- (upbeat music)
- [Narrator] What is the world's
most powerful supercomputer?
The answer might surprise you,
as it is neither a colossal scientific research center
nor an organism
that has been named after a real or fictional character.
It's actually
one of the world's first commercial supermachines
developed by US companies, AI product companies
and Silicon Valley giant NVIDIA.
So, what makes this machine so special?
Keep watching to find out more
about the power of Fugaku in this video.
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There are many different types of supercomputers,
each with a unique set of features and capabilities.
Floating-point operations per second, FLOPS,
rather than million instructions per second, MIPS,
are used to quantify the performance of a supercomputer.
Many thousands of processors are used in a supercomputer,
which is capable of doing
a staggering number of calculations per second.
Some supercomputers can accomplish
up to a hundred quadrillion FLOPS of computation per second.
Real-time applications benefit greatly
from the high speed
at which data can be sent between processors
in a supercomputer.
Defending its title of fastest supercomputer in the world,
Fujitsu and Riken's Fugaku supercomputer
outperformed rivals from China and the US in testing.
Supercomputer Fugaku was finished on March 9th, 2021,
and was made available for usage.
To serve as the backbone
of Japan's High-Performance Computing Infrastructure,
a project of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science and Technology, RIKEN and Fujitsu
began work on the world's most powerful computer in 2014.
The Fugaku system remained
at the top of the newest Top 500 ranking
of the world's fastest supercomputers.
There are two exascale, 1,000 petaflops, systems in China
that are reported to have been deployed earlier in 2021.
Fugaku, on the other hand,
is the most powerful publicly available system
at 442 petaflops.
Summit, IBM's supercomputer,
came in second with just 148 petaflops.
Every two years, between June and November,
a group of worldwide specialists compiles the results
and publishes them.
Other fields in which Fugaku excelled,
were artificial intelligence
and huge data processing capabilities.
The next-generation supercomputer
is the successor of Japan's K supercomputer,
which was the world's most powerful machine in 2011.
The $1.22 billion systems, which cost 130 billion Yen,
went live in March.
For pharmaceutical research,
as well as massive data analysis,
its tremendous computational capacity
has made it an attractive candidate.
Automakers in Japan aim to employ Fugaku
to help them design more durable car constructions
by using AI to investigate crash effects.
Riken ensured that organizations
could simply generate software by creating Fugaku.
With Fugaku's powerful modeling capabilities,
Fujitsu Japan began researching COVID-19-fighting compounds
in June 2021.
Despite Fugaku's victory,
the race to produce supercomputers
has now split evenly between the United States and China.
As well as being used for economic reasons,
the two nations plan to conduct military research,
including the creation of nuclear weapons,
with the help of these facilities as well.
A new generation of exascale computers
is being developed by the United States,
which will be at least twice as fast as Fugaku.
Frontier at Oak Ridge National Laboratory
and Aurora at Argonne National Laboratory,
are said to be in a race to be up and running this year,
according to sources.
Fujitsu and Riken,
a government-sponsored research organization
in the western city of Kobe,
have worked together over the last six years
to develop Fugaku, a system that incorporates
150,000 high-performance processing units
and can analyze thousands of compounds each week.
Nuclear explosion simulation, virtual weapons testing
and climate system modeling
can all be done on supercomputers,
which are 1,000 times quicker than a standard computer.
An earthquake and tsunami in Japan will be simulated
and evacuation routes mapped out by Fugaku,
according to the Nikkei business daily.
Researchers hope that the $1.2 billion supercomputers,
which won't be completely operational until next year,
will assist uncover therapies for Covid-19
among the about 2,000 currently available medications,
including some that haven't yet reached
the clinical trial stages.
Simulated the spread of respiratory droplets
in partitioned office areas
and on crowded trains with the carriage windows open,
in both of these situations earlier.
For data-intensive
and computation-heavy tasks such as quantum mechanics,
weather forecasting, oil and gas exploration,
molecular modeling, physical simulations, aerodynamics,
nuclear fusion research,
or cryptanalysis, supercomputers are utilized.
The first operating systems for supercomputers
were designed to boost their speed.
Supercomputer architecture has been moving away
from proprietary, in-house operating systems to Linux
in the last several years.
While the majority of supercomputers use Linux,
each manufacturer tailors its own version
of the operating system for maximum performance.
SUSE Enterprise Linux Server
was utilized by half of the world's
most powerful supercomputers in 2017.
Multiple computers are used
to accomplish parallel processing in the biggest
and most powerful supercomputers.
Cloud computing is increasingly being used by academic
and scientific research organizations,
engineering businesses and huge corporations
that demand vast processing capacity.
More inexpensive, scalable and quicker to update
than on-premise supercomputers,
is High-Performance Computing through the cloud, HPC.
HPC designs built on the cloud may grow, adapt
and contract in response to changing business requirements.
HPC calculations and data-intensive tasks
may now be performed on current hardware
thanks to SUSE Linux Enterprise High-Performance Computing.
You've probably heard a lot
about the new area of supercomputing
but do you know what it is
and how it might affect your everyday life?
In an age when we have unprecedented quantities of data
at our fingertips,
supercomputers serve a critical role
in helping us make sense of it all.
Large-scale problems
that would be almost impossible otherwise,
have been modeled using these simulations in recent years.
Scientists' approaches to weather forecasting,
studying the expansion of the cosmos
and devising the best ways to use
and manage energy are all being transformed
by these new technologies.
A sudden cold front or heat wave
is something we've all had to deal with
at some point or another.
However, supercomputers have the ability to assist us
to improve our weather forecasts,
as well as to help us better use
our diversified energy resources.
Most of us,
particularly those of us who drive great distances to work,
would want to save money at the gas pump.
One way that supercomputers
may help lessen the burden on our wallets,
is by improving the efficiency
of conventional combustion engines.
Heart disease is one of the most common and deadly illnesses
in the United States.
An important factor
in speeding up research into how the heart reacts to therapy
is the Department of Energy, DOE, supercomputers
which have played a major role in this endeavor.
Every day, new discoveries
and inventions are created in the field of technology.
When we become more and more dependent on technology,
it's crucial to keep in mind
what we can do on our own as well.
Supercomputers' achievements may seem unbelievable
but we can all do our bit to make the world a better place.
If you enjoyed this video,
make sure to watch our next video
on The World's most satisfying inventions.
Thanks for watching, we'll see you next time.