冰冻星球 ============ 记录片之家倾情奉献 http://www.jlpzj.com/ 本字幕仅供学习交流，严禁用于商业用途 ============ 翻译&时间轴&校对：样子
This white wilderness, this emptiness, is the North Pole.
这片白色荒原，这里空无一物 这就是北极
I'm standing in the middle of a frozen ocean.
我正站在一片冰冻海洋之上
Beneath my feet and for over 500 miles in every direction,
在我脚下周围的五百英里范围
there are several metres of ice.
都是几米厚的冰层
But something significant is likely to happen here,
不过很快在北极就可能发生
at the North Pole, soon.
巨大的变化
Chances are that some time, within the next few decades,
有可能在接下来的几十年里
perhaps even as soon as 2020,
甚至最快在2020年
there will be open water here
在有记录的人类历史上
for the first time in human recorded history.
这里就会第一次出现开放水域
The Arctic and Antarctic are changing.
北冰洋和南极洲正在改变
Enormous masses of ice that have been frozen for thousands of years
已经冰冻数千年的巨量冰雪
are breaking apart and melting away.
正在裂开并且融化
Ice scientists are going to extremes
研究冰的科学家们使尽浑身解数
to find out exactly what's going on.
来了解正在发生什么
For them, these are exciting times.
对他们来说这些时刻让人兴奋
But the transformation that's being seen here will be felt
不过人们在这里看到的转变 影响的却
far beyond the polar wilderness.
远不止这些极地荒原
In this programme,
在本次节目里
I'll be trying to understand what these changes mean,
我要去了解这些变化意味着什么
not just to the wildlife and people that live around the Poles,
不只是对极地生活的生物和人们
but for the whole planet.
而是对整个星球
履于薄冰 ============ 记录片之家倾情奉献 http://www.jlpzj.com/ 本字幕仅供学习交流，严禁用于商业用途 ============ 翻译&时间轴&校对：样子
I'm starting my journey in the Arctic, the far north of our planet.
我从地球远端的北冰洋开始旅程
It's still very cold outside by most people's standards,
按多数人的标准外面仍然十分寒冷
but the Arctic has been warming fast,
不过北冰洋已经在迅速变暖了
twice as fast as the rest of our planet.
速度是我们星球其它地方的两倍
My first mission
我的第一个任务
is to find out what effect that's having on the animals.
是要看看这对动物们有何影响
Although first, we have to find them.
当然我们先得找到它们
It's April in Svalbard.
这是斯瓦尔巴德的四月
We are 1,000 miles north of the Arctic Circle,
我们位于北极圈以北一千英里
in search of the region's top predator.
在寻找这一地区的顶级掠食者
We need to travel away from the land and out over the frozen sea.
我们要离开陆地去往冰封的海洋
There's some tracks right beneath us.
我们正下方有足迹
Over there.
就在那边
I'm with a Norwegian team,
我和一个挪威团队在一起
which is giving the polar bears of Svalbard their yearly health check.
他们正在为斯瓦尔巴德的北极熊 进行年度健康检查
She's under us now.
它就在我们下面
I'll come round for a clean shot.
我要转过去好瞄准
The team works together to give an anaesthetic injection
大家一起协作用镖枪来麻醉北极熊
from a dart gun without hurting the bear.
而不伤害它
It takes tremendous skill.
这对技术要求很高
Ah, you've got it.
啊，打中了
I'll just back off until she's asleep.
我等它睡着后再回来
Nobody likes to see a magnificent animal
没人愿意看到像北极熊这样
like a polar bear lolling about unconscious on the ice,
威严的动物耷拉着舌头昏在冰上
but it's only by darting them
但是也只有通过麻醉镖
in this way and keeping check on them year after year,
这种办法才能每年来进行检查
that we can be sure we know what is happening to them
才能知道对于它们以及所有北极熊
and the population of polar bears as a whole.
都发生了什么
Over the last 30 years, many teams have been seeing
在过去30年里，很多队伍都看到了
the condition of their local bears deteriorate.
他们当地北极熊的情况在恶化
Although not every bear is suffering.
但也不是每头熊都在受苦
- How much? - 96, there.
- 多种？ - 这边96
And 102 here, so that's...
这边是102，所以
- 197 - Yeah.
- 197公斤 - 对
Is that good?
情况好吗？
It's not too bad, it's a bit above average.
不算太差，比平均值高
So she's a bear in a good condition for Svalbard to be.
所以这头雌熊 在斯瓦尔巴德的情况尚好
The trouble is that if this was underweight,
问题在于要是它体重不足
she would be in trouble.
就会有大麻烦
Not only from her own point of view,
不光是对它自身
but from the point of her cubs,
更是对它的幼崽
because an underweight female gives birth to underweight cubs
体重不足的雌性产下的幼熊 也会体重不足
and underweight cubs have a great problem
而体重不足的幼熊
of surviving their difficult first year in these circumstances.
在此条件下很难活过艰苦的第一年
It can be minus 40 degrees Centigrade
在北冰洋春季伊始
when polar bear cubs emerge at the start of the Arctic spring,
幼熊从诞生的洞穴里出来时的气温
from their dens where they were born.
可能是摄氏零下40度
This mother hasn't eaten for half a year.
这头熊妈妈已经半年没吃东西了
She and her cubs need to fatten up fast over the next few months
它和孩子们都得在接下来的 几个月里迅速胖起来
and their chances of survival
它们的生存机会
depend on what's happening beneath their feet.
要看它们脚下会发生什么
These polar bears aren't walking on land.
这些北极熊并没有在陆地上行走
They're roaming across the frozen surface of the sea.
它们漫步的是冰封的海洋表面
And the bear's food lives under the ice.
北极熊的食物生活在冰下
Ringed seals
环斑海豹
are hunted by polar bears.
是北极熊的猎物
In fact, in some parts,
事实上，在有些地方
polar bears eat almost nothing else.
北极熊几乎不吃别的东西
So, it's very understandable that this...
这只海豹妈妈
..mother ringed seal
正盯着我看
who's looking at me now,
它多少有些担心
should be a little apprehensive.
这并不难理解
That pup of hers is only about three or four days old
幼崽仅仅三、四天大
and the pup won't be able to swim
还得再过两、三天
for another two or three days.
才会游泳
Seals have good reason to be nervous around their holes.
海豹在洞边理应十分谨慎
They need the holes to breathe when the sea is frozen,
大海冰封时，它们要用洞口来呼吸
but this makes them easy to find.
但这样它们也更容易被发现
Polar bears can sniff out seal holes,
北极熊能够闻到海豹洞口
even if they're covered in snow.
哪怕是埋在雪下
Spring is the best hunting season.
春季是最佳狩猎季节
This mother's found a food store under the snow
熊妈妈在雪下发现了储藏的食物
that was probably made by an Arctic fox.
很可能是北极狐留下的
It's a time of plenty now,
现在食物充分
but the bear family need to make the best of it
不过北极熊一家必须充分利用机会
because the good times are about to come to an end.
因为这一美好时光很快就会结束
As the weather warms,
随着天气变暖
the ice beneath the bears' feet starts to break up
北极熊脚下的冰面开始碎裂
and then melt.
然后融化
And as the ice dwindles,
海冰日益减少
so do the bears' chances of a successful hunt.
北极熊的狩猎机会也随之减少
Most of the ice is lost over these shallow coastal waters,
岸边浅水区的海冰 是大部分海豹的居所
where most of the seals live.
大部分已经不见了
It's now summer and these bears have a choice,
现在是夏季 这些北极熊面临着选择
take their chances on the shrinking ice floes,
是到日益缩小的浮冰去碰碰运气
or make for the safety of the land.
还是回到安全的陆地上面
It's a case of sink or swim.
要么沉下去，要么游过去
Bears have always gone hungry in the summer,
北极熊整个夏天总是要挨饿
but the length of time when there's enough ice for them
不过在北冰洋的很多地方
to go hunting is getting shorter and shorter,
有足够海冰进行狩猎的时间
across much of the Arctic.
是越来越短了
This is hitting cubs particularly hard,
这对幼熊的影响更为严重
because they can't survive for as long without feeding as their mother.
它们不能够像母亲那样 长时间忍饥挨饿
Cubs that were born underweight are at the greatest risk.
出生时体重不足的幼熊风险最大
This mother and her cubs may well not get another meal
这个熊妈妈和它的孩子们 在海面重新冻结前
until the sea freezes again in winter.
可能都吃不上一顿饱餐了
There's not much to eat on land
陆地上没什么可吃的
and the fact is that the longer the cubs have to wait
而在海冰回归前幼熊等待的
until the ice returns,
时间越久
the more likely they are to die.
它们就越容易死亡
Longer summers with no ice are probably the main reason
变长的无冰夏季很可能是很多地区
why many polar bear populations are dropping.
北极熊数量正在下降的主要原因
To help monitor bears into the future,
为了在未来也能监测北极熊
this female is being fitted with a radio collar to track her movements.
这头雌熊被戴上了一个用来 跟踪它行动的无线电项圈
It's an extraordinary sensation
离如此威猛的动物这么近
to be so close to such a powerful animal.
真是让人心绪难平
With luck, carrying that collar,
真希望它运气好
she will have more years to go yet...
能够带着项圈生活很多年
..and be telling us a great deal
并且让我们更多地了解
about herself and the rest of the race of polar bears,
它和北极熊这个物种
as they face this very uncertain future.
还有它们尚不明确的未来
The future of the ice cover on the sea
未来海面的冰盖
isn't just an issue for the animals.
可不只跟动物息息相关
It's a big concern for the people who live in the Arctic
也同样是常年在北极地区居住 的人们所关心的
and travel across the ice every day.
他们每天都在冰上旅行
David Iqaqrialu is an Inuit from the village of Clyde River
大卫·伊卡卡利卢 是加拿大最北部克里德河村
in the Canadian Far North.
的因纽特人
There are very few roads up here,
这里没有几条路
so David and his community, like most Inuit people,
所以大卫和村里人 跟多数因纽特人一样
have always travelled across the frozen sea.
一直都在冰封的海面上穿行
Dog sleds are the safest way to get around
狗拉雪橇是最安全的旅行方式
because the dogs feel thin ice underfoot
因为狗能够感觉出脚下的薄冰
and won't lead travellers into trouble.
不会把旅行者带入险境
Old-timers, like David, know the ice is as well as we know
像大卫这样的老前辈对这里的冰面
the streets in our local neighbourhood.
就像我们对家附近的街道一样熟悉
Every spring,
每年春天
cracks have always formed in the same places at the same time.
裂缝总是在相同的时间和地点出现
It's going to be big very soon.
这个很快就会变得很大
After two weeks maybe...
大概两周后
..it will be more open.
就会裂开很多
But now, cracks are appearing where they never did before.
不过现在，裂缝出现在 从未出现过的地方
So, David and his friend, Laimikie, have taken on a new job.
所以大卫和他朋友
They are using special GPS units
他们在用一种特制的GPS仪
to record the position of new cracks or weak ice.
来记录新裂缝或弱冰区的位置
These findings will be used by locals for their own safety,
这些发现不仅能保证当地人的安全
but they're also being studied by ice scientists,
也同样用于冰雪科学家们的研究
who want to predict how the ice will change in years to come.
他们希望能够预测将来冰层的变化
The Inuit are keen to know what the future holds too
因纽特人也非常想知道未来会如何
because they've seen with their own eyes
因为他们亲眼看到了
the changes that the scientists have seen from space.
科学家们从太空中看到的变化
This satellite photo from 1980
这张1980年的卫星照片上
shows the Arctic Ocean at the end of the summer,
是夏季结束时的北冰洋
when ice cover is at its minimum.
（1980年九月）
是当年冰盖最小的时候
Since then, there's been a 30% drop in the area covered by ice.
从那时起，冰盖的面积 已经减少了30%
But these images
但是这些图像
can't tell us about changes to the most important factor,
（2010年九月）
不能告诉我们最为重要的因素
the thickness of the ice.
那就是冰层厚度
Measuring thickness across the whole ocean
很多年来，科学家们曾对测量
was beyond scientists for many years,
全海洋冰层厚度无能为力
until help came from an unexpected source.
直到得到了意想不到的帮助
The Arctic Ocean is of huge military importance,
北冰洋有着重大的军事意义
as it's the shortest route between North America and Russia.
它是北美和俄罗斯间最近的路线
Since the late 1950s, British, US and Russian submarines
从上世纪五十年代开始 英国、美国和俄罗斯的潜艇
have been patrolling the Arctic Ocean.
就一直在北冰洋巡弋
But as well as looking out for enemy activity,
不过除了关注对手的行动外
they've also been measuring the thickness of the ice,
他们也一直在测量冰层厚度
critical when looking for a place to surface.
这是寻找上浮位置的关键
When scientists got permission
当科学家们得到许可
to look at the submarine crew's records,
来看潜艇的记录数据
they discovered that the ice has been thinning fast.
他们发现冰层变薄的速度很快
In fact, it's nearly halved in thickness since 1980.
其实从1980年至今已经几乎减半了
Across most of the Arctic Ocean,
北冰洋的大部分
there are now just a couple of metres of ice.
冰层现在只有两米左右
It's so thin that it could melt away almost entirely in the summertime,
薄到在夏天时几乎可以完全融化
and that includes the ice at the North Pole.
这也包括北极点的冰层
If current trends continue,
如果现在的趋势不变
then there will be open ocean here by summer's end,
这里几十年后在夏末的时候
some time within the next few decades.
就会是开放水域
So, the days of the Arctic Ocean being covered
所以北冰洋被连绵冰层
by a continuous sheet of ice seem to have passed.
覆盖的日子就要过去了
Whether or not that's a good or bad thing, of course,
当然这到底是好是坏
depends on your point of view.
要看你的立场
Nobody has had a better view of the changes to the Arctic Ocean
没有人对北冰洋的变化比阿拉斯加
than the people of Barrow, the most northerly town in Alaska.
极北小镇巴罗的人们更清楚
The people here have always survived by hunting on the frozen sea
当地人一直靠在冰封海洋狩猎为生
and they celebrate this at a festival every year.
他们每年都有节日来庆祝
The blanket toss was once the best way
从小在那里长大的刘易斯·布洛尔
to spot distant animals to hunt,
解释说用毯子把人抛起
as lifelong resident Lewis Brower explains.
曾是瞭望远方猎物的最佳办法
When we throw ourselves up into the blanket, you know,
我们把自己用毯子跑起来时
you get that much more of an 'Ahh'
不光是会大喊大叫
of seeing further and further out,
而是能够看到很远的东西
so sometimes, you'll jump 15-20 feet in the air,
有时能跳到15到20英尺高
and hopefully, you're being caught right back into the blanket.
当然最好是落回到毯子上面
I'm OK!
我没事！
But the old way of life is under threat.
不过旧的生活方式正在受到威胁
When Lewis was young, the sea stayed frozen to the horizon until July,
刘易斯年轻时 海上直到七月都一直冰封到远处
and some ice remained off-shore all summer.
有些地方整个夏季岸边都有冰
But now, it's breaking up in June
不过现在，海冰六月就碎裂了
and melting away completely for two or three months.
有两、三个月全部化光
I used to go out on the ice all the time at
我过去每年的这个时候
this time of the year,
总在冰上走
but we can't do that any more, cos there's no more ice.
不过现在不行了，因为没有冰了
Lewis can also see that the loss of sea ice
刘易斯也能看到海冰的消减
is affecting the animals he hunts for a living.
对他赖以为生的猎物的影响
Since 2007, something very strange has been happening
从2007年起，巴罗附近的海岸线上
on this stretch of coastline, close to Barrow.
一直有件怪事发生
Mother walruses, confused by the lack of ice,
海象妈妈因为缺冰而困惑
are crowding onto the land with their pups.
带着孩子挤到陆地上
This very tight crowding isn't normal
这么紧的海象群不正常
and it's caused many youngsters to be crushed to death.
会导致很多小海象被挤死
Many Arctic animals are threatened by the changing conditions
很多北极地区的动物 正面临条件变化的威胁
and that's also bad news for the traditional hunters.
这对传统狩猎者也是坏消息
But the ice loss could be good news for some people.
不过冰的消退 对有些人来说是好消息
There are trillions of dollars' worth of oil and gas
在北冰洋下是价值数万亿美元
under the Arctic Ocean.
的油气资源
But the only way to get to them,
不过到目前为止
until now, has been by building expensive artificial islands,
开发它们的唯一办法 是构建像这样昂贵的
like this.
人工岛屿
But if the sea ice goes,
不过要是海冰消失
it will be much easier to drill for the huge riches below.
钻到下面巨大的宝藏就容易许多
So, the countries that surround the Arctic are scrambling
所以北冰洋周边国家摩拳擦掌
to stake their claims.
竞相宣示主权
This daring attempt by the Russians to claim the disputed seabed
俄国人大胆宣称 拥有这片有争议的北极海床
at the North Pole in 2007 caused fury among the competing countries
在2007年引起了 众多竞争国家的愤怒
and it's unlikely to be the last such dispute.
这很可能不会是最后一次争吵
The Arctic has never been so important
北冰洋从未如此重要
and not just because of its resources.
也不仅是因为其资源
The North-West passage,
西北航道
a legendary sea route around the north of Canada and Alaska,
是绕过加拿大和 阿拉斯加北部的传奇海道
cleared of ice in the summer of 2007
2007年夏季在有记载的历史上
for the first time since records began.
那里的冰第一次完全融化
This promises a much faster and cheaper shipping route
这条大西洋和太平洋之间的通路
between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
是快捷便宜得多的船运航道
And some wildlife could benefit from an ice-free Arctic too.
有些野生动物也会 因为无冰的北冰洋受益
Bowhead whales are one of just a few whales
弓头鲸是能在北极常年生活
that can live year-round in the Arctic
的少数鲸类之一
because they have no dorsal fin.
这是因为它们没有背鳍
This means they can come up for air in small spaces
所以能在很小的空间呼吸换气
and travel easily under the ice.
在冰下活动很容易
Their unique body shape used to mean that the Arctic whales
它们独特的身体形状在过去 意味着这种北极鲸
had the seas to themselves for most of the year.
一年里大部分时间独享海洋
But now, some cousins from down south are moving in.
不过现在它们的一些亲戚 也从南方赶来
Killer whales are now a much more common sight in the Arctic.
虎鲸越来越频繁地出现在北冰洋
Their tall fins make it difficult for them to travel under ice,
高高的鳍使它们在冰下活动不容易
but the longer summers mean they can travel much further north
不过更长的夏季意味着 能够向更北边前进
and make the most of the rich Arctic seas.
去利用富饶的北冰洋
For animals and people,
对于动物和人类
it will be those that can adapt who will thrive in a changing Arctic.
都是适应北冰洋变化的才能繁荣
But the loss of sea ice isn't just an issue for the Arctic,
不过海冰的消融 不仅是北冰洋的问题
because the state of the ice affects the climate of the whole planet.
因为冰的状态会对全球气候有影响
Because it's white, the ice reflects up to 90% of the Sun's energy.
白色的冰能够反射太阳能量的90%
This is called the albedo effect
这被称为反照效应
and it's why we often see heat haze in the Arctic,
这也是为什么我们经常 能在北极见到热霾
even when the air feels cold.
甚至在周围都很冷时也是
The frozen Arctic Ocean acts as a huge reflector,
冰冻的北冰洋就像是巨大的反光镜
bouncing back the Sun's heat into space.
把太阳的热量反射回太空
Throughout history, that has helped to cool the planet,
在整个历史上，这能帮助冷却地球
but when the ice melts, it's a different story.
不过等到冰全部融化，就不一样了
Because sea water is dark,
因为海水是暗的
it absorbs most of the Sun's heat.
会吸收阳光中的大部分热量
In the Arctic, this can trigger a chain reaction,
这在北极会带来连锁反应
as the warming water melts more ice,
因为变暖的海水会融化更多的冰
exposing more water to the Sun's heat.
让更多的水域接受光照
This cycle of warming,
这个变暖的循环
as huge areas start to absorb rather than reflect heat,
导致很大的区域 在吸收热量而非反射
is the main reason why the Arctic, a region the size of North America,
这是为什么像北美一样大的北冰洋
is warming twice as fast as the rest of the Earth.
暖化的速度是其它地方的两倍
So, melting sea ice is a big issue.
所以海冰的消融是个大问题
But there's another kind of ice
不过还有一种冰
that could have an even more dramatic impact on our world.
能给全世界带来更加剧烈的冲击
The ice that is found on land.
这是在陆地上的冰
This is fresh water ice,
这是淡水形成的冰
formed from thousands of years of accumulated snowfall.
由数千年的积雪形成
This is the front of a glacier,
这是冰川的前沿
quite a small one, believe it or not.
信不信由你，这个规模很小
Glaciers are like rivers of frozen fresh water
冰川就像是冰冻淡水的河流
flowing across the surface of the land.
流过陆地的表面
This one, like most polar glaciers,
这个跟多数冰川一样
is flowing down from a vast inland ice sheet.
是从巨大内陆冰原流下来的
And it's what happens to those ice sheets
正是发生在这些冰原上的事
that could radically alter the face of the planet.
能够给地球面貌带来巨变
The Greenland ice sheet is by far the largest in the Arctic.
格陵兰冰原到目前为止 是北极地区最大的
It's two miles thick in places
在有些地方有两英里厚
and six times the size of the United Kingdom.
面积相当于六个英国
Every summer, some of the surface of the ice sheet melts,
每年夏天，冰原表面都有地方融化
forming sapphire blue lakes of melt water.
融水形成宝蓝色的湖泊
More and more of these lakes have been forming
因为格陵兰在最近20年里变暖
as Greenland has warmed over the last 20 years.
形成了越来越多的这种湖泊
This lake has grown over several weeks and now it's overflowing,
这个湖已经增长了几周了 现在开始溢水
carving a deep channel through the ice.
在冰上切处深深的沟渠
A network of channels criss-crosses the ice sheet,
在冰原上形成交错的沟渠网络
but many of them come to an abrupt end.
不过它们中很多会戛然而止
Huge holes, like this, can open up quite suddenly,
这样的巨洞会突然出现
draining the melt water away.
把融水排干
Alun Hubbard is a glaciologist, studying the enormous power
阿伦·赫巴德是个冰川学家 正在研究这些
of these waterfalls, which are known as moulins.
冰川瓯穴瀑布的惊人的力量
We've got this amazing moulin going off here today.
今天这里就出现了 一个惊人的瓯穴瀑布
The water's overflowing from the lake, which is beginning to drain.
水流从湖中溢出，然后排到这里
Tonnes of water cascading down this pipe that is, effectively,
数吨的水流从这个管道冲下
plummeting to the depths of the ice sheet through
沿着一公里多的垂直冰洞
over a kilometre of vertical ice.
落到冰原的深处
Alun is here to study where the melt water goes
阿伦在研究这些融水流到哪里
and what effect it has on the remaining ice.
对剩下的冰又有何种作用
To do that, he needs to find a moulin that has recently run dry.
要想如此，他就要找到 最近刚流干的冰川瓯穴
Just a week ago,
仅仅一周前
there was a three-mile long, ten-metre deep lake here.
这里还有一个三英里长 深达十米的湖
The weight of all that water cracked the ice beneath
那些水的重量把底部的冰压裂了
and the late drained in just a few hours with incredible force.
然后在几小时内 就以惊人的力量排光了
Thousand-tonne ice boulders were tossed about like dice.
上千吨的冰块像色子 一样被冲得东倒西歪
Alun's team have found the hole down which the lake disappeared
阿伦的团队已经找到了 湖水流下的冰洞
and they want to have a closer look.
他们要靠近去检查一下
It's not a job for anyone with a fear of heights.
这个工作要是恐高可干不了
As you can see, it's dry up here, but if you listen,
看下去这里是干的，不过要是听
you can hear the thunder of,
还有雷鸣般的响声
there's a lot of water entering it at some depth.
深处有很多水在流进去
Alun wants to place a sensor deep into the moulin
阿伦想在瓯穴深处放一个传感器
to discover how much water is flowing through the ice.
来测量有多少水流过冰层
As they drop, they travel back in time.
他们向下去时，就在回到过去
30 metres down and they reach ice formed from snow
下面30米处是一万年前
that fell 10,000 years ago, in the last Ice Age.
最后一次冰期的积雪形成的冰
When this lake drained
当湖水排出去时
and the plug got pulled and the...
这个地方开了个洞
..whole lot flushed down through here,
所有水都从这里冲下去
this ice sheet,
这片冰原
it rose by a metre
上升了一米
as that water accessed the bed and
因为水进入到了底部
forced, jacked up the ice sheet.
将冰层整块抬起来了
So, we know that the water in this
我们知道水流进了
whole plumbing cavity system, down here,
这下面的排水孔道
we know that shoots straight through that ice
我们知道水直接流过冰层
and actually hits the bed of the ice sheet.
直接到达冰原的底部
We've hit the water, I can see the water now.
我们到有水的地方了，我能看到了
Great.
太好了
Nice work.
干得不错
This daring experiment
这次大胆的实验
is measuring how the water flowing under the ice sheet
是在测量水在冰原下面的流淌
affects the speed with which the glaciers flow from it,
对冰川向大海流动的速度
down to the sea.
有何影响
The theory is that the water is acting as a lubricant.
理论上说水起到润滑剂的作用
So, the more water there is, the faster the glacier flows.
所以下面的水越多，冰川流动越快
To the naked eye, glaciers don't appear to move at all.
对于肉眼来说，冰川看来完全不动
But move, they do.
不过它们的确移动
These unique time-lapse images
这些特别的缩时摄影
were captured over the last four years.
是在过去四年里拍摄的
Through long observations,
通过长期的观察
we now know that Greenland's ice is flowing down to the sea
我们现在知道格陵兰的冰 流向大海的速度
twice as quickly as it was 20 years ago.
在过去20年里增快了一倍
The speed of the glaciers affects our sea levels
冰川的速度对我们海平面有影响
because when they reach the water,
因为当它们到达水面时
they break apart into icebergs.
会碎裂形成冰山
Occasionally, a real mega-berg is born.
有时会有巨大的冰山诞生
This is the Store Glacier in May 2010.
这是2010年五月的斯道尔冰川
75 million tonnes of ice, that had been sitting on land
七千五百万吨冰已经在陆地上
for thousands of years, has broken away.
长达数千年，现在断裂下来
Events like this have become increasingly common,
这样的事情发生的越来越频繁
as Greenland's glaciers flow faster into the sea.
因为格陵兰冰川在加速流向大海
Every single one of these icebergs
每一个冰山都会
raises the sea level a small amount.
让海平面上升一点儿
Scientists monitoring the ice sheet
检测冰原的科学家们
predict that Greenland might add as much as a half metre
预计到本世纪末全世界海平面
to world sea levels by the end of the century,
会因为格陵兰而上升半米
enough to swamp many of the world's low-lying islands.
足够淹没很多低平的岛屿
99% of the Arctic's fresh water ice is in Greenland.
北冰洋的淡水有99%都在格陵兰
It's a staggeringly big ice sheet,
这是一片大得惊人的冰原
but it's just a drop in the ocean
不过要是跟地球南端
compared to that at the southern end of our planet.
相比的话就不过是沧海一粟
In Antarctica, there is ten times more ice,
南极洲的冰量比它要大十倍
by far the largest concentration of ice on Earth.
是地球上冰最密集的地区
Our exploration of the Antarctic only began
我们对南极洲的探索
a little over 100 years ago.
刚刚一百年出头
The study of ice retreat here was unwittingly begun
对这里冰雪消退的研究 开始时完全出于无心
on an expedition led by the great early explorer Ernest Shackleton.
是因为杰出的早期探险家 欧内斯特·沙克顿的一次探险
In 1916, after their expedition boat was crushed and sunk by ice,
1916年，他们的探险船触冰沉没后
Shackleton and two companions set off to
沙克顿和两个同伴乘小船
summon help in a tiny boat.
去寻求帮助
They sailed over 800 miles across the Southern Ocean
他们航行穿过800英里的南大洋面
to the island of South Georgia, on the edge of the Antarctic.
到达了南极洲边缘的南乔治亚岛
Near starving and dressed in rags,
他们极度饥饿，衣服都成了破布
walked across the ice sheet at the centre of the island,
步行穿过了岛上中心的冰原
knowing there was a whaling base on the opposite coast
知道在对面的海岸有捕鲸基地
where they could summon help.
能够在那里得到帮助
This team of Royal Marines is re-tracing the steps
这对皇家海军陆战队员正在重历
of that journey in tribute to Shackleton and his men.
该旅程来向沙克顿和他的手下致敬
But for all their efforts, they can't exactly copy the great walk
不过无论他们如何努力 都没法真正完全重复那次旅程
because the ice is not as it was.
这里的冰已经不是当年的冰了
A number of South Georgia's glaciers
沙克顿的摄影师拍摄了
were photographed by Shackleton's cameraman.
南乔治亚岛一些冰川的照片
Frozen Planet saw a dramatic change
在94年后之后冰冻星球剧组
when they returned 94 years later.
在这里看到了巨大的变化
Most of South Georgia's glaciers have shrunk
从沙克顿时期开始南乔治亚岛的
since Shackleton's time
多数冰川都缩小了
and most of that has happened
这些变化的大部分
since I first went to the Antarctic 30 years ago.
是在我30年前第一次 到南极洲后发生的
I've been to South Georgia several times
我到过南乔治亚岛多次
and seen how greatly the glaciers there have changed.
亲眼见到这些冰川巨大变化
This photograph of a glacier reaching right down to the sea
这张冰川探到海中的照片
was taken just six years before I first visited in 1981.
在我1981年第一次到那里 的6年前拍摄
Now, that glacier has retreated by 400 metres away from the beach.
现在冰川已经从海滩后退了400米
Temperatures in South Georgia have risen sharply,
南乔治亚岛的气温有大幅度上升
but the Southern Hemisphere's most dramatic warming
不过南半球暖化最严重的地方
has happened a little further south.
还要再向南去一些
In recent years, stronger winds blowing over the Southern Ocean
最近几年，吹过南大洋的强风
have brought warmer air to the 800 mile-long finger of land
给南极洲最北面的800英里
that forms the northern extremity of the Antarctic continent.
狭长陆地带来了暖空气
Here, on the Antarctic Peninsula,
在这里，南极半岛上
the changing wind patterns have driven temperatures up
风的模式转变使得这里的气温
by nearly three degrees Centigrade over the last 50 years.
在最近50年里升高了3摄氏度
Ten times the average rate of the rest of the planet.
是地球上其它地区平均速度的十倍
The rapid warming is having a big effect on the birdlife.
这里的迅速变暖对鸟类影响很大
The Adelie penguin is the most southerly nesting of all penguins.
阿德利企鹅是所有企鹅中 筑巢最靠南的种类
And, like the polar bear, up in the north,
和在北面的北极熊一样
their lives are dependent on the sea ice.
它们的生活要依靠海冰
Adelies spend their whole lives near ice.
阿德利企鹅的一生都在冰的附近
These birds have spent the winter feeding at the ice edge,
这些鸟儿冬季在冰缘进食
but now it's spring
不过现在是春天
and they've started a long trek over the frozen sea towards land.
它们开始了从冰冻海洋 走向陆地的漫长旅程
They're heading for areas of exposed rock,
它们要前往有裸露岩石的地区
where they gather to breed in colonies
并且聚集成数量多达
that can be over 100,000 strong.
十万只的繁殖地
But it seems that Adelies don't find the conditions
不过看来现在半岛上的条件
on the Peninsula to their liking any more.
阿德利企鹅已经不那么喜欢了
17 years ago, when I was last in the Antarctic,
17年前，我最后一次在南极洲时
there were large colonies of Adelie penguins
整个南极半岛沿岸都有
all along the Antarctic Peninsula.
巨大的阿德利企鹅繁殖地
Now, warming temperatures have meant less sea ice
现在气温升高意味着海冰减少
and Adelie penguin numbers are in decline.
阿德利企鹅的数量也在下降
Many colonies have been emptying fast.
很多繁殖地都在迅速缩减
It may be that penguins are starving,
这可能是因为企鹅食不果腹
or it may be that they're heading south to colder climes
也可能是因为它们到更靠南的地方
where there's still plenty of ice on the sea.
那里会有更大量的海冰
But, as in the Arctic,
不过跟在北冰洋一样
while ice-loving animals are feeling the heat,
当热爱冰雪的动物经受热的考验时
animals that like it a bit more cosy are moving in.
喜欢更舒适条件的动物则络绎赶来
The bright orange beaks of Gentoo penguins
有着明亮橘色喙的巴布亚企鹅
are a much more common sight on the Peninsula these days.
这些日子在半岛上越来越常见了
I always used to know them as residents
我以前一直以为它们居住在
of the slightly warmer islands north of the Antarctic.
南极洲北面稍微暖和些的岛上
But they've moved south in numbers.
不过它们大举南迁
There are thought to be ten times more Gentoos
据估计现在南极半岛上
on the Peninsula now than just 30 years ago.
巴布亚企鹅数量是30年前的10倍
The peninsula has warmed a great deal,
这个半岛气温上升了许多
but the same is not true further south.
不过再往南去就不是如此了
The Antarctic continent
在南极大陆上
is smothered by the world's greatest ice sheet.
覆盖着世界上最大的冰原
One and half times the size of Australia
面积是澳大利亚的1.5倍
and up to three miles thick.
厚达3英里
A staggering 75% of the Earth's fresh water
惊人地锁住了地球上
is locked up in this ice.
75%的淡水
Global sea levels would rise by some 60 metres
要是全部融化，全球海平面
if all this was to melt.
会上升60米
But what chance is there of that happening here in the coldest,
不过在地球上最冷最严酷的地方
most hostile place on Earth?
这样的机会有多大呢？
The ice beneath me, up here on top of the ice cap,
在我脚下冰帽上的冰非常厚
is so thick that I am short of breath,
因为海拔太高
simply because of the altitude.
我都喘不上气
This is midsummer
现在是盛夏
and the average temperature
这里的平均气温
is some 20 degrees below freezing.
只有摄氏零下20度左右
And I can tell you it feels much lower than that.
我的感觉是比那还要低很多
And even the worst predictions don't suggest
即使最不着边际的预测
that the air is going to warm enough to melt the ice.
也没说这里能暖和到融化冰雪
But now, scientists are asking a different question.
不过现在科学家在问另一个问题
Could the speed at which the Antarctic ice flows off the land
南极洲的冰从陆地流向海洋的速度
be increased by a warmer ocean?
是否会因为海洋暖化而加速？
Where the ice sheet meets the sea,
在冰原与大海的交汇处
scientists are going to extreme lengths to find out.
科学家为了了解这些使尽浑身解数
Firing.
起爆
Andy Smith works for the British Antarctic Survey.
安迪·史密斯是英国南极科考队员
What we have here is one kilogramme of pentolite explosive.
我们用了一公斤彭托利特炸药
We're going to use this to generate a shockwave
用这来产生震荡波
and record the echoes that come back from underneath the ice.
并且记录从冰层下面的回声
Firing.
起爆
Andy is particularly interested in mapping
安迪对绘制海岸附近冰层下面
the underside of the ice around the coast.
的地图很感兴趣
Because here, it isn't resting on land.
不过这里的冰没有陆地支撑
It's floating on sea water, so if sea temperatures rise
是浮在海水上面 所以要是海洋温度上升
just a little, it can be melted from below.
哪怕一点儿，都能把它从下面融化
Around the coast of Antarctica,
在南极洲海岸周围
the glaciers have flowed out across the sea
冰川一直流向大海
to form immense masses of floating fresh water ice,
形成了巨大的淡水浮冰
called ice shelves.
被称为冰架
These freeze to the land around them,
这些冰架把陆地冻结在中间
sticking fast and acting like bathplugs,
牢牢连在一起，就像是浴盆塞子
holding back the flow of the glaciers into the sea.
挡住了流向大海的冰川
On the Antarctic Peninsula, a one-degree sea temperature rise
在南极半岛上，海水温度上升一度
has helped to break apart seven major ice shelves
在过去30年里已经造成
in the last 30 years.
7个大冰架的断裂
This is the Larsen B ice shelf,
这是拉森B冰架
three times the size of Greater London,
面积是大伦敦的3倍
breaking apart in 2002.
它在2002年断裂
Afterwards, the glaciers it had been holding back
之后被它挡住的冰川流向海洋
started flowing up to six times faster.
的速度提高了六倍
In 2008, a much larger ice shelf
2008年，在半岛南端
at the southern end of the peninsula started to break up.
一个更大的冰架开始断裂
It's an enormous event that's never been filmed before.
如此大规模的情况从未被拍摄到过
Andy Smith is flying down the Peninsula
安迪·史密斯在飞往南极半岛
to study this phenomenon first hand.
对该现象进行第一手研究
We're flying to a place called Wilkins Ice Shelf.
我们飞去的地方叫威尔金斯冰架
It's an ice shelf that, over the last couple of years,
这个冰架在过去的两年里
has shown a very sudden and dramatic break-up.
出现了突然而且剧烈的断裂
The Wilkins Ice Shelf is a two-hour long flight
从科研基地到南边的威尔金斯冰架
south from his research base,
要飞行2个小时
but Andy can start to see the evidence of ice shelf break-up
不过安迪在到达之前很远的地方
a long way before he gets there.
就看到了冰架断裂的证据
As we're heading further south,
我们还要往南飞
we can see more and more icebergs in the ocean.
现在能看到海上的冰山越来越多
And most of the big ones will be ones
这里多数大家伙
that have broken off the ice shelves in this area.
都应该是从附近冰架上断裂下来的
Once we cross the mountains, we should be able to see
我们飞过这山脉后就能看到
Wilkins Ice Shelf and then it's not far then
威尔金斯冰架，那就离冰缘
to the ice front, here, where it's collapsing.
不远了，也就是断裂带
As Andy's team reaches their destination,
安迪的团队到达了目的地
the scale of what's been happening soon becomes clear.
发生的事件规模一目了然
Here, for thousands of years, an area the size of Yorkshire
数千年来，这里一块约克郡大小的
has been covered by a sheet of ice 200 metres thick.
海域被200米厚的冰层覆盖
But now, over half of that has broken apart.
不过现在有一半已经断裂脱离了
Andy has been studying Antarctic ice for 25 years,
安迪研究南极洲的冰已经25年了
but even he is blown away by what he's seeing.
但是所见到的让他都大吃一惊
Now, that is pretty awesome.
场面真不一般
That is remarkable.
这可真壮观
The edge of the ice shelf has just, kind of, disintegrated.
冰架的边缘刚刚脱离
Some of the big pieces look like
有些巨大的冰块看来
they could be a mile or more in size.
有一英里甚至更大
It's almost like a, sort of, a slow motion explosion.
看来就像是爆炸的慢镜头
It all pushes outwards very quickly.
都在迅速向外推进
Every one of these huge icebergs will slowly drift out to sea.
这些巨大冰山 都会缓慢向外飘到海上
To study how fast that happens,
要研究这些变化的速度
Andy needs to get closer to the action.
安迪就得离现场更近一些
We're going to look around and see if we can find a place
我们得在周围看看能不能找到地方
where we can land.
进行着陆
And if we can, we'll be able to put down an instrument
要是能行，就能放上个仪器
that will help us monitor the big icebergs that are breaking off
帮助我们监测冰架断裂时
as the ice shelf breaks up.
形成的巨大冰山
Landing on an iceberg is another first for Andy's team.
在冰山上着陆是安迪团队的第一次
This satellite transmitter
这个卫星信号发射器
will help to track the continued break-up
将帮助他们继续跟踪
of this colossal ice shelf.
这片巨大冰架的断裂
The remainder of the Wilkins looks set to break apart soon.
威尔金斯冰架的剩余部分 看来很快也会断裂
It's the latest ice shelf to disintegrate
这是向南波及的
in a wave that's been travelling southwards,
冰架断裂中最近的一次
playing a major role in the loss of ice from the Peninsula.
这对半岛上冰的消减起到重大作用
Next in line, and already weakening in places,
下一道防线已有多处已经被消弱
are the ice shelves that hold back
那就是挡住南极洲
Antarctica's gigantic continental ice sheet.
巨大内陆冰川的那些冰架
And it would only take a small corner of this to slide into the sea
这里面只要有一小部分滑进大海
to have major global consequences.
就会产生重大的全球影响
We've only started to see changes in the Arctic and Antarctic recently.
我最近才刚刚开始看到 北冰洋和南极洲的变化
So, it's hard to predict exactly what impact these changes will have.
所以很难预测这些变化 带来的影响到底会怎样
But we can see for ourselves that these places are changing
但我们能够看到这些地方的变化
and on a scale that is hard to ignore.
规模上都不容忽视
The Poles, North and South, may seem very remote,
极地地区，无论南北，看似遥远
but what is happening here
但是这里所发生的
is likely to have a greater effect upon us
对我们所产生的影响很可能比
than any other aspect of global warming.
全球变暖的其它方面都更为巨大
If the Arctic sea ice continues to disappear,
要是北极的海冰继续消失
it will drive up the planet's temperature more quickly.
全球的气温就会更快地升高
And the melting ice sheets
冰原的消融
could contribute to a sea level rise of a metre,
到本世纪末将使海平面
enough to threaten the homes of millions of people
上升一米，会危及到全世界
around the world's coasts by the end of the century.
沿海地区数百万人的家园
We've seen that the animals are already adapting to these changes,
我们看到动物们 已经开始适应这些变化
but can we respond to what is happening now
但是我们会对在个冰冻星球上
to the frozen planet?
所发生的有所回应吗？
Freeze Frame
雪骨冰神--拍摄花絮
The increasing unpredictability of the ice was a big issue
冰的不可预测性对于冰冻星球
for the Frozen Planet team,
剧组来说是个大问题
who spent three years working on top of it.
他们可在冰上工作了三年
Breaking the Ice
冰消雪解
Whether on sea, land, lake or river,
无论海上，陆地，湖面还是河流
the state of the ice was the first concern for most filming crews.
冰的状态都是摄制组最为担心的
Unexpected break-ups
意外的冰面破裂
left many a cameraman in need of a swift rescue.
让很多摄像人员需要紧急救援
Sometimes, help came by boat, and sometimes by air.
有时要靠船只，有时需要空中帮助
I had a chance to see the changing ice conditions for myself,
我本人在去北极点时就有机会
when I visited the North Pole.
看到冰况的变化
I flew with the team to a temporary camp
我跟摄制组飞到一个临时营地
that is set up every year in the centre of the frozen Arctic Ocean
它每年都建在冰冻的北冰洋中心
to support expeditions to the Pole.
为极地探险提供支援
I had never visited the North Pole before,
我以前从没到过北极点
so this was a great highlight for me.
所以这对我来说是个亮点
But it was hard going in temperatures of minus 40,
不过在零下40度下什么都不容易
so as soon as filming finished, we flew south.
所以拍摄一结束，我们就离开了
Little did we know that we had made it out just in time.
我们并不知道我们走的正是时候
We got back from the Pole camp last night
我们昨晚从北极营地回来
and I've just bumped into the Russian Commander,
我刚刚碰到俄罗斯的指挥官
who's just heard from the camp.
他刚刚从营地得到消息
And the news is that a little crack, which I'd seen in the ice
他说我们帐篷和飞机跑道间
between our tent and the airstrip,
有一个小裂缝
which was no more than an inch or so wide,
原来不到一英寸宽
has, overnight, widened to 20 metres.
一夜间就增加到了20米
Temporary break-ups,
由于强风
caused by stormy weather and strong winds,
导致的突发断裂
have happened before, but they've been getting
以前也发生过，不过最近几年
more and more frequent over recent years
频率越来越高
as the ice has got weaker.
因为冰面正在变弱
It was only swift action by the staff
全靠工作人员的迅速反应
that prevented a lot of valuable equipment going in the drink.
才避免了很多昂贵设备沉入水下
The biggest concern was that the ice airstrip might break apart,
人们最担心飞机跑道可能会断裂
but, luckily, it held and everyone was able to evacuate
还好它一直坚持到天气转好
when the weather improved.
所有人都能够撤离
The Frozen Planet team's clearest demonstration of the power
冰冻星球摄制组对 坚冰碎裂的威力和不可预测性
and unpredictability of breaking ice
感受最深的是在他们去拍摄
came when they went to film the melting of a frozen Canadian river.
加拿大一条冰封河流融化的时候
Producer Mark Linfield and researcher Matt Swarbrick
（2009年4月17日）
制片马克·林菲尔德和研究员
have travelled to the far North of Canada.
马特·斯沃布里克深入加拿大北部
Matt, when was the last time we saw a car?
马特，上次看到车是什么时候？
I don't know, about three hours ago.
不知道，大概三个小时前吧
They've driven through the vast Northwest Territory
他们驱车进入西北地区
on a mission to film the moment
去拍摄冰冻瀑布
when this frozen waterfall breaks apart.
融化崩解的那一刻
The break-up, when the frozen river above the waterfall thaws
当冰瀑上游的冰冻河流开始融化
and masses of water start to flow again,
大量水开始流淌下来时
can be a spectacular event.
那崩解的一刻会很壮观
But predicting exactly when it's going to break
不过要是马克和马特 想要拍到最佳镜头
is the big challenge, if Mark and Matt want to get the best shots.
预测它具体何时崩解 是个很大的挑战
And they're not the only ones who want to know.
也不光是他们想要知道答案
When the waterfall breaks, it can flood the town of Hay River,
当冰瀑崩解时 就在下游的干草河镇
just downstream, with millions of tonnes of water and ice.
可能会被带着数百万吨的 洪水和冰块泛过
Mark is taking advice from the scientist Fay Hicks,
马克咨询了科学家 菲伊·希克斯的意见
who has the job of predicting when the ice will break.
她的工作就是预测河冰何时崩解
What happens is, you get ice jams form upstream
所发生的事是冰在上游堵住河流
and they start to dam up the water and it builds
像坝一样抬高水位，不停地抬高
and builds and builds, and that can let go, and
然后突然间释放下来
that's a much bigger wave of water, you know,
波浪和水流都会比平常
than just the normal flow.
流动时要大得多
So, it just depends upon how dramatically it unfolds.
所以一切取决于它崩裂的程度
Fay takes her research helicopter to monitor the situation
（2009年4月22日）
菲伊上了研究用直升机到瀑布上游
upstream of the waterfall.
去监测情况
Just ten miles up river, the ice is starting to break.
在河流上游10英里处 冰块已经开始碎裂
The locals are concerned
当地人开始担心
because huge amounts of water can build up
因为堵在上游的冰块
if these ice chunks dam the river,
积聚了巨量的水
and that can lead to devastating flooding in the town,
一旦冰坝崩塌，能够给镇里带来
when the dams burst.
毁灭性的洪水
Sound of it's moving through there now.
听起来它们在那里流过
Yes, got a shot.
好的，试一下
Using cameras and sonar to assess the state of the river,
菲伊通过摄像机和声纳 来了解河的状态
Fay makes her best guess at when this break-up
做出了她对小镇上游
will hit the waterfall just above the town.
冰瀑崩塌时间的最佳预测
Now, guys, I think we have about 48 hours to go.
我估计我们还有48小时
Fay's prediction of the 24th April is exciting news for the team.
菲伊预计的四月21日 对摄制组是好消息
Upstream from here,
这里的上游
it's already starting to melt
已经开始融化
and Fay thinks that we may only have another one or two days
菲伊认为我们只要再等一到两天
before this whole thing goes.
整个冰瀑就会崩塌
Which is almost impossible to imagine looking at it now,
现在看来这几乎是不可想象的
but that's what she says.
不过她就是这么说的
With the break-up seemingly imminent,
随着冰瀑崩解似乎在逼近
the team set up their cameras in anticipation.
摄制组提前预设了摄像机位
Over the next 48 hours,
接下来的48小时里
the weather warms to well above freezing,
（2009年4月23日）
气温已经远高于冰点
but there's no sign of the break-up.
不过还是没有冰瀑崩塌的迹象
The team waits and waits and waits.
队员们等了又等
（2009年4月26日）
Mark is concerned that the crew have to return home soon,
（2009年4月28日）
马克担心队伍必须得很快回家
so he heads into town to get the advice
所以他前去镇上去咨询老住户
of long-term resident Red McBrian.
李德·麦克布莱恩的意见
We just have to live with it and take
我们也只能如此
whatever evasive action we can.
尽量采取回避措施
Red has had 50 years of witnessing the power of the river.
李德见证河流的威力已经有50年了
Well, we're hoping that she may break up in two or three days even.
我们希望它在两到三天就会崩塌
Oh, no, no, no, that's too soon. Oh, no, no.
哦，不会，不会，那太快了 不会那么快
Boys, you're looking at seven or eight days
小伙子们，要真到有大的流凌
before she breaks of any significance.
还得有七、八天呢
And if she breaks,
而且一旦裂开
she can jam and hold up.
还可能会被堵上
She can be...
可能得…
She'd be down here probably around the 5th or 6th May.
估计流淌下来得到五月5号或6号
The townspeople are on tenterhooks, waiting for the big day,
镇上居民如坐针毡 等着这一天的到来
but another week goes by before anything starts to happen.
不过又过了一周才有实质性进展
Finally, it seems that things might be happening.
终于看来要发生了
We've just heard some cracks from upstream,
我们刚刚听到上游断裂的声音
so, if we're lucky,
所以要是运气好
we might get some action.
我们可能能拍到些精彩的
Seven o'clock, which gives us two hours of light.
7点了，还剩下两个小时就天黑了
Two hours.
两个小时
If it happens at night, we're going to miss the whole thing.
要是赶在晚上发生 我们就会全部错过
（请小心洪水）
Sure enough, the town is put on red alert
（请威尔谷居民）
毫无疑问，镇上已经是红色警报
that the river is about to break in the middle of the night.
（准备好两小时后撤离）
说流凌有可能会在午夜开始
They've just called a full evacuation
他们已经把明眸旅店完全疏散了
of the Eye Inn, where we're staying,
我们就住在那儿
and if we don't move now, we're all going to be
我们要是现在不走，就有可能
underwater and possibly get trapped here for a few days.
都被水淹没，被困在这里几天
The team have to move out and get up to the waterfall,
摄制组不得不离开并前往瀑布
hoping that it doesn't break before it's light enough to film.
希望在天够亮之前不要崩塌
Luckily, the Sun is up before the main event begins.
还好在太阳升起之前 没什么大事发生
That is a serious amount of ice coming around the corner.
拐角过来了很多冰块
After weeks of waiting,
等待了一周之后
the sleeping giant of a river, we thought nothing was gonna happen
沉睡的河流巨人醒了 我们还以为不会有什么呢
and suddenly, look at this!
然而突然间，看看呀！
This is what we're here for. Unbelievable.
这就是我们来这里的原因 真难以置信
Absolutely unbelievable.
绝对难以置信
Holy ***!
我的老天哪！
The team is used to handling multiple cameras,
摄制组习惯了使用多个摄像机
but they don't usually have to dodge
不过他们一般不用
ten-tonne ice floes at the same time.
同时躲避十吨重的浮冰
As you can see, it's racing over at unbelievable speed.
你能看到，这以惊人的速度冲过
The power, I just, if you were here to feel this,
要是你在这里就能感受到这威力
it's a deep rumbling sound of the river,
从河里传来隆隆的声音
I can feel it up through my feet.
我能感到脚下的震动
The power, I just can't imagine.
我真不敢想象它的威力
That could crush a house in no time.
一瞬间就能撞毁房屋
The team takes to the air
摄制组来到空中
to witness the destruction that's unleashed.
来见识这带来的毁灭性力量
Huge ice blocks are pushed downstream on the wave of water
崩塌的冰瀑释放出急流携带着
released by the breaking waterfall.
巨大的冰块冲向下游
This could devastate the town.
这可能会重创小镇
But, this year, the townspeople's luck is in.
不过今年，镇上居民的运气不错
The town has escaped flooding.
小镇躲开了洪水
Crucially, the ice blocks did not dam the river, it's running free.
主要是因为冰块没有形成冰坝 而是在自由流淌
And the date of the break-up,
流凌的日期
the 6th May. Red's got it right again.
五月6日，李德再次说中
I don't use any of these here
我不用这些仪表
gauges and mechanical assistance,
和机器的帮助
I just go by what I see on the river as I walk it down.
我每天沿河走着观察它
And I say I walk it down,
就是在河边走
back and forth every day on the river
每天来回沿河走
what's happening, and from that, I gauge
看看都有什么事情，根据那些
when it's going to hit here
推测这里什么时候有事
and what the situation is going to be like when it does get here.
还有到时这里会具体是什么情形
You know, when it went this morning,
知道吗，今早流凌的时候
I said to my students, "Guess what the date is?"
我对学生们说：“猜今天几号？”
Red told us it was the 6th May and we were, you know,
李德告诉我们说是五月6号
I'm not surprised,
我一点都不惊讶
because we've been here a couple of times and that's happened.
我们已经遇到这种情况不止一次了
Ten days, two weeks out and he just looks around and goes
还有十天，两周前，他就那么看看
"5th May."
然后就说：“五月6号”
How does he know that? It's incredible.
他怎么做到的？真不可思议
It's because he just has lived on this river
这是因为他住在这河边
and lived this break-up for 50 years.
每年经历流凌50年了
Ice scientists are improving the accuracy
研究冰的科学家在不停地
of their predictions all the time,
提高他们预测的准确性
but in the meantime, the people of Hay River
不过同时，干草河的人们
have a remarkable guardian.
还有个了不起的守护神
Red, you were completely right this year.
李德，你今年又完全正确
Are you right every year?
你每年都对吗？
No, I'm...
不，我…
I miss the odd one.
有一次很怪，我弄错了
Yes, 1985, I missed it.
对，1985年那次我错了
For a free Open University illustrated poster of polar regions,
要想获得“开放大学”绘制的 极地地区的免费海报
call the number on the screen.
请拨打屏幕上的电话号码
Or order online by going to bbc.co.uk/frozenplanet
或者登陆bbc.co.uk/frozenplanet
and follow the links to Open University.
然后点击“开放大学”的链接