ladies and gentlemen my name is David JP
Phillips and on the 17th of October I
would be coming to you to deliver a live
seminar but I heard that you are
delivering a presentation as well it was
just before just after I can't really
remember but around those days which
means that I think you would benefit
from a supper count some some techniques
now even though you get them then as
well but if you receive them now you can
actually prepare your presentation
better I've delivered this presentation
skills training for twelve years and I
know that's two modules which are more
important than any other modules when it
comes to preparing a presentation the
first one is called the golden triangle
by Aristotle and then you have a
psychologically beneficial structure so
I'm aiming for this video to be around
15-20 minutes and I'm going to take you
through these two subjects and when you
sit down and prepare your presentation
if you take this into account you will
have a you know it'll go faster for you
and it'll be able to be that your
presentation will simply become a lot
lot better for the people listening so
let's start with a golden triangle
approximately 2300 years ago a man a
myth sometimes named Aristotle came to
the conclusion that if you want to
convince an audience someone listening
to you if you want to convince them you
have to fulfill not one but three
criterias you have to fulfill those
logos and pathos if you fulfill all
three you will be very likely in that
you will be commencing so how does this
relate to you when it comes to ethos
there's two things you should think
about for the first thing is you take
the stage
own the presentation the PowerPoint is
not the presentation you are so parallel
feel confident posture be the
presentation people by who you are what
you say your facial expressions the way
you say it and then you can use
PowerPoint as a visual aid so ethos to
one part is you you delivering me
feeling credibility for you
ethos is credibility so that's you the
second part is your content how do we
make that even more credible well I
think that is for you and regards to
what you work with you simply refer to
two sources you refers you refer to
science and you refer to research
depending on the audience
you should sometimes keep it very
clinical and sometimes easier but
referring to your sources obviously
increases your ethos and the credibility
of what you're saying so that is what
ethos is about so tac-2 that you have
those two things in your presentation
you a you should show credibility and be
your materials you know obviously refer
to things to give it a higher
credibility move to logos most common
problem most common mistake that people
do in regards to logos is that they just
just pack too much information too much
information they add bullet point point
of the bullet point just masses of
information and it makes it
uncompensated again like it looks like
they're I understand what you say but
it's so hard to digest and if you were
to do just like a random memory check
two weeks later chance of them
remembering the majority of what you
said is super slim an absolute manner
minority of what we say is usually what
they remember when we're highly focused
on logos so logos is facts numbers the
test
chance you obviously need to have this
but try to limit it think like this what
is my core message that core message
needs to be repeated three times it
needs to be clarified by examples it
should be visualized maybe learn from
Hans Rosling to bring up some props to
show this particular core fact so don't
go in building a presentation where you
go like I'm gonna say all this go into
the presentation go like I should say
this but this is more important so let
that take a bit more room and now I'll
actually skip that and I'll skip this
and I'll skip that and then you might
think skip all that what you can do then
it's just before your presentation you
can say that a complete description of
everything I'm gonna go through will be
documented and given to you after this
presentation this presentation in full
will will primarily focus on this and in
these areas okay more tips on logos if
you're gonna give an argument for
something try to stick to three things
we remember three things better
then more if I give you an example you
know I've got my computer here and I say
you should get this computer because
it's it's a MacBook it's good processor
i7 1.4 gigahertz processor you got a ram
memory for 8 gigabytes you've got an SSD
this 412 we go bytes you have a Rutina
screen etc it now that's too many facts
you don't remember that but if I come to
you and I say hey you should get this
computer because it's got an i7
processor an 8 gigabyte ram memory and a
512 gigabyte disk certainly three things
chances are way high that you remember
what I took you through so three
arguments is what you should focus on
the last thing when it comes to logos is
to remember the dramaturgical curve the
dramaturgical
Ark which works like this start off with
something middle strong alternate is
something we go middle strong weak and
then go too strong at the end having
such a dramaturg little curve means that
you will gain their attention in the
beginning and you will keep their
attention and really cement it at the
end of your presentation now a lot of
people when they present they go like I
want to say the most important thing
first the problem with that is that
it'll only get worse and worse and worse
and worse and less and less interesting
people who will lose focus so place the
most interesting and important part at
the end
tease the audience that it's coming but
don't tell them about it and when in
logos I want to have just a separate
thing when it comes to PowerPoint as
well I've got a TEDx talk on how to
avoid death by PowerPoint if you do a
lot of powerpoints watch that as well
it's 18 minutes well invested time on
your life but a couple of simple things
from that is the following
stick to one message per slide stick to
six objects per slide so limit your
objects avoid text if you need to have
it use the contrast effect that means
that if you have a sentence make one of
the words stronger make it darker and
the other words gray so that they lose
the contrast but besides that just have
a look at the the TEDx talk it'll give
you loads of really good information and
it really applies a lot to logos where
they're moving over to the last part of
the triangle which is pathos this is
emotion this is where you put your your
feelings into what you're saying now if
we look at what Aristotle has said he
said this if you have this in this but
not this you will fail dismally
if you have this in this but not this
you will fail again and it all comes
together you have to have all three bits
in a presentation so looking at pathos
how can you do that well the great thing
is to do Excel
don't just say that a product can be
applied to this and that and that say
that the product can be applied to my
grandmother who is 75 it can be applied
to my to my children who are five boom
as soon as you do that you create
visualizations in the audience they
picture their own grandmother they
picture children or their own children
so give examples create visualizations
use PowerPoint to show images as again
Hans Rosling use props to show things
with build things out of blocks or Lego
brilliant ways to use it you can also
use short video clips if that makes
sense to you use interactions with the
audience ask questions you or their
audience give them group discussions two
to three and three pick up what they
said write that down the chart create
interactions like that all this would go
down to pathos anything that creates
emotion is pathos I'm gonna give you one
last thing there and this is an
incredible tip it's one of those tip
that if you haven't used it before it
can can always increase the level of
delivery by two fold and it's as simple
as this value what you are saying if
you've got numbers here 33 6 to 699
don't go and just go this is 33 6 si
ethics is this and 99 is this it's
boring
we want to know what you feel so do this
I third this this is an interesting
number
33% well what's even more interesting is
that this is 66% and what is good is
actually like mind-boggling is how this
could be 99% as soon as you do that as
soon as you start valuing things you
start using your body language you voice
your your words become different you
move differently everything becomes
different
because when you value things you put
emotion into what you're saying you just
look at your presentation and ask
yourself what can I value in here it
makes such a tremendous difference to us
listening this is the triangle three
pieces ethos logos and pathos chorus all
of them need to be included in your
presentation so when I do that I do this
Adri draw six circles I write
ELP so get a whiteboard get a pitch I'll
do the same thing in ethos write out how
are you going to increase the
credibility of your product I'm going to
refer to this study to that study I'm
going to refer to this this personal
example of something that I've
experienced I'm going to refer to what
the colleague has said and so on in
logos what am I going to show them I'm
gonna show them this subject I'm gonna
show them these facts I'm gonna show
them this chart this was usually the
easiest and then we come to pathos how
am I going to increase this I'm going to
show this image I'm gonna show a video
I'm going to give an example I'm gonna
use props I'm gonna use the discussion
just sketch this up and when you've done
that sit down with your PowerPoint and
build this because when you've done this
you've already done all the groundwork
so you know you just need to put this
into your PowerPoint all right good luck
on ethos logos and pathos
welcome back David JP Phillips here
again and as I promised I was going to
give you two techniques or two tools the
first one was there golden triangle by
the Aristotle the myth the legend what
I'm going to give you now is structure I
love this one
this is you're gonna get some simple
steps to begin with and some simple
steps to end your presentation and when
you have this it's going to just make
your life so much simpler simple to
build your presentation now this is what
I call a psychologically optimized
structure because every single step is
there because of a reason okay so number
one start with what is called a polite
phrase say hi welcome it's great to see
you all thank you for coming for
instance just polite think you can do
that that's easy
number two have a respect phrase say
something great about what they've
thought about what they've said what
they've achieved what they've
accomplished a simple one could be
ladies and gentlemen I know you're very
busy and I really really really really
happy that you took the time to come
here today and listen to this
presentation because it's very important
for all of us that would be like a
general respect phrase in your case I
don't know if you work together a lot
you could say something about the group
that you enjoy working then with them or
participating in this event with them
number three it's called an attention
grabber now a lot of people they just
jump into content the problem is that
our attention maybe somewhere else we're
focusing on something different so give
them an attention grabber
so what could that be I could be it
could be a really interesting number a
really interesting fact or kurios an
interesting tidbit of information in
regards to your presentation it could be
a demonstration that you quickly do
could be a quote which you can connect
back to it could be a story it could be
something that you draw quickly it could
be a joke beware of those though they
have to work and they should preferably
related to the subject as well just
imagine something that has let's grab
your attention before in life and add
that add an attention-grabber in your
presentation because what will happen is
boom people will focus and their
attention will go up and when you've
done that you can go to number four
which is subject or and agenda so here
you know after the attention grabber
people like wow I want to listen to this
and then you give so I'm going to talk
about this so then you give them the
agenda and which could be three or four
bullets for instance number five you
tell them what you are going to achieve
what is the objective of your
presentation this one is super important
because this this is their why why
should they sit there why should they
listen to you why should they invest
their valuable time this is where you
tell them that you say when are my
presentation is done you will know this
you will have learned this you will have
had this idea this is why they in this
time
number six tell them more about who you
are if they don't know who you are tell
them your background why you're so good
at what you do why are you the one
standing there talking to them about
this subject so this is ethos build
ethos build credibility these six six
six steps to give you an example I could
say ladies and gentlemen it is an
absolute pleasure to have you here today
thank you for coming this subject has an
incredible importance for all of you but
also to all our patients and everything
everybody we will be communicating to in
the
future now did you know that nothing in
your life nothing has a greater
influence over you
the newer ability or inability to
communicate it influences your
relationship your career being a parent
being a friend everything and that is
why we today are going to talk more
about communication at the end of this
day you will have practical tools and
tips which will be able to change your
life for forever
my name is David J P Phillips I run the
biggest training company in Sweden on
this subject I've done two TEDx talks
with millions of views I'm a global
speaker all over the world and one of
the leading coaches that you can find
today that would be an example of those
six steps now I like analogies and my
analogy for a presentation would sound
like this it's like flying an airplane
it's the start and the ending there are
the two most crucial parts of a
presentation as with a flight so the
ending for steps number one biggest
mistake people do is they end with
questions why is that a bad bad mistake
big big mistake because if you send out
questions at the end who controls your
ending the audience do you control the
audience so you just gave away your
ending to somebody it could be really
pissed off for instance so you deliver
this 60-minute presentation and then at
the end you get questions and it gets
like a sour mood in there what would
people remember because of this my
recommendation is that you do questions
first and then you do a summary and it
would sound something like this
before I summarize and conclude this
presentation does anyone of you have any
questions at all
you grab the questions you answer the
questions and from now on you own the
scene and your subject in the
presentation which means that you do
your summary now I've seen a lot of
people do summaries some of the worst
are people who take every single slide
they have into one slide they minimize
the text to six points and then they say
this is the summary this is what we
talked about it's like oh my god that
would never work so how many things
should you bring up in a summary based
on what we know about how the brain
works today the less the better it's as
simple as that don't go over three
threes like that's a limit for people if
you can do one even better
that's your summary and go back to your
core subject what is your core subject
this is where this should be summarized
we have confirm objectives number three
this is where you just you just act
professional because you said at the
beginning of this day I said that I was
going to give you tools and techniques
which could change and will change your
life forever do you feel that you
received those tools now if it's a
training you can ask the question but
it's if it's a presentation or a seminar
you would say I hope that you find this
really useful and will get really good
use for them in your life so in the
training you would say you would ask
them and in a presentation you would
simply assume number four the last one
it is called the finale
the grand finale the thing is this we
human beings have a tendency to remember
the last thing really really well the
last emotion from a movies what we'll
bring with us the last emotion from a
book is what will bring with us
the last emotion from a presentation is
what we'll reviewing with us and you can
hear me saying emotion emotion emotion
yeah this is where you should hit the
limbic system this is where you want
them to bring with them something which
they'll continue to think about so now
you can't grab an entire table you go
like I've got to go through this table I
don't even got another chart you know
give them an example a story give them
an image give them a video clip give
them options this or that end off with
something emotional now in combination
with these two video clips I will also
attach a documentation it's not a long
documentation it merely documents what
we've just gone through and also
attention grabbers and finals
attention-grabber came in the beginning
and finals at the end and you can use
that documentation just to get some
ideas on what you can put into your
presentation I'll just round this off by
saying that have a look at the TEDx and
good luck I hope that you're building
your powerpoints building your
presentations will go really well and I
look forward to seeing you in October
thank you very much