得益于计算机数据的帮助 The computer data helps
Jo Anne和机器人专家Zvi Shiller Jo Anne and robotics expert Zvi Shiller
完善了他们关于古人如何移动雕像的理论 formulate their theory on how the ancients moved the statues.
通过复活节岛的数字地形图 By digitizing a topographical map of Easter Island,
Zvi模拟了地形的起伏 Zvi simulates the undulating terrain.
这种虚拟飞行给他们展现了 This virtual fly-through shows them
Moai在岛上移动路线的透视图 a view of the island from the perspective of a Moai in transit.
-过来 -升高 - Over - That's up,
下降 and down.
这里我们真正 This is where we actually,
这是一个新的突破 this is the new part.
根据这个数字模型 From this digital model,
将在岛上制造一个同样大小的复制品用于实验 a full scale replica will be made for experiments on the island.
Jo Anne建议把雕像平躺在 Jo Anne proposes laying the statue on
一个三角形的拖运器上 a triangular shaped sled
然后沿着原木轨道 and then pulling the Moai and sled
拉动Moai和拖运器 over logs that roll along wood tracks.
专家聚集在岛上 Our team of experts has gathered
全神贯注地讨论着这个实验 on the island to put their feelings to the test.
最好的安置方法是把它们立起来 The best way to fit them is standing them up -
他们首先尝试Jo Anne的原木滚法 They will first try Jo Anne's log roller method.
再回来 带一次 come back and get it at another time;
这是一个选择 that's an option.
很合情合理 It's a reasonable option.
Claudio将负责吊起Moai Claudio will be in charge of raising the Moai.
Polynesians研究这个文化数十年 All Polynesians and the people that studied this culture for years
才了解到这些现象 know that any of these events
都属于一个非常复杂的宗教过程 was part of a very complex religious process
花了很多年 --that took years.
Vince是这组成员中唯一 Vince is the only member of the group
研究过其他古文化的 who has explored how another ancient culture,
印加人 移动沉重的大石头 the Incas, moved heavy stone.
从工程学的角度来看 From an engineering standpoint,
三角形是最简单的 a triangle is the simplest -
工程师Zvi Shiller While engineer Zvi Shiller
已在他的电脑上模拟了 Moai的移动 has simulated moai transportation on his computer,
他过来看看他的方案有无实际可行性 he's here to see if his solutions will work in the real worid.
Rafael Rapu 一个Rapa Nui的雕像家 Rafael Rapu, a Rapa Nui sculptor,
将作为这项工程的负责人 will be the foreman for the project.
Jo Anne的建筑师丈夫 Jan Jo Anne's architect husband, Jan,
示范了Jo Anne的Moai移动计划 demonstrates Jo Anne's Moai moving method.
在这之前 轨道 Before we do that, the tracks -
一个三角A形的拖运器将被安置在 A triangular A-frame sled will be placed
在原木上 滚动着向前 on logs that will roll over rails.
然后你拉着这个向前 And then you just pull this forward.
当你滚过一个原木后 And when you run out of a roller,
我们在前面再放一个 we're going to put another one there.
再滚过一个 You run out of a roller -
他们自有办法 They have their method.
现在还需要一个Moai Now they need a Moai.
来自岛上的沙石混凝土 A concrete mixture of sand and stone from the island
正在倒入一个按Jo Anne的数据模型 is poured into a fiberglass mold
扩大的玻璃纤维模具中 scaled up from jo Anne's digital model.
这样在研究Moai时 It is as close as the team can get to using a Moai
可以避免对真正雕像破坏的 without risking damage to an actual statue.
三天后 Three days later
九吨半重的混凝土Moai the nine and a half ton concrete Moai
正准备从大坑中竖立起来 is ready to be lifted out of its curing pit.
看见它这样诞生简直妙不可言 It's a wonderful thing to see this thing being born like this.
即使起重机的帮助下 Even with the aid of a crane,
Moai仍是个不易操作的庞然大物 the Moai is an unwieldy object.
Chain为Moai锯开了玻璃纤维面具 Chain saw surgery frees the Moai from its fiberglass mask.
从电脑数据图像到混凝土复制品 From a digital computer image to a concrete facsimile,
这个Moai的诞生是Jo Anne这些年研究的一个巅峰 this Moai is the culmination of years of Jo Anne's research.
他们叫我Moai之母 People call me the mother of the Moai.
此时此刻我为它感到无比的自豪 And right now I feel very fond of that object.
我可以预见人们将如何投资像这样的 So I can see how people would invest family histories
家族历史和家庭传统 and family traditions in something like this.
这是轻而易举的 It's very easy to do.
复活岛上超过一半的Moai More than half of Easter Island's Moai
还在被称为Rano Raraku的采石场 are still at the quarry, known as Rano Raraku.
这座山是由硬化火山灰堆积而成 It is a mountain of hardened volcanic ash.
这里的Moai处于制造的各个阶段 Here, the Moai lie in various stages of production:
一些半雕刻的 一些背面朝下 some half carved, some on their backs,
就像从采石场的斜坡滑下去的 as if sliding down the quarry slope,
还有一些因碎裂或被侵蚀而埋入地下 and others buried from carving debris and erosion.
Rafael Rapu是Rapa Nui众多雕刻家之一 Rafael Rapu comes from a long line of Rapa Nui carvers.
他带当地的雕刻家Santi Hito He takes local sculptor Santi Hito
来到石矿场高边坡 to the high slopes of the quarry
去解释古代雕刻使用的技术 to explain the techniques used by the ancient carvers.
古人使用一个叫做Toki的石制工具 They sculpted Moai from the bedrock
从基石开始雕刻Moai using a stone tool called a "Toki."
岛内最大的叫El Gigante的Moai The largest Moai on the island, named "El Gigante,"
这个巨人至今尚未完工 The giant, was never finished.
通过其完成的部分 Its partially-carved figure
可以大致了解Moai的雕刻过程 provides a glimpse into how the Moai were carved.
为传承Rapa Nui雕刻大师的传统 Continuing the tradition of Rapa Nui master carvers,
Rafael为Santi口述着历史 Rafael passes on the oral history to Santi.
那还是他小的时候 His words came from the elder people
听老人们讲的 when he was a young boy.
老人们如何传授历史给他 So, it transcend from them to him,
正如你所看到的 as is right now you can witness
他是如何传授给我 how it transcend to me.
并希望终将能代代相传给我的子孙后代 And hopefully, eventually, to my kids and so forth.
Rafael解释到 Rafael explains that first,
首先得在Moai周围凿出一条渠道 channels were carved around the body of a Moai.
他认为20人用了超过5到6年的时间 He thinks that 20 people carved this Moai
才把Moai雕刻到这个阶段 over a period of time of five to six years to this stage.
这些区域是作为 This is - are sections of people
工作范围分配到个人的 who were given as your assignment,
这段是你的 this is your section.
你可以看出不同的工作方式 And you can see different ways of doing it.
你可以清楚地看到使用Toki的记号 You can clearly see the Toki marks
以及人们是如何雕刻的 and how the people were carving and going in
并是如何在岩石中凿得这么深的 and make this deep cut in the rock like this, that.
通过凿石块周围的渠道 The channels reached around
终将其凿成一个小船形状 and eventually formed a boat-like keel
直至可将雕像折断 充分提取出来 until the statue could be snapped off and fully extracted.
这个采石场成立于约公元900或1000年 This quarry was established around 900 or 1000 AD.
在长达至少500或更多年间 For a period of at least 500 years, maybe a little bit more,
我们所熟知的雕像都是这样造出来的 most of the statues that we know about were made.
这块巨大的雕像超过100吨重 This is a large statue of over 100 tons.
这块大规模的雕像处于被转移下山的过程中 This massive statue was in the process of being moved downhill.
它已脱离了母岩 It's already detached from the mother rock.
它是从采石场提取出来 And it's extracted from the quarry,
并终将竖立在 and it will end at the foot of the hill
山脚下准备好的洞里 into a prepared hole to put it in a vertical position.
这个庞然大物需要数百人 This monstrous monolith needed certainly hundreds of people
将它们运下山再转运到 to move them downhill to transport them to
遥远的岛屿沿海岸地区 distant sites all along the coast of the island.
在石矿场坡底 At the base of the quarry slope,
Moai立在事先准备好的洞里 the Moai were erected in prepared holes
这样雕刻才能继续完成 so the carving could be finished.
一旦运出采石场 Immediately coming out of the quarry,
它们就竖立到准备好的洞里了 they came down to a prepared hole.
你可以看到这里是龙骨的痕迹 And you can see here, the remains of the keel.
将雕像立在洞里的主要目的是为了完成这部分 The main purpose to put the statues in this hole was to finish this section.
他们做了一个非常复杂的木制框架 And they built a very sophisticated wooden frame
紧贴着站立的塑像 that was attached to the statue while standing.
然后他们可能使用土 Then probably using soil, dirt,
雕刻过程中的碎片 this debris from the carving process,
去建造土墩和坡道 将它移到下坡去 they built mounds and ramps to move it down slope.
所以事实上雕像将正面朝下 So, actually, the statue will go face down,
头部先安在装置的顶部 head first on top of the rig,
然后我们开始沿着岛屿沿海岸区的 and we start moving on these several roads
数条道路移动 along the coast of the island.
复制品Moai是用卡车和起重机运到转运点的 The replica Moai is brought in by truck and crane to the transport site.
这里正在举行一个叫做Umu Tahu的 A traditional Polynesian ceremony,
传统波利尼西亚仪式 called an "Umu Tahu," is held.
从祭司的祝福中得知其担心 The priest's blessing acknowledges
操纵一吨左右重的雕像是危险的 that working around a multi-ton statue can be dangerous.
所以这是为天主教会代表 So it's a benediction for on behalf of the Catholic church
和从事这个项目的公众 and this community for this project
以及他们在这里的所从事工作的一个祈福 and the work that they're doing here,
请主照顾到每一个人 to take care of everyone.
Jo Anne的A型拖运器已经准备好拖Moai了 Jo Anne's A-frame sled is ready for the Moai.
这个独特的三角形 Its unique triangular shape
是按雕像的精确大小制造的 is proportioned exactly for the statue.
该小组将通过Jo Anne的原木滚法 The team will try to pull the entire rig 100 yards
在平坦的地面上拉动整个装置100码 on flat terrain using Jo Anne's log roller system.
装置将滚过这些细原木轨道 The logs should roll over this track of thin wood rails.
我们将移动5米 然后停下 We're going to move it five meters and then stop.
接着再次集结 Then we're going to regroup,
小讨论一下 talk about it a little bit,
然后再将它移动到 and then we're going to move it
可能到轨道的尽头 probably we'll move it to the end of the rollers,
这是第一天的任务 and that's the first day.
Jo Anne正和Niko Haoa商量 Jo Anne confers with Niko Haoa,
谁来主管拉动Rapa Nui的队伍 who is in charge of the Rapa Nui pulling team.
他再三强调了指令才开始拉动 He rehearses his commands before they begin.
我们现在在一马平川上拉动 We're pulling on terrain that's flat as a pancake here.
这是最有利的地形 And that's the easiest situation.
从这里开始检验方案的可行性 That's where I'd start out to test the idea.
但是如果这个方案可行 But, if it's got to be valid,
这就意味着 it's got to be something
我们得拉动着它上山下山 that would work on going up hills and down hills
还包括斜坡之类的 and side hills and stuff like that.
方案在那些地形上会比较难实行 I think this system would be a little harder to do on that kind of terrain.
就让他们小马过河试试看吧 But let's give them a chance and see what happens here.
出乎意料的是 原木并没有滚动 Surprisingly, the logs don't roll.
原木从轨道上滑开了 They slide over the rails.
它们滑动了并没有滚动 Slide and doesn't roll.
它滚了一点 滚了一点 It rolled a little bit, it rolled a little bit.
我们应该是先滚的 然后也许会滑 We could roll first, and then slide maybe.
但它是先滑了 But, it slid first.