because he realizes
洞穴可能有更低的一层 that there's probably a lower layer to the cave
这可以追溯到寺庙时代 that dates back to the temple era
他们发现的最有趣的事情之一 one of the most intriguing things that they find
这是藏银币和铜钱的地方吗 is this cache of silver and copper coins
它们是这些犹太反叛者铸造的硬币 they are coins that were minted by these Jewish rebels
当时罗马钱币的问题 the problem with the Roman coins at the time
它们是皇帝的肖像吗 is that they bore the image of the emperor
在他们和根据 on them and according to
犹太律法 Jewish law
硬币上不可能有任何生物的图像 you can't have any images of a living thing on a coin
所以他们制造自己的标志性硬币 so they make their own coins that are an iconic
其中一枚硬币上有铭文 and one of these coins actually has an inscription
上面写着为耶路撒冷的自由而战 and the inscription says for the freedom of Jerusalem
弗洛伊德把这枚硬币当作证据 Freud looks at this coin as evidence
那是字母的洞穴 that the cave of letters
很可能是犹太人的藏身处 may have well been a Jewish hideout
在此期间 during the time
围绕着第二圣殿的毁灭 surrounding the destruction of the Second Temple
他也开始相信这一点 he also comes to believe that
所有的青铜器 all of those bronze artifacts
它们是1960年挖掘出来的 that were excavated in 1960
根本就不是罗马的物品 were not really Roman objects at all
但事实上 but were in fact
被拯救的犹太仪式物品 Jewish ritual objects that were rescued
就在神殿被毁之前 right before the temple was destroyed
一些学者认为异教徒的形象 some scholars argue that the pagan imagery
反驳这个理论 disproves the theory
这些东西来自第二圣殿 that these items came from the Second Temple
弗洛伊德强烈反对这种观点 Freud strongly disagrees with this
他认为如果犹太人反叛 he believes that if the Jewish rebels
有机会获得罗马铜像吗 had the opportunity to have Roman bronze
他们会以其他方式使用这些材料 they would use that material in other ways
他们可能为了别的目的把它熔化了 they would have melted it down for another purpose
他认为 he argues that
因为这些东西是故意藏起来的 because these objects are deliberately hidden away
事实上他们是 that they are in fact
寺庙宝藏 the temple treasure
在《铜卷》中有记载 that's identified in the Copper Scroll
自1952年发现《铜卷》以来 since the Copper Scroll was discovered in 1952
学者圣经专家 scholars biblical experts
专业考古学家和业余侦探 professional archaeologist and amateur sleuths
都在寻找 have all sought
《铜卷》中所列的隐藏财富 the hidden riches listed on the Copper Scroll
在那些加入寻宝的人当中 among those joining the treasure hunt
是退休的消防局长和纵火调查员吗 is a retired fire marshal and arson investigator
从俄克拉荷马 from Oklahoma
吉姆巴菲尔德 Jim Barfield
参与了铜卷寻宝活动 becomes involved in the Copper Scroll treasure hunt
但是以一种非常迂回的方式 but in a very roundabout way
吉姆·巴菲尔德 Jim Barfield as
爱好是指对圣经文本的特别痴迷 a hobby has a particular obsession with biblical text
他把所有的时间都花在 and he spends all his time
在消防站休息的时候 during breaks at the fire station
只是复习一下这些 just kind of going over these
一遍又一遍的短信 texts again and again
试着去了解他们，更多地了解他们 trying to learn them and learn more about them
他的教会还帮他做了一次旅行 his church actually helped him make a trip
前往圣地 to the Holy Land
研究圣经古物和圣经文本 to study biblical antiquities and biblical texts
而死海古卷则代表圣经文本 while the Dead Sea Scrolls represent biblical texts
而《铜卷轴》却没有 The Copper Scroll does not
一开始是巴菲尔德 so at first Barfield
对铜卷不怎么感兴趣 takes very little interest in the Copper Scroll
巴菲尔德考虑了铜卷轴 Barfield considers the Copper Scroll
某种藏宝图之类的 a treasure map of some sort
他没有考古经验 he has no archaeological experience
所以他不是那种人 so he's not the kind of person
谁认为他有专业知识 who thinks he has the expertise
甚至不会 or even will
出去寻找不同的宝藏 to go out and look for the different treasures
但当他遇到Vanville Jones时，这种态度就改变了 but this attitude changes when he meets Vanville Jones
2006年，以色列的共同朋友安排了一次会面 in 2006 mutual friends in Israel arranged for a meeting
琼斯和巴菲尔德之间 between Jones and Barfield
巴菲尔德想征求他的意见 Barfield wants to pick his brain
关于死海教派的事 about the Dead Sea sect
写羊皮卷的人 that wrote the scrolls
也可以更多地了解库姆兰的领导能力 and also to learn more about the leadership of Qumran
但温德尔·琼斯真正想谈的是 but all Vendale Jones really wants to talk about
铜卷轴是宝藏吗 is the Copper Scroll treasure
在他发现的油和香之间 between the oil and the incense that he uncovered
也 and also
在信洞里的发现 the discovery that was made in the cave of letters
2000年琼斯确信库存 in 2000 Jones is convinced that the inventory
《铜卷》中有记载 given in the Copper Scroll
是准确的 is accurate
因此他相信神庙里有宝藏 and therefore he believes that the temple treasure
还在等着被发现吗 is still out there waiting to be found
这才是巴菲尔德真正感兴趣的 this is what really peaks Barfield's interest
巴菲尔德现在非常 Barfield is now very
对铜卷很感兴趣 interested in the Copper Scroll
他对他所谓的东西有了全新的尊重 he finds a brand new respect for what he calls
那不可思议的金属文件 that incredible metal document
在那次会议之后不久 not long after that meeting
巴菲尔德开始分析 Barfield begins analyzing
《铜卷》的英文译本 an English translation of the Copper Scroll
他开始了一项新的探索去发掘 and he begins embarking on a new quest to unearthed
这份文件里所有的金银 all of the gold and silver in this particular document
巴菲尔德的手法 what Barfield does as a technique
有一点不同吗 is a little bit different
他拿着地理地图 he takes geographical maps
他在旁边读 and he reads that alongside
铜卷轴里的物品清单 the inventory from the Copper Scroll
这让他可以匹配 and that allows him to sort of match
地理特征 geographical features
他跨过了这条线 and he comes across this line
在双人泳池 at the double entry pool
入口位于社区的北部边缘 with the entrance at the north edge of the community
这条线把巴菲尔德拉回了一个地方 that line draws Barfield back not to a location
但就我个人而言 but to an idea
这个想法是 the idea being
死海古卷是在哪里发现的 where the Dead Sea Scrolls were found
首先 in the first place
巴菲尔德回到了古定居点库姆兰 Barfield goes back to the ancient settlement of Qumran
因为 because
《铜卷》中提到了 the line in the Copper Scroll mentions something about
他在库姆兰的挖掘中知道这一点 pools and he knows that at the excavations at Qumran
他们发现了大型仪式池 they've discovered large ritual pools
这些水池被称为McFoot these pools are known as mcfoot
它们是浸入式水池 they are immersion pools
有 that have
它们的尺寸在希伯来圣经中有记载 their dimensions set out in the Hebrew scriptures
它们被用于净化 and they're used for purification
实际上我们知道艾赛尼派 and actually the Essenes we know
我每天都用这些McFoot went down and used these mcfoot daily
作为他们净化仪式的一部分 as part of their ritual processes of purification
库姆兰遗址就是定居点 the Qumran site is the settlement
离洞穴最近 closest to the caves
死海古卷是在哪里发现的 where the Dead Sea Scrolls were found
它位于高原上 it's located on a plateau
在亡灵海岸西北约一英里处 about a mile northwest of the shore of the Dead
西海岸外的海 Sea off the western shore
在耶利哥城以南约6英里处 about 6 miles south of the city of Jericho
大多数学者认为库姆兰的居民 most scholars believe that the residents of Qumran
艾赛尼派呢 were the Essenes
或者是某个犹太教派组织所为 or some Jewish sectarian group responsible
供收藏 for the collection
如果不是创造 if not the creation
死海古卷 of the Dead Sea Scrolls
库马兰还与祭司扎多克家族有联系 Kumaran also has links to the priestly Zadok family
因此在某种程度上也通往耶路撒冷圣殿 and therefore also in some way to the Jerusalem Temple
这些宝藏可能会在哪里 where some of these treasures might well
是 have originated
然后是鸠摩罗的仪式蝙蝠 and then you have Kumaran's ritual bats
这在理论上 which theoretically
可能是《铜卷》中提到的地方 might be places mentioned in the Copper Scroll
看起来是个不错的地方 it seems like a great place to look
所以除了提到双入口池之外 so beyond the mention of the double entry pool
铜卷上也写着 the Copper Scroll also reads
六腕尺朝向白色的祭品 six cubits toward the white immersion of oblation
从土壤中升起 rising from the soil
往下走到左边，离海底很远 going down into the left high above the seafloor
巴菲尔德认为，这句话指的是白人 Barfield believes that this reference to the white
浸入实际上指的是一层白色的灰泥 immersion actually refers to the layer of white plaster
在其中一个池子里 that lines one of these pools
你还能看到石膏的痕迹 you can actually still see the traces of that plaster
今天在泳池边 today at that pool
如果你仔细看 if you look at it
这还能是什么呢 what else could this be
而是《铜卷》所描述的地方 but the place that the Copper Scroll is describing
《铜卷》上说挖三肘 the Copper Scroll says dig three cubits
40银塔兰特 for 40 silver talents
所以你觉得可以3腕尺4又半40 and so you think okay three cubits four and a half 40
银盎司 ounces of silver
超过一百万美元 it's over a million dollars
以现在的银价，你知道的 at today's silver prices you know
那是一大笔钱 that's a lot of money
巴菲尔德最终获得了挖掘许可 Barfield eventually secures excavation permits
来自以色列文物局 from the Israel Antiquities Authority
2009年，他开始挖掘 and in 2009 he begins digging
但是有一个问题 but there's a problem
根据 according
以色列当局允许巴菲尔德挖掘 to Barfield the Israeli authorities allow him to dig
但深度还不足以找到他想找的东西 but not deep enough for what he's trying to find
巴菲尔德反驳说，他必须深入调查 Barfield pushes back saying he has to dig deeper
但他不能这么做 but he's not allowed to
法菲尔德确信2000多年来 Farfield is convinced that over 2,000 years
随着土壤的移动和运动 with the shifting of the soil and the movement
天然材料 of natural material
他仍然相信它在那里 he's still convinced it's there
在这之后，事情真的变得更糟了 things take a real turn for the worse after this
他和挖土机发生了冲突 he's running into conflict with his excavators
来参加挖掘的人越来越少了 fewer and fewer people show up for the dig
直到有一天 until one day
根本没人来 nobody shows up at all
他试了又试 he tries and tries
联系以色列文物局 to get through to the Israeli Antiquities Authority
他们甚至不回他的电话 they won't even return his calls
没有资源 without the resources
还有为挖掘工作的工人 and the workers to staff his excavation
项目就这样停止了 the project simply ceases
尽管 even though
巴菲尔德在古物管理局的批评者 Barfield's critics in the Antiquities Authority
相信他只是在做而已 believe that he's simply doing
哗众取宠的考古 sensationalist archaeology
他相信如果他被允许深入挖掘 he believes that if he had been allowed to dig deeper
他会找到宝藏的 he would have found the treasure
一些专家认为 some experts contend
《铜卷》中令人费解的线索 the puzzling clues in the Copper Scroll
只是为了被破译 were only meant to be deciphered
有内幕消息的人 by those with insider knowledge
如果你有那么多的财富 if you have that much treasure
你可能想要保守这个秘密 you probably want to keep it roughly a secret
这可能是一个原因 and so that could be a reason why
现代寻宝者 modern treasure hunters
你有这么困难吗 are having such a difficult time
解读本文件 interpreting this document
两千年后 2,000 years later
大约是铜制卷轴的时代 about the time of the Copper Scroll
我们知道军队中有叛乱 we know that there was rebellion among the ranks
在犹太，犹太人起来了 in Judea Jews were rising up
以这样的方式反抗罗马 to revolt against Rome in such a way that
它导致了暴力 it LED to violence
公元66年 in 66 CE
几个犹太派系设法做到了 several Jewish factions managed to
暂时压倒 temporarily overwhelm
城里的罗马士兵 the Roman soldiers in the city
不幸的是，罗马人卷土重来 the Romans unfortunately came back hard
他们真的是带着 they really sweep into the city with
令人难以置信的火力 an incredible amount of firepower
庞大的罗马军队4个军团，大概6万人 a massive Roman army four legions perhaps 60,000
士兵包围了城市。 soldiers surround the city
开始长达数月的残酷围攻 and begin a brutal months long siege
士兵们终于攻破了城墙 the soldiers finally breach the wall
他们压制了里面的叛军 they overwhelm the rebels inside
他们就放火烧了殿 and they set fire to the temple
抵抗被粉碎了 the resistance is crushed
约瑟夫 Flavius Josephus
一世纪的犹太历史学家告诉我们 the first century Jewish historian tells us
城里成千上万的犹太人 that hundreds of thousands of Jews in the city
被杀害或奴役 were killed or enslaved
如果寺庙宝藏 if the temple treasure
没有被转移到一个秘密的地方 wasn't moved to a secret hiding place
耶路撒冷外 outside Jerusalem
在入侵之前 before this invasion
还会发生什么事呢 what else might have happened to it
在罗马人摧毁了神庙之后 after the Romans destroyed the temple
他们会竭尽全力 they would have gone to great lengths
去寻找任何可以带走的宝藏 to find any treasure that they could take with them
罗马人折磨公民的政策是众所周知的 the Roman policy of torturing citizens is well known
提取信息 to extract information
关于他们想知道的事情 about things they want to know
比如寺庙里的宝藏在哪里 like where is the temple treasure
正如约瑟夫斯所写 as Josephus writes
根据罗马的政策 according to Roman policy
他们榨取了每一分财富 they extracted every last bit of wealth
包括有时候 that included sometimes
惩罚或折磨个人 punishing or torturing individuals
罗马社会极其残酷 Roman society was incredibly brutal
这是军事占领 and this is a military occupation
我们正在讨论的 that we're talking about
这是一场战争 this is a war
他们要做的就是找到那些人 all they need to do is find the people
谁知道宝藏藏在哪里 who know something about where this treasure is hidden
把他们关起来，审问他们 imprison them interrogate them
折磨他们，让他们说出所有的答案 torture them and have them give up all the answers
也许是罗马人发现了这个地方 perhaps the Romans found the location
各种铜卷轴 of various copper scroll
通过这样的方法获得财富 treasures through such methods
那些支持《铜卷》的人 those supporting the idea that the Copper Scroll
财宝被洗劫一空。 treasure was looted
看看罗马发生了什么 look at what happened in Rome
在耶路撒冷被洗劫之后 after the sacking of Jerusalem
在他们返回罗马时 upon their return to Rome
军团指挥官 the Legion commander
提图斯参加了所谓的胜利 Titus participated in what's known as a triumph
他和他的士兵会在哪里游行 where he and his soldiers would have paraded
穿过街道 through the streets
他们最近胜利的战利品 the spoils of their recent victories
游行队伍的一部分是一个华丽的金色烛台 part of the procession was a gorgeous golden menorah
这个神圣的烛台来自寺庙 right this sacred candlestick that came from the temple
这胜利的游行 this triumphant parade
一切有意义的秘密 of everything that was meaningful and secret
不是故意让人看到的吗 was not meant to be seen
除了牧师以外的任何人 by anybody other than the priests
所以把圣物放在这样的地方 so carried out the sacred objects in this whole kind of
真的亵渎 desecration really
和盗窃 and theft
耶路撒冷圣殿里最神圣的物品 of the most sacred objects from the Jerusalem Temple
军团司令提多 the legion commander Titus
谁最终成为了皇帝 who eventually becomes emperor
回到罗马 goes back to Rome
还有一个凯旋门 and there's a triumphal arch that's
为纪念他毁灭耶路撒冷而建 erected in memory of his destruction of Jerusalem
这对他们来说是件大事 it was such a big event for them
他们画在拱门的内侧 they depicted on the inner side of this arch
实际的游行 the actual parading
犹太神庙里的器具 of the implements from the Jewish Temple
我们有烛台的图像，展示面包的神庙 we have images of the menorah the temple of Showbread
银喇叭 the silver trumpets
它们都被描绘在这个拱门上 they're all depicted on this arch
至今仍矗立在罗马 that still stands in Rome today
但问题是罗马人得到了全部吗 but the question is did the Romans get all of it
或者是 or could it be
有些还埋在某处 that some of it is still buried somewhere
和 and
铜卷轴是我们唯一剩下的东西了 the Copper scroll is the only thing that we have left
这会给我们一些线索 that will give us clues
至于去哪里找 as to where to find it
这似乎是可能的，甚至 it seems possible maybe even
罗马人很可能洗劫了这座神庙 probable that the Romans may have looted the temple
而是把它夺回来，在罗马街头游行 but taking it back and marching in the streets of Rome
如果我们谈论的是吨，这就产生了一个巨大的问题 that creates a huge issue if we're talking about tons
白银，黄金和其他贵重金属 of silver gold and other precious metals
事实上 in fact
约瑟夫斯写道，耶路撒冷有很多富人 Josephus writes that many wealthy people in Jerusalem
没办法把宝藏运出城 unable to haul the treasure out of the city
把它埋在他们的房子下面 simply bury it beneath their homes
当罗马士兵真的攻破城墙时 and when this Roman soldiers do breach the wall
他们开始强迫人们挖金子 they begin forcing people to dig up any gold
他们埋葬了昂贵的银色家具 silver expensive furniture they have buried
几个世纪后，有些人相信 some believe that centuries later
隐藏的寺庙宝藏最终被藏了起来 hidden temple treasure eventually ended up stashed
在罗马最具标志性的圣地之一下面 under one of Rome's most iconic holy sites
我们知道梵蒂冈的财富 we know that the wealth of the Vatican
被称为不可估量 has been called incalculable
地下有巨大的隧道网络 there are vast networks of tunnels underneath that
保存未展出的文物 hold artifacts that are not even on display
2004年以色列文物局 Israel Antiquities Authority in 2004
能得到梵蒂冈的许可吗 were able to get permission from the Vatican
探索地下 to explore underneath
他们什么也没找到 and they found nothing
尽管什么也没发现 so despite finding nothing
有些人仍然相信有可能 there are some who still believe there may be
宝藏藏 treasures hidden
被锁在梵蒂冈的一个房间里 locked away in a room in the Vatican
自从1952年《铜卷》被发现以来 ever since the Copper Scroll was discovered in 1952
学者们对所谓的隐藏财富争论不休 scholars have argued about the alleged hidden fortune
质疑这是事实还是虚构 questioning whether it was fact or fiction
尽管现在很多专家都认为《铜卷 though many experts now agree that the Copper Scroll
有真实的历史记载吗 is a real historical record of
一套真正的历史文物 a real historical set of artifacts
有很多人认为这可能是简单的 there are many people who think it might simply be
民间传说 folklore
前董事 a former director
约旦古物部的专家说 of the Jordanian Department of antiquities says
我们在铜卷轴的东西 what we have at the Copper Scrolls
是关于古代宝藏的传统收藏吗 is a collection of traditions about ancient treasure
注意这里的“传统”一词 note the word traditions here
这篇文章也有争议 the article also takes issue
铜卷轴宝藏的巨大尺寸 with the sheer size of the copper scroll treasure
它指出，如果你看所有的黄金 it notes that if you look at all the gold
银牌和铜牌是200 silver and bronze there you would have 200
成吨的金属 tons of metal
这是一笔巨大的财富 that's an extraordinary amount of treasure
消失得无影无踪 to disappear without a trace
除非宝藏是神话而非现实 unless the treasure is more myth than reality
许多著名学者得出结论 many prominent scholars have concluded
铜卷轴宝藏根本不存在 that the copper scroll treasures don't exist
他们反而坚持 they insist instead
这是从丰富的民间传说宝库中提取出来的 that this is drawn from a rich treasury of folklore
回到最早的宝藏 going back to the earliest treasure
与第一有关的 associated with the First
耶路撒冷圣殿 Temple of Jerusalem
耶路撒冷第一座圣殿的倒塌 with the fall of that first temple of Jerusalem
自然是有记忆的 naturally there is a memory
对失去的记忆 a memory of what has been lost
这有时会转化为传说和民间传说 and this sometimes translates into legend and folklore
这样一个传奇故事被记录了下来 one such legendary account was recorded
历史学家 by the historian
约瑟夫 Flavius Josephus
他讲了一个本丢彼拉多时代的故事 he tells a story from the time of Pontius Pilate
处决耶稣的人 the man who executed Jesus
谁是公元26年到37年间的犹太总督 who was governor of Judaea between 26 and 37 CE
在一次叛乱中 in one of the revolts
这里有一个人来到现场，说嘿 here's a man that comes on the scene and says hey
我知道宝藏藏在哪里 I know where there's treasure hidden
大家跟我来 everyone come with me
我们去找宝藏吧 let's go look for this treasure
人们当然喜欢宝藏 people of course like treasure
当然，我跟你去 sure I'll go follow you
我要去找这个宝藏 I'll look for this treasure
他们找不到宝藏 they don't find this treasure
突然他说，哦 all of a sudden he goes oh
这个人愚弄了他们 this man has just fooled them
这是个骗局 this is a hoax
对于那些说这是某种 for those people who say this is all some kind of
神话就像一张假的藏宝图 mythology right like a fake treasure map
有一个很好的答案 there is a really good answer
这就是为什么任何人 that is why would anybody
在一张纸上写下一个简单的小说故事 write down a simple story of fiction on a piece of
贵金属 precious metal
铜很贵，很难买到 copper is expensive it's hard to come by
以及人力资源的数量 and the amount of manpower right
还有钱的数量 and the amount of money
这是必须的 that it would have taken
制作《铜卷 to put together the Copper Scroll
似乎表明 seems to suggest
他们写的东西是真实的 that what they are writing about is real
这不仅仅是在某人的想象中 it's not just in someone's imagination
我们所知道的 what we do know
它在风雨中幸存下来了吗 is that it survived the elements
还有时间的摧残 and the ravages of time
激发一种新的探索精神 to set in motion a new spirit of discovery
以及任何数量的民族 and any number of peoples
谁还想去找 who still want to go find
《铜卷》的宝藏 the treasures of the Copper Scroll
学者们试图理解 while scholars seek to understand
更多关于铜卷轴的信息 more about the Copper Scroll
还有它的秘密清单 and its list of secrets
考古学家继续寻找 archaeologists continue to search
浏览更多历史瑰宝 for more historical treasures
2017年 in 2017 the
以色列古物管理局发起了“卷轴行动” Israeli Antiquities Authority launched Operation Scroll
探索死海地区的每一个洞穴 an effort to explore every cave in the Dead Sea region
也许在其中一个洞穴里 perhaps inside one of these caves
他们会发现理解的关键 they'll discover the key to understanding
铜卷中的线索 the clues in the Copper Scroll
我们最终会找到 and we'll finally find
巨大的宝藏可能被埋在哪里 where its vast treasures may be buried
我是劳伦斯·菲什伯恩 I'm Lawrence Fishburn
感谢收看历史上最伟大的谜团 thank you for watching history's greatest mysteries