incredible power
decedent simplicity
Top Gun and top secret
we trust our lives to them
now jet engine on modern moms
the
and
it
the sr-71 Blackbird in the opinion of many
greatest airplane ever made
and to use jet engines have the power
45 diesel locomotives
can fly from Los Angeles to New York in under an hour
at speeds faster than a book
the Blackbird designed in the early sixties
was the crowning glory one of the greatest a reserve technological change
in the history of mankind on
the jet age the term was synonymous with scientific and social progress in the
fifties and early sixties
the jet age conjured up not just a technological revolution
but a radical change in the way human beings thought acted in live
and the jet age was power by this yeah blast of hot gases out at the end of a
medal to learn
one of the simplest ideas for an engine in history on
any child has ever blown up a balloon then released it to zoom through the air
as a deflated this scene how jet power works
the most common form a jet engine today as the turbojet
uses spinning compressor wheels at the front into the engine to compress the
incoming here
the air is then mixed with fuel and ignite
plans to exhaust gases out the back propels the engine for work
as well as rotating turbine wheels at the back which turned the front
compressor wheels on the same shop
today's jet engine was a logical progression from a device called the
turbo supercharger that was first used in the waning years of World War one
to get more power out of military airplanes powered by piston engines
he was a case where technologist were trying to allow the piston engine to
breathe if you will
more efficiently at high altitude with the turbine in the exhaust the rotated
the compressor wheel to force feed
care into the engine they had the main elements of the jet engine
although they didn't realize it at the time ironically
for all the inside in developing these turbines which had operated a very high
temperature
exhaust environment for all that inside they miss the significance
by directly connecting the turbine to the compressor
propeller-driven piston powered aircraft had a built-in speed limitation
because propeller blades lose sound go
in the early nineteen thirty's a few far-sighted aircraft engineers in
Britain Germany France and Italy
began toying with the idea of eliminating the piston engine
and the propeller altogether news
it might be possible that bob to power plane with the device
not all that different from a turbo supercharger but bigger
more powerful I'm critics however warned it was folly to try to use a pure jet
engine to power an airplane
this copper said such a jet engine will have to be so big and heavy the plan
could never get off the ground
some claim the jet engine would have to be lined with bricks to protect the fuse
a large
and the pilot from the intense heat
but a few young scientists persisted
one of them was Britain's Frank Whittle the first wrote about the idea of jet
aircraft in 1928
well as a cadet at Cranwell military school it turned into a thesis on the
possibilities are powering airplanes
with the gas turbine engine or turbojet
after graduation from Cambridge University
little began putting together a demonstration turbojet
his first model round so radically at almost exploded
and it would be three and a half years before he had a working model
but it was too weak to power an airplane will have been given
unusual treatment by the Royal Air Force he was placed in selected position so
that he could continue to develop his radical ideas
the iron even is is that to her when it came time to really back as ideas the
British government backed away from me
didn't get the support they need little had no way of knowing that at the same
time in Germany
another bright young engineer was working on exactly the same idea
Hans von Hohenheim had convinced one of Germany's leading airplane manufacturers
Ernst Heinkel
to let him build an experimental turbojet in 1936
within a year he had a viable engine and in August
1939 behind cool heee 178
roll down the runway and lifted into the sky
world was about to change the first jet engine
was in the air I
I
love
germany was not about to announce to the world that it it just created the first
turbojet
airplane the German Air Ministry recognize that they had a potential
wonder weapon and they also realize they would be at war
very soon no the racial the speed of an airplane to the speed of sound called
the Mach number was determined by the Austrian scientist
parents mom in 18 87 jet
engines will return on Modern Marvels
we now return
to Jeff engines on modern mom the
on in September 1939
less than a month after the test flight of the world's first jet fighter
Germany invaded Poland more was often
the work on getting a jet fighter into mass production still proceeded slowly
it
in 1939 40 there was no great impetus in germany to develop the jet engine
look far for felt invincible and the propeller-driven aircraft were doing
just fine
%uh
in early nineteen forty they destroy the Low Countries in the Scandinavian
countries
and then they're threatening Great Britain and what happens in the late
summer and the fall
up nineteen forty Germany losers
the Battle of Britain now dad is the moment when you start seeing a stimulus
now they suddenly realized we need something else although
parents Heinkel had flown the first jet powered test-playing
he was now in a race with his archrival Willy Messerschmitt
to develop the first mass-production jet fighter for the look of a
in April love 1941 high angle was the first into the air with his fighter
prototype
the innovative AG 280 but a year later
his competitor Messerschmitt had an even better jet fighter the emmy
262 the 262 was a superior airplane and
hires be higher range better-armed package so it was selected for
production
it was designed basically to destroy American bombers who could do that very
well because it had a tremendous
speed advantage over them it had tremendously powerful can I meant to do
that
17 me. 262 those were ordered for tests and evaluation
when nazi air a spate of Garland came to mister smith's test center to fly one
he was amazed at its effortless power and speed
which far surpass the performance of the look of this piston engine planes
accompanied by only a bustling sound my just shot through the air
this is another step forward this is a leap that will guarantee awesome
unbelievable
advantage so long as the enemy sticks to just a promotion
meanwhile in England rolls-royce had taken over development a frank whittle's
turbojet engine gether with the Gloucester aircraft company they created
the Gloster Meteor
between engine fighters which had its first test flight
in March I've 1943 the
that the Germans were the first to send squadrons and jet fighters and about 225
me.
262 use with delivered to the life of a in 1944
allied pilots would soon be shocked to see this completely new bird of prey
swooping down at speeds that scene impossibly fast
I think from now I pile standpoint what they were astonished at
was encountering a fighter they could put its nose up
and seemingly defy gravity and simply climb vertically away from them
that came as a real shot US fighter pilot Bob Hoover
shot down over the Mediterranean in 1944
saw his first jet from a German prison camp
I thought my goodness we lost the war because he was going so fast
I couldn't believe that there was anything like that in existence
and I thought Boyd I might be in his place forever
in one of the largest aerial armada in history in march of nineteen forty-five
the allies send 1200 Flying Fortress bombers to attack Berlin
escorted by more than 600 piston engine fighters
the German scrambled 37 me. 262 jet fighters to intercept them
and the lightning fast jets although outnumbered nearly fifty to one
managed to down 8 allied bombing and one fighter
but the emmy 262 came too late to make a difference in the war's outcome
from 1944 onwards as the war worsened for the nazis
german jet design began to show signs have desperation
no the sum UZS fighter concepts were
utterly bizarre and so you started seeing we had little fighters like the
Heinkel 162 the so-called folksy acre filled out of plywood with the jet
engine on the back to the airplane behind the pilot on the message meant
163 comment
which was a rocket-propelled file it used to hyperbolic feels in other words
when the fuels limits they would spontaneously combust
it was actually far more dangerous was pilot Sandoval was to the Allies
I'm you had piloted surface-to-air missiles
the bottom matter you had piloted be at a surface
guided bombs
many of these would have required years some other projects would require
decades to develop
the price if these ineffective projects was fewer effective planes like the emmy
262
I'm and the Arado 234 the world's first jet bomber
meanwhile the British led by Frank Whittle had their first jet fighter
ready to go in late 1944
called the Gloster Meteor helped intercept German v-1 buzz bombs
powered by a pollster jet engine the to intermittent Gaza bear
they do seem strange sound that gave the bus bomb its name
the British class to media
the German me. 262 never met in battle
the war was over before either of them could have any impact on the outcome
the US lagging far behind
would not happen operational jet fighter until after the war was over
during the war US military authorities initially had no idea how far behind
they were
aircraft engine manufacturers in the United States has shown little interest
in developing jet engines
they were making millions selling piston engines to the military
they also had very little incentive to take great
Bowl leaps if you will because the funding
that was provided by the military the military didn't provide funding for
experimental research
if they wanted to do research they more or less had to
a get that money from amortizing the profits on production programs
general happen Arnold love the US Army Air Corps arranged for the importation
and Frank whittle's jet engine technology
from Britain the United States
the General Electric Company in Lynn Massachusetts under conditions a great
secrecy
rivaling the Manhattan Project began developing an American version
up the with Jack the GE engine
based in an american testbed airplane called the P fifty nine
era comment lowered the very first American jet airplane
the protesting the 59 began in 1942 when you're up dry lake california
now known as Edwards Air Force Base which was used as a training base for
young pilots learning to fly
piston engine fighters on to disguise the P fifty nine
a fake wooden propeller was placed on its nose when it was moved across the
base
pilots on the south end of the lake well not really quite certain what was going
on
but every now and then some would return to base the stories have an absolutely
incredible inkatha
they would be flying along and all of a sudden and in a plane will fly alongside
with no propeller are whatsoever
we were probably even a little more disturbed
when they peered up into the cockpit and saw what appeared to be
a guerilla wearing a dirty had and waving a stogie at them
well that Carrillo wearing the turbine smoking a stogie was Bell's chief test
pilot rack Willems
Jack decided that they would be from a thrill enough to fly a jet alongside
them but he go one better
went down to Hollywood got a gorilla suit got to the stogie got the Derby and
he was off and running
and apparently miss rates here on base
managed to convince these guys that they had not seen
what in fact they had seen because after all everybody knows
an airplane can't fly without a propeller Jack gloves would later lose
his life in 1946 in the crash the plane he was preparing for an air race
but the P fifty nine that Williams help test would pave the way
for an exciting new generation love US aircraft
the Boeing 747
has carried enough passengers to equal one 4 the world's population
about one and a half billion people Jeff engines
will return on Modern Marvels we now return
Jeff engines on modern mom
see as testing and the very first US jet continued at new ROC dry lake in
California
it became evident that it was too slow to be the airplane the military was
hoping for
the P fifty nine would have been a very comfortable nice propeller-driven
fighter
one business basically a piston engine propeller fighter
without the piston engine without a propeller and the two jet engines buried
in the wing roots
it had very little contact potential but was a tremendous learning tool
completely unaware the top secret P fifty nine program
Kelly Johnson lockheed went to the US military with the plan for a radically
different
jet aircraft %uh the
Willis Hawkins was a young airplane designer working for Kelly Johnson at
the time
finally a senior colonel asked them to come into his office and
he sent to first thing you gotta shut up about that airplane hangars
secondly we've got a 20 engine airplane
this plan today jet engine and it's no damn good
he said
if we give you a specification for an engine that's already running
when you go home and make us a proposal two weeks later
Kelly Johnson submitted his unique proposal and three weeks later he had a
contract to build America's first operational jet fighter
the P eighty it was the beginning on Lockheed's top-secret skunkworks
division
the advanced aircraft unit that would go on to build many legendary
airplanes including most recently this down
fighter
he was given a contract dime to on
conduct at blockade harsh virtually and
an experiment in not only an aircraft but in production
he demanded and received authority to have
a sequestered workplace have no government interference
to be able to do a minimum of paperwork starting with the p80 program one of
Kelly Johnson's rules at the skunkworks
was never to separate the engineering department from the manufacturing
department
Willis harkin saw the value that rule when he was in the office have one of
the FAA these designers
irv call for the manufacturing department on the floor below called up
to say they needed a part designed
to brace a small curved section of the bulkhead
lawyer said let's go around shop and it appears cardboard
and fiddled with it and cut it with scissors into Lafayette been up the
edges
they should make it like that on the whole 60 llamame
guys fine anise and coercive
bring it back I gotta make a drying oven I
and that was what was meant by the communication with the shop
the all-new p eighty the flyer
560 miles an hour about 250 miles an hour faster
P fifty nine
Bob Hoover who saw his first jet from a German prison camp was now a test pilot
in the p80 program contending with
early jet engines that after five hours with overheated malfunction
those days we didn't have objection seitz
and IR you knew you had to get it on the ground quickly
are you are a lot of trouble because
it brought light came on that meant it's gonna blow up pretty quick
in the world fighter aircraft models like the p80 were designated p for
pursue
that changed in 1948 when the P became a nap
for fighter as in at eighty the f80 shooting star became America's first
production jet fighter
in 1944 that led to the more advanced and powerful
F 84 Thunder jet in 1946 it was the first US jet to have been
injection see an idea that was copied from the germans
the
Bob Hoover was the first to use work in an emergency
or at least try to use it happen when the jet engine on his test plane
suddenly
malfunction is very abrupt 11 other jet engines freezes
that whole airplane lurches like that and now it's just pitching although not
completely out of control
and so i thought well here we go with this eight
and so I'm rates down and pull an all
and
nothing happened then I hope in the canopy
and more sup right out and the reason for the ejection seat is to get your
alright the tail
drawing board killing your the pollack by hitting the tail
I went right into the tail and broke both legs right through the navy's
and i've landed way up in the Antelope Valley their
near-death from shock and exposure hoover was eventually picked up by a
farmer who saw his parachute in the sky
and search for the downed pilot for hours the move into a jet fighter was a
very pleasant experience Marty knutson lot more than 1,000 hours as an
F-eighteen pilot in Korea
after first-line a piston engine fighter said no you didn't have to worry about
having the right rpm for the power you were appalling
and the mixture the I was not lost control we have a call them
yeah offer fast
but American jet pilot soon faced a formidable opponent
in Korea
the November 1950 an airplane appeared which
absolutely shocked us to make d the russian-built airplane powered by a
the derivative rolls-royce engine which England either through
the stupidity are somebody's tree to separate its older the Soviet Union in
time when it was very very
foolish to have done so it BB gave their
Soviet Union engine industry a massive injection of Technology
immediately the whole stakes in the air superiority battle changed
DFAT was not really suitable to duke it out
with the make fifteen it simply had too many performance problems relative to
the higher performance make
the North American F 86 a project which arrived later in the Korean Conflict
came close to matching the Soviet mig-15 and performance
aircraft designers were playing catch up with the dramatically higher speed
capabilities and jet engines
EF 86 was the first US jet to have between swept back in anger
like make fifteens which created better handling at high speeds
the F 86 wasn't quite as fast as the make fifteen
but flown by the better trained US pilots the F 86 is we're just enough to
redress the balance in korea
on in the early days
jet development and rocket development work closely related
and both were used to power experimental airplanes
the main difference between the two is that the jet engine uses
oxygen in the air for its combustion while the rocket
carries oxygen on board for its combustion
that makes the rocket engine heavier but allows it to operate
outside the Earth's atmosphere I'm
people made very little distinction between them both were referred to as
jet
propulsion the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for example in it was set up
was a laboratory it to investigate
largely rockets there was this feeding process
back and forth between the two
in october of nineteen forty-seven Edwards Air Force Base
Chuck Yeager in the rocket-powered x1
did something many had predicted would never be done he flew an airplane faster
and the speed of sound is chased by a lid on the historic flight which is good
friend
Bob Hoover I it was it was considered
absolute a.m. possible there was 0 us
a wall of resistance that no one could penetrate
now
with the acre at the controls flying at nearly seven hundred miles an hour
23,000 feet the rocket-propelled bell x-1
became the world's first supersonic airplanes
a jet engine soon prove they were just as capable as rockets a breaking the
sound barrier
in 1953 the North American Wire
100 became the first jet fighter to break the sound barrier
in level flight it was powered by the highly successful and versatile
J 57 jet engine made by Pratt & Whitney
which had become the 2nd US manufacturer jet engines
along with General Electric the
the Cold War of the 1950s brought a mood of fear and suspicion
and the jet engine found a new application in a super secret spy plane
called the U-two
it all started when the CIA came to Kelly Johnson at the skunk works with an
idea
all the CIA said the killing was we want something that goes up
long way and yes very high
and we want pictures with you know who
Marty knudsen was one of the first six air force pilots recruited by the CIA
to fly the mystery aircraft on
we were asked if we'd be interested in flying
on a very dangerous mission I would be %uh
great value to United States of America
any red blooded young man says yes to have him
some other pilots speculated their secret mission might be to fly the first
spacecraft
mahdi knutson hoped it might be a new mark to
supersonic fighter
the six young fighter pilots were shocked when they were taken to a remote
CIA
airfield and shown the ugly duckling they were going to be flyin
it didn't really look like my cuppa tea dating a young hot fighter pilot team is
big
a long dangly wings things that I'm it may not have been pretty
but it was a jet on specially modified engine would compel a jew
incredible heights on
we immediately are flying airplane the next day and
being told to start laying down operational plans for
missions over Russia the flying the U-two was
unlike anything Marty knudsen at ever experienced as a pilot
they're almost like a living in another world you can
to start to see the curvature the earth well I guess I'd say it's big ego trip
to set up their
70,000 people look down on dead man's puny effort and the world the lawyer
the U-two was also powered by Pratt & Whitney's popular Jade 57 engine
but to allow operation at seventy thousand feet and higher
the engine had to be virtually handbill with much closer tolerances to minimize
losses air pressure
at high altitudes it was believed the you too could fly with impunity over the
Soviet Union
because no Soviet fighters are missiles could go high enough to shoot it down
and at first that was true the apparent
invincibility of the you to last until may first nineteen sixty
the day you to pilot Francis Gary Powers took off on a fateful mission
over the Soviet Union I was at boot on our way
I where he was supposed to land at our spot that they're playing
of Honor next flight out there I started pre breathing oxygen required between
the router hours before takeoff
she never arrived powers had been shot down by a Russian missile
captured he was sentenced to 10 years in a labor camp but was released two years
later in a spy exchange
the US announced in and to the soviet overflights
but the you to continue to fly exactly where
still classifier
perhaps the most amazing thing about the U-two is that it is still flying
on reconnaissance missions for the Air Force and research missions for nasa
that we start to see a shift in aircraft development aircraft
which had been designed for months a service for several years the service
now we start to see the potentiality
on the aircraft serving for decades have service
the U-two isn't the only legendary cold war jetzt offline
the B 52 Obama has been in service since 1955
likely to was invaluable in the persian gulf
from the 1990s could be for kids who was yet another landmark US aircraft powered
by Pratt & Whitney's J 57 engine the engine that won the coveted
Collier trophy for aviation design
the B 52 had 8 J 57 engines hanging in double hearts below its huge drooping
wings
they enable the world's largest jet bomber to cruise at more than six
hundred miles per hour
drop its bombs from eight miles up beyond the reach
anti-aircraft I'm water-borne flu B 52's
as an Air Force pilot in Vietnam when you have
complete air superiority you could send over a dump truck a drop of tried and an
essentially this would be to do does
but no wonder that would ever anticipated that the airplane with
flying
1999 Earnhardt as a probably will be in 2019
in the gulf war the B 52 had two roles
and the longest bomber flight ever undertaken the huge planes would fly
nonstop for thirty five hours from US air bases
to release their cruise missiles
to drop conventional bombs on ground troops as they have done in vietnam
the fifty-two attacks were devastated
single plane able to carry eighty bombs weighing a total of 75,000 pounds
the B 52 will fly well into the 21st century and possibly even in re engine
variations will we replace the HA tensions on the airplane perhaps with
four
has the capabilities a jet engine change we realize now that airplanes in many
ways a leg vessels we can reengineering we can repackage them
we can if you will reinvent a more than 1400
Messerschmitt and me 262 was built during World War Two
only six are known to exist today Jeff engines
will return on Modern Marvels we now return
to Jeff engines on modern mom he Benicia California
in the early nineteen fifties it was known as a breeding ground for the Beat
Generation
gathering place for folk singers jazz musicians poets and contrary thinkers
Warren marquardt Venice resident wasn't a beatnik
but he was a contrary thinker while everyone else in aviation was getting
excited about the new turbo jet engines
Marquart had a passionate interest in a radically different much simpler jet
engine
ramjet we were always told that rice first ramjet was made
on a curb down a Venice Calif taking a hammer some sheet metal
and making us on their in which she did burn this stuff
year in the accuracy or whatever
sometimes called The Flying stovepipe the ramjet is a medal to
with no moving parts it works only at extremely high air speeds
high enough for the speed alone to compressed air in the front part of the
engine
words combined with fuel and ignited the air has brought in
to the inlet the engine in this area here we have the fuel control system
push controls the operation of the ramjet itself instead of a compressor in
the front by the turbojet the RAM Jets high-speed alone creates the air
compression required
do
the ramjet was first used in an operational jet aircraft in 1962 when
the CIA began flying a revolutionary new spy plane made by the lockheed
skunkworks
the huge graceful sr-71
blackbird because if it's stunning appearance an astounding capabilities
many still regarded today as the ultimate jiang's
I'm
these huge engines used a combination of turbojet
and RAM Jet Propulsion the power the SR-seventy one to three times the speed
of sound
mythical almost magical to those who knew it and especially those who fluid
the now-retired black bird flu faster and higher than
any US jet has to this day least that's the official story
although some speculate there may be even faster spy planes today
that we aren't being told about I'm
the Blackbird began when the CIA brought a major design challenge to Kelly
Johnson skunkworks
they wanted a replacement you too which flew extremely high but was slow
therefore to easy the shootdown the skunkworks came up with the plane that
could fly much faster
at three times the speed of sound and even higher
at altitudes approaching 100,000 feet
one of the strongest the terence the perhaps we had
for aggressors the ball through the cold war
was that notion Nov the would be despot
or actual despot sitting down enjoying his cup of coffee or whatever
and then hearing that boom and realizing that he had just been overflown
yes
in the early 1950s it was a commonly held view
that while Jet Propulsion might make sense for military planes
the jet was impractical for use on passenger aircraft
I'm for one thing the jet was seen as a fuel guzzling
and therefore not economically feasible from commercial truck
but that overlook the fact the you love does it was cheap kerosene
not the highly refined expensive aviation fuel the
Justin and battery using there was another economy the airlines were
unaware on
because the jet engine had virtually no vibration compared to a piston engine
there was much less wear and tear on the engine and the aircraft
and the time between overhauls for TB hope to be increased dramatically
a lot of people think that the successive the jet age it was because
the speed
the main factor was the economy and they would take the engines I'm fine with me
they were just like new they put him back in again and then
they come back again there's still like new are the time between
overhauls has soared from a few hundred hours on the piston airliners in the
early 1950s
to more than 20,000 hours on jet airliners today
in 1952 Britain became the first country to put a commercial passenger jet into
service
to have a lot in common celebrated is a huge breakthrough in international
travel on
but success turned to tragedy after two disasters crashes
all comments were grounded the problem turned out to be cracks in the fuselage
due to metal fatigue
which cause the pressurized cabin to eventually explode
first passenger jet in the United States the Boeing 707 went into service in 1958
its design was influenced by Boeing's B-fifty two bomber
and use the same engines suspended from the wing in ponds as on the B 52
707 was a huge improvement over
any passenger plane that ever flown it
you can say that the jet age really began when Pan American
put this 707 into service because that was the sustained
serves the world never looked back on
from the 1950s onwards commercial aviation
stopped being the province
of an elite it stopped being the stuff
or rolling as people did red carpets out when airplanes passengers boarded
it now became a mass means of communication and travel
in 1915 8 more people flew across the north atlantic
then sailed across it that here and
within 10 years world passenger air travel had quadrupled
it was a famous pictures on the cover of life magazine
and I think it showed forty two airplanes lined up waiting to take off
at kennedy
and it was becoming evident that the airlines and especially the busy hub
airports were becoming congested
and the answer was apparently in 1970 Boeing working in cooperation with Pan
American Airways
produced what is still the biggest passenger jet ever
the gigantic seven forty-seven it was more than twice the size of a Boeing 707
on
the seven forty sevens for jet engines are so huge
you can stand inside the intakes
today's 747 is very different from the one that came out in nineteen seventy
the engines make half as much noise from 17 percent less fuel
and are more powerful the original 1970 engines
had about twenty thousand horsepower and take on
and today's engines have about 5,000 more
d can carry more than 60,000 gallons of fuel
and has a range more than 8 thousand nautical miles
that means its gas mileage is about 750 feet
per gallon the first seven forty sevens in the early seventies sold for twenty
one million dollars
today a 747 will cost you $170 million and
you can order your choice a vengeance from either General Electric Pratt &
Whitney
a rolls-royce
this being the flight shipment the world's airlines now for almost 30 years
you so time for another one
the next big development in air passenger travel will be
just and being airbus is developing what some are calling the superjumbo
double-decker plane happens big again is a boeing seven forty-seven
and capable of carrying six or seven hundred people
pathway around the world it new generation passenger jet engines being
produced by GE for the Boeing 777
are the most powerful ever reaching about forty thousand horsepower
had taken
nearly thirty years after Chuck Yeager broke the sound barrier
the Concord carried the first supersonic passengers
in 1976 gone chords for engines developing about sixteen thousand
horsepower
each intake of propellant twice the speed of sound
the plane's development was paid for by the French and British governments
which helped eliminated competing American design
eventually the Concord planes were given free of charge the respective national
airlines and Britain and France there's never been a profit-making aircraft
partly because it's loud sonic boom prohibits travel
over populated areas and call it the
a technical merit which is days there's an economic disaster
because %uh the sonic boom problem any airline experts are pessimistic about
the expansion supersonic passenger travel
but ten thousand dollars is a drop in the bucket
where military air superiority is concerned and that's where supersonic
aircraft will continue
to push the envelope the
the first jet versus jet combat occurred in November
1950 between an American f80 and the Soviet mig-15
over Correa modern marvels will return
in recent years the Jets more glamorous cousin
the rocket engine has been getting all the attention I'm
but now the jet engine is hot again Jets combined with rockets are on the cutting
edge of nasa's newest technology to take this into space
nasa believes the revolutionary new scramjet
to put a lot into orbit much cheaper than the rocket powered space shuttle
I'm
but a jet engine needs air to work so rockets which don't need air would take
over be on the Earth's atmosphere
the scramjet is a supersonic version of the simplest type a jet engine there is
the ramjet ramjet reaches a certain altitude
it becomes less efficient him the scramjet supersonic combustion ramjet
become more efficient at the higher altitudes in the Highmark members
talking about not numbers between market and Mott twenties
this is probably the only way future they were going to come up with
low-cost access to space
another new cutting-edge development in jet engines is called
thrust vectoring on
it allows the Jets exhaust to be aimed instantly and any direction
creating great maneuverability thrust vectoring technology was pioneered in
the X thirty one program
at the nasa dryden Research Center in California
the highly maneuverable x31 staged an amazing demonstration at the Paris Air
Show
in 1995
the air force's new fighter jet the f22 Raptor
has thrust vectoring to a limited degree and beyond the F twenty-two
the next generation Joint Strike Fighter will be used by the Air Force the
Marines
and the Navy is expected to have even Raiders
rest back during capability eventually some say the jet fighter will be in
unmanned air vehicle UAV
like those being developed at the lockheed skunkworks by Erik Knudsen
his father former you to pilot Marty knudsen
once flew jets over the Atlantic using a hand-held Sexton to navigate by the
stars
eric's unmanned planes do it all with the computer chip
12 I understand it right here this is the man
and more something like that the pilot football aviano
small unmanned air vehicles like this said course key model will someday fly
military reconnaissance missions
through urban canyons and even inside buildings
and so may be powered by tiny micro turbine jet
engines
the drawings and designs are seen have
engines about the diameter of a quarter less or talking about indians enter
extremely small very lightweight and probably a few years of
in the future before they come to existence
the skunkworks and other US aircraft companies are also designing much larger
unmanned vehicles but some dayquil fill the role
up today's jet fighters layin
one of the greatest aircraft mysteries of all time is the overwrought
top secret US spy plane rumored to be flying since the early 1990s
at speeds as high as mark salmon
speculated the plane if it exists may use a highly advanced form a Jet
Propulsion
unlike any we've seen so far I'm when the legendary
sr-71 blackbird
retired in 1990 many speculated the air force must have a new an even better
spike
the early 1990s there were several sightings strange loud aircraft that
left an unusual contrary I'm
described as doughnuts on a Rome a mysterious budget item
aurora was included on an air force report apparently by accident
the name stuff but does the overall a really
exist I have to tailor I don't know but here's my
personal opinion I think the tear or existed that it was flown
was not satisfactory and withdrawn now that may be completely wrong
but that's my opinion that you might be supported by the fact that the United
States temporarily
reactivated 3 sr-71 Blackbird
in 1995
throughout the history of the jet and the most mindboggling developments have
taken place in secret
only to be revealed much later to amaze
public today billions of dollars are spent each year for research development
and production
in secret military programs
if the money's being put to good use we can prepare to be a main
at and home of
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