2020年 male narrator: 2020.
從20世紀80年代開始 Since the 1980s,
對於科幻小說家來說 這是神奇的一年 it's been a magical year for science fiction writers,
預測未來的一年 a year of predictions about the future
以及殘酷的科技力量 and the ruthless power of technology.
人類將被萬維網連接在一起 Humanity would be bound together by a world wide web,
人工智慧會以指數級增長 artificial intelligence would exponentially expand
人類思想的力量 the powers of the human mind,
世界將被統治和控制 and the world would be dominated and controlled
以資訊為基礎的大型企業 by information-based megacorporations
不需要政府干預 without need for government intervention.
但所有這一切最終都變成了技術官僚的錯覺 But all of that turned out to be a technocratic illusion
當大自然釋放出一種可怕的疾病 when nature set loose a terrible disease
占了便宜 that took advantage
我們製造出來的聯繫 of the very connectivity we had manufactured.
在西雅圖 算總帳的日子是1月20日 In Seattle, the day of reckoning was January 20th,
當美國第一位患者的2019冠狀病毒疾病檢測呈陽性時 when America's first patient tested positive for COVID-19.
同一天在首爾 On that same day in Seoul,
韓國的第一個病例也將得到確認 the first case in South Korea would also be confirmed.
韓國迅速採取行動控制這種疾病 Korea moved quickly to contain the disease
通過變革來拯救經濟 and save its economy using a variation
美國的計畫 on an American plan.
但是在美國 But in the United States,
政治阻礙了科學的發展 politics got in the way of science,
讓病毒在無形中快速傳播 Allowing the virus to spread invisibly and fast.
超過20萬人死亡 More than 200,000 people have died.
在流感大流行的前三個月 In the first three months of the pandemic,
三千萬人失去了工作 30 million people lost their jobs.
不再有暴政 不再有暴政 all: No more tyranny. No more tyranny.
現在民主黨人正在把冠狀病毒政治化 - Now the Democrats are politicizing the coronavirus.
你知道的 對吧 You know that, right? [crowd boos]
這是他們的新騙局 This is their new hoax.
誰害怕冠狀病毒 - Who's scared of coronavirus?
- 放開我的手推車 -你在錄音嗎夥計 - Let go of my fucking cart! - Are you recording me, dawg?
- 我有權不受強迫地購買食物 - I have the right to buy food without being forced
參加一場錯誤標籤的流行病 to participate in a false flag pandemic.
在危機時刻 narrator: At a moment of crisis,
世界上最強大的國家 the world's most powerful nation
沒能應付自如 didn't rise to the occasion.
它陷入了分裂和混亂 It descended into division and chaos.
- 退後 - Back up!
你他媽的有什麼毛病 - What the fuck is your problem?
為什麼美國 narrator: Why did the United States
未能預料到危險 fail to reckon with a danger
本來應該做好充分準備的 for which it should have been so well prepared?
- 只有一個人從中國來 - It's one person coming in from China.
會過去的 保持冷靜 會過去的 It will go away. Just stay calm, it'll go away.
再過幾天就會降到接近零了 In a couple of days it's gonna be down to close to zero.
一切都在我們的掌控之中 We have it totally under control.
不會有事的 It's gonna be just fine.
- 吸氣 屏住呼吸 - Breathe in and hold your breath.
拍攝期間 考維德 narrator: Filming during the time of COVID
提出了獨特的挑戰 presented unique challenges.
- 好的 我拿著它.. - Okay, and I hold it...
- 好像有兩個把手 -沒錯 - There's, like, two handles. - Yup.
哇 你們真的弄明白了 好吧 Wow, you guys have really figured this out, okay.
我們發明了一個攝像系統 narrator: One work-around was a camera system we invented,
建在外面 然後發給目標 built off-site, and sent to subjects.
我們稱之為“ COVID-cam” We dubbed it "the COVID-cam."
- 所以我能... -我能聽到你說話嗎 - So I was able-- can I hear you?
- 你好 耶 -嗨 它工作了 - Hello, yeah! - Hi, it's working!
- 我是斯科特 · 貝克 - I'm Scott Becker.
我是公共衛生實驗室協會 I'm the chief executive officer
的首席執行官 of the Association of Public Health Laboratories.
這個怎麼樣 這個真的很不錯 How about this? Now, this is really something.
這是一個真正的棋盤遊戲 It's an actual board game.
我妻子說 My wife said,
“你知道 我們真的應該把它拿出來放 ” "You know, we should really get it out and play it."
我想 “我們正在經歷這一切！ I'm like, "We're living through it!
我不需要這個遊戲! ” I don't need the game!" [chuckles]
公共衛生實驗室的功能之一 One of the functions public health labs have
正在尋找疾病爆發的早期跡象 is looking for those early indications of an outbreak.
- 你第一次聽說冠狀病毒是什麼時候 - And when did you first hear about the coronavirus?
- 我記得是1月7日 - It was January 7th, I believe,
我首先與我們的一些員工進行了溝通 that I first communicated with some of our staff.
他們給我發了一封電子郵件 說: “我們正在看這個 They had sent me an email saying, "We're watching this.
我們剛和疾控中心談過 "We just talked to CDC and they're gonna
他們會在緊急行動中心開展工作 be standing up their emergency operations center."
我說: “謝謝你的更新 And I said, "Well, thanks for the update.
“我一直在看這個節目 我很擔心 "I've been watching this. I'm concerned about it.
新年快樂 ” And happy new year."
[艾瑪 · 湯瑪斯的《時間站在我這邊》] [Irma Thomas' "Time is on My Side"]
在2020年初 narrator: In early 2020,
特朗普對即將到來的流行病漠不關心 Trump was indifferent to the looming pandemic.
他正在考慮即將爆發的衝突 He was reckoning with simmering conflicts
以及即將到來的總統選舉 and the upcoming presidential election.
- 時間到 - ♪ Time
- 我們今晚開始的時候 美國和伊朗已經瀕臨崩潰 - We begin tonight with the U.S. and Iran on the brink
殺死 Qasem Soulemani 的無人機襲擊負責 for the drone strike that killed Qasem Soulemani.
- 我們的經濟在蓬勃發展工資在上漲 - Our economy is booming, wages are rising,
貧困率直線下降犯罪率下降 poverty is plummeting, crime is falling,
美國是全世界羡慕的對象 and America is the envy of the entire world.
- 你想要自由 - ♪ That you wanna be free
我不會再哭泣了 ♪ I won't have to cry no more ♪
- 整個彈劾事件都是個騙局 - The whole impeachment thing is a hoax.
這完全是個騙局 It's a total sham.
- 對 對 時間 時間 - ♪ Yeah, yeah, time, time
- 今天上午 特朗普總統簽署了第一階段 - This morning, President Trump signed phase one
美國和中國之間的貿易協定 of a trade deal between the U.S. and China.
這項協定是在數月不斷升級的關稅之後達成的 The pact comes after months of escalating tariffs
世界上最大的兩個經濟體之間 between the world's two biggest economies.
-我們剛剛突破了道鐘斯指數的29000點大關 -And we just broke the 29,000 mark on the DOW
就在我們走進去的時候 just now as we're walking in.
今天市場大幅上漲 Market's up substantially today.
- 直到冠狀病毒 唐納德 · 特朗普 - Up until coronavirus, the way that Donald Trump
會贏得連任 was gonna win reelection to a second term
在很大程度上將取決於經濟的力量 was largely going to be on the strength of the economy.
我報導了奧巴馬的兩屆任期 I covered all of Barack Obama's two terms,
茲卡病毒爆發的時候我在場 so I was there during the Zika outbreak,
埃博拉病毒的反應 the Ebola response.
作為一名白宮記者我們基本上什麼都報導 As a White House reporter, we sort of cover everything,
所以 你知道 我已經跳過了每一個話題 so, you know, I've bounced around every topic
你可以想像在特朗普任期內 that you can possibly imagine in the Trump term
剛剛完成對總統彈劾案的報導 and had just finished covering the president's impeachment
還有參議院的審判 in the House, and the trial in the Senate,
並且認為 and was thinking that
我們可能會有點喘息的機會 we might actually get a little bit of a break
在白宮的節奏上 就像現在這樣 on the White House beat, such as it is.
幾個星期後 COVID 發生了 And then a few weeks later, COVID happened.
最初的跡象之一 One of the first indications
美國政府擁有這種能力 that the United States government had that
這是一個潛在的問題 是一次談話 this was a potential problem was a conversation
疾病控制中心主任一個叫 Robert Redfield 的人 that the CDC director, a guy named Robert Redfield,
和他的對手 一位紳士 had with his counterpart, a gentleman
他的名字叫高醫生 by the name of Dr. Gao, who was essentially the head
中國疾病預防控制中心主任 發生在1月3日 of the Chinese CDC, and that occurred on January 3rd.
- 中國衞生當局仍在繼續工作 - Chinese health authorities are still working
來鑒別肺炎爆發背後的病毒 to identify the virus behind a pneumonia outbreak
在中部城市武漢 in the central city of Wuhan.
- 高基本上是說: “你看 這真的很嚴重 - Gao basically said, "Look, this is really serious.
“你需要意識到這一點 "You need to be aware of this.
我們以前從未見過這種情況 ” It's not something we've ever seen before."
- 我聽說了一種新的呼吸道病毒 - I heard about a novel respiratory virus
在中國流傳 我豎起了耳朵 circulating in China, and my ears perked up.
你在這兒啊 There you are!
我在 BARDA 工作了大約十年 I've been at BARDA for about ten years
在衛生與公眾服務部工作 in the Department of Health and Human Services.
BARDA 的角色是領導發展 BARDA's role is to lead the development
政府和工業之間的關係 between government and industry
疫苗 藥物和診斷測試 of vaccines, drugs, and diagnostic tests.
所以我很感興趣我的整個職業生涯 So I'm very interested, and have been my entire career,
追蹤新病毒的早期痕跡 of tracking early blips of novel viruses
感染人類的病毒 that are infecting people.
對我們來說 新病毒的出現並不罕見 It's not unusual for us to hear of a new virus emerging
在中國這些潮濕的市場 in these wet markets of China.
它們可以蔓延到人類中, They can spill over into the human population,
尤其是那些在菜市場工作的人 especially the people working in those wet markets.
但後來我們開始看到中國採取行動 But then we started seeing China take actions
比如快速 緊急地建立醫院 like build hospitals rapidly, urgently.
那時我能得到的只是一些軼事趣聞 All I could get at that point was anecdotal stories
例如 在 Twitter 上 on Twitter, for example.
但是任何一個在準備過程中 But anyone who'd worked in preparing
知道我們面對的是 for pandemic outbreaks knew that we were dealing with
一些非常不尋常 非常令人擔憂 非常致命的東西 something very unusual, very concerning, and very deadly.
- 你會做到的 別著急 - You'll get to it. Don't rush.
好了 現在你累壞了 Here we go. Now you got so exhausted.
關於鳥類的故事很有趣 So interesting about birds--
我們發生了地震 他們提醒了我們 we had an earthquake, and they were able to alert us
地震前15分鐘 15 minutes before the earthquake.
因為它們與地球的羅盤相連 Because they are connected to the earth's compass,
所以他們能感覺到地球在震動 so they felt the earth vibrating before it happens.
- 但你也是事情發生前的預測者 - But you are also a predictor of things before they happen.
是的我癡迷於預測事情 -Yes, I am obsessed with predicting things,
但那只是我數學訓練的一部分 but that's just part of my mathematical training.
李博士的訓練讓她 narrator: Dr. Lee's training allows her
像煤礦裡的金絲雀一樣 to act like a canary in a coal mine.
她的數學建模方式舉世聞名 She's world-famous for the way her mathematical modeling
可以預測疾病的可能傳播 can predict the likely spread of disease
評估疫情爆發的風險 and assess the risk of a pandemic.
- 我做了很多模型 - I have built so many models
來描述許多不同類型的疾病 to describe many different type of diseases.
當你看到第一個案子 When you see the first case,
這並不意味著你只有第一個案子 it does not mean you only have first case.
這意味著你有一個病例加上許多其他病例 It means you have one case plus many other cases
你看不到的東西 that you don't see.
到你有41個案子的時候 It's by the time you have 41 cases,
就好像在十二月底 and it is, like, at the end of December,
那就意味著你還有上百個同夥 then that means you have hundreds of others.
所以當時我真的 真的很緊張 So I was really, really nervous at that time.
我絕對相信 I absolutely believe there's
中國的人際傳播 human-to-human transmission in China.
如果有旅客返回美國或歐洲 If there are travelers coming back to the U.S. or Europe
為了慶祝新年 那將是一個真正的載體 for celebration of new year, that would be truly a vector
真正將疾病傳播到全世界 to really transmit the disease all over the world,
所以我確實感覺到我們正在向一場流行病前進 so I do feel that we are marching to a pandemic
在一月上旬 in the early part of January.
- 從今晚開始 - Starting tonight, we're going to begin
檢查來自武漢的旅客 screening passengers arriving from Wuhan
在三個機場 at the three airports
看到大多數乘客: that see the majority of those passengers:
甘迺迪機場 三藩市 洛杉磯 JFK, San Francisco, and Los Angeles.
南茜梅索尼耶是負責 narrator: Nancy Messonnier was in charge
的公共資訊 of public messaging for COVID
疾病控制中心 at the Centers for Disease Control, or CDC.
有經驗的公共衛生官員 An experienced public health official
也是疫苗專家 and expert in vaccines,
她在疾病預防控制中心的反應中扮演了主要角色 she had played a leading role in the CDC's response
與2001年的炭疽病毒襲擊有關 to the anthrax attacks in 2001.
- 就這個星期 - Just this week...
3個中國以外的案例被確認
泰國2例，日本1例，均來源於武漢遊客
我們的實驗室正在使用基因序列 Our laboratory is using genetic sequences
由中國人提供 provided by the Chinese.
我們正在研究一種特殊的診斷測試 We're working on a specific diagnostic test
來檢測這種病毒 to detect this virus.
我們會分發這個測試 We'll be distributing this test
給州衛生部門 to state health departments.
-這是一種呼吸道病毒 -This is a respiratory virus.
它無聲無息地蔓延著 It is spreading silently, invisibly,
人與人之間 person to person,
在空氣中 在表面上 in the air, on the surfaces.
時時刻刻都要能夠認識到 Every moment counts to be able to recognize
病毒在哪裡 where the virus is
盡可能多地瞭解它 and to learn as much as we can about it
這樣我們就可以製造救命的疫苗和藥物 so we can make life-saving vaccines and drugs
還有診斷測試 and diagnostic tests.
- 那麼政府是否有某種計畫或劇本 - So did the government have some kind of plan or playbook
他們在這種情況下可以依靠的東西 that they could look to in the event of something like this?
-絕對有劇本 -There's absolutely a playbook.
我們更新了不同年代的預案 We've updated playbooks through the various years,
我們用了那些預案 and we actually used those playbooks
來鍛煉我們該做什麼 to exercise what we would do
在一個新興的 病毒流行病 in an emerging, viral pandemic
病毒出現之前的墜落 the fall before this virus emerged.
《深紅傳染病》 narrator: "Crimson Contagion" was
聯邦政府在12個州進行的演習 a federal government exercise conducted in 12 states.
它模擬了一場具有可怕相似性的流行病 It simulated a pandemic with eerie similarities
冠狀病毒的感染 to the coronavirus that was to come.
- 這是一次非常徹底的演習, - It was a very thorough exercise,
非常詳細 帶有高度致命的流感病毒 highly detailed, with a highly lethal influenza virus
出現在亞洲 that emerged in Asia
並迅速傳播到世界各地 and spread quickly around the world.
我們每天都收到“虛假報告” We were getting daily "pseudo-reports"
疫情爆發時 死亡人數 on the outbreak, the death count.
《深紅蔓延》中的錯誤 narrator: The mistakes made during "Crimson Contagion"
就像即將到來的景點的預演一樣 played like a preview of coming attractions
COVID 反應失敗的原因 for the failures of the COVID response.
那麼 為什麼政府沒有吸取必要的教訓呢 So why did the government fail to learn the lessons needed
為將要發生的事做準備 to prepare for what was to come?
- 挑戰總是在於誰是老大 - The challenge has always been who's in charge.
我們會召開災難領導小組會議 We would have disaster leadership group meetings,
我們可以聚在一起的地方 where we would bring together
健康和人類服務專家網路 the Health and Human Services network of experts,
和 ASPR 將召開這些會議 and the ASPR would convene these meetings.
- 誰才是真正的美國社會促進協會 - Who was, in fact, the ASPR?
- 美國社會促進協會是 Bob Kadlec 博士 - The ASPR was Dr. Bob Kadlec.
- 我國在21世紀面臨的威脅 - The threats our country faces in the 21st century
非常真實 非常嚴肅 are very real and very serious.
一個26年的空軍老兵 narrator: A 26-year Air Force veteran,
卡德萊克是一位專家 Kadlec was a specialist
生物和化學武器 in biological and chemical weapons.
作為美國防止虐待動物協會的成員 他淡化了流行病的危險 As ASPR, he downplayed the danger of pandemics,
削減新發傳染病開支 cut spending on emerging infectious diseases,
他的部門取消了一個專案 and his office eliminated a program
製造 N95面具 to manufacture N95 masks.
- 1月18日 我問了卡德萊克醫生 - January 18th, I asked Dr. Kadlec
如果我們能召開一次災難領導小組會議 if we could convene a disaster leadership group meeting.
令我震驚的是 他的回答是: To my shock, his response was,
“我看不出有什麼緊迫感 ” "I don't see a sense of urgency."
我只是不認為他認為有真正的機會 I just don't think he thought there was a real opportunity
讓這種病毒進入美國 for this virus to come into the United States.
就在裡克 · 布萊特向卡德利克伸出援手的同一天 narrator: The same day Rick Bright reached out to Kadlec,
卡德萊克的老闆亞曆克斯 · 阿紮爾 Kadlec's boss, Alex Azar,
試圖引起總統的注意 did try to get the president's attention.
當時阿紮爾負責美國疾病預防控制中心和美國食品及藥物管理局 Azar was in charge of the CDC and the FDA
作為衛生與公眾服務部部長 as the secretary of HHS, Health and Human Services.
在前任秘書因醜聞辭職後 After the previous secretary had resigned in scandal,
阿紮爾被任命了 Azar was appointed
把一個商人的方法帶到政府 to bring a businessman's approach to government.
作為 Eli Lily 的前任大型製藥公司高管 As a former Big Pharma executive at Eli Lily,
阿紮爾因為將胰島素的價格提高了三倍而臭名昭著 Azar was infamous for having tripled the price of insulin.
我在研究生院就認識他了 - I actually knew him in grad school.
非常保守 非常有野心 Very conservative, very ambitious.
在最高法院擔任斯卡利亞的書記員 Went on to clerk for Scalia on the Supreme Court.
在政府內部 narrator: Within the administration,
眾所周知 阿紮爾相信自由市場 Azar was known for his belief that the free market
將滿足美國的醫療保健需求 would meet America's healthcare needs.
- 我們 政府 沒有解決辦法 -We, the government, do not have the solutions
為了醫療保健 to healthcare.
我們通常是問題的根源 We're usually the cause of the problems.
伴隨著 COVID疫情的發展 阿紮爾感覺到 政府 narrator: With COVID, Azar sensed that the government
可能要扮演一些有限的角色 might have to play some limited role.
- 1月18日 他知道總統 - On January 18th, he knew that the president
幾天後要離開這裡去達沃斯 was leaving town in a couple of days to go to Davos,
阿紮爾決定 “你知道嗎 and Azar decided, "You know what?
“我想我最好確認一下 "I think I'd better make sure
總統知道這個病毒” the president is aware of this virus."
特朗普實際上是在馬阿拉歌的高爾夫球場上 Trump was actually on the golf course down at Mar-a-Lago
當阿紮爾打電話來的時候 when Azar called.
阿紮爾對總統的推銷 Azar's pitch to the president
一個 這可能是嚴重的 was one, this could be serious,
同時他也想傳達一種 but also he wanted to convey a sense of kind of,
“我們能搞定 ” "We got this."
在這兩條信息中 有一條 Of those two messages, the one
特朗普總統似乎真正內化了這一點 that President Trump appears to have really internalized
就是”我們能搞定 ”的資訊 was the "we got it" message.
- 疾病預防控制中心發現一宗冠狀病毒個案 - The CDC has identified a case of coronavirus
在華盛頓州 in Washington State.
你聽過疾病控制中心的簡報嗎 Have you been briefed by the CDC--
我有 - I have.
現在還有人擔心大流行嗎 - Are there worries about a pandemic at this point?
- 不 一點也不 我們.. - No, not at all, and we're--
一切都在我們掌控之中 we have it totally under control.
只有一個人從中國來 It's one person coming in from China.
一切都在我們的掌控之中 一切都會好起來的 And we have it under control. It's gonna be just fine.
- 我真的覺得我們很幸運 - I actually think we were very fortunate
第一個病例發生在西雅圖地區 that the first case occurred in the Seattle region.
我有時把西雅圖叫做西部疾病控制中心 I sometimes call Seattle sort of the CDC of the West
因為有那麼多的公共衛生研究人員 because there are so many public health researchers
和公共衛生人員最終來到了西雅圖 and public health people that end up in Seattle,
所以在某種程度上我覺得“好吧他們在掌控” so in some ways I felt like, "Okay, they're on top of it,
我們會得到很好的照顧” and we're in good hands."
- 我叫亞曆克斯 · 格萊寧格, - My name's Alex Greninger,
我是臨床病毒實驗室的助理主任 and I'm the assistant director of the Clinical Virology Lab
這裡是華盛頓大學醫學中心 here at the University of Washington Medical Center.
你好 Hello.
關於華盛頓第一個案子的一切 Everything about that first case from Washington
非常樂觀 was just so positive.
我的意思是 我們來看看所有的積極因素 I mean, like--let's go through all the positivity there.
一個自我認同的人 You know, someone self-identifies,
他說: “嘿 我剛從武漢飛過來 我發燒了 ” says, "Hey, I just flew in from Wuhan and I have a fever."
樣本連夜送到疾控中心 The sample was sent overnight to the CDC,
在那裡他們把一個測試 這是瘋狂的 where they turned around a test, which is crazy.
實際上他們已經做了病毒測試 They actually had a test for the virus,
基因組在10天前剛剛上線 where the genome had just gone online 10 days prior.
- 疾控中心亦立即派出一隊人馬 - CDC also sent a team out immediately
在確認之後 upon that confirmation.
- 他們查了他所有的接觸者 - They, you know, looked at all of his contacts
而且沒有進一步的的資訊 and there was no onward transmission.
我們在華盛頓再也沒有發現其他病例 We never identified another case in
直到二月的最後一個星期 the state of Washington until the last week of February.
但如果你還記得的話他沒有接受過測試 - But if you recall, he was not tested
直到他生病的第四天 until four days after when he became ill.
然後他從機場搭車回家 And he took a share ride back home from the airport,
他和同事們一起吃午飯 he had lunch with his colleagues,
他在四天內做了很多事 and he did a lot of things within four days.
所以我估計這至少是按順序 And so I estimate that that is at least in the order
有2000人需要接受測試 of 2,000 people that has to be tested,
所以我們最終錯過了很多案例 and so we end up missing a lot of the cases.
- 我們不是醫生但我們認識一個醫生 - We're not doctors, but we know a doctor,
他是病毒方面的專家 and he's actually an expert in viruses.
烏德布大學的 Alex Greninger 醫生 你是業界領先的.. Dr. Alex Greninger at UDub, you're one of the leading...
- 我剛成為一名助理教授 - I just became an assistant professor,
所以為了這個新病毒 他們邀請了我 and so for this new virus, you know, they sort of invited me
上新聞談論這件事 to go on the news to talk about it.
我記得那天晚些時候我參加了第二次面試 I remember later that day, I was in a second interview,
在採訪過程中 and like, in the middle of the interview,
採訪者停下來說：”哦 the interviewer stopped it and said, "Oh,
“他們剛剛關閉了武漢市 "they just shut down, like, the city of Wuhan
再也沒有交通工具進出了” and there's no more transport in and out of it."
一千一百萬人被隔離 11 million people are under quarantine,
然後你就會說：”哇這真是 and you're just kind of like, "Wow, that just
根本不像是會發生的事” doesn't even seem like it's what's gonna happen."
就像 你從來沒有見過 就像 一個平行世界 Like, you've just never seen, like, a parallel world
就像那樣 這裡也會發生什麼 like that, what was gonna happen here too.
- 一個多月了 你怎麼看 - How do you look at that more than one month
在華盛頓州沒有其他案子 of not having any other cases in the state of Washington?
- 哦 是的 那完全是個謊言 - Oh, yeah, it was a total lie. [laughs]
就像你知道的是否有實際的 In terms of, like, you know, whether there was actual, like,
你知道 那裡是否沒有案子 對嗎 you know, whether there were no cases there, right?
我的意思是”謊言”這個詞用得不對 I mean "lie" is not the right word,
但那只是一種... 你知道 那只是一種幻覺 but just a sort of a-- you know, it was a delusion.
錯覺是 narrator: The delusion was
第一個 COVID 病人只有一個 that the first COVID patient was the only one.
事實上 這種疾病已經在蔓延 In fact, the disease was already spreading
在美國境內 inside the United States.
科學家面臨的挑戰是如何說服政治家 The challenge for scientists was to convince politicians
動員整個國家 to mobilize the country
對抗一種沒人能看到的病毒 to fight a virus no one could see.
在1月23日的一次會議上 In a meeting on January 23rd,
裡克 · 布萊特向亞曆克斯 · 阿紮爾宣稱 Rick Bright made his pitch to Alex Azar.
- 我的任務 記得在 BARDA - My assignment, remember in BARDA,
就是確保我們開始展開 is to make sure that we start making
藥物 疫苗 以及那些測試 越快越好 drugs, vaccines, and those tests as quickly as possible.
我們被告知疾控中心正在努力進行一項測試 We were told the CDC was working diligently on a test,
我們只能依靠疾控中心 and we were relying solely on the CDC.
我提出立即開始的必要性 I raised the need to get started immediately
商業試驗開發藥物和疫苗 on commercial test development drugs and vaccines,
還需要錢來做這件事 and the need for money to do it.
秘書看著我 The secretary looked at me
說: “你需要錢嗎? ” and said, "You need money?"
我說: “是的 我們推算過了 And I said, "Yes, we've exercised
需要100億美元 ” that it would take about $10 billion."
沒有這些經驗和知識 Without that experience and knowledge,
我可能不會走進那個房間 I might not have walked into that room
要求那些東西 and asked for those things,
但我很清楚需要什麼 but I knew exactly what was needed.
那次會面之後我才知道 I learned after that meeting, actually,
很多人覺得被冒犯了 that a lot of the people were pretty offended
我要和秘書開個會 that I would come into a meeting with the Secretary
第一天就開口要錢 on day one and ask for money.
引起了一場大風暴 And it caused quite a shit storm,
就是他們對我的描述 is how it was described to me,
我惹惱了很多人 that I ruffled a lot of feathers.
事實上 我沒有被邀請參加那些會議 In fact, I wasn't invited back to those meetings
一段時間 for some time.
在美國 政治任命收緊 narrator: In the U.S., political appointees tightened
希望病毒就這麼消失了 their purse strings and hoped the virus would just go away.
韓國的反應非常不同 South Korea reacted very differently.
- 當談到這種疾病的反應時 - When it came to this disease response
在韓國這裡 here in South Korea,
政客們基本上置身事外 the politicians largely stayed out of the response
然後就交給了專業人士 and it was left in the hands of professionals.
- 在確認首宗新型冠狀病毒個案後 - After confirming its first case of the new coronavirus,
韓國正在加強預防措施 South Korea is stepping up precautionary measures.
- 你好 -你好 - Hello. - Hello.
第一個病例是一名35歲的婦女 The first case was a 35-year-old woman
從中國武漢進入這個國家 who had entered the country from Wuhan, China.
- 好嗎 -不 - Okay? - No.
- 沒有 - No? - [coughs]
MERS 是一種冠狀病毒 narrator: MERS was a coronavirus
讓韓國感到恐懼 that terrified South Korea,
38人死亡 數百人患病 killing 38 people and sickening hundreds more.
政府的反應受到了詆毀 The government was vilified for its response.
不久之後 立法會議員繼續 Soon after, legislators pursued
一系列關鍵性的改革 a series of critical reforms.
- 因此 他們通過了一項法律 - As a result of that, they passed a law
為了加快審批過程 in order to speed up the approval process
在緊急情況下使用這些工具 of these kits in a time of emergency.
1月27日 narrator: On January 27th,
韓國衛生官員召集了代表 South Korean health officials summoned representatives
來自20多家醫療公司 from more than 20 medical companies
建立一個全國性的測試項目 to put in place a national testing program.
- 這是一個非常緊急的要求 他們才剛剛見面 -It was such an urgent request that they just met
在首爾一個火車站的會議室裡 in a conference room at one of the train stations in Seoul.
相當於疾病預防控制中心的領導 他基本上是說 The head of the equivalent of the CDC, he basically said,
“現在就給我做這些測試吧 "Manufacture me these tests now
忘記審批程式” and forget about the approval process."
你知道 “開始使用它們 開始測試 You know, "Start using them, start testing.
“我們會回來確保它是準確的 "We will come back to make sure it's accurate,
但我們會在你出外勤的時候做的” but we'll do that while you're already in the field."
- 在那之後的幾天之內 -Within a matter of days after that,
第一個診斷試劑盒獲得批准 the first diagnostic test kit was approved,
這個過程通常需要 and it's a process that typically can take
一年以上 upwards of a year.
當時有四個案子 There were four cases at the time,
又過了幾個星期才有人死亡 and it would be another few weeks before there was a death,
但他們真的覺得有必要進行診斷測試 but they really felt the need for diagnostic testing
才能看出問題所在 to be able to see where the problem was
來應對威脅 and to deal with the threat.
到1月27日 narrator: By January 27th,
韓國正在控制病毒的擴散 South Korea was on its way to containing the virus
防止經濟停滯 and preventing an economic shutdown.
- 大家早上好 - Good morning, everyone.
感謝你們今天來到衛生和公共服務部 And thank you for joining us here today at HHS.
在美國 narrator: In the United States,
阿紮爾繼續強調回應 Azar continued to emphasize the response
這讓特朗普總統非常高興: that had so pleased President Trump:
“我們能行 ” "We've got this."
- 應對傳染病危機的戰術手冊 - The playbook for responding to an infectious disease
疫情爆發是相對簡單和多層次的 outbreak is relatively simple and multi-tiered.
你識別案例 隔離人群 You identify cases, isolate people,
診斷他們 治療他們 diagnose them, and treat them.
然後追蹤所有的連絡人 Then you track down all the contacts
你也可以對這些人做同樣的事情 of the infected person, and you do the same with those people,
如果有必要 接觸者也一樣 and the same with contacts of contacts if necessary.
這聽起來是個完美的計畫 narrator: It sounded like a perfect plan,
但缺少一個關鍵細節 but it was missing a key detail.
沒有全面的國家測試 There was no comprehensive national testing
和追蹤程式 and tracing program.
即便如此 疾病控制中心還是堅持了這個劇本的一個版本 Even so, the CDC stuck to a version of the script
由阿紮爾起草 drafted by Azar.
- CDC會繼續 - The CDC will continue
其積極的公共衛生應對策略 its aggressive public health response strategy,
保護我們的健康和安全 working to protect the health and safety
對美國公眾來說 of the American public.
- 現在 這種病毒沒有傳播 - Right now, there is no spread of this virus
在我們的社區裡 在家裡 in our communities here at home.
由特朗普任命 narrator: Appointed by Trump
在他的前任不光彩地離開之後 after his predecessor left in disgrace,
雷德菲爾德是一個有爭議的病毒學家 Redfield was a controversial virologist
沒有領導公共衛生機構的經驗 with no experience leading a public health agency.
在愛滋病危機期間 他宣揚宗教方針 During the AIDS crisis, he preached a religious approach,
要求禁欲作為解決辦法 calling for abstinence as a solution.
和他的前助手 Deborah Birx 一起 With his former assistant, Deborah Birx,
雷德菲爾德試圖推廣一種未經證實的愛滋病疫苗 Redfield's attempts to push an unproven HIV vaccine
因為科學不端行為被調查了兩次 were twice investigated for scientific misconduct.
- Redfield 對疾控中心來說有點奇怪 - Redfield is a little bit of an oddity for the CDC.
美國疾病預防控制中心是一個充滿科學家的機構 The CDC is an institution filled with scientists
研究人員不喜歡被告知科學 and researchers who don't like to be told that science has
為了經濟或政治妥協 to compromise for economics or for politics.
你知道 他們想成為純粹主義者 You know, they want to be purists.
唐納德 · 特朗普是一位表達了 Donald Trump is a president who has expressed
對科學不屑一顧 an incredible disdain for science
在他上任之前就開始了 since before he took office.
在白宮西翼 Inside the West Wing,
他們稱疾病控制中心為影子政府 they refer to the CDC as the Deep State.
當然 疾病預防控制中心的許多人都看到了雷德菲爾德 Certainly many of the people at the CDC saw Redfield
沒有他們想要的那種骨氣 as not having the kind of backbone that they would like
疾病預防控制中心的主任 to have seen in a CDC director
敢於面對總統 to stand up to the president
不管是私下的 還是公開的 both privately, but also publicly.
一些科學家願意反擊 narrator: Some scientists were willing to push back.
來自全國各地的公共衛生官員 Public health officials from around the country
我們都懷疑疾病控制中心是否對這種病毒有反應 shared doubts that the CDC was responding to the virus
有足夠的速度和關心 with enough speed and concern.
他們發送了一連串的郵件 They circulated an email chain,
其中包括特朗普的官員 被稱為“赤色黎明” which included Trump officials, called "Red Dawn."
- 這是怎麼回事 朋友 - What's going on here, my friend?
這是一個舌頭和臉頰點頭 narrator: It was a tongue-and-cheek nod
1984年的一部關於一小群美國公民的電影 to a 1984 movie about a small band of American citizens
反擊俄羅斯入侵 who fight back against a Russian invasion.
- 這是緊急廣播系統 - This is the Emergency Broadcast System.
我們受到了... ... 的攻擊 We are under attack by...
- 我們有點像狼獾 - We were a little bit like the Wolverines
就是那部電影裡的 from that movie.
- 他們知道你們是誰 -They know who all of you are.
他們在找你 They're looking for you.
- 一群正在反擊的青少年 - A group of teenagers that are fighting back,
我們中的一個覺得這會很有趣 and one of us thought it would be funny
以《赤色黎明》為題材 to use "Red Dawn" as the subject title.
那個郵件鏈 是一個群體 That email chain, it's a group
前任和現任的州和地方官員 of former and current state and local officials
在聯邦政府內部 within the federal government.
- 這些都是非常親愛的同事 - These are all very dear colleagues that have been
在公共衛生和應急回應方面的研究 in public health and emergency response for a long time.
一月下旬我們有意識地監控 In late January, we were consciously monitoring,
試圖評估它襲擊我們的時間 trying to assess when it hit us,
這場災難的規模有多大 how big the scope of the calamity
我們正在調查的案子 以及如何減輕這種情況 that we are looking into. and how to mitigate it.
- 我想在一月份 - I think in January,
事情已經敗露了 the cat was already out of the bag
我們在美國也有過類似的案例 in terms of we had cases in the U.S.,
人與人之間的傳播正在進行 we had human-to-human transmission going on
在美國 in the U.S.,
我們要對付的是2019冠狀病毒疾病 and we were going to be dealing with COVID-19.
- 我是說我睡不著 - I mean, I wasn't able to sleep.
我一直在想 I couldn't stop thinking about
我們會出什麼問題 what could go wrong for us.
“赤色黎明”的電子郵件將是充分的 narrator: The "Red Dawn" emails would be full
警告和建議 of warnings and recommendations
大流行應對專家的建議 from experts in pandemic response.
但是政客們沒有認識到這一點 But politicians failed to recognize
我們可以從中吸取教訓 that there were lessons to be learned.
- 歷史上從來沒有過這樣的事 - There's never been anything like this in history.
從來沒有 也沒有人看到過任何東西 There's never been and nobody has ever seen anything
像這樣 like this.
沒有什麼可以進一步的真相 narrator: Nothing could be further from the truth.
為未來的危險做好準備 To be ready for the perils of the future,
一個人要做的就是清楚地回顧過去 all one had to do is look clearly at the past.
1918年 在戰爭期間 female narrator: In 1918, in the midst of war,
流感在地球上各個國家蔓延 influenza marched across the earth from country to country.
到處都潛伏著流行病 Epidemic lurked everywhere.
為了防止傳染 我們採取了特別的預防措施 To ward off contagion, special precautions were taken.
由於沒有疫苗 也沒有什麼治療方案 narrator: With no vaccine and few treatment options,
簡單但有效的預防措施 simple but effective precautionary measures
就像人們只有面具一樣 like masks were all people had.
甲型 H1N1流感感染了5億人, The H1N1 flu infected 500 million people,
當時世界人口的1/3 1/3 of the world's population at the time.
死亡人數只能估計 The death toll can only be estimated
大概有兩千萬到五千萬人 somewhere between 20 and 50 million people.
自1918年以來 科學的進步 Since 1918, scientific advancements
就像電子顯微鏡的發明一樣 like the invention of the electron microscope
讓我們看到了”隱形的敵人” have allowed us to see the "invisible enemy."
但即使有了疫苗和病理學的進展 But even with vaccines and advances in pathology,
全球交通的發展 the growth of global transportation
使得其他流行病更有可能發生 made other pandemics ever more likely.
2003年 一種致命的 SARS 冠狀病毒 In 2003, a deadly SARS coronavirus
從蝙蝠到人類的傳播很快就被控制住了 spread from bats to humans was quickly contained.
2009年 奧巴馬政府 In 2009, the Obama Administration
當一種新的 H1N1病毒出現時 我們面臨著挑戰 faced a challenge when a new strain of H1N1 emerged.
- 大家下午好 -Good afternoon, everybody.
- 毫無疑問 每個總統都應該學習 - There's no doubt that every president should learn
以前發生過的事情 from what has happened before.
奧巴馬總統從一開始就認為這非常重要 President Obama felt it very important from the beginning
一直到我們處理 H1N1病毒 and all the way through our dealing with H1N1
科學家們才能打電話 that the scientists make the calls.
- 這裡有 H1N1流感 - H1N1 influenza is here.
我是 Tom Frieden 博士 - I'm Dr. Tom Frieden.
從2009年到2017年 我一直擔任疾病控制中心的負責人 I directed the CDC from 2009 to 2017.
- 我剛剛用來蘇消毒劑噴了椅子 - I just sprayed down the chair with Lysol.
- 好吧 - All right.
我們處理了流行病 We dealt with epidemics
寨卡病毒 埃博拉病毒 中東呼吸綜合症和 H1N1流感 of Zika, Ebola, MERS, and H1N1 influenza.
我們的緊急行動中心被啟動了 Our Emergency Operations Center was activated
超過90% 的時間我都在那裡 more than 90% of the time that I was there.
這是減少暴露的方法 That's the way of reducing exposures,
如果有大量的 H1N1 if there is a lot of H1N1.
- 我們認為可能會有一些挑戰 - We do think there may be some challenges, though,
實際挑戰 practical challenges.
奧巴馬總統明確表示 衛生和公眾服務部處於領先地位 President Obama made it very clear that HHS was in the lead
我會成為流感的代言人 and that I would be the spokesperson for the flu,
他會這麼叫我 流感的面孔 as he would call me, the face of the flu.
H1N1非常可怕 H1N1 was very scary
因為孩子特別容易受到傷害 because children were particularly vulnerable.
- 嗨 我是 Elmo - Hi, it's Elmo.
我是凱薩琳·西貝利厄斯部長 - And I'm Secretary Kathleen Sebelius.
- 埃爾莫和西貝柳斯部長 - Elmo and Secretary Sebelius...
- 教孩子們把噴嚏打到肘部是件大事 - Teaching kids to sneeze into their elbows was a big thing.
首先 你要學會像這樣對著手臂彎曲打噴嚏 First, you learn to sneeze into the bend of your arm like this.
阿嚏 -非常好 Achoo. - Oh, very good.
13000名美國人死於 H1N1 narrator: 13,000 Americans died from H1N1
和奧巴馬政府 and the Obama Administration
處理不當的疫苗分配 mishandled vaccine distribution,
但是科學家給政府打了很高的分數 but scientists gave the administration high marks
行動迅速 for moving quickly
對媒體和公眾開誠佈公 and being open with the press and the public.
僅僅四年之後 Just four years later,
奧巴馬政府對埃博拉危機的回應 the Obama Administration's response to the Ebola crisis
會因為太慢而受到批評 would be criticized for being too slow.
- 至於埃博拉病毒 我記得當時在場 - In the case of Ebola I remember being in the room,
在白宮簡報室 in the White House briefing room.
你們在這裡談論的是 You guys are up here talking about,
“我們有一個偉大而完美的系統 "We have this great and perfect system that's going
能夠 你知道 控制這種病毒 "to be able to, you know, contain this virus
因為我們做了這麼多準備 because we've done all this preparation,"
但看起來不像有效果 and yet it doesn't look like it's working.
- 事後諸葛亮總是20比20 - Hindsight is always 20/20.
我可以回顧我研究過的任何疾病爆發 I can look back at any outbreak I worked on
然後說”我在那裡犯了一系列錯誤” and say, "I made a series of mistakes there."
我們都是 但關鍵是 We all do, but the key is,
是非受迫性失誤嗎 are they unforced errors?
- 我認為反思是很重要的 - I think it is important to reflect
不管我們學到了什麼 我們都會建立和吸收 on whatever lessons we learn, we build and incorporate.
- 埃博拉危機過後 - After the Ebola crisis passed,
奧巴馬國家安全委員會 the Obama National Security Council had essentially
在國家安全委員會內設立了一個單位 created a unit within the National Security Council
致力於大規模流行病的應對 dedicated to sort of pandemic response.
- 不 我不能見本 - No, I cannot see Ben.
我能看到他的手 I can see his hand when he moves it out here,
但他戴著面罩 but he's got a face shield on.
很不錯 很棒 It's pretty good. Hardcore.
貝絲卡梅隆負責反擊 narrator: Beth Cameron was in charge of countering
奧巴馬政府面臨的生物威脅 biological threats for the Obama Administration.
- 我們成立了一個新的董事會 - We set up a new directorate
全球衛生安全和生物防禦 on global health security and biodefense,
我很榮幸能領導這個部門 and I was honored to be able to lead that directorate,
並且能夠承擔很多課程 and also to be able to take on a lot of the lessons
這是我們在埃博拉疫情後真正學到的 that we really had learned after the Ebola epidemic.
2016年 narrator: In 2016,
國家安全委員會的貝絲 · 卡梅隆和她的團隊 Beth Cameron and her team at the NSC
起草了一份69頁的應對流行病的預案 drafted a 69-page playbook on how to deal with a pandemic.
- 預案有意 - The playbook was intended
允許白宮裡的人提問 to allow people in the White House to ask questions.
我們該怎麼辦 What should we do?
還有 我們需要做什麼 And also, what do we need to do
這樣我們就不會反應過度了 to get ahead so that we're not constantly reacting?
- 這個預案怎麼了 - So what happened to this playbook?
- 所以據報導預案沒有被使用 -So the playbook is reported to not have been used.
- 奧巴馬政府沒有離開 - The Obama Administration did not leave
給政府任何一個計畫 to this administration any kind of game plan
就為了這種事 for something like this.
- 我不知道為什麼 Mitch McConnell 說 - I have no idea why Mitch McConnell said
他不知道戰術手冊的事 that he didn't know about the playbook.
有大量的副本 There were a large number of copies
螺旋形的劇本 that were spiral bound of this playbook.
他們向即將上任的政府簡要彙報了情況 It was briefed to the incoming administration.
它確實變得政治化了 It did become politicized.
- 有些人提出了錯誤的建議 - Some have erroneously suggested
特朗普政府 that the Trump Administration
扔掉了疫情應對手冊 threw out the pandemic response playbook
奧巴馬-拜登政府留下的 left by the Obama-Biden Administration.
然而 批評家們沒有注意到的是 What the critics failed to note, however,
這個薄紙包被換掉了 is that this thin packet of paper was replaced
兩份詳細的 強有力的 大流行反應報告 by two detailed, robust, pandemic response reports
受特朗普政府委託 commissioned by the Trump Administration.
- 他們最不願意做的事情就是關注 - The last thing that they wanted was to pay attention
奧巴馬政府時期人民的期望 to what the Obama people wanted them
關注的事情 to pay attention to.
他們試圖一刀兩斷 They were trying to make a clean break
從他們眼中災難性的總統任期中拯救出來 from what they saw as a disastrous presidency,
這就是特朗普的總統任期 and this was the Trump presidency.
- 我為自己是個美國人而驕傲 - ♪ And I'm proud to be An American ♪
在那裡至少我知道我是自由的 ♪ Where at least I know I'm free ♪
- 我認為重要的是要明白 - I think it's important to understand
生物威脅並不是 that biological threats are not the thing
對於一個高級領導人來說 這總是最重要的 that is always top of mind for a senior leader.
- 我很樂意站起來 - ♪ And I'd gladly stand up
- 但是壓力真的很大 - But there really was a lot of pressure
所有的公務員 on all of the civil servants
在奧巴馬和特朗普之間 in between Barack Obama and Donald Trump
來解釋為什麼我們需要高級官員 to explain why we need high-level officials
一直在關注這個問題 who are looking at that issue all the time.
離開後 我繼續與特朗普團隊一起工作 After I left, I continued to work with the Trump team
我在政府之外的新職位上 in my new position outside of government
直至首長級人員于二零一八年五月解散 until the directorate was dissolved in May of 2018.
全球國家安全小組被解散 narrator: The Global National Security Team was disbanded
在重組中 under a reorganization
特朗普的國家安全顧問約翰 · 博爾頓 by Trump's National Security Advisor, John Bolton.
- 令人震驚的是任何一屆政府 - It was really shocking that any administration
會失去這麼多的經驗和專業知識 would get rid of so much experience and expertise
以及合作與協調 and the collaboration and coordination
隨之而來的 那些年 that comes with that-- those years.
從特朗普就職那一刻起 narrator: From the moment of Trump's inauguration,
招聘的口號不是”你被雇傭了” the guiding slogan of staffing was not "you're hired,"
而是”你被解雇了” but "you're fired."
關鍵職位空缺 Key positions went unfilled.
更多的人被淘汰了 Many more were eliminated.
當人們被雇傭的時候 And when people were hired,
經驗遠沒有忠誠重要 experience was not nearly as important as loyalty.
1月29日 白宮宣佈成立 On January 29th, the White House announced the formation
一個正式的特遣部隊 of an official task force
來對抗冠狀病毒的威脅 to confront the threat of the coronavirus.
- 大家下午好 - Well, good afternoon, everyone.
我是亞曆克斯 · 阿紮爾 I'm Alex Azar.
由阿紮爾領導 narrator: Led by Azar,
特遣部隊缺乏科學專業知識 the task force had little scientific expertise.
大多數是商人和律師 看起來是被選中的 Most were businessmen and lawyers, seemingly chosen
因為他們的政治或宗教信仰 for their political or religious beliefs.
其中一位是薩拉 · 佩林的外交政策顧問 One had been Sarah Palin's foreign policy advisor.
另一個是否認氣候變化的人 Another was a climate change denier
他們反對同性戀 認為是違反自然的行為 who opposed homosexuality as an act against nature.
僅有的兩位公共衛生官員 The only two public health officials
是 Redfield 和 Anthony Fauci 博士 were Redfield and Dr. Anthony Fauci.
在國家衛生研究所 At the National Institute of Health,
福奇曾為六位總統提供過建議 Fauci had advised six presidents
並且一直處於各種流行病應對措施的前沿 and had been at the forefront of every epidemic response
已經有40年了 for the last 40 years.
- 現在的問題是有很多未知因素 -The issue now with this is that there's a lot of unknowns.
從媒體上可以看到 As you can see just from the media,
案件數量急劇下降 the number of cases have steeply inclined
每一天 each and every day.
在第一次簡報中 narrator: At the first briefing,
他們沒有宣佈具體的計畫 they announced no concrete programs
來控制病毒 to contain the virus
在美國境內 inside the borders of the United States.
相反 他們提供了一種變化 Instead, they offered a variation
我們熟悉的特朗普副歌-- “築起一堵牆” of a familiar Trump refrain-- "build a wall."
- 直系親屬以外的外國國民 -Foreign nationals, other than immediate family
美國公民和永久居民 of U.S. citizens and permanent residents
在過去的14天內到過中國 who have traveled in China within the last 14 days
將暫時被拒絕進入美國 will be denied entry into the United States for this time.
- 在那之後的幾個月裡 成千上萬的人 - In the months after that, tens of thousands of people
仍然通過中國進入美國 from China still make their way into the United States,
大部分是回國的美國人 mostly Americans who are returning home
也不會被那個判決所阻礙 and are not blocked by that ruling.
- 鑽石公主號 我是船長 - "Diamond Princess," this is your captain speaking
在駕駛室 from the bridge.
我們已經得到通知 We have been notified that
另外10個人 10 additional people
對冠狀病毒呈陽性反應 have tested positive for coronavirus.
“鑽石公主”號的船長 narrator: The captain of the "Diamond Princess"
他的船停靠在橫濱 had docked his vessel in Yokohama
在得知一名乘客的2019冠狀病毒疾病檢測呈陽性後 after learning a passenger had tested positive for COVID-19.
日本政府下令實行14天的隔離 The Japanese government ordered a 14-day quarantine.
最終 超過700名乘客 Eventually, over 700 passengers
檢測結果呈陽性 would test positive.
這使得“鑽石公主”號 That made the "Diamond Princess"
成為中國境外已知最大規模的病毒爆發點 the largest known outbreak of the virus outside of China.
- 唐納德 · 特朗普 救救我們 -Donald Trump, save us.
給我們弄一架政府專用飛機 Get us a government-based airplane.
- 甚至不是那樣 就像... -把我們弄下船 - Not even that, just like-- - Get us off the ship.
- 我接到一個電話 - I received a phone call
一個災難醫療救援小組 that a disaster medical assistance team
正在組織一次營救行動 was being assembled to do a rescue operation
把美國公民從鑽石公主號上拉下來 to go pull American citizens off of the "Diamond Princess"
把他們帶回美國 and bring them back to the U.S.
有人問我是否願意去 And I was asked if I would be willing to go
作為一個專家 去幫助團隊 as an expert to go help the team.
他們有一群穿白大褂的人 -Okay, they've got a bunch of people in white coats.
- 不是白大褂 是白色防護服 - They're not white coats. They're white hazmat suits.
- 那是白色的防護服 - They're white hazmat suits.
他們在這裡挖了一些小隧道 They've got these little tunnels down here.
我稱之為外星人隧道 The E.T. Tunnels, I call them.
- 當時我們還不知道很多 - At the time, we still didn't know a lot
關於傳播的動態學 about the transmission dynamics
甚至疾病的嚴重性和致命性 or even the severity and lethality of the disease.
- 「鑽石公主」獲確認 - The "Diamond Princess" confirmed
很多很多讓我緊張的事情 many, many of what I was nervous about.
首先 這表明 First of all, it shows
它是如何在一個封閉的環境中傳播的 how it spread in a confined environment
和很多人一起 對嗎 with lots of people, right?
雖然他們都有自己的小隔間 Even though all of them has their own cubicle,
但那和公寓樓一模一樣 but that's exactly like apartment complexes
在紐約市 你出去 對不對 in New York City, and you go out, right?
你走進商場 走進教室 You go to places confined in a mall, and in classrooms,
在宿舍裡 在很多很多地方 in dormitories, in many, many settings.
它基本上給了我們一個非常平行的世界 It basically gave us a very parallel world
發生在我們身上的事 of what could be happening to us.
- 甚至在船被隔離之後 - Even after the ship went into quarantine
乘客們被嚴格限制在自己的房間裡 and passengers were really restricted to their rooms,
疫情持續擴大的事實表明 the fact that the outbreak continued to grow demonstrated
可能有更多的傳播現象 that there may be more to transmission phenomenon
比我們最初想像的要多 than we initially thought.
所以當我們看到這一切的時候 我們真的被震撼了 So when we saw that, that really hit home to us
這是一個非常具有爆炸性的情況 that this is a pretty explosive situation.
- 好吧 他們隔離了 但是傳播就像火一樣 - Okay, they quarantine, but yet the spread is like fire.
它表明--它確實強調了戰略測試是必須的 It shows--it really highlights strategic tests is a must.
伊娃 · 李開始拉響警報 narrator: Eva Lee began to sound the alarm
在「赤色黎明」的電郵中 有關無症狀的傳播 in the "Red Dawn" emails about asymptomatic spread
以及廣泛測試的必要性 and the need to test widely.
她在二月初就知道了 She knew in early February
聯邦官員拒絕承認 what federal officials refused to recognize.
只有一個大規模測試的龐大基礎設施 Only a vast infrastructure for mass testing
可以發現並包含病毒 could spot and contain a virus
已經悄無聲息地穿越整個國家 that was already moving invisibly across the country.
- 然後我對自己說 “就是這樣 ” -Then I thought to myself, "That is it."
我們將沒有機會控制 We will have no chance to contain.
如果我們現在不採取行動 If we are not going to take actions now,
我們會後悔 我們會遲到 遲到 遲到 we would regret and we would be late, late, late.
- 三連勝是測試 追蹤和分離 - The trifecta is test, trace, and isolate.
你需要這三者協同工作 You need to have all three of those working in tandem
能夠拿下任何傳染病 to be able to take down any infectious disease.
我來自香港 I'm from Hong Kong,
我在非典期間長大 and I grew up during SARS,
所以我想這是我第一次感受到疾病的爆發 so I guess that was my first experience with an outbreak,
這是一個有趣的參考點 which has turned out to be an interesting reference point
在這次疫情爆發中 during this outbreak.
我的老闆說：“你應該報導冠狀病毒 ” My boss was like, "You should cover the coronavirus."
所以我的問題是 So my question's gonna be,
我們在哪裡偏離了戰術手冊 where are we deviating from the playbook?
這就是我要求政府負責的地方 That's where I hold the government accountable.
所以疾控中心在他們的實驗室做了一個測試 So the CDC made a test that worked in their lab
在第一例 COVID 病例 before the first case of COVID
1月20日在華盛頓州確診之前 landed in the state of Washington on January 20.
他們下一步看到的是發送測試套件 What they saw as their next step was sending test kits
基於他們的設計 based on their design
全國各地的公共實驗室 to public labs around the country.
- 所以疾控中心不能做個測試然後發出去 - So CDC can't just make a test and send it out.
他們必須申請緊急使用授權 They have to apply for Emergency Use Authorization.
- 本周 美國食品和藥物管理局發佈了緊急使用授權 -This week, the FDA issued an Emergency Use Authorization
疾病預防控制中心的診斷測試 for the CDC's diagnostic test.
- 宣佈進入緊急狀態 - Having a declaration of an emergency
可以讓你省去很多繁文縟節 allows you to, like, cut through a lot of red tape
你不需要去的地方 where, like, you don't have to
批准傳統的途徑 approve things the traditional pathway,
這需要很多很多年 which takes many, many years.
這就像在機場排隊預檢一樣 So it's like going through the precheck line at the airport.
- 美國食品藥品監督管理局2月4日真的向美國疾病控制和預防中心發出了 EUA - FDA issued the EUA to CDC really on February 4th,
測試用品5號就可以買到了 and test kits were available on the 5th.
- 測試套件將開始運輸 - The test kits will start shipping
超過100個美國公共衛生實驗室 to the over 100 U.S. public health labs.
- 每個測試套件最多可提供800個病人樣本 - Each test kit can perform up to 800 patient samples.
- 大約四至五小時就可以用 - It works in about four to five hours' time.
- 真是英勇啊兩周之內 - And that's pretty heroic, in two weeks,
為國家開發測試工具 to develop test kits for the country.
到目前為止 說到預案 -So, so far, speaking of the playbook,
一切都很順利 everything was going right.
- 公共衛生實驗室要做的第一件事 - The first thing public health labs have to do
他們得到測試後 他們必須核實 after they get the test is they have to verify
測試在他們手中起作用 that the test works in their hands,
在他們的實驗室裡 和他們的科學家一起 in their laboratory, with their scientists.
所以在2月8日 星期六 So on Saturday, February 8th,
實驗室打開了他們的盒子 labs opened up their boxes
然後他們開始測試並運行 and they started to get the test up and running.
然後 第二天早上 And then, the next morning,
我看到了一些電子郵件 I see a number of emails
公共衛生實驗室主任說 from public health laboratory directors saying,
“我們發現其中一個元件存在這個問題 "We're seeing this problem with one of the components
“測試的 N3 "of the test, the N3,
有人看到了嗎? ” and is anyone else seeing that?"
然後我的手機開始爆炸 Then my phone started to blow up.
很明顯 我們確實遇到了一個真正的問題 It became apparent that we actually had a real problem.
我對自己說 And I thought to myself,
“哦 我的上帝 "Oh, my God.
這是一場噩夢 ” This is a nightmare."
- 很多實驗室都有同樣的問題 - There were many labs that were having the same problem.
所以這是一個跡象 So that was an indication
這是來自疾控中心實驗室的 that this was coming from the CDC labs.
CDC 設計的測試有三個組成部分 There are three components to the CDC-designed tests.
它們被稱為 N1 N2和 N3分析 They are called the N1, N2, and N3 assay,
以及 N1和 N2檢測 and the N1 and N2 assay, together,
專門尋找2019冠狀病毒疾病冠狀病毒 look specifically for the COVID-19 coronavirus.
然後他們有了第三種成分 N3分析 And then they had a 3rd component, the N3 assay,
這是設計來尋找任何冠狀病毒 which was designed to look for any coronavirus.
我不知道他們為什麼決定 And I don't know why they decided
把第三部分也加進去 to throw that third part in.
他們不需要它 但是第三部分 They didn't need it, but that third part
是導致所有問題的原因 is the part that caused all the problems.
這是一個污染問題 It was a contamination problem.
- 這是一個關鍵的警醒時刻 - This was just a huge lightbulb moment
我們真的可以暫停一下 where--wow, we could really be on pause.
- 疾控中心說他們正在和各州合作 - The CDC says they're working with states now
來修復測試 to fix the tests.
他們沒有說有多少套件有缺陷 They did not say how many of the kits have flaws.
- 這真的很讓人沮喪 - Now, this was really frustrating
很多實驗室主任 因為他們喜歡 to a lot of lab directors because they were like,
“看 這個測試的 N1和 N2部分起作用了 "Look, the N1 and N2 part of this test are working
”完全沒事 "totally fine,
”所以我們為什麼不忽略 "so why don't we just ignore the part
這樣不行嗎? ” that isn't working?"
- 根據緊急使用授權 - Under an Emergency Use Authorization,
你不該這麼做的 you're not supposed to do that.
你必須完全按照指定的方式運行測試 You have to run that test exactly as it's assigned.
事實證明 narrator: As it turned out,
超過90% 的公共衛生實驗室 over 90% of public health labs
做了一些不起作用的測試 had tests that were not working.
- 所以我們真的好像在盲飛 -So it was really as if we were flying blind,
我們都知道 坦白說 and we knew it, and frankly,
除了等待 我們無能為力 there was nothing we could do except wait.
- 有一個有效的測試 - There was a working effective test
這是在德國的一個實驗室裡創造的 that was created in a German laboratory
由世界衛生組織分發到 that was being distributed by the World Health Organization
世界各地的國家 to countries all around the world.
- 現在已經有了 - It is available now
我們要把一個重要部件運到實驗室 and we are shipping an essential component to labs
馬上開始工作 to really start working immediately.
- 非常坦率地使用世衛組織的檢測方法 -The WHO test quite frankly is used
低收入和中等收入國家 for low and moderately income countries.
我認為這是非常不尋常的 I think it would've been very unusual
使用其他國家的測試 而不是出於政治原因 to use another country's test, and not for political reasons.
只是 我猜 可能是因為科學上的傲慢 Just, I guess, because of maybe scientific hubris.
我們從來沒有這樣失敗過 We've never had a failure like this.
儘管在疾病控制中心的技術問題 narrator: Despite the technical problems at the CDC,
特朗普政府本可以堅持 the Trump Administration could have insisted
另有計劃 on an alternate plan.
公共實驗室可以轉向世衛組織的檢測 Public labs could have pivoted to the WHO test
或者移除了 N3因素 or removed the N3 element.
試驗製造商和臨床實驗室 Test manufacturers and clinical labs
都渴望開始自己做測試 were eager to start making their own tests,
但由於某些原因我們仍然無法解釋 but for reasons that remain unexplained,
美國食品藥品監督管理局停止了審批程式 the FDA put the brakes on the approval process.
- 是啊 - Yeah.
- 看起來佈置得不錯 - Looks like the setup is pretty good.
- 太好了 醫生批准了嗎 - Oh, good, doctor approved?
- 沒錯 - Yup, exactly.
我的名字是泰森貝爾 My name is Taison Bell.
我是一名傳染病和重症監護醫生 I'm an infectious disease and critical care physician
維吉尼亞大學 at the University of Virginia.
我是 COVID 重症監護室的主任 I'm the director of the COVID ICU.
知道這些真的很重要 It's really important to know
在社區裡是積極的 who's positive in the community
並且能夠進行廣泛而激進的測試 and to be able to test in a widespread, aggressive fashion
這樣我們才能真正阻止傳播鏈 so we can really stop the chain of transmission
病毒 of the virus.
傳統上 這裡有很大的餘地 Traditionally, there's a lot of leeway
當涉及到聯邦法規時 when it comes to federal regulations
和醫院實驗室的能力 and hospital laboratories' ability
進行內部測試 to set up their in-house testing,
但是關於緊急聲明 but the thing about the emergency declaration
就是它使得診斷技術 was that it made the diagnostic innovation
更困難 因為現在它必須通過 FDA more difficult because now it had to go through the FDA.
所以現在突然之間 So now, all of a sudden,
任何有經驗的大學實驗室 any university laboratory that has the experience
以及如何建立自己的內部測試 and the know-how to set up their own in-house testing
現在必須搞清楚以使之工作 now has to clear it in order to make this work.
- 我們不是公共衛生實驗室 - We're not a public health lab.
作為一個臨床實驗室 我們不是這個系統的一部分 As a clinical lab, we're not part of this system.
疾控中心和州立公共衛生實驗室 You know, the CDC and the state public health labs
非常棒 are fantastic,
但是臨床實驗室 but clinical labs,
比如醫院臨床實驗室商業實驗室 like hospital clinical labs, commercial labs,
完成90% 到95% 的測試 perform 90% to 95% of testing.
我們真的是公共衛生系統的第一線 We really are the front lines of the public health system,
所以這很重要 and so it's really important
我們也是談話的一部分 that we're a part of that conversation as well.
- 所以我們想知道 - So we're trying to figure out, is it better
處理食品藥品管理局和那裡的積壓 to just deal with the FDA and the backlog there
建立我們自己的內部測試 and set up our own in-house testing,
還是等疾控中心 or do we just wait for the CDC
來解決測試的問題 to fix the issues with the test?
我們最初決定等待 We decided initially to wait,
那是個錯誤的決定 and that was the wrong decision.
許多實驗室放棄 narrator: Many labs gave up
而不是面對錯綜複雜的官僚規則 rather than face the thicket of bureaucratic rules.
但亞曆克斯 · 格萊寧格並沒有放棄 But Alex Greninger did not give up,
而是開始了 and instead began
艱難地通過 FDA 的管理程式 to slog through the FDA regulatory process.
- 所以在那個時候 你必須全身心投入 - So at that point, you had to really go fully in.
你得自己做測試 You gotta make your own test.
所以我們拿到了範本和檔 So we got the template and the paperwork.
你無法得到回復 You couldn't get the comments back
直到你寄出文件 until you mail in the document.
雖然你會發郵件給我 Even though you'd email a document,
你必須把它燒錄到 CD 或 USB 上 you had to burn it to a CD or a USB
並親自把文件寄出去 and physically send the document as well.
最初的程式建議 The original process suggested
檢測了50個陽性樣本 testing 50 positive samples,
但是在美國有14個已知病例 but in that case in the U.S., there were 14 known cases.
但即使只有一個樣本 But even getting that one sample,
一個陽性樣本 是最難的部分 that one positive sample, was the hardest part.
並從疾病控制中心獲得臨床資料 And obtaining clinical material from the CDC
非常困難 is very difficult.
我想那時你才意識到 And I think that was when you realize
美國食品藥品管理局和疾病控制中心可能還沒有 that the FDA and the CDC maybe hadn't talked a ton.
- 把你的舞伴轉來轉去 - Swing your partner around and 'round.
轉啊轉啊轉 And around. And around.
雖然聯邦機構失敗了 narrator: While federal agencies failed
病毒在二月中旬傳播開來 to talk to each other, the virus swirled in mid-February
在西雅圖郊區舉行了一系列的方塊舞 through a series of square dances in suburban Seattle.
隨著每一個 do-si-do 病毒改變了夥伴 With every do-si-do, the virus changed partners.
但是沒有測試 But without testing,
科學家們無法追蹤 scientists couldn't follow the spread.
緊急措施意味著速度和創新 The emergency steps meant for speed and innovation
減緩了整個過程 slowed the process down to a crawl.
白宮本可以省去繁文縟節 The White House could have cut through the red tape.
神秘的是為什麼那些掌權者 The mystery is why those in power
並沒有迫使官僚機構找到一個快速的解決方案 didn't force the bureaucracy to find a quick solution.
- 在我們停頓的時候 - While we were on pause,
我們成員的焦慮程度增加了 the anxiety level of our members just increased
以指數級增長 日復一日 exponentially, day after day.
只有更多的挫折和擔憂 There was just more frustration, concern,
坦白說 很傷心 因為我們沒有 frankly sadness, because we weren't
能夠完成我們的工作 able to do our job.
這真的很難 That was really tough.
當在美國的測試被擱置 narrator: While testing in the U.S. was stalled,
在韓國 政府已經開始行動 in South Korea, the government was already moving
來控制病毒 to contain the virus by utilizing
一個全面的國家測試和追蹤計畫 a comprehensive national testing and tracing program.
- 我覺得他們做得更好 - I think they did a much better job.
我覺得從測試開始 I think starting from the testing roll-out,
我們早期的嫉妒心 a lot of our jealousy early on
他們能夠如此迅速地 was just how rapidly they were able
測試他們大部分的人口 to test a large proportion of their population.
他們正在測試 And they were testing
相對年輕的無症狀人群 relatively younger asymptomatic people
以及患有更嚴重疾病的老年人 as well as older people who had more severe diseases,
他們可以追蹤接觸者 and they were able to do contact tracing.
- 因為2016年通過的法律 - Because of the laws that were passed in 2016,
使得觸點追蹤器能夠獲得大量的 enabling contact tracers to obtain vast amounts
以疾病控制的名義提供資訊 of information in the name of disease control,
有大量的資料 there was a large amount of data
這裡的權威人士可以訪問 that authorities here can access.
手機信號塔資訊 Cell tower information,
閉路電視錄影信用卡資料 CCTV footage, credit card data.
這個資訊被推出去了 And this information was pushed out
向公眾發出手機提醒 to the general public using cell phone alerts.
- 來回顧過去 - ♪ To glance behind
歌劇魅影 - ♪ The Phantom of the Opera
♪在這裡 ♪ Is here - [squeals]
如果兩個人唱歌 narrator: If two people singing
可以傳播疾病 could spread the disease,
想像一下成千上萬的人在一個房間裡唱歌 imagine thousands singing in one room.
一次大規模的疫情爆發被追溯到新千寺教堂 A major outbreak was traced to the Shincheonji Church,
一個宣揚世界末日的基督教邪教 a doomsday Christian cult.
由自稱是救世主的李主席領導 Led by a self-proclaimed messiah, Chairman Lee.
- 哈利路亞 -”哈利路亞” - Hallelujah. - "Hallelujah."
韓國政府派人 narrator: The Korean government descended
在大邱 on the city of Daegu,
教堂的主要宗教場所 where the church had its primary place of worship.
通過測試 跟蹤和隔離 By testing, tracing, and isolating
李主席的追隨者們 the followers of Chairman Lee,
官方試圖阻止病毒傳播 officials tried to prevent the virus
傳播到城市的其他地方 from spreading to the rest of the city.
- 又有數以千計的人受到感染 - Thousands of additional people had been exposed.
這導致了韓國人口數量的激增 It led to South Korea's numbers soaring.
因為韓國已經開始增長了 Because South Korea had already started ramping up
診斷測試生產 他們能夠找出 diagnostic test production, they were able to seek out
大邱教會的每一個成員 every member of this church in Daegu
然後給他們做個檢查 and get them tested.
- 韓國總統 - The President of South Korea has put the country
在這個國家感染案例數量超過760人 死亡人數上升到7人後 on the highest possible alert after the number of cases
把警惕級別作了盡可能提高 jumped to more than 760 and the death toll rose to 7.
- 由於大邱的病例激增 - Because of the surge of cases in Daegu,
韓國開始開放這些中心 South Korea started opening up these centers.
不下車測試 narrator: Drive-through testing
還有專門的測試站 保護醫護人員 and special testing booths protected healthcare workers
同時大大提高了測試能力 while dramatically increasing testing capacity.
而且製造商能夠跟上銷量 And manufacturers were able to keep up with the volume.
韓國也加快了 PPE 的生產 South Korea also stepped up production of PPE
保護衛生工作者和公眾 to protect health workers and the public alike.
早日檢測可以拯救韓國 Early adoption of testing would save South Korea.
同時在美國 At the same moment in the United States,
測試仍然停止 整個國家都是盲目的 testing was still halted, and the nation was blind
對於病毒傳播的地點和方式 to where and how the virus was spreading.
- 因為我們所做的一切 - Because of all we've done,
美國人民面臨的風險仍然很低 the risk to the American people remains very low.
當有15個案例的時候 這15個案例在幾天之內 When you have 15 people, and the 15 within a couple of days
會降到接近零 我們做得很好 is going to be down to close to zero, we're doing great.
其他國家一直表現不佳 Other countries have not been doing great.
我們的消費者非常非常強大 Our consumer is very, very strong,
在經濟上非常強大 very powerful economically.
在蓬勃發展的經濟浪潮之下 narrator: Underneath the booming economic wave
是看不見的疾病回流 was an invisible undertow of disease.
到2月中旬 流行病模型顯示 By mid-February, pandemic models indicate
數以千計的病例在蔓延 that there were thousands of cases spreading
橫掃西雅圖 芝加哥 三藩市和紐約 through Seattle, Chicago, San Francisco, and New York.
- 到二月中下旬 頂級專家-- -By mid to late February, the sort of top experts--
羅伯特 · 雷德菲爾德 南茜 · 梅森尼爾 Robert Redfield, Nancy Messonnier,
安東尼 · 福西 阿紮-- Anthony Fauci, Azar--
他們決定 “我們必須告訴總統 they decide, "We gotta tell the president
”我們必須變得更前衛 "that we have to become more aggressive
在警告美國公眾這件事上 "about warning the American public
這就是我們的目的地” that this is where we're headed."
問題就出在總統 第二天 The problem was the president just that next day
去了另一個國外旅行 印度 left for another foreign trip to India.
- 我很期待和印度人民在一起 - Well, I look forward to being with the people of India.
和千上萬的人 We're gonna have many millions and millions of people.
- 顯然他們想向總統彙報情況 - They wanted to brief the president obviously
在你做出這種.. before you sort of made this sort of...
右轉的資訊之前 right turn on messaging.
- 是的 我們非常投入 - Yeah, we're very much involved.
我們非常.. We're very...
非常清楚發生的一切 very cognizant of everything going on.
一切都在我們的掌控之中 We have it very much under control.
非常感謝大家 Thank you very much, everybody.
- 醫生也知道這不是 - And the doctors knew that this wasn't the kind of thing
你在電話裡應該做的簡報 that you brief over the telephone,
所以他們決定 “我們會安排一個簡報 so they decided, "We'll set up a briefing
在總統回來的那一天 for the president the day he gets back."
- 印度總理納倫德拉 · 莫迪 - Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi
熱烈歡迎特朗普總統 rolled out the red carpet for President Trump.
- 你好 你好 - Namaste. Namaste.
- 特朗普總統經常根據事件的規模來評判事件 - President Trump often judges events based on their size.
越大越好 所以很合適 The bigger the better, so it's fitting
這個體育場人滿為患 that this stadium was absolutely packed
超過10萬人 with more than 100,000 people.
這次集會開始了一次旋風式的旅行 The rally kicked off a whirlwind trip
充滿了總統熱愛的華麗場面 packed with the pageantry that the president so loves.
- 到今天早上為止 我們仍然只有14個 - As of this morning, we still have only 14 cases
Covid-19冠狀病毒病例 of the China coronavirus
在美國這裡發現的 detected here in the United States.
我們有三個案子 We have three cases
從武漢返回國的美國人中 among Americans repatriated from Wuhan,
我們有40例美國乘客 and we have 40 cases among American passengers
從日本的“鑽石公主”號返回 repatriated from the "Diamond Princess" in Japan.
我們正在努力實現徹底的透明化 We're trying to engage in radical transparency
與美國公眾進行交流 with the American public as we go through this.
今天早上疾控中心的梅森尼爾博士 This morning, Dr. Messonnier from the CDC
提供了例行的電話簡報 provided the usual tele-briefing.
- 有點混亂 - There was a bit of confusion,
這是 Nancy Messonnier 的理解 and it was Nancy Messonnier's understanding
新消息 that the green light had been given
已經被批准 for that new message
向總統彙報之前交付 to be delivered before briefing the president.
所以在她下次記者電話會議上 So at her next conference call for reporters,
她進城去了 she went to town.
- 我記得當時很震驚 - I remember being shocked,
“她知道自己剛才說了什麼嗎? ” thinking, "Does she realize what she just said?"
- 我不能說我知道 - I can't say that I know
南茜 · 梅索尼耶的想法 what was in Nancy Messonnier's mind,
但不難猜到 but it wouldn't be hard to guess
一定有某種程度的挫敗感 that there must have been a level of frustration
在疾病控制中心積聚起來 built up inside the CDC
關於一個不把這當回事的總統 about a president who doesn't take this seriously.
我的意思是 你知道 這是顯而易見的 I mean, you know, that was palpable.
- 首次發表聲明 - Statements were made for the first time
為美國人的心理做好準備 to prepare the psyche of Americans
因為我們 科學家 知道會發生什麼 for what we, the scientists, knew was coming.
- 這是這次疫情爆發的轉捩點 - It was a turning point in this outbreak
因為真相終於破殼而出了 because the truth was finally broken through that shell
每天都有那麼多人站在那裡 of so many people standing there every day
告訴美國人 “我們已經控制住了局面 telling Americans, "We have it under control.
“我們已經控制住了 這不是問題 "We have it contained. It's not a problem.
它正在消失 ” It's going away."
在那之前 每天都有這樣的資訊 Those were the messages every day up until that point.
- 她幾乎就在那個時候做簡報 - She gives that briefing at virtually the exact moment
特朗普正走上臺階 that Trump is walking up the steps
在印度的“空軍一號”上 on "Air Force One" in India.
- 在更大的規模上 社區和城市 - On a larger scale, communities and cities
可能需要修改 推遲 或取消集會 may need to modify, postpone, or cancel mass gatherings.
- 南茜•梅索尼耶(Nancy Messonnier)的言論損害了市場 - Nancy Messonnier's comments tank the market.
道鐘斯指數下跌1000點 1,000 point drop in the DOW.
- 隨著擔憂蔓延 股市大幅下跌 - Stocks fall sharply as fears spread
這種漫延中的冠狀病毒將減緩全球經濟 that growing coronavirus will slow the global economy.
- 這實際上是一種恐慌 - It was essentially a kind of freak out.
- 股票市場再次遭受打擊 - The stock market taking another beating
美國疾病控制與預防中心發出嚴厲警告 after a sharp new warning from the CDC.
還有今晚.. Also, tonight...
- 特朗普不喜歡驚訝 - Trump doesn't like to be surprised.
一個閃閃發光的 奇妙的東西 The one gleaming, wonderful thing
給他和他的顧問們帶來希望的 就是經濟 that was giving him and his advisors hope was the economy.
這就是銀彈 It was the silver bullet.
這就是他如何贏得第二個任期的關鍵 That was how he was going to win a second term.
再加上梅索尼耶的威脅 That, combined with Messonnier's threat
關閉這個國家 of what she was suggesting-- shut the country down--
“你在說什麼 "You're saying something
”這會威脅到經濟 "that's gonna threaten the economy,
準確的說 威脅我的連任” and by definition, threaten my reelection."
飛回來要18個小時 It's an 18-hour flight back.
等到特朗普著陸的時候 By the time Trump lands,
整件事都失控了 他很生氣 the whole thing had spun out of control, and he was livid.
他打電話給亞曆克斯 · 阿紮爾來叫醒他 He calls up Alex Azar, wakes him up,
對他大喊大叫 發生了什麼 screaming at him-- what had happened?
“你認識南茜 · 梅索尼耶嗎 "Do you know Nancy Messonnier
把人們嚇得屁滾尿流? ” had scared the shit out of people?"
- 疾控中心昨天說他們認為這是不可避免的 - The CDC said yesterday that they believe it's inevitable
病毒會在美國傳播 that the virus will spread in the United States,
這不是如果的問題 而是時間的問題 and it's not a question of if, but when.
你同意這個評價嗎 Do you agree with that assessment?
- 不管發生什麼 我們都準備好了 - Whatever happens, we're totally prepared.
我們有世界上最好的人才 We have the best people in the world.
值得注意的是 narrator: Notably missing
來自”世界上最好的人” from "the best people in the world"
就是 Nancy Messonnier 醫生 was Dr. Nancy Messonnier.
- 她說那句話的時候我一點也不驚訝 - It didn't surprise me that the moment she said that,
她會被逐出那個舞臺 that she would be removed from that platform.
- 我現在就要宣佈 - I'm going to be announcing exactly right now
我要讓副總統邁克 · 彭斯 that I'm gonna be putting our Vice President, Mike Pence,
負責 in charge.
我想請邁克 · 彭斯說幾句話 I'm gonna ask Mike Pence to say a few words, please.
謝謝 邁克 Thank you. Mike?
- 和 Nancy Messonnier 的那一幕之後 - After the episode with Nancy Messonnier,
當彭斯的團隊接替阿紮爾的時候 when Pence's team takes over from Azar,
本質上 資訊被控制住了 essentially the message gets contained.
- 一點也不 - Not in the least.
我很高興能得到副總統的幫助 I was delighted that I get to have the Vice President helping
以這種方式 in this way.
很高興 當然 Delighted. Absolutely.
現在在特別團隊的指揮下 narrator: Now at the helm of the task force,
彭斯迅速推出了黛博拉 · 比爾克斯 Pence promptly promoted Deborah Birx,
一個醫生和一個外交官 成為一個發言人 a doctor and a diplomat, to be a spokesperson.
- Birx 博士是我們在白宮的得力助手 -Dr. Birx, who is our right arm at the White House on this,
坦白說 世界頂尖專家之一 and frankly, one of the leading experts in the world
在傳染病上 我認為... on infectious disease, I think is...
彭斯信任 Birx narrator: Pence trusted Birx
因為她的基督教信仰和政治本能 on account of her Christian faith and political instincts.
她成為了一個白宮感興趣的人的首選代言人 She'd become a go-to-explainer for a White House interested
包裝科學以服務於黨派目標 in packaging science to serve partisan goals.
- 我們真的很想瞭解 - We really want to understand
病毒傳播的地方我們必須保護誰 where the virus is spreading, who we have to protect,
誰是最脆弱的 who's the most vulnerable.
這很容易理解 narrator: That would have been easy to understand
如果有一個全國性的測試程式 if there had been a national testing program,
但是依然停滯 but that was still stalled.
而世界各地的國家 While countries all over the world
正在測試數以千計的病例 were testing thousands of cases,
美國每天的核子試驗還不到100次 the United States was testing fewer than 100 a day.
- 在那個階段 全國僅有的實驗室 - At that stage, the only labs across the country
可以合法檢測出 COVID的 that could legally test for COVID
是幾個公共衛生實驗室 were a few public health laboratories
以及疾控中心本身 and the CDC itself.
- 挫折感正在沸騰 - The frustration was just boiling over,
我記得去參加這些會議 and I remember going to these meetings
我們的臨床實驗室主任 with our clinical lab director,
她正在和食品藥品管理局和疾病控制中心通電話 and she'sliterally on the phone with the FDA and the CDC
比如”你得幫幫我們! 你得幫幫我們” like, "You need to help us! You need to help us."
差不多一個月後 narrator: After almost a month
全國各地的實驗室都無法進行測試 of labs across the country being unable to test,
特朗普政府終於做出了決定 the Trump Administration finally made a decision
可以提前幾個星期 it could have made weeks earlier.
- 2月26日 - On February 26th,
美國食品藥品管理局和疾病控制中心制定了戰略 the FDA and the CDC laid out the strategy,
那就是我們能夠站起來並且運行 and that was that we would be able to get up and running
通過使用原始的測試工具 by using the original test kit,
而是通過排除 N3組分 but by throwing out the N3 component.
- 一夜之間 你知道 - Overnight with, you know,
在一些紙上劃掉一些線 with some crossing out of lines on some paper,
同樣的測試包已經運出 the same test kits that had been shipped out
公共衛生實驗室的工作都是正常的 to the state public health labs were functional.
修改歐盟協議的日期是2月26日 星期三 That amended EUA was Wednesday, February 26th,
你可以看到在美國的測試曲線 and you can watch the testing curve in the United States.
我的意思是 它真的沒有開始上升 I mean it really didn't start going up
直到那個星期 until that week.
在華盛頓州的國家實驗室裡 Here in Washington State at the state lab,
他們第一次就得到了肯定的結果 they had positive results the very first time
他們進行了授權測試 they performed authorized tests.
在絕望的懇求之後 narrator: After desperate pleas
從醫療保健提供者那裡 from health care providers,
美國食品藥品監督管理局也放寬了規定 the FDA also relaxed regulations and
讓製造商和醫院實驗室使用他們自己的測試 let manufacturers and hospital labs use their own tests.
但是這一切都太少 太晚了 But it was too little, too late.
這種疾病已蔓延到全國一半的州 The disease had spread to half the states in the country.
而且檢測試劑也供不應求 And test kits were in such short supply
他們僅限於 that they were limited to patients
遵守了疾控中心嚴格的指導方針的病人 who met rigid guidelines set by the CDC.
- 在早期 我們的測試僅限於 - Early on, our testing was limited to people
來自中國的人 或者接觸過 who had traveled from China, or they had had contact
2019冠狀病毒疾病檢測呈陽性的人 with someone who was known tested positive for COVID-19.
在我們的指導方針中寫道 So written in our guidelines,
因為我們的測試供應緊張 by necessity because we had a strained testing supply,
它的設計是為了避免社區傳播 it was designed to miss community transmission,
也就是說傳播 meaning transmission that happens
在整個社區發生而與旅遊無關 throughout the community that's not connected to travel,
我們知道某一時刻是會發生的 that we know at some point's gonna happen.
就好像我們在這個區域尋找 And it's like we're looking in this area,
而且我們知道傳播會發生的 and we know that transmission's gonna happen
在這裡 我們會遺漏的 over here, and we're gonna miss it
因為我們不能做測試 because we can't test for it.
- 2月27日 - On February 27th,
新的測試建議出來了 the new testing recommendations came out.
- 你能把口罩摘了嗎 - Do you mind removing the mask?
這樣可以嗎 -哦 不 一點也不 Is that okay? - Oh, no, not at all.
不知道你們的交戰規則是什麼 所以.. Didn't know what your rules of engagement were there, so...
新增加的是這條線 上面寫著 The new addition was this line that said,
“如果你患有嚴重的下呼吸道肺炎 "If you have severe lower respiratory pneumonia,
“嚴重肺炎或 ARDS-- "severe pneumonia or ARDS--
“急性呼吸窘迫症候群-- "Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome--
你應該考慮做個測試” you should consider testing."
根據最新的指引 With the updated guidelines,
我們在兩個人進行了測試 we initiated testing in two individuals,
這兩個人的檢測結果都呈陽性 and both of those individuals tested positive.
所以那天晚上我們找回了前兩個人 So that evening after we got the first two back,
我們環顧重症監護室說 we looked around the intensive care unit and said,
“好吧 還有誰得了肺炎 "Okay, who else is sick with pneumonia
”尚未被診斷出患有流感 "that has not been diagnosed with influenza
或者其他呼吸道病毒? ” or another respiratory virus?"
我們選擇了另外九個人 And we selected nine more individuals.
結果顯示 其中有8例對 COVID呈陽性反應 Eight of those turned out to be positive for COVID.
這是一個令人震驚的發現 It was an astounding revelation.
揭露是 在遵守測試協議的條件下 narrator: The revelation was that while testing protocols
疾病卻在無法控制地蔓延 were on hold, the disease had spread uncontrollably,
這將導致經濟災難 which would lead to economic disaster
以及成千上萬人的生命喪失 and loss of tens of thousands of lives.
- COVID真正的問題是 是不是死了更多的人 - The real question is, did more people die?
造成了更多的混亂和經濟問題 Did more dislocation and economic problems
和社會變革有必要嗎 and societal change have to happen than did?
在我們的報告中 The period that in our reporting
我們稱之為”失落的一個月” that we have called "The Lost Month,"
就是那個時候 that really was the time
發生在美國的事情 when things happened in the United States
比發生在別處的要慢得多 much more slowly than they happened in,
比如說 韓國 for example, South Korea,
然後就無法控制了 and it became impossible to do containment.
因為美國沒能控制住病毒 narrator: Because the U.S. failed to contain the virus,
州政府開始關閉 state governments moved to lockdowns
以避免失控蔓延 to avoid runaway contagion
防止醫院不堪重負 and to prevent hospitals from being overwhelmed.
超過100,000家小企業將關閉 再也不會重新開張 Over 100,000 small businesses would close and never reopen.
700萬美國人將會感染這種疾病 7 million Americans would be infected by the disease.
但是在二月下旬 政府拒絕了 But back in late February, the government refused
面對即將到來的清算 to confront the reckoning that was about to come.
- 我們做了一件了不起的工作 -We have done an incredible job.
我們將繼續 We're going to continue.
總有一天它會消失的 It's going to disappear one day.
就像奇跡一樣 它會消失的 It's like a miracle. It will disappear.
- 還引用了總統的話 - The president is also quoted by saying,
我們所說的病毒 "The virus we're talking about having to do,
“你知道 很多人認為它會在4月份消失 "you know, a lot of people think it goes away in April
隨著氣溫升高 with the heat."
福西博士 這種情況會在四月份消失嗎 Dr. Fauci, does this go away in April?
- 如果它的作用類似流感 - If it acts like influenza,
熱量實際上會使它的衝擊力減弱 the heat will actually make it diminish in its impact,
但是我們不知道會發生什麼 but we have no way of knowing how it's gonna act.
- 疾控中心是否同意這是個問題 - Does the CDC agree that this is a problem
不需要干預就能解決的問題嗎 that is going to go away without intervention?
- 我覺得應該先假設 - I think it's prudent to assume
這種病原體會在未來的一段時間內伴隨我們 that this pathogen will be with us for some time to come.
- 總統表示對這個團隊有信心 - The President's expressing confidence this team,
這個國家的公共衛生基礎設施 the public health infrastructure in this country,
州政府和地方政府 我們可以解決這個問題 state and local, that we can deal with this.
我們會為此做好準備 我們會共同努力 We will prepare for this. We will work together on this.
他試圖安撫公眾 He's trying to calm a public that--
我們在中國看到 恐慌可以像病毒一樣成為大敵 we see in China, panic can be as big of an enemy as virus
在這種情況下 in these situations,
所以總是有一種平衡 and so there is always that balance to--
- 部長先生 我也不想因此而恐慌 - Mr. Secretary, I don't want to panic over this either.
股票市場正在崩潰 The stock market's crashing.
他完全反駁 He's outright contradicting
你們剛才說的一切 everything that you all have just said.
完全矛盾 Outright contradiction!
- 我覺得他在表達自信 - I think he's expressing confidence in--
- 沒有任何醫學依據 - With no medical basis for it!
這就是你剛才向我們解釋的 That's what you've just explained to us.
得了吧 先生 Come on, sir.
- 這位先生的時間到了 - The gentleman's time has expired.
你為總統做了很好的工作 部長先生 You're doing a great job for the president, Mr. Secretary.
- 現在民主黨人 - Now the Democrats are
將冠狀病毒政治化 politicizing the coronavirus.
你知道吧 冠狀病毒 You know that right? Coronavirus.
我的一個手下走過來對我說 One of my people came up to me and said,
“總統先生 他們想打敗你 "Mr. President, they tried to beat you
在俄羅斯問題上 俄羅斯 俄羅斯 "on Russia, Russia, Russia.
他們試圖進行彈劾騙局 ” They tried the impeachment hoax."
這是他們的新惡作劇 And this is their new hoax.
到目前為止 And so far,
我們沒有人死於冠狀病毒 we have lost nobody to coronavirus
在美國 in the United States.
沒有人 Nobody.
第二天 這將改變 narrator: The next day, that would change.
今天 西雅圖和國王郡的公共衛生部門宣佈 Today, Public Health--Seattle and King County--is announcing
三宗新型冠狀病毒假定陽性個案 three new presumptive positive cases of novel coronavirus,
2019冠狀病毒疾病 包括一名死者 COVID-19, including one person who died.
- 我們已向死者家屬表示哀悼 - We have expressed our condolences to the families
那個已經去世的人 of the individual who has passed away.
這是最早診斷出來的兩個病人之一 It was one of the first two patients diagnosed,
那是我的病人 我們看到的未來 it was my patient, and all we saw was a future
只是像這樣的重病患者 of extremely ill individuals like this.
所以這是一個具有挑戰性的時刻 So it was a challenging moment,
這是一個令人畏懼的時刻 a daunting moment, to come to that realization.
- 今天 華盛頓州的衛生官員 - Today, health officials in Washington State
宣佈了四個新的死亡 使總數達到六個 announced four new deaths, bringing the total to six,
都在西雅圖地區 all in the Seattle area.
三月初 華盛頓州金縣 narrator: By early March, King County, Washington
已經成為美國冠狀病毒的中心 had become the epicenter of the coronavirus in the U.S.
由於呵護生命療養院 due to the Lifecare Nursing Home.
- 他們不接電話 線路占線 - They're not answering the phones, the lines are busy.
所有的家庭都很擔心 All the families are really worried,
不知道我們所愛的人是否還活著 not knowing if our loved ones are even alive.
- 那是一個模糊的事件 - It was a blur of activity.
我們意識到我們的醫院 We realized that our hospital
現在只是冰山一角 was now the tip of the iceberg.
我們很快就發現了那座冰山的深度 We soon found out how deep that iceberg went.
因為測試工具短缺 narrator: Because test kits were in short supply,
只有接近危險的呼吸衰竭病人 access was limited to patients
才允許使用 who were dangerously close to respiratory failure.
死亡人數開始上升 The death count began to rise.
COVID病毒開始傳播 COVID began spreading
給醫護人員和急救人員 to health care workers and first responders.
- 工作環境使他們面臨更大的風險 - The job situation put them at increased risk.
療養院裡的護士助理 Nurses' aides in nursing homes
沒有防護設備或訓練 without the protective equipment or training
他們需要安全和保障 they needed to be safe and secure.
有工作的個人 Individuals who have jobs
被認為是必不可少的工作 that were considered essential jobs,
他們在整理雜貨店的貨架 they're stocking grocery shelves
幫助社區清理垃圾 and helping to pick up trash in communities
清掃街道 and sweep the streets.
雖然許多富裕的美國人 narrator: While many affluent Americans
在家用電腦工作 worked on computers at home,
低收入的基本工人 low-paid essential workers,
許多人沒有口罩 也沒有能力保持距離 many without masks and the ability to distance,
聚集在被病毒污染的地方 were jammed into sites of contagion
比如配送站工業化 農場 工廠 like delivery depots, industrial farms, factories,
殯儀館 還有肉類加工廠 funeral homes, and meatpacking plants.
如果按職業劃分疾病的影響 If the impact of the disease was divided by occupation,
它也因年齡和種族不同而區分 it was also sundered by age and race.
- 我奶奶以前常說 - My grandmother used to say,
“你知道 當這個國家得了流感 "You know, when the country gets the flu,
黑人會得肺炎” black people get pneumonia."
在我們的圈子裡 眾所周知 我們的結果更糟糕 It's well-known in our circles that we have worse outcomes
當涉及到許多不同的疾病時 when it comes to a lot of these different diseases,
其中一部分是因為系統性的種族歧視 you know, and part of that is systemic racism.
其中很大一部分是獲得醫療保健 A lot of it is access to healthcare.
- 如果你有錢 你可以得到最好的醫療保健 - If you have the money, you can get the best healthcare
但如果沒有這些資源 in the world, but without those resources,
你沒有得到足夠的照顧和些微的照顧 you have inadequate care and sporadic care.
所以任何一種疾病的傳播都是最嚴重的 So any kind of disease spread then falls hardest
在那些已經有健康風險的社區 on communities that are already at a health risk.
- 我們要對付的是什麼 - What are we dealing with?
這種冠狀病毒 COVID-19冠狀病毒 With this coronavirus, COVID-19?
- 我們面對的顯然是一個新興傳染病 - We're dealing with clearly an emerging infectious disease
現在已經達到了疫情爆發的程度 that has now reached outbreak proportions
以及可能的流行病比例 and likely pandemic proportions.
- 「大公主號」郵輪已停泊 - The "Grand Princess" Cruise Ship has been moored
在加利福尼亞海岸附近 off the coast of California.
我要讚揚我們海岸警衛隊的努力 I want to commend the efforts of our Coast Guard
把冠狀病毒的測試 that heroically flew coronavirus tests
帶到船上去 to the ship.
其中21人對冠狀病毒呈陽性反應 21 tested positive for the coronavirus.
在他去週末旅行的路上 narrator: On his way to a weekend trip
到了 Mar-a-Lago 特朗普在疾控中心停了一下 to Mar-a-Lago, Trump made a stop at the CDC.
- 看著總統離開 - Watching the president go
疾病控制中心 to the Centers for Disease Control,
他和一個記者討論過 he discussed with a reporter
其中一艘遊輪還在海上 the fact that one of the cruise ships was still offshore.
- 我寧願讓他們留下來 - I'd rather have them stay on
因為我喜歡數字停在這個位置 because I like the numbers being where they are.
我不需要數位翻翻 I don't need to have the numbers double
就因為一艘船 because of one ship.
- 我第一次想到 - For the first time, it occurred to me
美國政府 that the government of the United States
是在故意拖慢檢測 was intentionally slow walking testing.
- 在我們這片廣闊的土地上 - In this big vast land of ours,
這個偉大的國家 我們有240個案例 this great country of ours, we have 240 cases.
大多數人都會沒事的 Most of those people are gonna be fine.
絕大多數都會好起來的 The vast majority are going to be fine.
我們已經死了11個人了 We've had 11 deaths.
- 我們所有的國家實驗室 - All of our state labs
現在有能力測試這種病毒 now have the ability to test for this virus--
- 而且他們已經在做了 - And they have had.
實際上測試非常棒 The testing has been amazing, actually,
他們能夠生產出來的東西 what they've been able to produce
在這麼短的時間內 in such a short period of time.
任何想要測試的人都可以得到測試 Anybody that wants a test can get a test.
任何想要測試的人都知道那是謊言 narrator: Anybody who wanted a test knew that was a lie.
只是找到一種裝置是很難的 Just finding a facility was hard.
患有這種疾病的人被拒絕接受檢查 People with the disease were denied tests
由於供應拖後 on account of supply backlogs,
這也導致了結果的延遲 which also caused delays in results.
第二天 特朗普打高爾夫球的時候 The next day, while Trump golfed,
彭斯和雷德菲爾德去了美國郵輪公司 Pence and Redfield went to Cruise Lines of America.
- 我們都認識到最近的挑戰 - We all recognize the recent challenges
”鑽石公主”號 on the "Diamond Princess,"
以及”大公主”號的挑戰 and the ongoing challenge with the "Grand Princess,"
我們要確保美國人民 and we want to ensure that the American people
和我們一樣可以繼續對付冠狀病毒 can continue as we deal with the coronavirus
去享受郵輪業的機遇 to enjoy the opportunities in the cruise line industry
充滿自信 and be confident.
- 我不會鼓勵任何人 - I would not encourage anyone
此刻改變他們的計畫 to change their plans at this point
基於佛羅里達的流行病學考慮 based on what the epidemiology is here in Florida.
他們應該享受狄斯奈樂園 They should enjoy Disneyland.
他們應該好好享受佛羅里達的休閒時光 They should enjoy the rest of Florida.
- 如此這樣 - There is this back and forth,
醫務人員說我們需要認真對待這件事 the medical folks saying we need to take this seriously,
我們需要積極進取 we need to be aggressive,
經濟學家們反駁說 “是的 但是... ... ” the economic folks pushing back and saying, "Yeah, but..."
Fauci 會走上前來回答問題 Fauci would march up and answer questions.
- 你相信人們 - Do you believe that people,
即使他們很健康 也應該上游輪嗎 even if they're healthy, should get onboard a cruise ship?
- 我強烈建議 - I would recommend strongly
他們不能上游輪 that they do not go on a cruise ship.
- 然後特朗普或者彭斯就會回來 - And then Trump or Pence would come back
有點反駁他的意思 and sort of contradict him.
- 我們要和郵輪業合作 - We're gonna work with the cruise line industry
提高安全性 to improve the safety,
改善郵輪的健康環境 improve the health environment on cruise lines.
- 坦白說 測試進行得非常順利 - Frankly, the testing has been going very smooth.
如果你找對了代理商 If you go to the right agency,
如果你走對了地方 就能拿到測試 if you go to the right area, you get the test.
- 你願意承認有一個嚴重的問題嗎 - Will you admit that there is a serious problem
在這個國家 in this country
獲准進行冠狀病毒測試 obtaining access to testing for coronavirus?
- 我的同事看著我回答這個問題 - My colleague is looking at me to answer that.
- 我們走 -好的 Here we go. - Okay.
- 這個系統沒有真正配合好 - The system is not really geared
來提供我們現在需要的東西 to what we need right now.
那是個失敗-失敗 是的 That is a failing. - A failing, yes.
- 這是個失敗 -我們承認吧 - It is a failing. Let's admit it.
- 福西博士本周早些時候說過 - Dr. Fauci said earlier this week
實際上 測試的滯後是一個失敗 that the lag in testing was, in fact, a failing.
你對此負責嗎 Do you take responsibility for that?
- 嗯 不 我一點也不負責 - Yeah, no, I don't take responsibility at all.
我們做得很好 We're doing a great job.
我們現在有40個案例 40個 Yeah, we have 40 people right now--40.
與其他國家比較 Compare that with other countries
數量是這個數字的很多很多倍 that have many, many times that amount.
為了防止新的病例進入我們國家 To keep new cases from entering our shores,
我們將暫停所有來自歐洲的旅行 we will be suspending all travel from Europe
在未來的30天裡 都會去美國 to the United States for the next 30 days.
有一個問題 narrator: There was a problem
特朗普突然發佈旅行禁令 with Trump's sudden travel ban--
它沒有附加任何計畫 it had no plan attached.
- 如果我們真的回到美國 會發生什麼 - If we do get back to the U.S., then what happens?
我們要進隔離區嗎 要回家嗎 Do we go into quarantine? Do we go home?
回國的美國人湧入美國機場 narrator: Returning Americans flooded U.S. airports,
他們擠在臨時的 COVID 檢查站裡 where they were jammed in makeshift COVID checkpoints.
那是傳染病蔓延的最佳條件 They were perfect conditions for more contagion,
隨著來自歐洲的旅行者將病毒傳播到美國 as travelers from Europe spread the virus into the U.S.
- 從一開始就向紐約人傳遞的資訊是 - The message to New Yorkers from the beginning has been,
“這是我們所有人都能共同應對的事情 "This is something we all can handle together.
過你們自己的生活 做你們自己的事 ” Go about your lives. Go about your business."
- 州長確認 - The Governor confirming
這種冠狀病毒已經傳到了曼哈頓 that coronavirus has arrived here in Manhattan.
- 冠狀病毒繼續傳播 今晚庫默州長 - The coronavirus spreads tonight as Governor Cuomo
宣佈紐約又有五個陽性病例 announces five more positive cases in New York.
- 確診個案達121宗 - The number of confirmed cases has reached 121.
- 今天 Cuomo 州長宣佈了一項禁令 - Today, Governor Cuomo announcing a ban
任何500人以上的集會 on any gatherings of 500 people or more.
- 紐約有613宗冠狀病毒確診個案 - And 613 confirmed cases of coronavirus in New York.
這比其他任何一個州都多 That is more than any other state.
- 我很高興看到你在練習社交距離 - I'm glad to see that you're practicing social distancing.
看起來很不錯 That looks very nice.
我們正在為每個美國人宣佈新的指導方針 We're announcing new guidelines for every American to follow.
避免10人以上的團體聚會 Avoid gathering in groups of more than 10 people,
避免在酒吧 餐館吃喝 and avoid eating and drinking in bars, restaurants.
- 如果每個美國人都按我們說的做 -And if everybody in America does what we ask for,
我們會看到巨大的差異 we will see a dramatic difference,
這樣我們就不用擔心呼吸機了 and we won't have to worry about the ventilators,
不用擔心重症監護病房的床位了 and we won't have to worry about the ICU beds.
- 我們的數量在爆炸性增長 - Our volume is just exploding.
走廊裡太多人了 We have so many people in the hallways.
- 大約一天前 我們給14個人安裝了呼吸機 - A day or so ago, we put 14 people on ventilators.
- 白思豪市長說有100個新病例 - Mayor de Blasio says that there have been 100 new cases
僅在今天這個城市 in the city today alone.
- 所以我們今天要發佈一個行政命令 - So we're going to put out an executive order today.
紐約州暫停 New York State on pause.
- 1千9百萬紐約人被要求呆在家裡 - 19 million New Yorkers are being asked to stay at home
越多越好 as much as possible.
- 現在已經超過85,000例確診病例 - Now topping 85,000 confirmed cases
超過1400人死亡 and more than 1,400 deaths.
- 我不想這麼說 但這是真的 - I hate to say this, but it's true--
我們現在是這場危機的中心 we are now the epicenter of this crisis
就在這個國家最大的城市 right here in the nation's largest city.
- 如果這種情況持續一 兩 或三個月 - And if this goes on for a month, or two, or three,
或者像中國那樣五個月 我們沒有我們需要的東西 or five like it did in China, we don't have what we need.
- 這不是一個註定要被關閉的國家 - This is not a country that was built to be shut down.
我們不能讓解藥比問題更糟糕 We're not gonna let the cure be worse than the problem.
擔心經濟 narrator: Worried about the economy,
特朗普試圖限制關閉 Trump tried to limit shutdowns,
但是病毒已經失控了 but the virus was out of control.
截至今年4月 已有超過3000名紐約人死亡 By April, over 3,000 New Yorkers had died,
超過了911的死亡人數 surpassing the death toll of 9/11.
重症監護室容納不下無法呼吸的病人 ICUs were over capacity with patients who couldn't breathe.
呼吸機短缺 Ventilators were in short supply,
許多得病的人都沒能活下來 and many of those who got them did not survive.
- 我們已經看到了流行病 - We had seen the pandemic
真的在紐約市漫延了 was really taking off in New York City.
我們在維吉尼亞州的中部地區 We were in a central area of Virginia
那裡沒有大量的人口 where there's not a huge population,
就像在一個海濱城市 and it was like being on a coastal city
你聽說了一場地震 and you hear about an earthquake
在海外發生的 that happens offshore.
你知道海嘯就要來了 You know that a tsunami is coming.
你只是不知道什麼時候會發生 You just don't know when it's gonna happen
會有多嚴重 and how severe it's gonna be.
- 一個美國海軍陸戰隊員在維吉尼亞州 - A U.S. Marine in Virginia
冠狀病毒檢測呈陽性反應 has tested positive for the coronavirus.
這是維吉尼亞州第一個陽性病例 This is the first positive case in Virginia,
這是我們所知道的 and here's what we know.
- 我記得有一天 我在Covid 重症監護病房 - I remember one day, I was rounding in our COVID ICU,
我們的單元結構有點像 V and our unit is structured kind of like a V,
這邊有一個翅膀 那邊有一個 so there's one wing here, another wing over there.
你知道 這些都是病得最重的病人 And you know, these are some of the sickest patients
我這輩子所接待過的 I've ever taken care of in my life.
他們用呼吸機 透析機 They're on breathing machines, dialysis machines.
他們需要大量的藥物 They are needing lots of medicines
才能讓他們鎮靜下來 to keep them sedated and calm.
我正在努力熬過早上的巡房 And I'm trying to get through morning rounds,
我看到一翼 and I see that on one wing,
幾乎都是西班牙裔的姓 it's almost all Hispanic last names.
然後 在另一翼 And then, on the other wing,
幾乎都是黑人的名字 it's almost all Black names.
我是在離工作地點一小時路程的地方長大的 I grew up an hour away from where I'm working.
這些是伴隨我成長的姓氏 These are the family names that I grew up with,
我認識這些家庭 and I know these families.
我只是想把注意力集中在醫學部分 And I just was trying to focus on the medical part
剛剛度過難關 and just getting through it,
但我感到胸口有壓力 but I just felt this weight on my chest.
我是美國的黑人男性 I'm a Black male in the United States
我的家人都有慢性病 and my family members have chronic diseases
在高概率下 at high rates,
我這輩子都在面對這個問題 and I've been dealing with this my whole life.
現在我有個家庭成員感染了結腸炎 And now I have family members who are contracting COVID.
那些是微笑 擁抱 眼淚和烤肉 Those are smiles and hugs and tears and barbeques.
它們不是紙上的數字 They're not numbers on a paper.
春天以後 narrator: Through the spring,
死亡人數將上升到10萬 the death toll would rise to 100,000.
這是一個可怕的標記 It was a terrifying marker
因為美國的反應失敗 for the failure of the American response.
美國人口占世界人口的4% The U.S. was 4% of the world's population
以及20% 的死亡病例 and 20% of the deaths from the virus.
儘管不採取行動會帶來致命的後果 Despite the fatal consequences of inaction,
政府無法解決基本問題 the government could not solve basic problems
比如試驗用品 like supplies for test kits.
- 年月 我們開始看到全球供應鏈 - In March, we started to see the global supply chain
真的很麻煩 really get jammed up.
所以是提取工具 棉簽 So it was extraction kits, swabs.
- 棉簽的主要生產商 - The major producer of swabs
在 Lombardy 地區 is in the Lombardy region of Italy.
當時義大利剛剛進入一級防範狀態 And Italy had just gone on lockdown,
棉簽公司在禁飛區 and the swabs company was in a no-fly zone,
所以美國的供應基本上是 so the U.S. supply is basically going--
慢慢停下來 grinding to a halt.
- 每一步我們都遇到了一個問題 - Every single step of the way, we've encountered an issue
或者是供應鏈的問題 or a problem with the supply chain.
- 潛在的供應鏈問題 - Potential supply chain problems
在《深紅傳染病》中得到了證實 had been identified in "Crimson Contagion."
重點是測試用品和救生的個人防護用品 The focus was on testing supplies and lifesaving PPE.
最關鍵的物品是 N95面具 The most critical items needed were N95 masks,
他們為醫護人員提供的緊身衣和緊身網 whose firm fit and tight mesh offered healthcare workers
對疾病的真正保護 real protection from the disease.
- 我們估計了 N95防毒面具的數量 -We had estimated the number of N95 respirators
那是必須的 that would be needed.
這個數字是35億 That number was 3 1/2 billion.
我們只有一小部分 And we had a fraction
我們需要的儲備 of what we would need in the stockpile.
所有這些都有五年的保質期 And all of those had a five-year shelf life,
還有很多 and a lot of those,
大概是10年前買的 they were purchased almost ten years ago.
- 儘管有伊波拉 儘管有寨卡病毒 儘管有 H1N1 - Despite Ebola, despite Zika, despite H1N1,
為防疫病毒填滿國家儲備 filling up the national stockpile for some virus
我們都不知道會不會發生 that we don't even know is ever gonna come
從來都不是首要任務 has never been the top priority.
你可以說奧巴馬政府做得還不夠 You can say the Obama Administration didn't do enough
讓下一屆政府做好準備 to leave the next administration prepared.
你也可以說”這倒是真的 You can also say, "Well, that's true,
但特朗普政府有三年半的時間 ” but the Trump Administration had three and a half years."
- 國家戰略儲備的目的不是 - The Strategic National Stockpile was not intended
我們需要的所有東西 來應對整個危機 to be everything that we would need for an entire crisis.
我認為在一月中旬 美國政府 I think in mid-January, the U.S. government
應該看看那些儲備的 should have been looking at the stockpile
看看裡面有什麼 to see what was in it
以及我們如何轉向製造更多 and how we were gonna pivot to manufacture more.
我們應該好好談談的 We should have been having the conversation
關於一月的國防生產法案 about the Defense Production Act in January.
- 有人說要動用戰爭力量 - There's talk of invoking war powers
要求美國公司生產一些產品 to require U.S. companies to manufacture some goods.
- 沒錯 - That's right,
這就是國防生產法案 so that's called the Defense Production Act.
我相信它是存在的 I believe it came into existence
在朝鮮戰爭期間 during the Korean War.
實際上 我們可以確定 Effectively, we can determine
我們的作品應該排在最前面 that our production should get to the front of the line.
如果需要的話 我們會使用它 但顯然我們-- We'll use it if we need to, but we obviously--
如果我們能和任何供應商合作 if we can work cooperatively with any vendor,
我們寧願這麼做 we'd rather do that.
“讓市場發揮它的魔力 ” narrator: "Let the market work its magic."
這就是阿紮爾和特朗普的指導思想 That was the guiding philosophy for Azar and Trump,
但他們的反政府策略 but their anti-government strategy
忽視了基本的供求規律 ignored basic rules of supply and demand.
- 沒有美國政府的大量訂單 - Without a large order from the United States government,
這些公司真的沒有什麼動機 there really wasn't an incentive for these companies
開始最大化他們的生產量 to start maximizing their throughput.
我收到了邁克 · 鮑恩的報告 他是為數不多的 I was getting reports from Mike Bowen, one of the few
口罩和防毒面具的生產商 remaining producers of face masks and respirators
在美國 in the United States
他掌握著供應鏈的脈搏 who had his finger on the pulse of the supply chain.
- 我是個推銷員 講一個沒人相信的故事 - I'm a salesman telling a story that nobody believes.
現在的情況是 美國的面具供應將會崩潰 The story is that the U.S. mask supply is gonna collapse
有人會死 and people are gonna die.
修理它並不需要花費太多的錢 It doesn't cost much to fix.
事情就是這樣 That's the story.
大約在2005年 所有主要的面具製造商都離開了這個國家 Around 2005, all of the major mask makers left the country.
它把美國的面具供應 It put the U.S. mask supply
掌握在外國人手中 in the hands of foreign control
在流行期間可能會被轉移注意力 and could be subject to diversion during a pandemic.
這就是我多年來一直警告的 And that's what I've been warning about for years.
我給巴拉克 · 奧巴馬寫了20封信 I wrote Barack Obama 20 letters.
“告訴美國的醫院 他們將會 "Tell America's hospitals that they are going to be
”處於無法保護員工的境地 "in a position to not be able to protect their staff
以及他們的病人” and their patients."
我把票投給了唐納德 · 特朗普 I voted for Donald Trump.
我想 “你知道 如果我聯繫足夠多的人 I thought, "You know, if I contact enough people
”在政府裡 某個人 這些人中的一個 "in the administration, somebody, one of these people
“會看著這個然後說 ‘嘿 這是個問題 "are gonna look at this and go, 'Hey, this is a problem.
也許我們應該給這傢伙打個電話 ” Maybe we ought to call this guy.'"
不 我不能得到任何-- And no, I couldn't get any--
我在那裡沒有得到任何回應 I didn't get any response there.
在一月 鮑恩的預言成真了 narrator: In January, Bowen's predictions came true.
在中國努力控制COVID爆發的同時 As China struggled to contain the outbreak of COVID,
它限制了 N95面具對美國的出口 it limited the export of N95 masks to the United States.
- 一月底 - At the end of January,
我收到來自世界各地的消息 I'm hearing from all over the world.
人們被面具嚇壞了 他們需要面具 People are freaking out about masks, and needing masks.
就在那時我聯繫上 Rick 說 And that's when I got ahold of Rick and said,
“嘿 這就是我在這裡看到的 "Hey, here's what I'm seeing out here.
這下糟了 ” This is gonna be bad."
- 他幾乎每天都敲響警鐘 - He was sounding the alarm bells almost every day.
- 我們不能保護美國人民 - We can't protect America's population.
太晚了 但我說我至少可以 That's too late, but I said I can at least make
足夠的口罩來保護美國的醫護人員 enough masks to protect America's healthcare workers.
我提醒他我們有四條呼吸器管道 I reminded him that we had these four respirator lines.
為了啟動它們 我們需要更多的人 原材料, To activate them we would need more people, raw materials,
緊急 NIOSH 批准 以及大型不可取消的訂單 emergency NIOSH approval, and large non-cancellable orders.
我知道我們國家有麻煩了 I see that our country's gonna have a problem,
我聯繫上 Rick 了 I get ahold of Rick.
- 我把所有的郵件都推了 - I pushed every one of those emails
直至國家戰略儲備 up to the Strategic National Stockpile
關鍵基礎設施小組 and Critical Infrastructure Team.
我讓他們想起了 H5N1病毒 I reminded them of the H5N1 scare,
人們爭相購買面具和囤積面具 when people rushed to buy masks and hoard masks.
我得到的回答是, The response I got was,
“我們將改變疾病控制和預防中心的指導方針 "We will just change the CDC guideline.
我們會告訴人們 不要這樣做 ” And we'll just tell people, don't do that."
- 基本上在三月份 他們意識到 - Basically in March, they realized
那些醫護人員 that the healthcare workers
沒有足夠的個人防護裝備 are not going to have enough PPE,
所以他們基本上是對公眾發出了警告 so they basically issued a warning to the public,
“不要使用口罩 ” "Do not use face masks."
- 你知不知道還有多少 N95面具 -Do you have any sense of how many more N95 masks
如果聯邦政府接納了你 你的股票就會上市 would be on the market had the federal government taken you up
你們關於恢復 N95生產線的提議 on your offer to reactivate N95 manufacturing lines
在一月 in January?
- 每月大約700萬台 N95防毒面具 - About 7 million N95 respirators per month.
- 我每天都拉警報 - I sounded the alarm every day
關於 N95防毒面具的短缺 about the shortage of N95 respirators,
我們什麼都沒做 and we were doing nothing.
- 熱點地區的人數繼續激增 - The numbers continue to surge in hotspots
比如加利福尼亞 密西根 路易斯安那 佛羅里達 like California, Michigan, Louisiana, Florida,
尤其是紐約 and especially, of course, New York.
醫療資源已經捉襟見肘 Medical resources are stretched to capacity
甚至更遠 and beyond.
- 我們保留了一些過時的 N95面具 - We had saved some outdated N95 masks
作為埃博拉應對措施的一部分 that were part of the Ebola response,
但我們很快就用完了補給 but quickly we ran out of those supplies,
所以我們只能湊合著過 so we had to make do.
- 我們收到的一些 N95面具 - Some of the N95 masks that we received
已經被儲存了很多年 had been in storage for years and years,
雖然面具本身運轉良好 and while the actual mask itself worked fine,
橡皮筋很脆 the rubber band was brittle.
所以房間裡有人 So there were people in the room
照顧病人的時候 面罩就突然脫落了 taking care of a patient, and the mask just snaps off.
- 疾病預防控制中心現正建議醫護人員 - The CDC is now advising healthcare workers
配給口罩使用過期口罩 to ration masks, to use expired masks,
甚至用頭巾或圍巾作為最後的手段 even use bandanas or scarves as a last resort.
- 我們的使用量增加了幾百倍 - Our usage increased by several hundredfold.
我們可以看到我們的設備供應急劇下降 We could see our equipment supply going down dramatically.
所以你要稍微收緊一點然後說 So you kind of clamp down a little bit and say, you know,
“我們要把它留到這些特殊的遭遇中 ” "We're gonna save it for these very specific encounters."
所以現在從一個醫護人員的角度來看 So now, from the perspective of a healthcare worker,
你在奪走我的安全 you're taking away my safety.
人們真正想要的是一個足夠大的供應 And what people really wanted was a big enough supply
所以任何認為自己有更高風險的人 so that anyone who felt that they were at a higher risk
可能是安全的 could be safe.
- 一個面具可戴12小時 - One mask to be worn for 12 hours.
這太荒謬了 It's just ridiculous.
沒有防護設備 長袍 No protective equipment, the gowns.
我們必須隨機應變 We have to improvise with what we have.
- 有人來縫面具縫盾牌 -We have people coming in sewing masks, sewing shields,
用塑膠做東西 making things out of plastics.
這就是我們現在所做的 This is what we're doing now? [scoffs]
我的意思是那就像一個士兵去打仗 I mean that would be like a soldier going to war
還做了一把塑膠槍帶在身上 and making a plastic gun to bring with him.
這就是正在發生的事 This is what's happening.
每一天 both: PPEs! all: Every day!
PPEs both: PPEs!
每一天 all: Every day!
- 我們每天都在社區裡打架 - We're here in the community fighting every day,
我們需要幫助 and we need some help.
在二月份 特朗普政府實際上 narrator: In February, the Trump Administration actually
創建了中國-科維採購服務公司 created the China-COVID Procurement Service
鼓勵像3M 這樣的美國製造商 to encourage American producers like 3M
賣掉他們所有的 N95口罩 to sell their entire inventories of N95 masks
去中國 to China.
當美國醫院急需 n95時 When American hospitals desperately needed N95s,
他們被迫進口 they were forced to import them
然後多付10倍的錢 and pay up to 10 times more
比美國生產商收取的價格要高 than the price charged by American producers.
- 雖然只有零星的個人防護裝備但我們還是盡力而為 - PPE has been sporadic, but we do what we have to do.
我們是護士 我們要學會適應 We're nurses, and we learn to adapt
完成工作 得到照顧 and to get the job done and get the care provided,
這就是我們要繼續做的 and that's what we're gonna continue to do.
- 對你來說是零星的 - Sporadic for you,
但對其他人來說不是零星的 but not sporadic for a lot of other people.
- 哦 不 我同意 總統先生 - Oh, no, I agree, Mr. President.
- 因為我聽到的恰恰相反 - Because I've heard the opposite.
我聽說他們現在有很多禮服 I've heard that they are loaded up with gowns now.
你知道 最初 我們一無所有 And you know, initially, we had nothing.
我們有空的櫥櫃 空的架子 We had empty cupboards. We had empty shelves.
我們什麼都沒有 因為它不是放在那裡的 We had nothing because it wasn't put there
被上屆政府 by the last administration.
- 在危機期間 - In the midst of the crisis,
特朗普總統在電視上說: “別擔心 President Trump goes on TV and says, "Don't worry.
我們為醫護人員配備了大量個人防護用品 ” We've got plenty of PPE for healthcare workers."
當你看到這些的時候 你的反應是什麼 What was your reaction when you saw that?
- 我知道我的反應是什麼 -I know what my reaction was.
我轉向我的妻子說 “這完全是胡扯 I turned to my wife and said, "That's complete bullshit.
他根本不知道自己在說什麼 ” He has no idea what he's talking about."
我每天收到500到1000封電子郵件 I'm getting 500 to 1,000 emails a day.
我收到的電子郵件來自人們 而不是企業 I'm getting emails from people, not businesses.
我收到了媽媽們的郵件 I'm getting emails from moms.
我收到老年人的郵件 “請給我發面具 ” I'm getting emails from old people, "Please send me masks."
但我不能 And I can't.
- 你生產的產品可以保護人們 - You make a product that can protect people.
- 我幫不了這些人 - I can't help all these people.
個人防護用品短缺持續了幾個月 narrator: The PPE shortage continued on for months,
即使在特朗普把他最信任的人之一 even after Trump put one of his most trusted
負責的家庭成員 family members in charge
購置防護設備 of procuring protective equipment.
- 年的今天 傑瑞德 · 庫什納組建了自己的特遣隊 - Jared Kushner formed his own task force
去拿補給 to get supplies.
這讓你困惑嗎 就像你.. Was that confusing? Like did you--
- 非常令人困惑 - It was extremely confusing.
- 總統想確保 - The president wanted to make sure
我們有最優秀的人才做最好的工作 that we had the best people doing the best jobs
確保我們有合適的人選 and making sure that we had the right people focused
所有該發生的事情 on all the things that needed to happen
確保我們能在這個非同尋常的時刻 to make sure that we can deliver in these unusual times
為了美國人民 for the American people.
- 我以前的老闆打電話給我說他聽到了 - My old boss called me and said he heard that
傑瑞德 · 庫什納的特遣部隊需要更年輕的志願者 Jared Kushner's task force needed younger volunteers
他們有一般的技能 並且願意 who had general skills and were willing
一周工作七天卻沒有錢, to work seven days a week for no money,
如果你符合這些標準 你就應該去華盛頓 and if you fit those criteria, that you should head to D.C.
幫助應對流感大流行 and help with the pandemic response.
我確實有些擔心 I definitely had some apprehension
為行政部門工作 about working for the administration,
但感覺像是鄉村 but it felt like the country
整個世界都在遭受攻擊 and the world were under attack.
看起來如果有什麼可以幫忙的 It seemed like if there was something to do to help,
這麼做是對的 that was the right thing to do.
他們基本上給了我們一天時間 They basically gave us a day
出現在聯邦應急管理局總部 to show up in D.C. at the FEMA Headquarters.
我們走進 a 會議室 We walked into Conference Room A,
就是這個沒有窗戶的地下會議室 which was this windowless, subterranean conference room.
牆上到處都是電視機 There were televisions all around the walls
都在播放福克斯新聞 all playing FOX News.
聯邦應急管理局一名代表 One representative from FEMA
還有一名軍方代表 and one representative from the military
說了幾句鼓勵的話 gave a quick pep talk.
他們一直在說“那些東西” 他們指的是個人防護用品 They kept saying "the stuff," and by that they meant PPE.
他們不停地說 “世界各地都有這樣的東西 And they kept saying, "There's stuff all around the world.
“美國有很多東西 我們需要 "There's stuff in the U.S., and we need
儘快送到醫院” to get it to hospitals as fast as possible."
每個人都站起來開始排隊進入不同的辦公室 Everyone stood up and started filing into different offices,
我記得只剩下志願者了 and I remember the only people left were the volunteers.
我們以為我們是輔助支援 We thought we would be auxiliary support
現有的採購團隊只需要 for an existing procurement team that just needed
儘快擴張 to be expanded as quickly as possible
我們會 你知道 為合同做資料登錄 and we would, you know, do data entry for contracts.
相反 我們是一個團隊 And instead, we were the team.
我認為當人們想像聯邦政府的反應時 I think when people imagined the federal government response
在作戰室 他們認為它會是這麼大 in the war room, they thought it would be this big,
你知道 充滿活力的專家組 you know, energized group of experts,
不是10個20歲的志願者 只用私人筆記型電腦 not ten 20-year-old volunteers all just with private laptops.
沒有行業關係 No industry relationships,
沒有供應鏈方面的工作經驗 no experience working in supply chain.
所以我們開始給我們認識的人發冷郵件 So we started cold-emailing people we knew
在中國有業務關係 who had business relationships in China,
在網上尋找工廠 looking for factories online,
然後通過我們的個人 Gmail 帳戶發送郵件 and emailing them from our personal Gmail accounts.
因為我們以前從沒這麼做過 Because we had never done this before,
你知道 有很多很基本的問題 you know, there were all these really basic questions
聯邦政府採購行動的運作方式 about how a federal procurement operation should work.
我們會給工廠打電話說 We would call factories and say,
“我們認為聯邦政府可以給你寄支票 "We think the federal government can send you a check
他們會說 in 60 days," and they would say,
”有人拿著一箱子現金 "There's someone with a briefcase of cash,
他們現在就要付錢給我” and they are offering to pay me right now."
我們在聯邦應急管理局的大樓裡跑來跑去 And we would run around the FEMA building
我們在找能告訴我們付款條件的人 looking for someone who could tell us what payment terms
聯邦政府被允許提供 the federal government was allowed to offer,
沒人告訴過我們 and no one ever told us.
我們工作了一個星期 幾個政府雇員 One week into our work, several government employees
走進房間 分發了保密協議 walked into the room and handed out NDAs
告訴我們必須簽保密協議 and told us we had to sign the NDAs
或者馬上離開房間 or leave the room immediately,
我們都建立了自己的關係 and we all had built our own relationships
和製造商合作感覺就像我們離開了 with manufacturers, and it felt like if we walked away,
這會對我們的能力產生負面影響 it would negatively affect our ability
來購買這種重要的救生設備 to buy this critical, lifesaving equipment.
所以我們都勉強簽署了保密協議 And so we all begrudgingly signed the NDA.
房間裡有電視機 In the room, there were those TVs
圍著牆播放新聞 all around the walls playing the news.
他們總是有一個死亡計數器 They always had a death counter.
所以我們每個小時都坐在那裡 And so every hour we were sitting there,
試圖購買我們都知道可以拯救生命的個人防護裝備 trying to buy PPE that we all knew could save lives,
我們觀察了美國的死亡人數 and we were watching the number of deaths in the U.S.
越來越高 越來越高 tick higher and higher and higher.
這讓我們所有人都感到沉重 And that weighed on all of us.
- 總統還指示我確保 - The president also instructed me to make sure
我打破了所有的障礙 that I break down every barrier needed
確保隊伍能夠成功 to make sure that the teams can succeed.
- 傑瑞德 · 庫什納第一次進來 - The first time Jared Kushner came into the room,
他有一大群隨從 他說 he had this big entourage, and he said,
“我希望盡可能地提高效率 "I want to make this as effective as possible.
告訴我你有什麼問題 "Tell me the problems that you have,
我今天就會解決這些問題 ” and I will solve them today."
我們說 “我們需要能夠預付 ” And we said, "We need to be able to pay upfront."
他說: “成交 ” And he said, "Done,"
但是我們沒有看到任何行動 but there was no action taken that we saw whatsoever.
在我做志願者的這段時間裡, In the entire time that I was a volunteer,
我們的團隊沒有直接購買一個面具 our team did not directly purchase a single mask.
旁白: 庫什納未能保護醫生和護士 narrator: Kushner failed to protect doctors and nurses,
但他願意用政府的幫助來交換 but he was willing to trade government help
為了政治利益 for political benefits.
當加州民主黨州長加文 · 紐森 When the Democratic Governor of California, Gavin Newsom,
急需測試棉簽 desperately needed testing swabs,
庫什納表示 特朗普將批准這一請求 Kushner said Trump would grant the request
有兩個條件: on two conditions:
紐森不得不接電話 Newsom would have to get on the phone
親自問問特朗普 and ask Trump personally
然後公開感謝他 and then thank him publicly.
- 我要感謝總統 -I want to thank the president,
不僅僅是因為你可以打電話 not only for being available for a phone call
但是如果你願意 at a moment's notice, but being willing
直接向加利福尼亞州的所有人承諾 to directly commit to all of us in the state of California.
建立在人際關係上 narrator: Built around personal relationships,
庫什納的特遣部隊由他的大學室友管理 Kushner's task force was run by his college roommate
伊萬卡 · 特朗普的前助理 and Ivanka Trump's former assistant.
而不是依靠經驗豐富的政府官員 Rather than rely on experienced public officials,
特別小組在試算表裡 把私人小費放在優先位置 the task force prioritized private tips in a spreadsheet
叫做”貴賓更新” called "VIP Update,"
其中包括兩名共和黨牙醫 which included two Republican dentists
以及福克斯新聞的個性 and a FOX News personality.
- 特別工作組的全部理念 - The whole philosophy of the task force
就是政府無法解決問題 was that the government can't get things done
他們認為私人市場 and they thought the private market
可以很大程度上解決這個問題 could largely settle this issue,
但只有一次他們嘗試過 但失敗了 but it was only once they had tried and failed
他們開始責怪其他人 that they'd started to blame other people and say,
“事實上 這一直都是你的工作 ” "Actually, this was your job the whole time."
在城市裡有這樣的例子他們快用完了 - You have instances where in cities, they're running out,
但是國家還有儲備 but the state still has a stockpile.
還有聯邦儲備的概念 And the notion of the federal stockpile
本來應該是我們的庫存 was it's supposed to be our stockpile.
這不應該是國家的儲備 It's not supposed to be states' stockpiles
然後他們使用 that they then use.
- 我的理解是唯一的原因 - My understanding is the only reason
聯邦儲備的存在是為了分發給各州 the federal stockpile exists is to distribute it to states.
- 專案組的負責人說, - The people in charge on the task force said,
你知道 談到總統.. you know, talking about the president--
不管你喜不喜歡他 他是個行銷天才 love him or hate him, he's a marketing genius.
他想出了指責國家的策略, He came up with the strategy to blame the states,
因為聯邦政府 because the federal government
沒能有效地做到這一點 hasn't been able to do this effectively.
- 聯邦政府擁有資產和能力 - Federal government has assets and abilities
沒有一個國家可以動員起來 that no state can possibly mobilize.
他們有一個全球供應鏈 They have a global supply chain.
他們有後勤能力 They have a logistic capability
通過國防部 through the Department of Defense
以及國土安全部 and Department of Homeland Security
把東西運進去 然後分發出去 to get stuff in and distribute it
到全國各地 to places all over the country.
特朗普總統顛覆了這一觀點 President Trump flipped that on its head.
然後 每一個州都出現了這種瘋狂的競爭 Then there became this mad rush for each and every state
試圖自己找到設備 to try and find equipment on their own.
[ c.w. 麥考爾的《護航隊》] [C.W. McCall's "Convoy"]
- 斷路器19號 這裡是橡皮鴨 - Breaker one nine, this here's Rubber Duck.
看在上帝的份上 Mercy sakes alive,
看來我們有護衛隊了 looks like we've got us a convoy.
- 我們繼續盡可能多地採購和運輸個人防護用品 - We continued to source and ship as much PPE as we can
不惜一切代價 by whatever means necessary.
- 亞利桑那州 中午 六月七日 - ♪ Arizona, noon, on the seventh of June ♪
當他們越過山口時 ♪ When they highballed over the pass ♪
- 我們讓麻塞諸塞州州長用飛機 - We had the governor of Massachusetts using a plane
從中國新英格蘭愛國者運來設備 from the New England Patriots to bring equipment from China.
- 因為我們有一個小車隊 - ♪ 'Cause we got a little ol' convoy ♪
- 裝備現在在國民警衛隊手中 - The equipment is now in the hands of the National Guard,
他們會把它送到一個秘密地點 who will deliver it to an undisclosed location.
- 隊伍 - ♪ Convoy
- 我們有馬里蘭州州長 - We had the governor of Maryland
利用他妻子的連絡人 using contacts of his wife's
從韓國運來設備 to bring equipment in from South Korea.
他覺得保護那些設備很重要 He felt it important enough to guard that equipment
飛機降落在馬里蘭因為他不想要 when it landed in Maryland, because he didn't want it
被聯邦政府沒收了 confiscated by the federal government.
- 我們要和其他州競爭 - We're competing against every other state,
所有其他國家 every other country.
現在我們甚至在和聯邦政府競爭 Now we're even competing against the federal government.
- 就像在 eBay 上和其他50個州一樣 - It's like being on eBay with 50 other states,
競拍呼吸機 bidding on a ventilator.
你可以看到加利福尼亞州的出價上漲了 You see the bid go up 'cause California bid.
伊利諾州競標佛羅里達州競標紐約競標 Illinois bid, Florida bid, New York bids,
加利福尼亞的競標 California rebids.
然後聯邦應急管理局開始競標 And then FEMA starts bidding.
所以聯邦應急管理局抬高了價格 So FEMA is driving up the price.
什麼 What?
- 我站在這裡是因為有人已經確認了命令 - I stand here as someone who has had confirmed orders
數以百萬計的毒品在我們面前蒸發 for millions of pieces of gear evaporate in front of us,
我無法形容這有多令人沮喪 and I can't tell you how frustrating it is.
我有種感覺 如果有人有機會 I get a feeling if there's somebody had the chance to
賣給你或者有機會賣給我 sell to you or had the chance to sell to me,
我會失去這一切的 I'm gonna lose every one of those.
- 好的 查理 非常感謝 - All right, Charlie. Thank you very much.
我們喜歡你出去看看能找到什麼 Well, we do like you going out seeing what you can get,
如果你能快一點 if you can get it faster,
價格也是其中的一個組成部分 and the price is always a component to that also,
也許這就是你輸給聯邦調查局的原因 and maybe that's why you lost to the feds.
我告訴你這可能就是原因但是.. I'll tell you, that's probably why, but...
如果目標是把 PPE 帶到美國 narrator: If the goal was to get PPE to the states,
聯邦政府為什麼要這麼做 why would the federal government
會抬高價格來壓過他們嗎 be driving up the price to outbid them?
還是推高價格才是關鍵 Or was driving up the price the whole point?
- 今天早上我們的第一個項目 - This morning, our first project
我們稱之為空中橋樑 that we called Airbridge--
那是空中橋樑 就是這個名字 that's Airbridge, that's the name.
這是一架降落在甘迺迪機場的飛機 And it was a flight that landed in JFK
裡面有近200萬個面具 and contained nearly 2 million masks.
這是50次航班中的第一次 This is the first of 50 flights,
這可能會大幅增加 and that will probably increase substantially.
旁白: 項目空橋是一個計畫 以補貼 narrator: Project Airbridge was a plan to subsidize
私營公司購買和銷售個人防護用品的努力 the efforts of private companies to buy and sell PPE.
馬克斯 · 甘迺迪的團隊會找到 PPE Max Kennedy's team would find the PPE
然後討價還價 and negotiate the lowest possible price.
然後 私營企業將為此買單 Private companies would then pay the bill.
然後 聯邦政府將為此買單 Then the federal government would pay
從海外空運 PPE 回美國 to fly the PPE stateside from overseas.
- 我們是搭檔 - And we had partnered
五家最大的藥品經銷商 with the five largest medical distributors.
一旦我們把它運到美國 Once we shipped it to the United States,
他們會接管並直接出售 they would take over and sell directly
賣給任何他們想要的人 不管他們想要什麼價格 to whoever they would like, at whatever price they wanted.
- 澄清一下 這就解釋了為什麼州政府說 - Just to clarify, that explains why states say
他們就像在易趣網上拍賣一樣 they're bidding like they're on eBay,
因為供給都流向了私營部門 because the supplies are going to the private sector,
然後他們必須去那裡拿補給 and then they have to go there to get the supplies.
- 事情通常都是這樣的對吧 - That's normally how things work, right?
所以我不是來搗亂的 So I'm not here to disrupt,
供應鏈 uh, a supply chain.
- 美國政府提供了大量的 - The U.S. government was handing a huge amount
這五家公司的業務 of business to these five companies
都是相當隨意地選擇的 that were chosen fairly arbitrarily.
我覺得競爭對手越來越擔心 There were increasing concerns, I think, from competitors,
這五家公司得到的 that these five companies were getting
一個巨大的不公平的優勢 a hugely unfair advantage,
所以我在幾個不同的場合被明確地問到 and so I was asked on several different occasions explicitly
找到一個合理的理由 選擇這些公司的方式-- to find a justification to have selected these companies way--
你知道 在他們被選中幾個月後 you know, months after they had been selected.
至少其中一家公司 卡迪納爾 narrator: At least one of these companies, Cardinal,
該公司的 PPE 訂單飆升至正常水準的12倍 saw its PPE orders surge to 12 times the normal volume.
營利也是其中一部分 Profit-making was also part of
吉利德的大流行定價計畫 the pandemic pricing plan at Gilead,
製造了一種藥物 Remdesivir which manufactured the one drug, Remdesivir,
有效治療了 COVID that was effective at treating COVID.
聯邦政府擁有這種藥物的專利 The federal government owned patents on the drug,
而且它還資助了重要的研究 and it paid for essential research.
但特朗普政府允許吉利德公司 But the Trump administration permitted Gilead
每個病人收費超過3000美元 to charge more than $3,000 a patient
製造成本不到10美元的治療 for a treatment that cost less than $10 to manufacture.
我在四月中旬離開了我的外賣 - I left in mid-April, and my takeaway
我仍然覺得 was really that I still feel like
我沒有為政府工作過 I haven't worked for the government.
我們已經遠遠超出了這個範圍 我是說 我們 -- We were so far outside of it. I mean, we were--
我們報告的每一個人 every single person we reported to
指揮系統的上層是政府任命的 up the chain of command was a political appointee.
我見到的聯邦應急管理局的員工數量 The number of FEMA employees I met, you know,
我可以用一隻手數 I could count on one hand,
它們只是短暫的互動 and they were fleeting interactions.
它教會了我這屆政府是如何運作的 It taught me about how this administration works,
我認為它基本上起作用了 或者說看起來起作用了 and I think it largely works, or it seemed to work,
在這種情況下 在政府之外 in this case, outside of the government.
- 在三年的時間裡 - In the course of three years,
這是一個系統性的破壞 there was a systematic dismantling
我們的專業知識是什麼 of what expertise had been built
建立了什麼樣的框架 and what framework had been built
來應對這種全球性的流行病 to respond to the very kind of global pandemic
我們要對付的人 that we're dealing with.
它阻止了當時在場的人 It's preventing the people who were there
做他們應該做的工作 from doing the jobs that they'd been hired to do.
- 跟我說說氯喹 - Tell me a little bit about how chloroquine
羥氯喹首先出現在你的觀點裡 and hydroxychloroquine first came into your point of view.
- 你知道.. - You know...
- 怎麼會這樣 - How did this come up?
- 真希望我從沒聽說過氯喹 - I wish I'd never heard of chloroquine
或者羥氯喹 真的 or hydroxychloroquine, honestly.
伊隆 · 馬斯克用一條推特開始了這個話題 narrator: Elon Musk started the ball rolling with a tweet.
毒品的勢頭越來越猛 Momentum for the drugs picked up steam
福克斯新聞接下來的幾天裡 over the next few days on FOX News,
他們的名字被丟棄了176次 where their names were dropped 176 times.
- 早期證據顯示氯喹.. - Early evidence suggests that chloroquine...
- 氯喹 -羥氯喹 - Chloroquine. - Hydroxychloroquine.
這些看起來很有希望 Those look very promising.
- 然後特朗普開始讀福克斯的劇本 - Then Trump started reading from the FOX script.
- 它被稱為瘧疾藥物 - It is known as a malaria drug,
它已經存在很久了 and it's been around for a long time.
結果非常令人鼓舞 And it's shown very encouraging--
非常非常令人鼓舞 初步結果 very, very encouraging-- early results.
- 我記得是3月23日 - I believe it was March 23rd.
我接到了阿紮爾部長首席法律顧問的電話 I got a call from Secretary Azar's chief counsel.
白宮希望我們迅速行動 The White House wanted us to move quickly
讓這種藥物成為可能 on making this drug available.
- 在我的指示下 聯邦政府正在努力提供幫助 - At my direction, the federal government is working to help
獲得大量的氯喹 obtain large quantities of chloroquine.
- 我給我在 BARDA 的科研小組打了電話 - I called my scientific team in BARDA,
他們說: “不可能 ” and they said, "No way."
沒有資料支援它們有任何益處 There was no data to support that they had any benefit
對抗冠狀病毒 against the coronavirus.
他們進行了反擊 但卡德萊克博士重申 They pushed back, but Dr. Kadlec reiterated
然後對我們說 “去做吧 去做吧 ” that directive to us and said, "Get on it, get it done."
我們想出了一個緊急使用授權的選項 We came up with option of an emergency use authorization.
我們可以劃清界限 We could put boundaries in it,
限制藥物只能用於 restrict the drug to only be used
在住院的病人中 in people who are hospitalized.
我為我們的團隊感到驕傲 And I was proud of our team
提出了那個折衷方案 for coming up with that compromise
我們認為可以保護美國人 that we thought would protect the Americans.
- 你聽說過 Zelenko 博士嗎 - Have you ever heard of a Dr. Zelenko?
- 是的 - Yes.
他是一個非常神秘的存在 似乎是 He is a very mysterious presence that seemed to be
和這個氯喹事件有關 involved in the context of this chloroquine story.
- 嗨 -嗨 - Hi. - Hi.
弗拉基米爾 · 澤蘭科博士成為了一個右翼民間英雄 narrator: Dr. Vladimir Zelenko became a right-wing folk hero
特朗普團隊把他推舉為重要的專家 and the Trump team promoted him as an essential expert
關於使用羥氯喹 on the use of hydroxychloroquine
作為治療 COVID 的神奇藥物 as a magical remedy for COVID.
- 在過去的16年裡 - For the last almost 16 years,
我是一個社區的初級保健醫生 I've been a primary care doctor for a community
大約有35000人 of around 35,000 people.
是門羅鎮上的一個村莊 It's a village in the town of Monroe.
它類似於城市環境 It's similar to an urban environment
就人們之間的親密程度而言 in terms of how close people live with each other.
所以這並不奇怪 So it's not surprising that
病毒來了 開始傳播 the virus came and started spreading.
我意識到 我的上帝 我有一個地獄 And I realized that, my God, I have an inferno.
我有一個真正的爆發 I have a real outbreak.
我認識這些人 他們就像我的家人 I know all these people, they're like family to me.
所以這是私人恩怨 So it was personal.
整個世界都在關注 The whole world was focusing on
建造更多的呼吸器 更多的醫院 building more respirators, more hospitals,
但是什麼都沒有提供 and there was nothing being offered
給初級保健醫生 to primary care doctors.
你知道 我們是前線士兵 You know, we're front-line soldiers
沒有子彈 沒有武器 with no bullets, no weapons.
所以你必須隨機應變 So then you have to improvise.
Zelenko 博士即興創作了 narrator: Dr. Zelenko improvised
他認為是魔法子彈的東西 what he thought was a magic bullet
裡面有他自己未經證實的混搭 that contained his own unproven mash-up
鋅 阿奇黴素和羥氯喹 of zinc, azithromycin, and hydroxychloroquine.
但是沒有一個有聲譽的臨床試驗 But there was no reputable clinical trial
證實了 Zelenko 的說法 that confirmed Zelenko's claims
早期使用他的雞尾酒可以治癒 COVID that early use of his cocktail could cure COVID.
- 我不是在做研究我只是在治療病人 - I wasn't doing research. I was just treating patients.
但我不傻 But I'm not stupid.
我清楚地看到發生了什麼 I saw exactly what was happening.
病人不再死亡 Patients stopped dying.
我剛剛發現 I just found potentially
最重要的資訊之一 one of the most important pieces of information
在信息史上 in the history of information.
我不是政客 我沒有任何關係 I'm not a politician. I don't have any connections.
那麼一個沒有聯繫的人 So how else does a person who's unconnected
達到政府的最高層 reach the highest levels of government?
這就是所謂的社交媒體 It's called social media. [laughs]
嗯 你好 特朗普總統 Um, hello, President Trump.
我是弗拉基米爾 · 澤蘭科博士 My name is Dr. Vladimir Zelenko.
所以我製作了一個 YouTube 視頻 So I made a YouTube video
寫給美國總統的信 addressed to the president of the United States,
第二天他的幕僚長馬克 · 梅多斯打電話給我 and the next day, his chief of staff, Mark Meadows, calls me.
我們進行了一次談話 然後開始了一個過程 We had a conversation, and that started a process
最終讓我發現 that eventually led me to
美國食品及藥物管理局局長 Stephen Hahn the FDA commissioner, Stephen Hahn.
不是每天都有的 It's not every day you get
美國食品藥品管理局局長打電話給你 the commissioner of the FDA calling you on your cell phone.
- 根據美國食品及藥物管理局的說法 - According to the FDA...
- 沒有一個科學的原因 - There was not a scientific reason
推銷這兩種藥物 to push either one of those drugs.
他們之所以如此強硬是因為 The reason they were pushing them so hard was because
總統聲稱這是一種神奇的藥物 the president was claiming that they were a miracle drug.
有人給了他這個建議 Someone had given him this advice.
- 我正好拿了 -我正好拿了 - I happen to be taking it. I happen to be taking it.
我要把它拿走 羥氯喹 I'm taking it. Hydroxychloroquine.
現在 是的 Right now, yeah.
- 你聽到他後來說什麼了嗎 - Did you hear what he said afterwards?
“是的 我收到一封信... ... ” "Yeah, I received a letter..."
- 那天一個醫生說 - From a doctor the other day,
來自韋斯特賈斯特附近地區 from Westchester, New York, around the area.
他什麼都不想要他只是說 He didn't want anything. He just said,
”先生我有上百個病人 "Sir, I have hundreds of patients,
我給他們羥氯喹 ” and I give them hydroxychloroquine."
- 這是一封信 - [chuckles] So that was a letter
我發給總統了 I sent to the president.
- 但我覺得這封信寫得很好 - But I thought it was a very well-crafted letter
一個受人尊敬的醫生 by a man who's a respected doctor.
他說這是一封精心設計的信 - He said it was a well-crafted letter.
我為此感到驕傲 I was proud of that.
- 真的很讓人沮喪 - It was really frustrating,
因為我們身處前線 because here we are on the front lines,
我們正在盡一切努力 we're trying to do everything we can,
如果這有可能成功的話 and if, you know, there's a chance that this could work,
我們來試試吧 let's go ahead and try it.
但是一直以來 But then, consistently,
這些高品質的試驗 the trials that had been high quality looking at this
已經表明這樣做沒有任何好處 have shown that there's no benefit to it.
我們已經轉向其他的治療方法 And we have moved on to other therapies.
但不幸的是 你知道 它可以復活 But unfortunately, you know, it can come back and be revived
一個仍然相信它的領導者的推特 by a tweet from a leader who still believes in it.
第二天 如果你承認的話 The next day, if you admit
一個有2019冠狀病毒疾病的病人他們中的一些人會問 a patient with COVID-19, some of them are gonna ask,
“你會給我特朗普的藥嗎? ” "Are you gonna give me the Trump drug?"
如果你長篇大論地解釋 And if you go through a long explanation of, you know,
”事實上沒有好處” "Actually, there's no benefit,"
這真的很難解釋 it's really hard to explain this.
這樣會更有幫助 And it would be so much more helpful
如果這個國家的領導人以身作則 說 if the leader of the country, who sets the example, said,
“我們應該關注這方面的科學 ” "We should follow the science on this."
- 我看到了一些我喜歡的東西 - I've seen things that I sort of like,
我怎麼知道 我又不是醫生 so what do I know? I'm not a doctor.
- 大約是在那次歐盟會議之後的第六天 - It was about six days after that EUA.
我醒來時發現一串郵件 I woke up to an email string
衛生局助理秘書長 that had our Assistant Secretary for Health,
我們的聯邦應急管理局局長 我們的美國防止虐待協會卡德萊克博士 our Director of FEMA, our ASPR, Dr. Kadlec,
和食品藥品管理局都說我們需要把街道淹沒 and the FDA all saying we need to flood the streets
紐約和新澤西 of New York and New Jersey
儘快服用那種藥 with that drug as quickly as possible.
在那封郵件的討論中 有人非常勇敢 And in that email discussion, someone was brave enough--
他們說: “等一下 they said, "But wait a minute.
歐盟委員會表示 ‘只針對住院病人’ ” The EUA says 'for hospitalized patients only.'"
他們說: “不 它需要進入藥房 They said, "No, it needs to go into the pharmacies.
“它需要傳播到所有地方 "It needs to go out everywhere.
“歐盟委員會無關緊要 "The EUA doesn't matter.
現在就把藥推出去 ” Push the drug out now."
旁白: 同樣的食品藥品管理局拖延了數周 narrator: The same FDA that dragged its feet for weeks
對於批准重要的 Covid 試驗 at approving vital COVID tests
突然以閃電般的速度變成綠光使用 suddenly worked at lightning speed to greenlight use
一種對疾病沒有證實療效的藥物 of a drug with no proven effect on the disease,
只是因為白宮希望這麼做 just because the White House wanted it done.
- 如果這藥有效的話 - If this drug works,
會很棒的 會很漂亮的 it will be wonderful, it'll be so beautiful.
這將是天賜的禮物 It'll be a gift from heaven.
- 我把它弄丟了 - I lost it.
我完全失去了對指揮系統的尊重 I lost all respect for that chain of command,
為了安全起見 for that security
我們作為美國人把這些人 that we as Americans have put in those people.
就在那一刻 我決定打破常規 And that is the moment that I decided to break protocol
以不同的方式提醒美國人 and alert Americans in a different way.
在政治學說中 narrator: In the doctrine of politics,
裡克 · 布萊特犯了不可饒恕的大罪 Rick Bright committed a mortal sin.
他去找了媒體 He went to the press.
- 就在那之後的兩周 - It was two weeks exactly after that
我知道我已經被解職了 that I learned that I had been removed from my position.
在這屆政府裡挺身而出並不容易 好嗎 It's not easy to come forward in this administration, okay?
我不想在這裡軟弱 但這並不容易 I'm not trying to be soft in here, but it is not easy.
這是一個非常艱難的過程 It was a very hard process
把我們的職業生涯置於危險之中 to lay our careers on the line to push back.
時間不多了 因為 Time is running out because
病毒還在到處傳播 the virus is still spreading everywhere.
應對這場流行病的窗口正在關閉 The window is closing to address this pandemic.
- 布萊特醫生今天要去作證 - So, you know, Dr. Bright is up there testifying today.
而在羥氯喹一刻 布萊特博士真正地簽了字 And on hydroxychloroquine, Dr. Bright literally signed
在申請美國食品藥品管理局的授權 in the application for FDA authorization of it.
- 我們要麼會因為我們的所作所為而被銘記 - We will either be remembered for what we did
還是我們沒能解決這場危機 or for what we failed to do to address this crisis.
- 今天早上我觀察了這傢伙一會兒 - I watched this guy for a little while this morning,
他看起來像個憤怒的 不滿的員工 and he looks like an angry, disgruntled employee
坦白地說 據一些人說 who, frankly, according to some people,
做得不是很好 didn't do a very good job.
- 你能描述一下政府的反應嗎 - Would you describe the government's response
是成功還是失敗 as a success or a failure?
我相信我們可以做得更好 - I believe we could have done better.
- 觀察政府的反應 - Watching the administration's response
對布萊特來說是可怕的 to Bright was frightening.
我們都想幫忙 但我們不想 We all wanted to help, but we didn't wanna be
登在報紙的頭版 on the front page of a newspaper.
我和幾個律師談過了 I spoke to a couple of attorneys
他說這對政府來說很不尋常 who said it's so unusual for the government
根本不需要保密協定 更不用說志願者了 to require an NDA at all, let alone for volunteers
沒有許可權進入政府系統 who don't have any access to government systems.
我們無權接觸任何機密資訊 We had no access to any confidential information.
我們唯一被阻止的事情 The only thing we were basically being prevented
他們的反應是 from talking about was the fact that the response was--
似乎大部分都搞砸了 seemed to be largely bungled.
- 迄今為止 我們已經促進了供應 - To date, we've facilitated the supply
全國有超過3800萬的 N95口罩 of more than 38 million N95 masks nationwide.
- 我會看新聞 然後聽到 - And I would watch the news, and I'd hear
特朗普政府談論這項工作 the Trump administration talk about the work
發生了什麼 而發生了什麼卻沒有 that was happening, and what was happening did not
與行政部門所說的相符 match what the administration was speaking about.
所以我確實派人去了 So I did send in
一份向國會提交的舉報報告 a whistleblower report to Congress,
還給幾個記者打了電話 as well as calling several journalists
我剛剛在網上找到他 who I basically just found online.
真是傷腦筋 It was nerve-racking.
我很擔心保密協定 I was worried about the NDA,
我擔心可能會遭到報復 I was worried about potential retribution.
但我只是想讓人們知道發生了什麼 But I just wanted people to know what was happening,
卻不知道自己做得還不夠 and know not enough was being done.
除了攻擊告密者 narrator: Beyond attacking whistleblowers,
特朗普解雇了五名核查人員 Trump dismissed five inspectors general
在六周的時間裡 in the space of six weeks.
其中一個提出了對個人防護設備短缺的擔憂 One had raised concerns about PPE shortages.
另一個應該去調查 Another was supposed to investigate
特朗普政府將如何支出 how the Trump administration would spend
2.3萬億美元的冠狀病毒救濟 $2.3 trillion in coronavirus relief.
雖然錢確實流向了失業的美國人 While money did flow to unemployed Americans,
一小群對沖基金投資者 a small group of hedge fund investors
還有房地產大亨 and real estate tycoons,
比如傑瑞德 · 庫什納和唐納德 · 特朗普 like Jared Kushner and Donald Trump,
得到了數百萬美元的稅收減免 got millions of dollars in tax breaks.
特朗普保護了最富有的美國人 Trump protected the richest Americans,
即使他繼續忽視最基本的建議 even as he continued to ignore the most basic recommendations
試圖保護普通人的科學家 of scientists trying to protect everyday people.
- 疾病預防控制中心建議 - The CDC is recommending that
美國人戴一種基本的面料或面具 Americans wear a basic cloth or fabric mask.
它們既可以在網上購買 也可以在家製作 They can be either purchased online or simply made at home,
可能是你家裡的材料 probably material that you'd have at home.
真的是自願的 你可以做到的 Really a voluntary thing. You can do it.
你不必這麼做 我選擇不這麼做 You don't have to do it. I'm choosing not to do it.
但是有些人可能想這麼做 這沒關係 But some people may wanna do it, and that's okay.
- 我做了很多預測都成真了 - I made a lot of predictions that came true
但是面具被政治化了 about this pandemic, but masks being politicized--
這對我來說太神奇了 it's just amazing to me.
- 聽天由命 - ♪ Live and let die
致命的影響 narrator: The deadly implications
總統對科學的蔑視 of the president's disdain for science
不管是誰選的音樂 weren't lost on whoever picked the soundtrack
特朗普在亞利桑那州參觀一家面具工廠 for Trump's tour of a mask factory in Arizona.
- 聽天由命 - ♪ Live and let die
這是令人困惑的競選照片操作: narrator: It was confusing campaign photo op:
聯邦官員拒絕戴安全面罩 federal officials refusing to wear safety masks
在一個消毒過的工廠裡生產 in a sanitized factory that manufactured them.
- 這個面具似乎代表了 - The mask seems to represent
你站在政治走廊的哪一邊 which side of the political aisle that you're on,
不知怎麼的 沒戴面具就出現了 and somehow, showing up without a mask on
和其他人近距離接觸 in close proximity with others
說我支持總統 says that I support the president.
- 你們是他媽的民主黨豬 - You're fucking democratic pigs!
我要把你那該死的面具摘下來 - I'll take that fucking mask off your face!
不要再戴面具了 all: No more masks!
不要再戴面具了 No more masks!
那很危險 - That is dangerous.
人們因為這些錯誤的資訊而死去 People have died because of the misinformation.
我對此毫不懷疑 I have absolutely no doubt about that.
四月份 經過幾周的經濟停滯 narrator: In April, after weeks of economic shutdown
還有傳染病和死亡 and with contagion and death
在美國大部分地區仍然高居不下 still running high in much of America,
特朗普宣佈了重新開放美國的計畫 Trump announced the plan for reopening the country.
- 我們的專家小組現在同意 - Our team of experts now agrees
我們可以開始我們戰爭的下一個前線 that we can begin the next front in our war,
我們稱之為再次開放美國 which we're calling Opening Up America Again,
這就是我們正在做的 and that's what we're doing.
我們正在開放我們的國家 We're opening up our country.
第二天 他開始推特 narrator: The next day, he began to tweet
以鼓勵反對封鎖的抗議 in encouragement of protests against lockdowns
意在控制病毒的傳播 meant to contain spread of the virus.
沮喪是可以理解的 Frustration's understandable.
人們想要離開他們的家 People wanted to get out of their homes
回去工作 to get back to work.
美國 all: USA!
但是沒有一個國家計畫 narrator: But without a national program
為保障公眾健康 to safeguard public health,
經濟怎麼才能重新站起來 how is the economy going to get back on its feet?
- 所以我對我的人民說 - So I said to my people,
“請放慢測試的速度 ” "Slow the testing down, please."
- 在德克薩斯州 住院人數創下歷史新高 - Texas, hitting a record number of hospitalizations.
- 佛羅里達州記錄了驚人的11400例病例 - Florida recording an astonishing 11,400 cases,
打破了單日最高記錄 smashing its single day high.
開放的國家沒有 narrator: Opening up the country without
一個全國性的口罩測試和追蹤計畫 a national program for masks, testing, and tracing
是有後果的 did have consequences.
整個夏天 Throughout the summer,
死亡人數徘徊在每天1000人左右 the death toll hovered around 1,000 a day,
或者每週兩次911事件 or two 9/11s every week.
在韓國這個五千一百萬人口的國家 In South Korea, a nation of 51 million,
沒有全國性的停擺 there was no national shutdown,
不到500人死於這種疾病 and less than 500 people died from the disease.
- 對於我身邊的很多韓國人來說, - For a lot of people around me in South Korea,
對美國的看法真的動搖了 perceptions of the U.S. have really been shaken.
韓國人和世界上很多人一樣 South Koreans, like a lot of other people around the world,
對美國有一定的看法 had a certain perception of the U.S.
作為一個國家如何運作的晴雨錶和基準 as a barometer and a benchmark for how a country works,
一個國家應該如何運作 how a country should run.
人們確實有一種難以置信的感覺 There is a real sense of disbelief.
- 成千上萬的人湧向海灘 - Thousands descended on beaches
週末在希臘 在義大利 in Greece over the weekend, while in Italy,
越來越多的商店和餐館再次歡迎顧客 more shops and restaurants are again welcoming customers.
- 人群又回到 - The crowds are returning
紐西蘭的體育館 to the stadiums here in New Zealand.
隨著許多國家的開放 narrator: As many countries opened up,
其他人則面臨新的疾病爆發 others faced new outbreaks.
一些國家 如巴西和印度 病例繼續激增 Some, like Brazil and India, saw cases continue to soar.
但是即使在像韓國這樣的國家 But even in countries like South Korea,
病毒最初被控制的地方 where the virus was initially contained,
當人們無視科學指導時 病例就會急劇增加 cases spiked when people ignored scientific guidance.
這個問題比其他任何地方都嚴重 Nowhere was that problem more severe
比美國還要多 than in the United States.
- 美國 美國 - ♪ America, America
無視專家的建議成了一種行為 narrator: Ignoring expert advice became an act
特朗普政府的愛國主義精神 of patriotism in the Trump administration,
甚至連推動安全疫苗的努力在哪裡 Where even the push for a safe vaccine
是不顧科學的魯莽行為 was pursued with reckless disregard for science.
- 我們正在積極行動 - We're moving aggressively
加速研發疫苗 to accelerate developing a vaccine.
- 實際上得到一種你知道有效的疫苗 - To actually get a vaccine that you know works
會是一年到一年半 is gonna be a year to a year and a half.
- 幫我個忙 快點 - Do me a favor. Speed it up.
加快速度 Speed it up.
- 疫苗是如此重要 - Stakes are so high around vaccines.
因為我們需要疫苗 Because we need a vaccine
如果我們想結束這場流行病 if we want to begin to end this pandemic.
但問題是 誰來分銷這些產品 But the question is, who distributes it?
誰會優先考慮它 Who prioritizes it?
很多人認為這應該由疾病控制中心負責 A lot of people say this should be the CDC.
“他們應該在這方面處於前沿和中心地位 ” "They should be front and center in this."
但是疾病控制中心基本上沉默了 narrator: But the CDC has been largely silenced.
經過幾位疾控中心的科學家 After a few CDC scientists
表達了對聯邦政府反應的擔憂, voiced concerns about the federal response,
特朗普安排了一名官員審查或改寫 Trump installed an official to censor or rewrite
如果疾控中心的調查結果與 any CDC findings that contradicted
白宮的美好預言 the rosy predictions of the White House.
我們能相信那些允許資料被洩露的科學家嗎 Can we trust scientists who allow data to be compromised
對政治忠誠的要求 by demands for political loyalty?
- 我最後一個問題 - My last question to you is,
你從這場流行病中得到了什麼 what is your personal takeaway from this pandemic?
- 嗯.. - [laughs softly] Um...
- 五萬三千人死於冠狀病毒 - 53,000 deaths from coronavirus.
- 有時在深夜我開車回家的時候 - Sometimes late at night when I'm driving home
我厭倦了聽 NPR 的談話節目 and I'm tired of listening to talk radio on NPR,
我會打開另一個 NPR 電臺聽爵士樂 I'll turn on the other NPR station and listen to jazz.
我這輩子從來沒聽過爵士樂 I've never listened to jazz in my life.
我一直非常感謝身邊的人 I've always been very thankful for the people around me,
我認為這部分是隨著年齡的增長而產生的 and I think that's come with age, partly.
現在我們都一直戴著面具 And now that we're all wearing masks all the time,
有大量的資訊 there is an astounding amount of information
你可以不去看別人的眼睛 that you can get out of looking at people's eyes.
當你的臉部其他部分完全模糊時 Which, when the rest of your face is completely obscured,
變得極端地講述正在發生的事 become extremely telling of what's going on,
無論你的眼睛是快樂的 悲傷的 還是微笑的 whether your eyes are happy or sad or smiling.
這就是1918年的流感疫情 This is going to be the 1918 influenza epidemic story,
在接下來的100年裡都會被記載下來 and it will be written about for the next 100 years.
我認為這種認識應該真正推動 And I think that realization should really drive
我們的許多行為和選擇 a lot of our behavior and our choices.
病毒暴露的東西太多了 - There's so much that the virus has exposed,
這些教訓會一直持續下去 the lessons are just gonna be ongoing over time.
痛苦的程度是如此巨大 And the degree of suffering is just so immense
很難真正把它概念化 that it's hard to really conceptualize it.
我們需要很長時間 And it's gonna take a long time for us
才能真正弄清楚這件事的後果 to really figure out the consequences of this,
因為這是有後果的 because there are consequences
為了那些倖存下來的人 for the people who survive this.
- 我們每年花費數十億美元 - We spend billions of dollars every year
希望永遠飛不起來的導彈 on missiles that, hopefully, will never fly,
希望我們永遠不會使用的武器 on weapons that, hopefully, we will never use.
我們必須採取健康保障措施 We have to take health security
就像我們對待國防安全一樣認真 as seriously as we do defense security.
- 我認為職業工作人員和科學家已經就位 - I think the career staff and scientists were in place.
他們經受了戰鬥的考驗 They were battle-tested.
他們知道自己的角色知道計畫 They knew their role, they knew the plan,
他們準備採取行動 and they were prepared to act.
他們穿上制服應對這場流行病 They put on their uniform to respond to this pandemic,
然後就無處可去了 and then there was nowhere to go.
- 有一種誤解 認為公共衛生失敗了 - There is a misconception that public health failed.
事實是 政治領導人 The truth is that political leaders
沒有遵守公共衛生指導 failed to follow public health guidance,
這就是可以避免的疾病死亡的原因 and that's what caused avoidable disease, death,
和經濟破壞 and economic destruction.
- 政客才是問題所在 - Politicians are the problem.
我們必須相信科學家 We've gotta believe in the scientists.
我們還有不相信科學的政客 And we've got politicians who don't believe in science.
美國正在落後 America is lagging behind
幾乎所有其他國家的反應 而我-- every other country, almost, in their response, and I--
嘿 你得怪主管 hey, you gotta blame the manager.
如果我們要責怪主管 narrator: If we're to blame the manager,
我們必須能夠回答 we must be able to answer
一個重要的政治問題: an essential political question:
總統知道些什麼 他什麼時候知道的 What did the president know, and when did he know it?
疫情爆發八個月後 Eight months after the pandemic began,
我們找到答案了 we got the answer.
2月7日 兩周前 On February 7th, two weeks before
美國人都死於這種疾病 anyone in America had died from the disease,
記者鮑勃 · 伍德沃德問唐納德 · 特朗普 journalist Bob Woodward asked Donald Trump
如果他知道 COVID 的傳染性和危險性 if he knew how contagious and dangerous COVID might be.
- 它是通過空氣傳播的 鮑勃 - It goes through air, Bob.
這總是比觸摸更難 你知道嗎 That's always tougher than the touch, you know?
觸摸 你不必觸摸東西 對不對 The touch, you don't have to touch things, right?
但是空氣 你只是呼吸空氣 But the air, you just breathe the air,
就這樣過去了 and that's how it's passed.
它也比你的... 更致命 It's also more deadly than your--
甚至是你那激烈的流感 知道嗎 even your strenuous flus, you know?
所以這是致命的東西 So this is deadly stuff.
我們的主管讓我們失望了 narrator: Our manager failed us.
但是這種疾病也揭示了 But the disease also revealed
我們政府更根本的問題 more fundamental problems with our government.
我們將看到更多的流行病和其他生存威脅 We will see more pandemics and other existential threats.
都是因為人為的問題 All on account of manmade problems,
我們必須準備一起解決 we must prepare to solve together.
我們預測未來的能力 Our ability to reckon with the future
取決於我們從過去學到了多少 will depend on how much we learn from our recent past.
當我們終於可以摘下面具的那一天到來時 When the day comes when we can finally take off our masks,
我們準備好修復真正破碎的東西了嗎 will we be ready to fix what's really broken?
- 今天是時候了 - ♪ Time has come today
♪年輕的心可以走自己的路 ♪ Young hearts can go their way ♪
我不能再拖延了 ♪ Can't put it off another day ♪
我不在乎別人怎麼說 ♪ I don't care what others say ♪
他們認為我們根本不聽 ♪ They think we don't listen anyway ♪
今天時間到了 ♪ Time has come today
嘿 Hey!
哦 Oh!
今天規則已經改變了 ♪ The rules have changed today ♪
我無處可去 ♪ I have no place to stay
我在想地鐵 ♪ I'm thinking about the subway ♪
我的愛已經飛走 ♪ My love has flown away
我的眼淚來了又走了 ♪ My tears have come and gone ♪
哦 我的上帝 我只能遊蕩 ♪ Oh my Lord, I have to roam ♪
我沒有家 ♪ I have no home
現在是時候了 ♪ Now the time has come
沒有地方可逃 ♪ There's no place to run
我可能會被太陽曬傷 ♪ I might get burned up by the sun ♪
但我玩得很開心 ♪ But I had my fun
我被愛過 被拋棄過 ♪ I've been loved and put aside ♪
我被翻滾的潮水碾碎 ♪ I've been crushed by the tumbling tide ♪
和我的靈魂一起 ♪ And my soul