Hello, everyone!
Last time we had
a detailed analysis
of the key changes in the text.
This time we'll discuss
the important points related
to vocabulary and grammar.
First, we'll talk about
the different use
of the words
which have the similar meaning
or similar spelling.
We'll talk about
the difference between
a pair of words
or among a group of words.
Here I have three groups of words.
The first group is
"inheritance and heritage".
The second group is
"shrink, shrivel (up)
and contract".
The third group is
"extend, increase and expand".
The three groups
of words are here.
My question is
Now let's see whether students
can make a difference between them
and can use them properly or not.
Now we'll analyze
the difference
of the three groups
of words in detail.
The first group
"inheritance and heritage"
both means “遗产” in Chinese.
But they are used
in different contexts.
More examples:
If we want to say “遗产税”
we will choose inheritance
and say "inheritance tax".
Similarly, we use
"genetic inheritance"
to express “基因遗传”
But if we want to express
“世界文化遗产”
we choose "heritage"
and say
"world cultural heritage".
In the same way,
we use national heritage
to express “国粹”
The second group is three verbs
----"shrink, shrivel (up)
and contract".
The three verbs all mean
"getting smaller".
Although in Chinese
they mean the same“缩小”
they are also used
in different contexts in English.
"Shrink" usually refers to
clothes getting smaller.
"Contract" refers to
metal or muscles
getting smaller or tighter.
"Shrivel up" refers to
fruit or skin
getting smaller or dried.
For example
It means
Then let's come to the third group.
The third group is
“extend, increase and expand”
all of them means “扩大” in Chinese.
But they are used differently.
“Extend” means
getting longer in space
and usually in one direction.
“Increase” means
getting more in number.
“Expand” means
getting larger in space
in all directions.
We can find
the difference among them
through the rough
drawing the power point.
More examples are:
The first example:
The second example:
The third example:
Next we'll come to the
one important grammar phenomenon
in Unit One.
That is about the use
of the conjunction while.
As we know,
the conjunction while
is used
in the different senses.
It can be used in the following
four categories of senses.
1. Firstly, the conjunction while
is used to mean
“during the time
that sth is happening.
2. Secondly, the conjunction while
is used to mean
"at the same time
as sth is happening."
3. Thirdly, the conjunction while
is used
to mean "as long as".
4. Fourthly, the conjunction while
is used to
contrast two things.
Here I have four examples
for you to decide
what the conjunction while means.
The first example:
In paragraph 3
The second example:
in paragraph 6.
The third example:
The fourth example:
Analyzing the
four examples carefully,
"while" here is used to contrast
it is found that
in the first example,
"while" is used
in the second category of sense,
that is, "while" is used to mean
"at the same time
that something is happening."
In the second example
"while my world was expanding
and new options were opening for me,
my father …
was seeing his world shrink
and his options narrow",
"while" is used in
the fourth category of sense.
That is,
"while" here is used to contrast
two things.
In the third example
"While you're at college,
take advantage of
any opportunity coming your way",
"while here is used in
the first category of sense.
That is to say,
"While" here is used to mean
"during the time
that something is happening."
In the fourth example
"While there's life, there's hope" ,
"while" is used to mean "as long as".
OK.This is all about
the use of the conjunction "while".
I hope,
after my explanation,
you can use it properly.
Ok. Today
we analyze the important vocabulary
and grammar points
in Unit One.
Up to now,
we have finished Unit One.
Thank you for your attention.
And you can refer to the
attached materials for reference.