没有比这更好的体验之地了 There are few better places to experience
自然的壮丽胜过东非 nature's splendor than East Africa.
在这里 著名的生物养育了家庭 Here, wellknown creatures raise families
紧随其后的是其他知名度较低的人 next to others less celebrated.
争夺领土的竞争可能会很激烈 Competition can be fierce for territory,
食物和交配的权利 food, and rights to mate.
永无止境的旅程不堪重负 Neverending journeys are endured,
充满挑战的障碍 beset with challenging obstacles.
水世界拥有令人惊叹的美丽和高度的戏剧性 Water worlds boast stunning beauty and high drama.
这就是大自然的多样性 生机勃勃 无拘无束 Here is nature in all her diversity, vigorous and unbound.
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裂谷的动物种群是复杂的 Animal families of the rift valley are complex
而且经常被误解 and often misunderstood.
养育孩子被视为家庭的首要任务 Bringing up the young is seen as the family's first imperative.
但就像所有的家庭一样 也有争议 But like all families, there are disputes
既顽皮又严肃 both playful and deadly serious.
这些是家庭故事 These are the family stories
一些自然界最吸引人的动物 of some of nature's most intriguing animals.
在广袤的非洲大陆 在其东岸 In the vast continent of Africa, on its eastern shores,
位于坦桑尼亚的国家 lies the country of Tanzania,
在这个地方 大自然用她慷慨的要求做赌注 a place where nature stakes her generous claim.
它史诗般的荒野地区是它的家 Its epic wilderness areas are home
给一群令人惊叹的生物 to an astonishing cast of creatures
总部设在塞伦盖蒂生态系统 based in the Serengeti ecosystem.
在庞大的兽群中 In the great herds,
母亲和子女是主要的家庭纽带 mother and offspring is the principal family bond.
其他物种也有他们的本能 Other species have their instinct
基因驱动的行为是固有的 and genetically driven behavior hardwired.
但大多数家庭都是从男性遇到女性开始的 But most families begin when male meets female.
在求爱过程中 秘书鸟展示 During courtship, secretary birds display
他们的意图是通过相互追逐 their intentions by chasing each other
在地面上 它们的翅膀张开并保持不动 on the ground with their wings out and held back.
一旦结合在一起 这对夫妇仍然是一夫一妻制 Once bonded, the pair remain monogamous
即使在任何后代离开鸟巢之后 and even after any offspring have left the nest,
它们和配偶呆在一起 they stay close to their mate.
金丝雀也会终生配对 Golden jackals also pair up for life.
他们的求爱行为是一种退出的行为 Their courtship behavior is a drawnout affair,
这是一段夫妻永不分离的时期 a period when the couple are never apart.
为了加强他们的双人关系 他们互相猛烈抨击 To reinforce their pair bond, they bodyslam each other.
在猎豹的求爱中 没有真正的情侣 There are no real pairs in cheetah courtship.
热情的雄性通常是兄弟的联盟 Enthusiastic males usually a coalition of brothers
会在发情期骚扰雌性 will pester a female in estrus.
尽管数字很多 但她说了算 Despite the numbers, she's in charge,
无论多么紧张 however nervously.
随行人员坚持不懈 The entourage is persistent,
但时机并不完全正确 but the timing is not quite right.
她会让他们知道他们什么时候能走近 She'll let them know when they can get closer.
狮子会里的“男孩遇上女孩” "Boy meets girl" in lion society
对于这些游牧雄性来说就不那么顺利了 doesn't go as smoothly for these nomad males.
在前方 一只没有防御性雄狮的雄狮 Up ahead, a pride with no defensive male,
接手时机成熟的骄傲 a pride ripe for takeover.
新的雄性在接管后屠杀非常年轻的幼崽 The new males slaughter very young cubs after a takeover,
这或许可以解释女性的反应 which may explain the female response.
尽管她屈服了 但僵局很快就爆发了 Despite her submission, the standoff swiftly boils over.
入侵者的数量是入侵者的两倍 Outnumbering the invaders by two to one,
雌性形成了一支强大的战斗力量 the females make a formidable fighting force.
尽管咄咄逼人 Despite the aggression,
狮子不会因为捕杀而获得任何好处 the lions will gain nothing by fighting to kill.
这是他们建立秩序的方式 This is the way they establish order.
雄性知道在寡不敌众的情况下什么时候该退让 The males know when to back down when outnumbered.
他搭档的鬼脸表明他在测试 His partner's grimace indicates that he's testing
雌性是否处于发情期 whether the females are in heat.
这些骄傲幼崽已经一岁多了 The pride cubs are over a year old,
老得不能被入侵者屠杀了 old enough not to be slaughtered by the invaders.
为了几个伤疤的代价 For the price of a few scars,
雄性现在有了自己的骄傲 the males now have their own pride.
他们开始了新的家庭生活 They start their new family life
准备开始自己的新生活 with preparing to make new life of their own.
雌性猎豹的气味让雄性猎豹保持了兴趣 The female cheetah's scent is keeping the males interested.
他们不会羞于走近她 看看她是否愿意接受 They are not shy in approaching to see if she's receptive.
那就是 “不 ”然后 That'll be a, "No," then.
当需要雄性的时候 它们会回来的 When the males are required, they'll be back.
就像行军中的食草动物 Like the grazers on the march,
对于雄性汤姆森瞪羚来说 家庭并不是第一位的 family is not a priority for the male Thomson's gazelle.
它僵硬的腿部支撑和灵敏的鼻子表明 Its stiff legged strut and sensitive nose indicate
附近有适时的雌鸟 that there are females in season near by.
年纪较大的幼鹿很快就会让位给新生的幼鹿 Older fawns will soon be giving way to newborns.
但目前女性的兴趣微乎其微 But female interest is minimal right now.
在新形成的狮群中 In the newly formed lion pride,
雌狮表现出她们已经完全准备好了 lionesses display that they are more than ready.
雌性很少在接管后的第一个发情期怀孕 Females rarely conceive on their first estrus after a takeover.
他们需要保证新的狮子足够强壮 They need assurance that the new lions are strong enough
为了保护骄傲 它们会留在这里 to protect the pride and that they are here to stay.
它们连续四天频繁交配 They mate frequently for four days.
豹子和狮子一样 在同一时期交配 Leopards, like lions, mate over the same period
以相似的频率 at a similar frequency.
只是离地面稍高一点 Just a little higher off the ground.
最后 联盟中占主导地位的男性 At last, the dominant male of the coalition
发现雌性猎豹接受他的求爱 finds the cheetah female receptive to his advances.
猎豹的家庭生活 A cheetah's family life
全身心投入到产妇护理中 is exclusively devoted maternal care.
但要成为一名母亲 你需要一点帮助 But to become a mother, you need a little help.
如果成功 幼崽将在三个月后到达 If successful, cubs will arrive in three months' time.
与雄性猎豹不同 Unlike the cheetah male,
野狼是幼崽的真正父亲 the jackal is a true father to his cubs.
妊娠期约为两个月 Gestation lasts for about two months
在那之后 幼崽将被照顾 after which the cubs will be cared for
由双方忠诚的父母 by both committed parents.
一只黑斑羚小鹿 出生的那一刻 An impala fawn, moments from birth.
好奇的牛群在一旁看着 A curious herd look on.
母亲会找到一个隐蔽的地方 The mother will find a secluded spot.
这是七个月妊娠期的结果 This is the result of a sevenmonth gestation period.
在很短的时间内 小鹿将被呈现出来 In a short time, the fawn will be presented
群中的其他成员 to the rest of the herd.
与汤姆森和格兰特瞪羚不同 Unlike the Thomson or the Grant's gazelle,
黑斑羚是居住用的 impala are residential
更喜欢相对安全的金合欢林 and prefer the relative safety of the acacia forests
为迁徙的长征干杯 to the long march of the migration.
鹿群的好奇心和注意力有点 The herd's curiosity and attention is a little
对一个新生儿来说是压倒性的 overwhelming to a newborn.
年长的幼鹿向新生幼鹿展示它应该优先考虑的事情 Older fawns show the newborn what its priorities should be.
猎豹妈妈产下了她的幼崽 The cheetah mother has delivered her litter.
带着幼崽的雌性在它们的领地里寻找藏身之处 Females with cubs search out hiding places in their territory
以保护它们的幼崽不受捕食者的伤害 to keep their young safe from predators.
茂密的植被提供了避难所 Thick vegetation provides sanctuary,
猎豹幼崽伪装得很好 and cheetah cubs are wellcamouflaged.
即便如此 任性的年轻人也不会被允许走远 Even so, a wayward youngster isn't allowed to wander far.
一旦有任何危险或发现的迹象 At any sign of danger or discovery,
她将立即重新安置她的幼崽 she will immediately relocate her cubs.
在一片与世隔绝的相思灌木丛中 In a secluded acacia scrub,
母狮产下了新的雄狮后代 the lioness has given birth to the new males' offspring,
怀孕三个半月后 threeandahalf months after conception.
她在这个时候寻求隔离 以将风险降至最低 She seeks isolation at this time to minimize risk
给她的新生儿 to her newborns.
她的幼崽生来就完全无助 Her cubs are born totally helpless
他们的眼睛可能需要11天的时间才能睁开 and it can take 11 days for their eyes to open.
但为了获得食物 But to get sustenance,
首先 他们必须找到他们母亲的合适部位 first they have to find the right part of their mother.
鬣狗妈妈每隔几天就会转移她们的新生儿 Hyena mothers move their newborns every few days.
就像小猎豹一样 它们是狮子的猎物 Like cheetah cubs, they're prey for lions
可以闻出她的洞穴 that can sniff out her den.
鬣狗家族或氏族保持着严格的等级制度 Hyena families or clans maintain a strict hierarchy
由女族长统治 ruled over by matriarchs.
为了生存 In order to survive,
幼崽经常不得不与兄弟姐妹搏斗至死 pups often have to fight their siblings to the death.
猎豹会留意其他捕食者 The cheetah is mindful of other predators
对她的幼崽构成了直接威胁 that are direct threats to her cubs.
搬家是有风险的 Moving dens is risky.
母狮对自己的幼崽非常宽容 Lionesses are very tolerant with their own cubs,
但野蛮地不能容忍任何其他捕食者的后代 but savagely intolerant of any other predator's offspring.
当周围有捕食者的时候 搬迁从来都不安全 Relocating is never safe when there are predators around.
一次只能移动一只猎豹幼崽 Only one cheetah cub can be moved at a time,
这让那些等待的人变得太脆弱了 and this leaves those waiting all too vulnerable.
这只母狼决定把她一周大的幼崽 The female jackal has decided to move her weekold pups
被她筑巢的邻居观察到 observed by her groundnesting neighbor.
在这个年龄 他们仍然是盲人 At this age they are still blind
完全依赖他们的母亲 and totally dependant on their mother.
胡狼意识到了另一只鸟 The jackals become aware of another bird
但这一次 这是一个不受欢迎的选择 but this time it's an unwelcome one.
冠鹰能抓到幼崽 The crowned eagle is capable of snatching a cub
是不会被容忍的 and will not be tolerated.
令人惊讶的是 这五只猎豹幼崽都很罕见 As rare as it is surprising, all five of this cheetah's cubs
都挺过了头几个月 have survived their first months.
狮子的捕食和难以藏身的栖息地 Lion predation and a habitat difficult to hide in
是幼崽死亡率如此之高的主要因素 are the principal factors for such a high cub mortality rate.
作为五人小组的一员 Being in a group of five,
总有人可以陪你玩耍 there's always someone to play with.
像所有的小猫一样 Like all young cats,
猎豹幼崽需要锻炼肌肉 cheetah cubs need to tone muscles,
敏锐的反应 练习狩猎技巧 sharpen reactions, and practice hunting techniques.
一周后 母狮离开了她幼崽的出生地 After a week, the lioness abandons her cubs' birthplace
并把她的幼崽转移到一个更安全的地方 and moves her brood to a more secure location.
幼崽在一个地方呆的时间越长 The longer the cubs stay in one place,
它们的气味越多 就越能吸引捕食者 the more their scent builds up which could attract predators.
新的长颈鹿妈妈保护她们的幼崽 New giraffe mothers protect their young
只需充当他们的保安 by simply acting as their security guard.
一只成年长颈鹿的踢可以杀死一头狮子 An adult giraffe's kick can kill a lion.
在裂谷这里 狮子经常捕猎长颈鹿 Here in the rift valley, lions regularly hunt giraffe.
那么 当成年长颈鹿不得不继续前进时 雌性长颈鹿该如何应对呢？ So how do female giraffes cope when adults have to move on
去找食物吗？ to find food?
像狮子一样 长颈鹿妈妈得不到真正的支持 Like lions, giraffe mothers get no real support
从该物种中的雄性 from the male of the species.
当谈到其他母亲时 When it comes to the other mothers,
长颈鹿有一种非常独特的方式 giraffes have a very distinctive way
与受抚养的杨格打交道 of dealing with dependant young.
当成虫进食时 While the adults feed,
小长颈鹿被圈养在已知的环境中 giraffe young are corralled into what's known
就像一个有单亲保姆的“冰激凌池” as a "calving pool" with a single mother babysitter.
如果察觉到威胁 If a threat is perceived
母牛会提醒自己的幼崽 a mother will alert her own calf,
这反过来又让每个人都知道出了什么事 which in turn lets everyone know something's up.
就目前而言 这种威胁已经平息 For now, that threat is at rest.
喂饱了 放松了 成年狮子似乎很享受 Well fed and relaxed, adult lionesses seem to enjoy
和它们的后代一起玩耍 joining in play with their offspring.
家庭互动是一个重要的组成部分 Family interaction is an important part
幼崽的教育 of a cub's education.
家庭从一男一女开始 Families start with a male and a female
或者是几只雄性和一只不情愿的雌性 or several males and a reluctant female.
迹象被给予并被付诸行动 Signs are given and acted upon...
...最终新的生命出现 ...and eventually new life appears.
下一代受到关爱 The next generation is cared for,
被鼓励茁壮成长 并得到很好的保护 encouraged to thrive, and well protected.
雄狮在休息期 Male lions spend their rest periods
每天放松长达21个小时 relaxing up to 21 hours a day.
雄狮成熟的年轻雄狮 The pride's maturing young males
单身汉们都很低调 the bachelorstobe are keeping a low profile.
成年雄性不会容忍 The adult males will not tolerate
他们的存在时间要长得多 their presence much longer.
另一个即将被后代征服的父母 Another parent soon to be overrun by offspring.
这六只幼崽长得很快 现在大约一个月大 The six cubs are growing fast and at about a month old now,
它们经常会浮出地面哺乳 they regularly come above ground to suckle.
袋狼幼崽对它们巨大的 Jackal cubs are curious about everything in their big,
新世界 new world.
没有比这位路人更大的动物了 And animals don't get much bigger than this passerby.
构成长颈鹿的部分 The parts that make up a giraffe
似乎对好奇的幼崽很着迷 seem to hold a fascination for inquisitive cubs.
但当它移动时 即使是成虫也会潜水寻找掩护 But when it moves, even the adults dive for cover.
潜在的猎物正在进入胡狼的领地 Potential prey is moving in to the jackals' territory.
成群的汤普森瞪羚正在赶到 Herds of Thompson Gazelles are arriving
正好赶上雌性企鹅的产卵 just in time for the females to give birth.
与狼不同 雄性汤米不扮演家庭角色 Unlike the Jackals, Tommie males play no family role
在养育后代方面 in raising the young.
它们的首要任务是围捕雌性 Their priority is to round up females,
即使他们刚生下孩子 even if they've just given birth.
被身处其中的雄鸟迷惑 Confused by the male in its midst,
由于它的母亲试图躲避所有的注意 and with its mother trying to escape all the attention,
新生儿静下心来躲在草丛里 the newborn settles down to hide in the grass
最实用的防御形式 the most practical form of defense
在它的腿上还不确定的时候 while it's still unsure on its legs.
这只狼的父亲挖出了先前猎物的宝藏 The jackal father unearths the cache of a previous kill.
他进食 但这不是为了他的利益 He feeds but it's not for his benefit.
狼将食物装在胃里带回幼崽 Jackals carry food back to their pups in their stomachs,
食腐动物够不着的地方 out of reach of scavengers.
它们对幼崽的恳求做出回应 They respond to their young's pleading
通过回流半消化的肉 by regurgitating the semidigested meat.
据信 这就是为什么狗 It's believed that this is the reason dogs
热情地舔它们主人的嘴巴 enthusiastically lick their owner's mouths.
作为一个家庭团队工作 Working as a family team,
家长狼队更有能力防守 the parent Jackals are better able to defend
并供养它们的后代 and provide for their young.
这五只小猎豹身体健康 The five cheetah youngsters are bounding with health.
很快就是他们离开母亲的时候了 It will soon be time for them to leave their mother.
猎豹幼崽通常会发现自己孤立无援 Cheetah cubs usually find themselves on their own
年龄在16到18个月之间 between 16 and 18 months old.
这通常与它们的母亲生下一窝新宝宝的时间不谋而合 This often coincides with their mother having a new litter.
幼崽和母亲在一起的时间越长 The longer the cubs stay with their mother,
她帮助提供食物的时间就越长 the longer she will help provide food
因此 青少年的机会就越大 and so the greater the adolescents' chances.
幼崽的雄性正在发现它们的性取向 The litter males are discovering their sexuality.
然而 它们不太可能成功繁殖 However, they are unlikely to breed successfully
直到两岁 until the age of two.
和她的后代一样用心照顾她的是狒狒 Just as attentive to her offspring is the baboon.
这些猴子生活在不稳定的社会群体中 These monkeys live in volatile social groups
雌性会把幼崽抱得很近 and females keep tiny babies close.
当食物匮乏时 When food is scarce,
狒狒队伍以倒下的香肠树花为食 the baboon troop feed on fallen sausage tree flowers.
它们灵巧的手指 With their dexterous fingers,
猴子还能捡到种子和昆虫 the monkeys can also pick up seeds and insects.
年轻的母亲经常和婴儿一起练习 Young motherstobe often practice with infants
只要他们的母亲允许他们这样做 as long as their mothers grant them permission.
狒狒活动在很远的地方 Baboons range over great distances
而一只有喙的狐狸正在寻找一个可以称之为家的地方 while a bateared fox looks for a place to call home.
但是扎根在别人的领地里 But putting down roots in another's territory
很少是个好主意 is seldom a good idea.
胡狼一家的安全 The safety of the jackal family
从建造嗅觉栅栏开始 starts with building olfactory fences.
白嘴狐狸的数量暂时处于劣势 The bateared fox is temporarily outnumbered.
而胡狼抓住机会夺回了他们的巢穴 And the jackals seize the chance to reclaim their den.
当狐狸的配偶到达时 赔率就变得均等了 When the fox's mate arrives, the odds are evened,
然后就陷入了僵局 and a stalemate is reached.
在一只年轻的角马面临的所有危险中 Of all the dangers that face a young wildebeest,
他们是安全的 不受同类的伤害 they're safe from their own kind.
但在裂谷 But in the rift valley,
家庭的阴暗面有很多例子 there are many examples of the darker side of family.
两个年轻的单身汉男性花时间巩固 Two young bachelor males take time to cement
他们牢固的纽带 their strong bond.
头部按摩与气味分享有关 Head rubbing relates to scent sharing,
将两者结合在一起的一个方面 an aspect that unites the two.
但真正让他们团结在一起的是这两个 But what really unites them is that two
两倍于一个人的威胁性 is twice as intimidating as one.
他们需要彼此 They need each other.
他们还需要自己的自豪感 They also need their own pride.
这只母狮是当地居民骄傲的一部分 This lioness is part of a resident pride
带着两只幼崽 with two young cubs.
狮群中唯一的雄狮还不够强大 The pride's lone male is not powerful enough
以保护他的大家庭 to protect his extended family.
有新幼崽的母狮最令人恐惧 A lioness with new cubs has most to fear
而且最大的损失是被收购 and most to lose from a takeover.
一个单身汉突然朝露出地面的岩石走去 One bachelor breaks off towards the rocky outcrop
被称为kopje known as a kopje.
母狮必须把她的幼崽藏起来 The lioness must hide her cubs.
二比一 Two against one.
执政的国王知道自己被打败了 The ruling king knows he's beaten.
没有自豪感 他的未来是黯淡的 Without a pride, his future is bleak.
大部分居民的骄傲也让他们逃之夭夭 The bulk of the resident pride also makes a getaway.
现在在科普里 On the kopje now,
第二个单身汉走近幼崽 the second bachelor moves closer to the cubs...
...幼儿园里的杀手 ...a killer in the kindergarten.
随着她的母性本能被点燃 With her maternal instinct fired up,
母狮做她被迫做的事 the lioness does what she's compelled to do,
不惜一切代价保护她的幼崽 defend her young at any cost.
但尽管她付出了所有努力 But for all her efforts,
这场战斗只不过是转移视线.. this fight is merely a diversion...
雄狮没有领养策略 Male lions have no adoption strategy,
并确保他们自己血统的未来 and to ensure the future of their own bloodline
他们会毫不留情地杀人 they will kill without pity.
第一个单身汉把母亲带到更远的地方 The first bachelor leads the mother farther away.
她的幼崽不见了 Her cubs are gone.
她已经无能为力了 There is no more she can do.
对于入侵的雄性来说 这些事件必须发生 These events have to occur for the invading males
为了保证自己的未来 to guarantee their own future,
带着这种新的自豪感的未来 a future bound with this new pride
入侵者短暂地破坏了它的稳定性 whose stability the intruders have fleetingly damaged.
与狮子收购的暴力完全不同 Far from the violence of lion takeovers,
家庭的概念通常会使人产生联系 the idea of family usually confers bonds
在个人之间 利他主义的纽带 between individuals, bonds that are altruistic.
在任何其他情况下 In any other circumstance,
受伤的猎豹是一只正在行走的死猎豹 an injured cheetah is a dead cheetah walking.
但兄弟联盟不会放弃 But a coalition of brothers doesn't give up
在它受损的兄弟姐妹身上 on its damaged sibling.
受伤的兄弟被鼓励进食 The injured brother is encouraged to feed.
这种无私的行为不会在每个家庭都能找到 This unselfish behavior won't be found in every family.
在狮群里 每一只猫都是自私自利的 In lion society, it's every cat for itself.
任何返回的未成年会员将不受欢迎 Any returning subadult expride member will not be welcome.
家庭纽带可以延长前世生活本身 Family bonds can extend past life itself.
一只孤儿河马和它的母亲在一起 An orphaned hippo stays close to its mother,
现在 一块腐烂的磁铁吸引着鳄鱼 now a rotting magnet for crocodiles.
他们慢慢地开始他们的免费用餐 They start their free meal slowly
以及更容易进入的地方 and where access is easier.
河马对它们的死人表现出一种奇怪的行为 Hippos display a curious behavior towards their dead,
一种对科学来说非常未知的生物 one very much unknown to science.
这种亲密的关注表明他们摄入了矿物质 This intimate attention suggests an intake of minerals.
失去亲人的幼崽将和它死去的母亲呆在一起 The bereaved calf will stay close to its dead mother
直到被前进的鳄鱼逼走 until forced to leave by advancing crocs.
爬行动物的数量正在膨胀 And reptile numbers are swelling.
但小牛犊仍然坚守阵地 But still the calf stands its ground
即使在被爬行动物的鼻子调查之后 even after being investigated by a reptilian nose.
一旦病态派对如火如荼地进行 就该离开了 Once the morbid party's in full swing, it's time to leave.
身体将被完全吞噬 The carcass will be completely devoured.
在大平原上 On the great plains,
其他年轻的孩子离死亡还很远 other young ones are far from the midst of death.
玩耍是家庭生活中一个重要而有趣的方面 Play is an important and enjoyable aspect of family life,
即使对成年人来说也是如此 even for the adults.
作为游戏的一部分 年轻人的世界向他们敞开了大门 As part of play, a youngster's world opens up to them.
一只屎甲虫太诱人了 A dung beetle is too much of a temptation.
玩耍对幼小的哺乳动物来说很重要 Play is important for young mammals.
它能强化四肢 磨练协调性 It strengthens limbs and hones coordination...
...对未来猎人的成功至关重要的属性 ...attributes vital to the success of a future hunter.
对于年龄较大的幼崽 玩耍时间现在明显更加喧闹 With older cubs, playtime is now significantly more boisterous.
兄弟姐妹之间爆发了模拟打斗 Mock fights break out between siblings.
为了展示他们新发现的勇气 And to show their newfound courage,
年纪较大的猎豹幼崽会攻击入侵者 older cheetah cubs take on an intruder.
所有的猫都很好奇 All cats are curious.
这种不寻常的情况对猎豹来说是没有先例的 This unusual situation has no precedent for the cheetahs.
狐狸急于向前看 The fox is anxious to move on
如果它能在有斑点的墙上找到一个缺口 if it can find a gap in the spotted wall.
年轻的猎豹很快就知道狐狸会咬人 The young cheetahs soon learn that foxes can bite
最好让它们单独呆着 and are best left alone.
团结的家庭更加紧密地联系在一起 United families are bonded more tightly
在他们生命中的重要时刻 at significant moments in their lives.
单身汉河马输掉的远不止他的战斗 A bachelor hippo has lost a lot more than his fight
才能接触到雌性 for access to females.
他的死激发了罕见的行为 His demise inspires rarely seen behavior.
为什么河马像大象一样 Why hippos, like elephants,
对自己同类死亡的反应尚不清楚 respond to the death of their own kind is not known.
从他的豆荚里来的人 Individuals from his pod arrive
极有可能是亲戚 very likely relatives
并开始检查和舔身体 and start examining and licking the body.
其他似乎感兴趣的人被赶走了 Others who seem interested are chased away.
也许这是一个家庭独有的仪式 Perhaps this is a familyonly ritual.
母牛与它们的幼崽形成了紧密的纽带 Cows form close bonds with their young.
女性群体中的祖母 女儿 Female groups of grandmothers, daughters,
和其他近亲在一起是已知的 and other close relatives are known to stay together.
有很多东西需要学习 There is much to learn
关于河马的社交生活 about the social lives of hippopotamuses.
他们对死亡的反应仍然是一个谜 Their reaction to their dead is still very much a mystery.
深厚的家庭纽带可能意味着不同 Deep family bonds can mean the difference
在猛烈的弹射之间 between violent ejection
以及在金狼社会的认可度 and acceptance in golden jackal society.
成虫在它们的领地里巡逻 The adults patrol their territory
并用气味标记边界 and scentmark the boundary.
外来者是不被容忍的 Outsiders are not tolerated.
这只狼是不受欢迎的 This jackal is not welcome.
她避免受到攻击的唯一希望 Her only hope of avoiding attack
就是展示完全的顺从 is to show complete submission
成为真正的失败者 to become the literal underdog.
她在乞求自己的性命 She's begging for her life
很可能会冒着一切风险对抗占主导地位的那对夫妇 probably risking everything by confronting the dominant couple.
她显然急切地想要被接受 She's plainly desperate for acceptance.
看起来她的气味很熟悉 It appears her scent is familiar.
或许她是血亲 Perhaps she's blood kin,
前一年的后代 an offspring from a previous year.
她的战术奏效了 她赢得了自己的位置 Her tactics work, and she has earned her place.
然后 她勇敢的理由浮出水面 And then the reason why she braved all emerges.
她是一位新妈妈 要照顾两只新的幼崽 She's a new mother with two new cubs to look after.
占主导地位的男性和女性现在都是祖父母了 The dominant male and female are now grandparents.
鉴于金狼之间非同寻常的纽带 Given the extraordinary bond between golden jackals,
她有很好的同伴 she's in good company.
裂谷荒野中的家庭生活 Family life in the wilds of the rift valley
可能是狂暴和可怕的 can be tempestuous and frightening.
家庭纽带常常帮助那些需要帮助的人 Often family bonds serve to help those in need
并在路由入侵者时定义组操作 and define group actions when routing intruders.
这些纽带迫使一些人哀悼 These bonds compel some to mourn
而其他人则以父母为榜样 and others to follow their parental example.
最重要的是 家庭要献给下一代 Above all, family is devoted to the next generation
大自然的奇观 of the wonders of nature.
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