蜜蜂、蝴蝶等授粉昆虫正濒临灭绝 Our bees, butterflies and pollinating insects are dying out.
这群数量庞大的昆虫劳动力 为作物授粉 This giant insect workforce pollinate our crops,
如果它们消失了 多数我们喜爱的食物也会跟着消失 and if they disappear, most of our favourite foods will vanish too.
这是场复杂的灾难 是营养不足让我们的授粉昆虫 It's a complex crisis, but poor nutrition is leaving our insect pollinators
容易受到杀虫剂和寄生虫的伤害 vulnerable to pesticides and parasites.
我叫莎拉·瑞温 我正在开展一项唤醒人们的活动 I'm Sarah Raven, and I'm on a campaign to wake people up
为了阻止这个平静的灾难 我们都能做到的简单一步 and show everyone the simple steps we can all take to stop this quiet catastrophe.
事情是这样 如果我们都做一个清醒的决定 The thing is, if we all make a conscious decision
整个国家都种 富含花粉和花蜜的植物 to plant pollen and nectar-rich plants throughout the country,
我们合力就能全国嗡嗡一片了 together, we can get Britain buzzing again!
蜜蜂、蝴蝶与鲜花 Bees, Butterflies & Blooms ============ 记录片之家倾情奉献 http://www.jlpzj.com/ 本字幕仅供学习交流，严禁用于商业用途 ============ 翻译&时间轴：浅笑@纪录片之家 校对：样子@纪录片之家
在这个系列中 我将前往城镇和市区… In this series, I'm going to be campaigning in our towns and cities...
各位，早上好 Good morning, everybody.
向每个人展示 如何能使我们本地的景色 ..and showing everyone how we can make our urban landscapes,
我们的花园，我们的花 our gardens and our flower displays
更招蜜蜂和授粉昆虫喜爱 more friendly for bees and pollinators.
但首先，我要接受最大的挑战 But first of all, I'm going to take on the biggest challenge of all,
那就在农村 the countryside.
具有讽刺意味的是 There's a strange irony here.
把蜜蜂和蝴蝶照顾得更好的地方 Whereas we seem to have got better at looking after
看来是城镇和市区 our bees and butterflies in our towns and cities,
我们在农村做得还远远不够 we're just not doing enough in the countryside.
这是整个讨论中最大的问题 It's like it's become the elephant in the room in this whole debate.
农村幅员辽阔，情况复杂 The countryside is huge and it's a complicated subject.
所以我们都感觉无力 好像我们什么都做不了一样 And so we all tend to feel powerless, like we can't do anything about it.
但事实上，我们可以做到 我们得直面问题 But actually, we can, and we've got to face it head-on.
这个节目跨度一年 So in this programme, over the course of a year,
我在执行一个任务 要在农村种满授粉昆虫需要的野花 I'm on a mission to fill our countryside with the wildflowers our pollinators need.
从村镇公用绿地到毗邻的教堂院落 从野地到农场 From village greens and churchyards to fields and farmland.
我们可爱的野花 是王冠上被埋没的珠宝 Our precious wildflowers are the unsung jewels in our nation's crown.
它们已经织入我们的历史 我们的传统和我们国家本身 They're woven through our history, our heritage and our nation's identity.
它们用种类丰富的花粉和花蜜 And they support our bees, butterflies and pollinating insects
供养着蜜蜂、蝴蝶和授粉昆虫 with a rich variety of pollen and nectar.
无须置疑，当你坐在这样的地方 There's no doubt, when you're sitting in a place like this,
野花分外美丽 that wildflowers are exceptionally beautiful.
我想其中一个原因就是 它们的种类多得难以置信 I think one of the reasons is that you just get this incredible joyous abundance.
我喜欢它们的五颜六色 I just like the en-masse colour.
但我认为野花最特别的地方在于 But I think the thing about wildflowers is that they're just remarkably
非常的坚韧和实干 tough and good doers.
它们在这里完全适应 随着英国一起进展 You know, they're totally adapted to be here. They've evolved with Britain,
是我们真正想要珍藏和照料的植物 and they're the plants that we really want to treasure and look after.
但现代农业已经把农村 改造得适应人类食物需要 But modern agriculture has transformed our countryside to meet our demands for food.
据估计，我们已经失去了 98%富含野花的产地，触目惊心 It's now estimated that we've lost a staggering 98% of our wildflower-rich habitats.
我们对杀虫剂和除草剂的依赖 让问题雪上加霜 And added to that, we've come to rely on pesticides and herbicides.
许多科学家和自然资源保护者 现在确信这两个因素 Many scientists and conservationists now believe that these two factors
让我们的野花和授粉昆虫 更难以存活 are making it hard for our wildflowers and our pollinating insects to survive.
步行穿过小麦地的时候 会发觉很奇怪 It's a strange thing walking through a wheat field,
因为驾车或步行或什么别的方式 穿过这里，当你看着这片土地 because when you sort of see it, as you pass it in a car or on a walk or whatever,
你感觉它美丽富饶 you feel that it's this beautiful productive thing,
但当你真正停下来 but then if you actually sort of stop
站在像这样的地方 and stand in a place like this,
发现这里连一只蜜蜂也没有 there's just not a single bee,
也见不到食蚜蝇 there's not a hoverfly,
也见不到蝴蝶 there's not a butterfly.
那是因为这里没有野花 And it's because there are no wildflowers.
在应用除草剂和杀虫剂以前 Before herbicides and before pesticides,
穿过这里的这条路上 你能看到谷地杂草 you would have had cornfield weeds right the way through this,
你应该能看到虞美人 麦仙翁和万寿菊 you would have had corn poppies and corn cockle and marigolds,
许多绚烂的颜色 and lots of splashes of colour.
事实上，现在看起来 真的是野生生物的荒漠 And the truth is, it's now really like a wildlife desert.
这里简直啥也没有 There's almost literally nothing here.
但是我们为什么如此忧心于 农村不再遍布野花？ 'But why should we care if our countryside isn't full of flowers
不再充满蜜蜂、大黄蜂 和授粉昆虫的嗡嗡叫声 'and buzzing with honey bees, bumble bees and pollinating insects?
它真的会影响我们大多数 住在城镇和市区的人吗？ 'Does it really affect the majority of us that live in towns and cities?'
我认为，只有当你来到超市 或者买食物的地方 I think it's only when you come to a supermarket, or wherever you do your food shopping,
你才能全神贯注的思考这个事情 that you can really concentrate and think about it,
思考授粉昆虫 对我们的日常饮食有多么重要 and how important our insect pollinators are to our everyday diet.
只有当我站在这里 看着所有的这些东西的时候 And just when I'm standing here looking at all these things,
苹果 apples,
梨 pears,
草莓，红莓 strawberries, raspberries,
油桃 nectarines,
桃子 peaches,
所有的都需要昆虫授粉 all things that require insect pollination.
当然，也有其它的也需要 And then, of course, there are others too,
许多外国产的东西，比如鳄梨 more exotic things like avocadoes,
石榴、芒果、椰子、甜瓜 pomegranates, mangoes, coconuts, melons.
这些其实只是冰山的一角 And that, in fact, is only the tip of the iceberg.
克里斯·夏洛克是公司的食品专家 'Chris Shearlock, the Co-op's expert on sustainable food,
给我们上了一堂 关于未来会怎么样的严酷课程 'gives a stark lesson in what the future holds.'
你到之前我做的一件事 One of the things I was doing before you arrived
就是为一个家庭的早餐购买食物 was to really do a shop for a family breakfast.
然后我立刻发现作为一个家庭来说 And the thing that immediately struck me was how dependant we would be as a family
我们每时每刻吃的东西 都离不开授粉昆虫 on things that are insect pollinated that we eat, you know, all the time.
每时每刻，虽然不能说完全依赖 All the time. And if they're not completely reliant,
它们的确很有帮助 then they're certainly very helpful,
能提高产量和降低物价等等 in terms of increasing yields and reducing prices and so on.
所以非常非常重要 So it's very, very important.
我想如果你要说明这件事 I think if you want to illustrate this, it would be fun to take away
把依赖昆虫授粉的东西拿走 会比较有趣 the things which are reliant upon insect pollination.
- 那就开始吧，草莓 - 草莓，好的 - So let's start. Strawberries. - Strawberries, yeah.
- 其它的浆果呢？ - 当然是 - The other berries? - Most definitely.
- 苹果、桃子和油桃 - 把它们放到篮子里 - Apples, peaches and nectarines. - Put them in the basket.
- 我们不能喝苹果汁 - 苹果汁也没了或是大量减少了 - We can't drink apple juice. - Apples are gone, or greatly reduced.
- 果汁饮料 - 果汁饮料，当然也没了 - Smoothies. - Smoothie. Absolutely, that's out.
- 像水果酸奶也得拿出去 - 对，还有果酱 - Things like fruit yogurt. - Yeah. Jam.
这些也没了，对吧？ That's out of the window, isn't it?
好，我不再期待早餐了 Well, I'm not looking forward to breakfast now.
剩下的可以给我了吧？ Am I allowed the rest, am I?
呃，不，实际上还有几个东西 Er... No. There's actually a few more things in there
得拿出来，不管你相信与否 which need to come out, believe it or not.
我们这儿里的咖啡 依赖蜜蜂和其它的昆虫授粉 We've got coffee here, very much reliant on bees and other insects for pollination.
- 是吗？ - 所以，我们得把咖啡放在这儿 - Is that right? - So, let's put the coffee in here.
- 还有什么？巧克力也得拿走 - 看起来太糟糕了 - What else? You've got a chocolate spread... - It's really looking pretty bad!
信不信由你，可可需要蜜蜂授粉 Cocoa, believe it or not, requires bees for pollination,
所以让我们把巧克力摆在这儿 so let's put the chocolate spread in there.
你剩下的东西就是 依靠风授粉和自授粉的了 So, yeah, what you're left with is all the things which are wind pollinated or self pollinated.
所以基本上 要享用早晨令人愉快的卡布基诺 So, basically, if you want your lovely cappuccino of a morning,
晚上一品托苹果酒 your pint of cider of an evening,
和一棒巧克力，就都没戏了吧？ and a bar of chocolate, you're done for, aren't you?
那非常正确 没有蜜蜂和其它的授粉昆虫 That's absolutely right. A lot of the more interesting things to eat,
许多有趣的食物和 许多味道鲜美的调味料都不会存在 a lot of the more vibrant flavours are gone without bees and other insect pollinators.
你只剩下些麦片和面包一类的东西 What you're left with are things like porridge or bread.
所以就会变得很单调 So it's going to be a bit dull.
所以简单说来 如果没有蜜蜂和其它授粉昆虫 'So, in simple terms, without our bees and pollinating insects,
我们超市的货架将面目全非 'our supermarket shelves would be unrecognisable.'
在整个乡间和农场 我们还有能做的事情 But there are things that we could do all across our countryside and farmland
帮助授粉昆虫改变减少的状况 to help reverse the declines and help our pollinators.
乘客车在乡间旅行最棒的 One of the great things about travelling on a bus in the countryside
就是你真的高高在上 is that you're really high up.
我特别喜欢以每小时30英里的速度 观察野生植物 And, erm, I quite like botanising at about 30 miles an hour!
像这样一个美丽的夏日 就看起来更美了 Much as it looks really beautiful on a beautiful summer's day like this,
我有点想让自己倒退40到50年 I kind of want to put myself back 40 or 50 years.
不像你现在看到 这么多的小麦和耕地 It wouldn't just be like you've got now, a lot of wheat and arable.
那儿该有个池塘，那儿该有耕地 那儿该有片牧场 There would be a pond, there would be some arable, there would be some pastureland,
那儿该有许多植树篱 那儿该是一小片地 there would be many more hedgerows, there would be smaller fields,
那里通常会有更多的花 and there would just generally be more flowers.
我到达了北安普敦郡的一个小村 克瑞顿 I've arrived in Creaton, a small village in Northamptonshire.
根据一项最近的调查 这里野花种类的消失率 According to a recent survey, the rate of loss of wildflower species
明显高于英国的其它县 is higher in this county than any other in England.
有一个极其明显的事实 It's a stark fact, but Creaton,
克瑞顿地处于被威廉·布莱克称为 set in the heart of what William Blake called
“英格兰的绿色舒适之地”的中心 "England's green and pleasant land"
这是完美英国村庄的典型例子 is a typical example of what appears to be the perfect English village.
但对于我们的野花和授粉昆虫来说 But for our wildflowers and pollinating insects,
现在根本是贫瘠之地 it's now a fundamentally poorer place.
大家好！ Hello, everybody!
我已经选择这个 如画的小村庄开始我的活动 'I've chosen this picturesque village to start my campaign
我也安排了一个会议 同当地居民谈话 'and have arranged a meeting to talk to the residents
谈我们要做些什么 才能使野花和授粉昆虫回归到 'about what they could do to bring back the flowers and pollinators
毗邻教堂的院落、边沿 最好还能到村镇的公用绿地 'to church yards, verges, and hopefully the village green.'
我们试着让居民种植更多的野花 We're trying to get people to grow more wildflowers,
也许还能让村子的一些公用地区 and also to perhaps think about allowing some of the common areas in the village
回到有些野花的时代 to go back to wildflowers a little bit.
我们惯有这样的观点，未经修剪 就不干净利落，这并不正确 We have this attitude that if something isn't mown, it's untidy, and it's not right.
但不幸的是 授粉昆虫正处于危机关头 But unfortunately, the insects are in a state of crisis,
事实上我们得去面对 and we have got to actually just... we've got to face that
不该一直想：“哦，明天再说吧” and not keep thinking, "Ooh! It'll be tomorrow,"
因为那不是明天，就发生在现在 cos it isn't tomorrow, it's now.
凯蒂·马斯特斯 是村子里的一位年轻母亲 'Katie Masters, a young mother from the village,
行政堂区委员会主席斯坦·帕林思 'and the head of the Parish Council, Stan Perrins,
带我们去考察可能生长野花的地点 'took me off to explore potential wildflower sites.'
- 那是毗邻教堂的新院落 - 从那里穿过去 - That's the new part of the churchyard. - It's through there.
就是以前的院子… And then there's the old...
这个毗邻教堂的院落真美啊，是吧？ Well, it's a beautiful churchyard, isn't it?
是的 It is, yes.
但这个院子里的野花 已经被修剪得临近生存的边缘 But the wildflowers in the churchyard have been mown to the edge of existence.
这里是潜在的好地方 在这里它们可以好好生长 Potentially, it's a brilliant area where they could be encouraged.
这里有很多的花儿 There's lots of flowers here,
只是在等待合适的机会重换生机 just waiting for the right opportunity to re-establish themselves.
这是婆婆纳、金钱薄荷、水杨梅 There's speedwell here, ground ivy, wood avens,
野毛茛、牧毛茛 field buttercup, meadow buttercup,
那叫做伤草 and that's woundwort, that one's called.
哦，你那是续随子 它们是自交体，真不错 Oh, and you've got caper spurge, they're self sown. That's nice.
我觉得这真是太棒了 Well, I think this would be just fabulous.
这是双赢，对吧？ Well, it's a win-win, isn't it?
连村中草坪也无法逃出我的双眼 Even the village green is not going to escape my beady eye.
我们民族沉迷于修剪草坪 对野花来说没什么好处 Our national obsession with mowing does little to help wildlife
也会耗费我们委员会的一大笔费用 and it costs all our councils a fortune.
但仅仅减少修剪 白三叶草这样的植物就能开花 But just reducing the mowing allows plants like white clover to flower,
它对大黄蜂可有很大的好处 which is hugely beneficial to our bumblebees.
如果绿地的一个角落 能够留给野花和长草生长 But if a corner of the green could be left to wildflowers and long grass,
那将会产生很大的影响 it would have a much bigger impact.
我觉得这会很棒 那样孩子们就会有自己修剪的地方 Well, I think this would be perfect, cos then the kids have got their mown bit
来玩足球什么的 for playing football and things.
因为在公用区域 Because it's in a public space,
所以得能很快见到效果才行 you're going to need to be able to see something fairly quickly.
- 是的 - 因此 - Yes, yes... - So...
- 即使仅一小块或者是一小片… - 是啊 - Even if it's just a few bits and pieces... - Yes. Yes.
…也是良好意愿的体现 ..as an act of good faith.
现在要看凯蒂的了，还有斯坦 和委员会的其它成员和其它居民 Now it's up to Katie, Stan and the rest of the Parish Council and the residents of Creaton
真的把我的想法落实到行动 to really get behind my ideas and match words with some action.
我们能把它交给谁？ 这活动我能依靠你吗？ So where shall we leave it? Can I hand the campaign on to you?
你会和教区委员会谈吗？ Will you talk to the Parish Council?
我会在教区委员会议上谈这事情 We'll... I'll talk about it in the Parish Council.
我能过一段时间回来 看看你是怎么做的吗？ And can I come back in a little while, and just see how, how you're doing?
- 没问题 - 好！ - That'll be fine. - Good!
让我们期待明年 会有一片多花的绿地 And let's hope we'll have a flowery green by next year,
- 或者在绿地的一部分 - 是，绿地的一部分 - or part of the green. - Yeah, part of the green.
再过一年，我们就能翻倍 And then next year, we can double it.
所有的看起来都那么阳光 'It all seems so sunny,
但是我感觉到一旦言语转化为行动 'but I'm sensing that once words have to be turned into deeds,
就不会一帆风顺 'it might not be plain sailing.
也许是我在短时间内 要求的变化太大 'Perhaps I'm asking for too big a change to happen overnight,
但至少我让人们思考 'but at least I've got people thinking.'
像许多我们的乡村县一样 北安普敦郡 Like many of our rural counties, there are good reasons why Northamptonshire
在过去的70年中 有如此的变化很自然 has changed over the last 70 years or so.
二战以后, 政府认为 After the war, the government decided there was a real need
国家的农业现代化迫在眉睫 to modernise the nation's agriculture
由于食物短缺和定量供应 as food shortages and rationing lingered.
我们需要种植更多的食物 We needed to grow more food.
整个英国，政府援助了大约 30万贫瘠的农场 Across the UK, around 300,000 unproductive farms were given government aid,
另外还有两万多平方公里的耕地 and an additional five-and-a-half million acres of land
以使粮食产量翻倍 was used to try and double food production.
所以从六十年代晚期 到七十年代早期 So by the late '60s into the early '70s,
随着机械化和化肥与杀虫剂的发明 with mechanisation and the invention of chemical fertilisers and pesticides,
我们的农村地貌 发生了翻天覆地的变化 our countryside landscape was totally transformed.
法瑞顿家族从20世纪早期 就开始在北安普敦郡耕种 The Farrington family have been farming in Northamptonshire since the early 1900s,
经历了那整个十年的变化 and have experienced the changes through the decades.
那是爸爸，女儿们，快看呐 There's Daddy, girls, look at that!
他又把帽子戴上了 He's got his cap on as well.
邓肯·法瑞顿 是土生土长的博顿农场人 Duncan Farrington was born and brought up on Bottom Farm
是家族中经营这项生意的第四代 and is the fourth generation of the family to run the business,
和他的父亲罗伯特合伙经营 and manages the land in partnership with his father, Robert.
这是我的父亲，你们的… This is then my father, your...
曾祖父 Great-granddad.
我们在把树篱推走 There we are, pushing the hedges out.
当然啦，我们从可爱的小块田地 发展到了宏伟的大牧场 But, of course, we went from lovely little fields to great big prairies.
我们把桩子推倒，推到树根旁边 Now this is where we're shoving a bar down in the ground, next to the tree roots,
你们可以看到 我们很快就要把桩子拨出来 and we're going to lift the bar out in a minute, you can see this,
然后把一些炸药放下去，把炕盖上 and then you put some gelignite down and cover the hole up,
往后退，把树根炸出来 and stood back, and it used to blow the roots out.
- 轰！ - 是的 - Boom! - Yes.
值得商榷的是，农村的最大变化 是政府在全国资助的 Arguably, the biggest change to our countryside was a nationwide government-funded scheme
把树篱连根拨起 以创造能容纳大型机械的大片田地 to uproot hedges to create enormous fields which could accommodate vast machinery
好适应大量食物生产的需要 suitable for large-scale food production.
数十万公里的植物篱从农村消失了 Hundreds of thousands of miles of hedgerows vanished from our countryside,
随它们而去的还有 各种各样的野花和植物 and along with them went the rich variety of wildflowers and plants
那些花之前生长在田野边界 that grew alongside the boundaries and borders of our fields.
但是在博顿农场，邓肯和罗伯特 已经开始开展了许多项目 But at Bottom Farm, Duncan and Robert have started a number of projects
用于把野花唤回 to bring the wildlife back.
那里我们已经种植了树篱… Where we've planted hedges...
这里，树篱的主要品种是 英国山楂，就是这个 Here, the majority of the hedges are quick thorn, which is this.
我们也有犬蔷薇 But then, in there also, you've got dog rose here,
深处的地方是黑莓、榛木 blackberry bush further down there, hazel,
这就是我们这几年种的树篱 so the hedges that we've planted over the years.
因此它们就是 土生的落叶性树篱品种 So they've been your native, deciduous hedge species.
在我们的右边是油菜籽地 On our right is a field of rape seed,
那是我们想种的经济作物 so that's the crop we want to grow as farmers,
我希望尽最大能力去种好它们 and we want to grow that to the best of our ability.
作为一个农民 看过去还不错，对吧？ And looking across that, as a farmer, that's not bad, is it?
- 又漂亮又干净… - 没有杂草，这点可不一样 - It's nice and clean... - Yes, there's no weeds coming through, which makes a change!
但愿我们能收获许多油菜籽 那就是太棒了 Hopefully, we're going to get lots of rape seed from that, you know, and that's brilliant.
然后这之间六米宽的地方 And then the six metres in-between here,
自然野生草原，它是个野生生物带 we've let that down to naturally regenerating grassland. It's a wildlife strip.
邓肯把这多草空地带加入牧场很好 It's great that Duncan has put in these grassy margins,
不过如果他把花加到其中 but if he added wildflowers into the mix,
各种各样的花粉和花蜜就真能够 吸引昆虫帮助他的作物授粉 the wider variety of pollen and nectar could really help the insects that pollinate his crops.
我想要劝说他 还有全国所有农民和地主都这么做 I want to convince him and all our farmers and landowners across the nation to do this,
那真的就能够帮助野花们 and it really could help both wildflower populations
同时还可以帮助授粉昆虫 and our pollinators at the same time.
谈到种植野花 But when it comes to growing wildflowers,
有一个前农民知道怎么做 there's one ex-farmer who knows exactly how to do it.
25年以前，在多塞特的乡下 25 years ago, in rural Dorset,
派姆·李维斯和她已故的丈夫 从农场退休并买下了一个小块地 Pam Lewis and her late husband retired from farming and bought a smallholding
把培育野花转为艺术 and turned cultivating wildflowers into an art form.
这就是草地? So this is the meadow?
- 是的，这是最新开垦的草地 - 对 - Yes, this is the newly-created meadow. - Right.
为了达到这样 And in order to achieve this,
有人建议我挖走 地表最为肥沃的泥土 I was advised to scrape away the particularly fertile top soil,
我们大概挖了10多厘米 which we did, about six to eight inches,
然后种进非常贫瘠的底层土 and sow into the quite hostile subsoil.
- 我非常幸运能够得到本地的种子 - 对 - And I was lucky to receive seed of local provenance. - Right.
因此你看到的都来自于本地草场 So everything that you see came from local meadows.
但染料木取得支配地位的就很离奇 But it's extraordinary how the dyer's greenweed has predominated.
- 简直像一块地毯，不是吗？ - 它到处都是 - It's literally like a carpet, isn't it? - It's formed a matrix.
小鼻花已经击败了几乎所有的草 And the yellow rattle has actually seen off almost all of the grass,
它仍给了这些 可爱的产蜜植物一些机会 and it still gives the opportunity for some of these lovely nectar plants,
比如藿香、山萝卜和矢车菊 such as betony and devil's-bit scabious and knapweed,
所有的这些植物 你都可以在花园里种植 all of which are plants that you could grow in your garden,
包括染料木 including the dyer's greenweed,
因此任何一个有小花园的人 都能有这样的效果 so anyone with a small garden could produce a similar result in a small way.
你不必在花园里开出 草场那样大的地方来种植它们 You don't just have to have areas of meadow to have them in your garden.
是的，你在非常小的一块地里 就可以种植，也会吸引授粉昆虫 No, you can do it in a very small patch and still attract pollinating insects,
这才是我们真正要做的 which is what we all need to be doing, for sure.
除了具有建造草地的非凡才能 As well as an incredible flair for creating meadows,
派姆已经发现了怎样延长花期 Pam has discovered how to get a much longer lasting display.
这就是我所说的圆形阵 得名于它环形特点 This is what I call a henge, because of its circular nature.
- 这里以前是一个驯马场 - 是吗？ - This used to be a horse school. - Did it?
- 是的，那就是为什么 - 这里是一个环形 - And that's why it's... - In a circle, yes.
我就种下种子，然后让其自然生长 I just sowed this and then let it progress in its own way,
因此这是本地植物的一个大集会 保留了我对矢车菊的钟爱 so it's a concentration of native plants, keeping my particular interest in knapweed.
因此，有些花已经开过了 So, I mean, there are some already going over
也有一些还在开放，像这个一样 and there are some still to come, like this one here.
是的，那就是我感兴趣的地方 这样延长了花季 Yes, that's what I'm interested in, prolonging the season,
特别是用一种植物来达成 particularly using one plant.
精心地选择一些开花早的 By carefully selecting seed from the ones that flower early
和一些开花晚的 and the ones that flower late,
在派姆花园里的矢车菊花期 有几个月长，而不仅仅是几周 the knapweeds in Pam's garden stay in flower for months, rather than just a few weeks.
除了矢车菊 你对别的植物做过同样的事情吗？ Apart from the knapweeds, have you done that with other plants as well?
是的，我也这样试过山萝卜 Yes, I've done it with devil's-bit scabious,
我从本地墓园采的种子 which I've rescued seed from our local cemetery,
采自一个开花早的种类 from a very early flowering form.
然后也引入了一种开花晚的种类 And then, also introduced a later flowering one,
因此我已经得到六周的花期 so I've got a difference of six weeks.
真是天才 That's absolute genius,
因为园丁们挑剔 野花草坪的罪证之一 because one of the criticisms that gardeners have of wildflower meadows
就是他们认为野花非常短暂 生命很快就凋谢 is that they see them as something that is very transient, that goes over so quickly,
但如果能够把这种广季植物散播开 but if you can scatter these wider season plants through,
那就成功了，对吧？ then you're on to a winner, aren't you?
当然，对于蜜蜂和蝴蝶 甚至各种昆虫 Absolutely. And they're all top-class nectar plants for our bees, butterflies,
它们都是一等的产蜜植物 the whole range of insects.
你在这也种野生胡萝卜 And you've got wild carrot in here too.
是的，我认为野生胡萝卜 是世界上最美的野花之一 Yes, wild carrot is, I think, one of the most beautiful wildflowers in the world.
它不吸引蜜蜂和蝴蝶 但你能看到它和军甲虫在一起 It doesn't attract bees and butterflies, but it is, as you can see, populated with soldier beetles.
它们在上面爬来爬去 It's absolutely crawling.
是的，那是它们的最爱 Yes, it's their top totty.
太美了 Beautiful.
派姆已经给我展示了 怎样建立既美丽又花期长的地方 Pam has shown me how it's possible to make both a very long flowering and beautiful space,
与此同时，这里对本地昆虫来说 也是难得的绿洲 and at the same time, somewhere that's an incredible oasis for our native insects.
但像这样的地方真是少之又少 But places like this are few and far between,
关于野花的另一部分问题是 我们似乎不再关心它们 and part of the problem for wildflowers is that we don't seem to care about them any more.
正因如此，据估计 And because of that, it's now estimated
五分之一的野生植物都高度濒危 that one in every five of our wild plants is at high risk from extinction.
我想在近一个世纪里 甚至就在我的生命里 I think over the last sort of century really, but even over my lifetime,
我们已经同野花 和自然世界分开太久了 we have got rather removed from our wildflowers and our natural environment.
比如我的孩子 My kids, for instance,
我确信他们不会认得那么多植物 I'm not sure they would recognise that many plants.
我是说他们对花园植物更熟悉 I mean, they know garden plants better.
我认为我们处于由于不认识植物 而不珍视它们的危险之中 I think we are in danger of not valuing our wildflowers because we don't know them.
如果我们与野花更多的联系 肯定有好处 It can only be positive if we reconnect more with our wildflowers,
如果这样做了，就会更珍视它们 and if we do, we'll treasure them more.
会形成良性循环，因为在我国 It becomes a virtuous circle, because the wildflowers in this country
野花是很多事物的基石 are the absolute foundation stone for just so much.
回到克瑞顿镇 我受到年轻妈妈凯蒂的鼓舞 'Back in Creaton, I've encouraged young mum Katie
召集了一群人 'to get a group together
在邻近科顿庄园花园的地方 开垦一块草坪 'to explore a meadow at nearby Coton Manor Gardens.'
那儿长着那么多的植物… There are just so many things growing...
- 看起来很可爱 - 很有趣 - It just looks so lovely. - It's interesting,
有很多不同的层次，对吧？ all the different levels, isn't it?
就像是热带雨林 在各个层次都能看到东西 It's like a rainforest. At every level, you've got something else to look at.
我希望看到这些能鼓励他们 I'm hoping that seeing this will encourage them to get going
在村里把语言落实到行动 and really turn words into deeds back in the village.
- 这真是五彩缤纷呀 - 的确很美，对吧？ - Look at that mix of colours though. I mean... - It's beautiful, isn't it?
花园里是没法安排的这么美丽的 You know, you couldn't plan a garden to look as beautiful as that.
没错 No.
哦！看这里的这些甲虫 Oh! All those little beetles in there.
哦，看那只小蜜蜂 带着条纹状的白肚子 Oh, look at that bee, with a stripy white bottom.
要是靠近仔细看 就能看到一层层的小虫和甲虫 As soon as you get your eye in, you just see layer upon layer of bugs and beetles.
那边那个是什么？是兰花吗？ Now, what's that down there, on its own? Is that an orchid?
莱勒基，你能看到吗？就在上面 Lilacy. Can you see, up there?
你看到籽荚了吧？它们会变干 Can you see the seed pods there? They dry,
种子会落下来，回到这儿的泥土里 and the seeds will go down, back into the ground here.
会再次生根发芽 And it'll all start again.
看来这一小群人是被说服了 This small group seem to be convinced,
但是否会将理念转化为行动 克瑞顿镇会布满野花吗？ but will that translate into action and more wildflowers across Creaton?
但愿如此 I really hope so.
野花不仅仅为农村带来了色彩 'But it's not just about bringing colour to the countryside.
它起到的作用还有很多 'Wildflowers do a whole lot more than that.
一些近来的研究表明 蜜蜂和授粉昆虫的衰落 'Some recent research has directly linked the decline in bee and pollinator numbers
与野花的生境的丧失直接挂钩 'to the loss of wildflower habitats.
科学家们也发现 我们的蜜蜂和授粉昆虫 'And scientists have discovered that our honey bees and pollinators
需要许多不同种类的花粉和花蜜 来构建其免疫系统 'need lots of different types of pollen and nectar to build their immune systems.'
没有多样性的花为食 Without this diversity of flower food,
蜜蜂群体就会变得衰弱 抵抗力也会变低 bee colonies can become weak and have lower disease resistance.
赛门·鲍茨博士 是该项研究领域的顶尖专家 Dr Simon Potts is a leading expert in this field of research.
不同种类的野花 Wildflowers in all their diversity
供养不同种类的蜜蜂种群 help support diverse bee communities.
实际上，英国有250多种蜜蜂 In fact, there's more than 250 species of bee in the UK.
- 真的吗？ - 不同种蜜蜂执行不同的授粉任务 - Are there, really? - And different bees do different pollinating jobs,
- 我们都需要 - 原来如此 - so we need them all. - Yeah.
不能仅依靠一种或两种蜜蜂 You can't just rely on one or two species.
为了它们的健康和繁盛 它们需要多样性的野花 But for them to be good and healthy, they need really diverse wildflowers,
因为野花为蜜蜂提供 不同种类的食物和营养 because the flowers provide different sorts of food and nutrients for them.
因此我觉得你可以想像 So I suppose you could think about us,
如果我们日复一日 只吃单一的现成的食物 if we just ate the same ready meal night after night after night,
那可能真的极其不健康 that would really be incredibly unhealthy,
因为我们漏掉了许多维生素 矿物质和微量营养素 because we'd miss lots of vitamins and minerals and micro nutrients.
对于蜜蜂也一样，它们需要多样性 The same for bees, they need a variety.
这样的令人惊奇的科学 也不过是简单的常识罢了 As amazing as this science is, it really is just complete commonsense.
如果它们每天不能吃到五类食物 就会像我们一样营养不良而生病 If we take away their five a day, they're going to become malnourished and ill, just like us,
这样就难以存活 and find it harder to survive.
所以如果我们有这些多样的花 So if we have these diverse flowers,
我们就能够为多种蜜蜂提供食物 we can provide food for a diverse set of bees,
这些蜜蜂就会继续工作 确保我们的许多作物得到授粉 these bees then go on to do the work to make sure many of our crops are pollinated,
那就意味着我们作为消费者 有了很多的食物来源 and it means that us as a consumer, we have a great variety of food sources.
所以就有了整条食物链 So you've got almost the whole chain.
我们健康和多样的饮食基础 就来源于此 And the foundation for our varied and healthy diet is here,
来源于各色俱全的野生植物 in a wide selection of wild plants.
的确如此 Absolutely.
回到位于北安普敦郡的克瑞顿镇 今天是我这项活动的宣判日 Back in Creaton, in Northamptonshire, it's judgement day for my campaign.
二十世纪早期村子的明信片 Postcards of the village from the early 1900s
清楚地让人想起 clearly suggest a place
这里曾是不沉迷于草坪修剪 更多地与野生植物接触的地方 less obsessed with mowing and more in touch with its wild plants.
但教区委员会 会再接受它们的野生状态吗？ But will the Parish Council want to re-embrace their wild side?
我们将从生物多样性规划开始 We'll begin with the biodiversity programme.
我们请萨拉·瑞温 和我们十几个人讲讲 We had Sarah Raven talking to a group of about a dozen or so of us
从社区角度我们能做些什么 about what we could do by way of a community
才能增加农村地区的生物多样性 in order to try and increase biodiversity in the village,
有更多的野花 吸引更多的授粉昆虫等等 more wildflowers and the various insects, etc that they would attract into the village.
基本就是为环境尽自己的力量 To do our bit for the environment, basically.
因为我毕生都在那里生活 Because I've lived here all my life,
我童年的大量时间 a vast amount of my childhood
都同马、羊、牛在那片绿地上 was spent on that green with horses and sheep and cows
还有割晒干草那些事情 and hay making, and all those things,
对于我来说，如果可能的话 我非常希望有片地方可以回到过去 so to me, I would dearly love a section of it to go back long, if that would be possible.
大家觉得怎么样？ How do people feel about that?
凯蒂对于活动的热情显而易见 Katie's passion for the campaign is obvious,
但委员会的其他人就没那么热心了 but the rest of the Parish Council seem less enthused.
但经过深入讨论 一位议员提出了建议 But after further discussion, one of the councillors has a suggestion.
2010年是联合国 国际生物多样性年 2010 is the UN International Year Of Biodiversity.
本着这项精神，我建议委员会 With this in mind, I would like to suggest that the Parish Council
协调克瑞顿镇的生物种类多样性 co-ordinate the creation of a Creaton Village biodiversity group.
建立一个小组的想法是一个开始 The idea of forming a group is a start,
但是我担心那会给委员会 改变原来决定的机会 but I'm worried that it could give the Parish Council the opportunity to deflect a decision.
我担心真正采取行动 还得等上一阵子 I fear it could be a while before there's any real action.
在克瑞顿镇讨论我的提议的同时 But whilst Creaton debate my proposal,
我要出发去找出 我们最喜欢的授粉昆虫的信息了 I'm off to find out more information about one of our favourite pollinators
希望那会帮助我 说服其他人加入我的行动 that will hopefully help me convince others to join my campaign.
尼基·盖门博士一直 在和肯特各地的农民合作 Dr Nikki Gammans is working with farmers all across Kent
鼓励他们播种苜蓿和野花 to encourage them to sow areas of land with clover and wildflower habitat.
这项计划的目的是给濒危的大黄蜂 建立一个广泛的蜜源网络 The aim of the project is to make an extensive network of nectar for endangered bumblebees.
这个新栖息地会帮它们散播到各郡 使它们的数量成倍地增长 This new habitat will then help them spread out into the county and multiply their numbers.
我觉得我可能抓到了一只罕见的 Oh, I think I might have caught a rare one here.
是的，那是褐带清梳联蜜蜂 Yes, that's the brown bandied carder bee. That one.
褐带清梳联蜜蜂 其实是英国非常罕见的蜜蜂 Bombus humilis, and it's actually quite a rare bee here in the UK.
它是濒危蜜蜂中的一种 It's one of our endangered bees.
因此当你着手捕捉的时候 你留意找罕见的品种 So as you go about catching, you're looking out for the rare ones,
它们中有多少种 已经要么消亡了，要么接近消亡 and how many of them are actually either extinct or nearly extinct?
我们的25种之中 有两种在过去的六年中已经灭绝了 Of our 25 species, two have actually gone extinct over the last six years,
有七种快要绝种了 它们非常珍贵，正受到威胁 seven of them are endangered, they're rare and threatened,
很大一部分原因 要归咎于栖息地的丧失 and that's largely due to the loss of habitat for them.
给我讲讲这个特别的地方 Tell me a little bit about this particular site
为什么它对蜜蜂如此重要 and why it's so important to the bumblebees.
过去的十年中，我一直致力于 Well, this has been worked here for the last ten years
在此创建理想的大黄蜂栖息地 to create the ideal bumblebee habitat,
因此很多的红苜蓿 很多的鸟脚三叶草 so lots of red clover, lots of bird's foot trefoil,
也有许多野豌豆和连理草 lots of vetch and vetchlings as well.
那就是为什么我与这个地区农民 和地主的合作如此重要 That's why it's so important that I work with farmers and other landowners over this area
因此蜜蜂得以在这里筑巢， 最好它们会继续传播开 so the bees can nest there, and hopefully, they will just continue to disperse out.
那就是为什么农民 在这个系统中非常重要 So that's why farmers are so important in this system,
为这些蜜蜂创建一个栖息地 使我们得以帮助它们提升数量 to create habitat for these bees so that we can help their numbers
当然也帮助了它们为农作物授粉 and of course help their pollination of their crops as well.
- 地主帮助蜜蜂，蜜蜂也帮助地主 - 的确如此！ - The landowners help the bee and the bee helps the landowner. - Exactly!
- 他们都帮助了彼此，互利共生 - 太棒了 - It's a mutualism, they both help each other. - Brilliant.
和尼基在一起的时光真的很高兴 It was really great spending that time with Nikki,
因为那使我意识到 because it just made me realise that
在这个花园里 如果没有大黄蜂我就会失败 in the garden here, I'd be lost without the bumblebee,
番茄是一个非常好的例子 and a tomato is a really, really good example of that.
大黄蜂飞过来会撞到花 The good old bumblebee comes in and it knocks the flower,
因为它矮矮胖胖的 cos it's quite a chunky insect.
这对花粉的散播至关重要 And that is absolutely crucial to the release of the pollen.
因此接下来受精、花构成果实 And so then, the fertilisation and so fruit formation of that flower.
能从这一束里看出来 那朵花正在开放 And as you can see from this truss, you know, that flower is out now,
但其它的都已被蜜蜂授粉受精了 but the others have already been fertilised and pollinated by the bee.
你能想像我得到这里 做蜜蜂的工作的情景吗？ Can you imagine if I had to come in here and do the role of the bee?
番茄秧的每一束上 So each flower on each truss opened
每一朵开着的花都需要我亲自授粉 of all my tomato plants, I'd have to pollinate them myself.
那简直是一项全职工作 I mean, it literally would be a full-time job,
因此如果没有那种娇弱的 笨拙可爱的昆虫 and so without that kind of slightly bumbly, clumsy, sweet insect,
我将不会得到像番茄这么好的作物 I'm not going to get nearly such a good crop of tomatoes.
据估计在欧洲生长的植物中 'It's estimated that 84% of the crops we grow in Europe
有84%直接依靠昆虫授粉 尤其是蜜蜂 'depend directly on insect pollinators, especially bees,
没有昆虫的帮助 食物链就可能坍塌 'and without this service, our food chain could collapse.'
但不仅仅是克瑞顿镇的村民和农民 But it's not just farmers and the villagers of Creaton,
我们每一个人都应该尽一点力量 帮助蜜蜂们和蝴蝶们 every single one of us can do our bit to help the bees and butterflies
应该多种些野花 and grow more wildflowers.
我在考察当地的一个草坪 想收集一小点种子回家以后种 I'm exploring a local meadow to collect a small amount of seed to establish back at home,
种子收藏专家 苏·艾维尔特能教我怎么做 and expert seed collector Sue Everett can show me how.
这个特别的大草坪的颜色 There's a lot less colour
比一个月之前少了很多 than there was a month ago in this particular meadow.
但那是因为我们是到这儿 收集种子来了，对吧？ But that's because we are here to collect seeds, isn't it?
完全正确，而且种子的收获期 是在七月份的前两个星期 Absolutely, and the window for seed harvesting is usually the first two weeks in July,
至少在英国南部 这个时候草坪野花成籽的比率很好 at least in southern England, when a good proportion of the meadow wildflowers are in seed.
你能给我说明 在收集种子的做法和禁忌吗？ Will you explain to me the sort of dos and don'ts of seed collection?
好，如果为自己的花园收集种子 Well, if you're collecting seed for your own garden,
你不用采太多 you're not going to collect very much,
不能做任何损害现场 或者损害种属的事儿 and you're not going to do any harm to either the site they're on
只能采一小点 or the species by collecting a little bit.
- 那有点像在野外采集黑莓 - 是的 - It's a bit like collecting blackberries in the wild. - Yeah.
首先，你要确认 正采集的种子已经成熟 First of all, you need to make sure that you're picking seed that's ripe,
当然你需要装种子的东西 and also, you need something to put the seed in.
得把种子装进纸袋里 So you need to put the seed in a paper bag.
我已经用一点报纸做了一个 I've just made one out of a bit of newspaper here.
- 不是塑料的？ - 不是 - So not plastic. - Not plastic.
寻找你想收集的植物 You look for the plants you want to collect.
这是粗糙蒲公英 This is rough hawkbit,
它已经产生籽了，用手把它撸下来 it's already produced its clock, and you just pull it off with your hands.
再简单不过了，是不是？ That couldn't be easier, could it?
- 种子在降落伞的末端 - 真美 - There's the seeds at the end of the parachute. - Beautiful.
把它们粘在纸袋里 Just stick them in your paper bag.
我发现了一些牛眼雏菊 We find some oxeye daisy.
就在那里，就是它 There we are. That's it. yep.
你能看到，那上面有一小点种子 There's a little bit of seed on there, as you can see.
用手指把它们挤出来 Just push it with your finger.
- 它就等着采了 - 是的 - That's really ready for collecting. - Yeah.
如果你要采野花种子 'If you are going to collect wildflower seed,
记得要征得地主的同意 'remember to gain the permission of the land owner,
一小点的种子就能种出很多 'and also a small amount of seed will go a very long way,
所以不必采集太多 'so don't collect too much.'
这个是小鼻花，是不是？ And this is yellow rattle, isn't it?
那是小鼻花，也称干摇铃 That's yellow rattle, also known as hay rattle.
在我看来，它现在已经成熟了 Now, that looks to me as if that's pretty ripe.
是的，很成熟 Yeah, that's very ripe.
那是一种非常有趣的植物 因为它是攀附于草上的寄生生物 That's a very interesting plant because it's a parasite on grass.
野花草坪的头号敌人就是过多的草 One of the biggest enemies of wildflower meadows is too much grass,
因此，当我们建造野花草坪的时候 通常把小鼻花混在种子里面 so when we create wildflower meadows, we always put yellow rattle in the seed mix.
关键得记住，这需要二年时间 But remember, this is the key point, it takes two years.
你种下的野花和草 Your wildflowers and the grasses you sow
这个时候，就是七月 will be literally the size of a 5p piece
并不会有多少 this time of year, which is July.
- 因为它们是多年生的 - 因为它们是多年生的 - Because they're perennials. - Because they're perennials.
它们致力于先把根植入地下 They concentrate on putting their roots in the ground first.
它们不把能量集中于地上的叶子 They don't concentrate their energy on above-ground foliage,
这种情况会一直持续到明年夏天 也就是第二年的夏天 and it won't be until next summer, that's the second summer,
那时你才会看到野花 that you will see the wildflowers.
苏刚才展示给我的是 小规模种植野花 'What Sue has really shown me is that growing wildflowers on a small scale
其实非常简单也很划算 'is in fact quite easy and cost effective.
但还是有一些农民得去说服 'But there are still some farmers who need to be convinced
告诉他们大规模实行功夫也值得 'that on a bigger scale, it's still really worth their while
而且经济上可实行 'and is financially viable.'
根据我的建议 北安普敦郡农民邓肯·法瑞顿 At my suggestion, our Northamptonshire farmer, Duncan Farrington,
正在参观一项研究项目 is visiting a research project that hopes to prove
这证实了种植野花比他的预期 that there are more benefits to growing wildflowers
有更多的好处 than he might first have imagined.
那么大卫，我们已经到了 小麦试验的结尾了 So here we get to the end of a trial of wheat then, Dave,
结果怎么样？ so what have we got here then?
在这里，我们已经建立了 一个实验性的边缘带 Here, we've actually got our experimental field margin,
- 从一个农场的角度讲很有意思 - 是的 - it's quite interesting from a farm point of view. - Yeah.
我们正在培植 多年生的植物为基础的边沿地带 We're looking to develop something that's more of a long-term perennial based margin,
来对抗已经存在的某些一年生植物 as opposed to some of the annual mixes that are already in existence.
这些多年生的植物带的想法 是因为它们能每年开花 The idea with these perennial margins is that they flower year on year.
这是它在这里生长的第一年 It's the first year it's been in,
因此你能看到 有许多一年生的品种长出来了 so you've got a lot of these annual species coming through,
就像这种一年生的矢车菊 things like your annual cornflower here,
此时此刻，它们向我们展现 这个可爱的蓝色花带 actually giving us this lovely blue margin at the moment.
在这里我们也一共有22种花 We also have a total of 22 flowering species in here,
它们中有一半是多年生的 around half of which are actually perennials.
我们期望随着项目的进展 久而久之我们将会看到 We're hoping here that what we'll see over time as the project progresses,
在草地上的细微变化 that we'll actually get a slight change in the sward.
比如说，你也许会见到像矢车菊 这样一年生的植物少得多了 You might see fewer of these annuals, for example, things like cornflower,
更多多年生的植物生长 but we'll see a more perennial sward developing.
- 因此它应该在那里时间长些 - 还得多长时间？ - So it should actually be there for much longer. - How long is much longer?
嗯，我的确希望这项工程里的 可以持续四到五年 Well, we certainly hope that in the course of the project, four or five years,
至少会持续那么长时间 希望比那时间更长 it would last at least that, and hopefully, quite a while beyond that,
因为一旦我们在那儿 建立起多年生的植物 because once we've got the perennial plants there and established,
它们就会在那里生长 they should of course stay there.
明白 Yes.
在选择混合植物中的22种野花时 The 22 species of wildflowers chosen for the mix
并不仅仅因为它们对授粉昆虫有益 were not only picked for their benefits to our insect pollinators,
对于邓肯来说还有更好的消息 there's even more good news for Duncan.
我们不仅仅希望支持 授粉昆虫和农田鸟类 We're not just hoping to encourage things like your pollinators and your farmland birds,
我们也希望把草坪边缘空地 当作消灭有害动物的自然环境 we're also looking to get a pest control element from these margins.
我们也期待它们能在牧场里 起到这样的作用 We're looking for them to have a function on the farm as well.
听起来不错 这像是本质上综合完整的牧场 This sounds good to me, this sounds like integrated farming in its essence.
确实如此，是的 It certainly is, yes.
被称为害虫天敌的东西 是我们想要促进发展的 Things we call the pest natural enemies that we're trying to really encourage in here
方法就是通过为害虫天敌 提供食物来源和避难所 by providing a food source, shelter for those pest natural enemies as well,
因此当农作物上真的找到有害昆虫 so that when you actually get pests in the crop, you've got those natural enemies here
也就会发现害虫天敌 来到农作物当中，制衡它们 to move into your crop and give you some pest control.
在农作物当中和野花边沿带 建立昆虫捕捉器 Insect traps have been set up within the crop and the wildflower boundary
来确定这些新的边沿地带 在吸引前来 to discover how effective these new margins are
捕食作物害虫的猎食者方面 效果如何 at attracting predators that then feed on crop pests.
这个装置的主要目的是要展示 One of the main sort of drives of this project is to actually show
这里除了纯粹的自然保护价值外 that while yes, you can put these things in for their pure conservation value,
我们事实上想要边沿地带 同时可以为作物带来经济益处 we actually want a margin that's going to deliver an economic benefit to the grower as well,
那实际上是种积极的防治害虫管理 that's actually going to provide positive pest management
事实上这样做也为农民节省了花费 and actually save the farmer money by doing so.
我想那也是 农业未来发展的方向，对吧？ I think that's the future of farming, isn't it?
我也这么觉得，其实研究的一项 就是成本效益分析 I think so, yes. In fact, part of the project is to look at a cost benefit analysis,
因此你可以这么说 引入花带就为自己省钱了 so you can actually say, you pop this margin in, this is the money you might save.
与此同时它也在帮助野生动物 And it's helping the wildlife at the same time.
也有这种功能，这里是多种功能的 It does that as well, yes. It's very much a multi-functional field margin.
这个项目也许只在初级阶段 This project may only be in its early stages,
但邓肯已经相信 新型花带对他农场上的作物 but Duncan is sold on the many benefits that this new type of flower strip can offer
和授粉昆虫的诸多益处 to both pollinators and the crops on his farm.
回到我自己家的花园里 是时候开始清理 Back home in my garden, it's time to start cleaning
整个夏天我收集的本地野花种子了 the native wildflower seed I've been collecting over the summer.
谨记着苏给我的小建议 With the tips from Sue up my sleeve,
我已经回到野花草场几次了 I've been back to the wildflower meadow a few times,
我每次去，都有两到三种植物 because each time I go, it seems that there are two or three things
刚好到收获的时候 that are absolutely perfect for harvesting.
然后… And, erm...
上次去，我发现矢车菊和小鼻花 简直太完美了 Last time I went, I found that lesser knapweed and yellow rattle were just perfect.
这也就是我将要清理的 And that's what I'm going to clean now.
就像这样轻撒到一大张白纸上 Just sprinkle it like this onto a big sheet of white paper,
你能看到当我这么做的时候 种子有点像蹦出来 and can you see the seeds are sort of pinging out as I do so?
看，那里的不好，因为都是花瓣 See, there, that's no good, cos that's all petal,
不需要它们 and you don't want those,
然而这些短胖较白的东西是种子 whereas these chunkier, paler things are the seeds,
那是我们想要的 and that's what we want.
我的父亲曾是 一名热情的植物学家和艺术家 My father was a passionate botanist and artist,
花费了很多时间为野花做图示 and spent a lot of time illustrating wildflowers.
他真正让我 对整个自然世界有了了解 He really taught me about the whole of the natural world,
并且了解了野花是多么美好的事物 and how wonderful it is to know wildflowers
它们成为你日常生活的一部分 会非常美妙 and to make them part of your everyday life.
总的来说，我觉得园丁们 I think gardeners, on the whole,
倾向于认为野花非常飘渺 tend to think of wildflowers as very ethereal,
不显眼，但实际上这不对 not showy, and actually, not true.
它们有些非常抢眼 There are some that are real showstoppers.
另一方面，是我们倾向于 觉得它们花期都很短暂 And the other thing is that we tend to think that they're very transient,
两、三周就结束了 不会有长寿的花 they're over in two or three weeks, and they don't give you longevity of flower.
这不是事实 我能立刻举个矢车菊的例子 Not true. You know, I can immediately think of knapweed, for instance,
它们较小、非常显眼 花期长、不具侵略性 the lesser and even more the greater - showy, long flowering, non-invasive,
叶子漂亮、 健康、易于养植 nice foliage, healthy, easy to grow.
虽是野花，却不逊于花园作物 Brilliant garden plant, as well as a wildflower.
矢车菊类植物 对于昆虫来说都是极好的 And of course, all the centaureas, really, are fantastic for insects.
如果你是一只昆虫 它们都很具有吸引力 They just, they have it. They're the really sexy plant if you're an insect.
和矢车菊一样，其它极好的野花 As well as the knapweeds, other brilliant wildflowers to try
包括山萝卜或者针垫花 include scabious or pincushion flowers,
以及起绒草类它们的所有近亲 都是值得尝试的野花 and all of their close botanical relatives in the teasel family.
像琉璃苣那样的紫草科野生植物 Wild plants in the borage family, such as echiums,
让蝴蝶和大黄蜂着实喜爱 are completely adored by butterflies and bumblebees
是极妙的花园植物 and make incredible garden plants.
本地成员豌豆或者豆科家族 也很让授粉昆虫喜爱 Native members of the pea or legume family are also hugely favoured by pollinators,
它们有很多种，像红苜蓿和白苜蓿 and there are lots of them, like red and white clovers,
野豌豆和连理草、鸟脚三叶草 还有红豆草 vetches and vetchlings, bird's foot trefoil, and sainfoin.
最后，如果你的花园里没有 军甲虫、瓢虫和食蚜虻 And finally, if soldier beetles, ladybirds and hoverflies are missing from your garden,
就多种些像漂亮的野生胡萝卜 plant clouds of flat-headed umbelliferae, like beautiful wild carrot,
像万寿菊那样的明黄色雏菊 bishop's weed, and bright yellow daisies like corn marigolds.
现在是九月份了 我回到了克瑞顿镇拜访凯蒂 It's September and I'm back in Creaton to catch up with Katie
要看看野花前线发生了什么 and find out what's been happening on the wildflower front.
那么告诉我 野花项目进展得怎么样？ So tell me, how has it been going?
它正一帆风顺地进展着 Has it kind of been cruising along brilliantly with the wildflower project,
还是多少了？ or is it slightly sinking into the sand?
我觉得关于草地的会议是很积极的 Well, I thought that meeting on the green was really positive.
我没有听到来自任何人的负面评论 And I didn't really hear any negative comments from anybody.
那之后，我们又举行了教会会议 After that, we had a Parish Council meeting, erm...
会议开始非常积极 which started off quite positively,
但是什么也没有发生 这真的让人泄气 but nothing's really happened, which is quite, I find quite frustrating,
因为我的个性，我更属于那种 cos of my personality. I'm more of a sort of,
“好吧，就这样，就这么做吧！” "Well, just go with it, just do it."
我能体会到这里的言外之意 很明显还有村民 'Reading between the lines, it's clear that there's some resistance
对我这项活动有抵触 'to my campaign in the village,
但在我拜访人们时感觉好像 没有人愿把他们关心的事说出来 'but it feels like no-one wants to air their concerns when I visit.'
我觉得我今天应该做的是 努力试着得到一些名字 I think what we should do today is really try and get some names,
因为那是一个真的强有力的起点 because that's a really, really strong starting point.
然后我们可以到委员会上说： “看这些人都很支持” We can then go to the Parish Council and just say, "Look, these people are keen."
然后他们就感觉被授权 能带动那些消极的人 And then, they'll feel empowered to, you know, bring along the people who are more negative.
- 那么，你准备好了吧？ - 准备好了 - So, are you ready? - Ready!
我能和你谈谈吗，就一小会儿？ I just wondered if I could talk to you, just for a minute?
你了解我们提议的 You know the wildflower area
在草坪那边建野花区域？ that we are proposing to have at the bottom of the green down there?
- 你愿意在我们的请愿书上签名吗? - 是的，当然啦 - Will you sign our petition? - Yes, certainly.
因为我们将把这个带到委员会上去 Because we are going to then take this to the Parish Council to...
去展示有人支持这个项目 还想要把它深入开展下去 To show that there are people in support of it and try and move it along a bit further.
你准备好签名了吗? Would you be prepared to sign?
你乐意签名吗? Would you be happy to sign?
- 是的 - 这样可以吧 - Yes! - Would that be OK?
谢谢你 Thank you.
- 我名列第一吗？ - 是的，你是第一个 - Am I first on the list? - You're my first one, yeah.
我向你保证 它们只会被种在边缘地带 I assure you, it'll only be that bottom area.
你签字的只是绿地的那部分 That's all you're signing away of the green, OK?
对我们想要达到的目标 稍做解释之后 'With a little bit of extra explanation about what we're aiming to achieve,
每个人看起来都出乎意料的合作 'everyone seems to be remarkably keen.'
- 好的 - 那太好了，非常感谢 - Yes, OK. - Oh, that's lovely. Thank you so much.
太好了，非常感谢 Lovely. Thank you very much.
非常感谢 Thank you so much.
非常感谢 Thank you very much.
非常感谢！ Thank you very much!
- 真是很棒的想法 - 太好了 - It's a great idea. - Lovely.
在北安普敦郡 和牛津郡的其它村庄也是这样吗？ Other villages too, in Northamptonshire and Oxfordshire?
我觉得这…我们是先锋 I think this is... We're the pilot.
如果能攻下克瑞顿镇 就能攻下任何地方 If you can crack Creaton, you can crack anywhere!
该碰头看看活动进展得怎么样了 'Time to re-group and see how the campaign is going.'
我是说有些人真的有些担心 I mean, some people have got real concerns,
而且我完全理解 and I totally understand that.
我觉得他们中的很多人 好像完全误解了 And I think a lot of it was almost as if they kind of got the wrong end of the stick,
他们觉得我们正在做 一些非常可怕的事情 and they were thinking that we were doing something quite terrible
整个绿地都将被牵扯在内 and that the whole green is going to be involved,
绿地就将失去的功能 也不能在草地上烧烤了 and that we're going to have to stop having functions and barbecues on the green.
所以我觉得 一旦人家明白我们的始衷 So I think once people understood where we're coming from,
明白我们的出发点是是积极的 就好办了 it was good and it was positive. Yeah.
我得到了几个签名 还留下了一份表格 I got a few names and I've left a form.
- 我比你的多！ - 是的，的确 - I got more than you! - Yeah, you did!
我在商店留了一份表格 I left a form in the shop.
希望我们可以从那里 得到更多的人签名 And hopefully, we'll get more from there,
如果你能够把它们带给斯坦 呈给委员会主席 and then if you could possibly take them to Stan, to the head of the Parish Council.
然后我希望他能让事情取得进展 And then he, I hope, can give the go-ahead.
行，谢谢你，莎拉，干得不错 All right, thank you, Sarah. That's great.
我确信凯蒂能让村里的更多人 在名单上签字 I'm confident that Katie can get even more people in the village to sign the list,
劝服斯坦和委员会 在克瑞顿镇给野花们一次机会 and persuade Stan and the Parish Council to give wildflowers a chance in Creaton.
但在几公里远以外 在邓肯·法瑞顿的北安普敦郡农场 But just a few miles away, in his Northamptonshire farm,
他不需要任何说服工作 就开始播种新花带了 Duncan Farrington needs no persuasion to start sowing his new flowery margins.
不久之前，我们来到这儿看过 那时候农作物还在 A while ago, we came and saw this when the crop was still here.
现在是秋天，土壤情况适宜 We're now in autumn, the ground conditions are right,
我们已经有了专家级的混合种子 and I've got a specialist mix of wildflower seed that we're going to plant.
90%是草种，但仔细看的时候 So 90% is grass seed, but then when I'm looking at it,
有这些小种子 these little tiny seeds.
这里有20种野花种子 We've got 20 different wildflower seeds in here.
如果只混合了一种野花 那花期就很短 If you just made a mix up with one species, it'd be a very short flowering period.
气味也很好，闻着好新鲜 And it smells nice as well, it smells, erm...smells fresh.
希望它能长起来 So hopefully, it's going to grow.
一旦我们建立起花带 那会耗费一年到一年半时间 Once we've got it established, which takes a year to 18 months,
之后会持续十到十五年 it should last ten to 15 years.
这对野生生物来说非常好 It's going be great for wildlife,
对农业来说也非常有利 it's going to be great for agriculture,
希望它看起来非常漂亮 and it'll look pretty as well, hopefully.
我希望这仅仅是邓肯 将要种植的许多新花带中的第一条 I'm hopeful that this is just the first of many new flowery strips that Duncan will sow.
沿着邓肯和他的父亲 种植的所有新树篱和树的那侧 Along with all the new hedges and trees that Duncan and his father have planted,
加上这些区域将为授粉昆虫 和所有种类的其它农场野生生命 these areas will provide incredibly useful habitat for both pollinating insects
提供极为有用的栖息地 and all sorts of other farm wildlife.
我希望在春天能看到它 And I'm looking forward to seeing it in the spring.
但是回到家里 也是时候播种我的野花种子了 But back at home, it's also time for me to sow my wildflower seed.
秋天非常适合播种野花种子 The autumn's a really good time to sow wildflower seed,
因为你盖上所有的基料 because then you cover all bases,
因为耐寒的一年生植物 和一些多年生植物 because hardy annuals will germinate quite quickly,
会很快发芽 and some of the perennials,
但也有一些多年生的植物 需要经历适当的寒冷季节 but there are some of the perennials that need a proper cold season
之后才会发芽 to get them to germinate.
因为我首先要播种的就是小矢车菊 So the first seed that I'm going to sow is lesser knapweed,
我在草地收集的 which I collected in the meadow.
你想要尽可能大范围播种 And you want to sow as widely spaced as you possibly can,
这样就不会让它们过度拥挤 so you don't get too much overcrowding.
在某种程度上，直接播种的优势 In some ways, that's an advantage of direct sowing,
是你能把种子撒得远而广 is that you can just scatter the seeds far and wide,
但随之而来真正的难题是 but the problem with that is that you do get real problems
它要跟杂草和野草竞争 with competition from weeds and grasses.
因此我倾向于认为 把它种进种子托盘 So I tend to think you're kind of belt and braces
对它们是严重束缚 if you sow it into a seed tray.
然后，我将把砂砾盖在上面 And then, what I'm going to do is cover this with grit.
对于野花种子来说 真的不过如此简单 With wildflower seed, it really is as simple as that.
它们不需要溺爱 事实上它们不应该溺爱 They don't need mollycoddling. In fact, they shouldn't be mollycoddled.
冷的地方就行，但别太多雨水 免得被冲出来 So just somewhere cold, but out of the rain, so the seeds don't get washed out.
在春天，花园里会直接长出小幼苗 In the spring, out they go, as little seedlings, straight into the garden,
然后属于你的野花带就开始了 and then that is the beginning of your wildflower meadow.
来自克瑞顿镇的一个特别好的消息 There's been fantastic news from Creaton.
我们的请愿书得到了回应 凯蒂甚至让斯坦 Our petition paid off and Katie has even got Stan,
委员会主席 the head of the Parish Council,
帮助她在绿地上的一小块地方 种植野花 to help her plant a small area of wildflowers on the green.
计划是在这个秋天种植到一个区域 The plan is to mark out and plant up an area this autumn
好对明年夏天产生直接的影响 to give instant impact next summer
并且赢得更多的村民 and help win over more of the village.
- 完成了 - 看起来太棒了 - That's it. - That looks superb!
是的，每个人都 能看到我们正在用什么吧？ Right. Everyone can see what we're using?
对，就这样 Right. That's it.
亚当，你可以走开了 我们已经标上了 Adam, you can move now. We've got our mark...
完成了 That's it.
都种到这里 反正有些地方原来就光秃秃的 So plant everything in there. We've got some natural bare spots anyway, so...
我们得把草坪翻起来点，好吧？ And we're going to rough the grass up a bit. OK?
我们可以把它们种到那儿 And we can plant them in there.
你觉得那是个好主意吗？ Do you think that's a good idea?
好孩子！干得好！ Good boy! Well done!
哦，看呀！ Oh, look at that!
说得好听点儿这就是挠地 I think the posh name for that is scarified.
它们真被挠下来了，对吧？ So that's been really scarified there, hasn't it?
加油！ Come on!
接下来我们要播种小鼻花了 And then we are going to spread the yellow rattle,
小鼻花侵袭草的根茎 and the yellow rattle attacks the roots of the grass.
它让草们衰弱 So it makes the grass weak.
说：“小种子，生长吧” Say, "Grow, little seeds."
看到这样的热情真是太棒了！ It's great to see this level of enthusiasm!
太好了! Fantastic!
真希望能把局面控制得好点儿 I wish I could have contained it slightly better!
斯坦，如果这些植物能在这里存活 就能在任何环境下存活！ Stan, if they survive this, these plants will survive anything!
我觉得我们或许该要更多的植物 And I think we'll probably have to order a few more plants
也许趁天黑没人能看到 and perhaps come out under cover of darkness
- 把它们重新种植一遍 - 我可听着呢！ - and plant them all over again! - I heard that!
我希望这些新插入的植物 I'm hopeful that the plug plants will give this area
能在明年春天立即产生影响 some instant impact next spring,
也希望这会是克瑞顿镇 and hopefully be the start of Creaton
欢迎野花回到村子里的一个开始 welcoming wildflowers back into the village.
现在是五月 也是我开展这项活动的第二年 It's May, and year two of my campaign,
在我栖山的家里 是时候把我的迷你小花带完成了 and at home at Perch Hill, it's time to complete my mini wildflower meadow.
去年秋天，我从栖山附近的草场 Last autumn, I collected quite a lot of seed
收集了很多种子 from meadows close by to Perch Hill
我把它们种到了种子托盘里 再把它们挖出来 and I sowed them into seed trays, and I pricked them out,
它们大部份长势良好 and most of them have done really well, actually.
我也买了一些插入植物 And I have bought in a few plug plants,
好对今年产生即时的影响 just to give me instant impact this year.
在花园的左边 我找到了一小块地方 I found a little area, just to the left of the cutting garden,
那里非常贫脊 which was quite a rough place,
我决定那里将是我的小花带 and I've decided that's going to be a wildflower meadow.
去年秋天，我喷洒了杀草剂 And last autumn, I sprayed it off to kill the grasses,
去除了许多许多荨麻、酸模和蓟 and lots and lots of nettles, docks and thistles.
然后十月份 我直接播种了混合野花种子 And then, in October, I direct sowed a wildflower mix,
那里混着草种子 with some grasses in it.
各种细叶草 The finer-leaf varieties of grasses.
还有一些小鼻花 And some yellow rattle.
其实整个冬季发芽情况都不错 And it's germinated well, actually, through the winter.
那儿长得有点像补丁 它们芽发得不好 So where there are sort of patches which haven't germinated so well,
那样很完美 因为那里就不会有竞争了 that's perfect, cos there won't be competition.
让人激动的是它们是多年生植物 What's exciting about it is because they're perennial,
情况将会一年比一年好 it should just get better and better and better.
因此去年秋天开始种植花带 So last autumn, to begin the meadow,
我把混合种子直接播种到地里 I sowed my seed mix directly on the ground,
现在我正用额外 种在盆栽中的野花把缺口补上 and now I'm filling the gaps with the extras I've grown and potted on.
但在北安普敦郡 邓肯在用一个完全不同的技术 But in Northamptonshire, Duncan is using a very different technique
来建立他的野花带 to get his wildflower borders established,
我将要和他会面 去看看这些新野花带是如何建立的 and I'm going to catch up with him to see how these new margins are establishing.
你什么时候播种这些混合种子？ So when did you sow this seed mix?
我是去年九月底种的 I planted this in the end of September last year.
因此我们现在是八或九个月后 So we are now eight or nine months later on.
经历了冬天，冬天它不怎么长 It's come through the winter. It didn't do much in the winter.
但在之后的春天 天气有点暖和的时候 But then in the spring, as things started warming up a little,
万物开始生长 大部分的杂草我能认得出来 things started growing, mostly weeds, that I would recognise as weeds.
就像这里有一些雀麦草 Like, er... what I've just seen, some brome here.
因此我们的做法是 当这些杂草开始泛滥的时候 So what we've actually done is, as these things start to come in,
我们在三月初就开始剪草 we started from the beginning of March mowing it.
你也许会想 “哦，那会毁了我们想要的东西” So you may think, "Oh, that's going to destroy what we are trying to grow."
但我已经修剪过几次了 而且我觉得我们应该再修剪一次 But I've mowed it a couple of times. And I think we need to do it again now
防止这些竞争性很强的侵入杂草 和耕地杂草 to discourage these invasive weeds, arable weeds, that are very competitive.
因此基本上、理论上、农艺上 So, basically, the theory, agriculturally,
你第一年就得不停修剪 is that you want to cut through your first year.
要尽量耗尽 更具攻击性作物种子的存量 To really try and deplete the seed bank of the more invasive things,
然后给你的生长缓慢的多年生野花 to then give your slower-growing perennial wildflowers
- 一个真正的生长的机会 - 是的 - a chance to really get going. - Yes.
我接下来会立即看到 很多种类生长出来 And I can immediately see really quite a lot of things that will come next...
- 明年这里会更加引人注目 - 是的 - It'll be more showy next year. - Yes.
它们已经在这里生长 但到明年前它们不会开很多的花 They are here already, but they won't flower much till next year.
那儿有夏枯草 野生胡萝卜和一株牛眼雏菊 I mean, there's selfheal there, there's wild carrots and there's an oxy daisy there.
是的 Yes. Yeah.
那里面当然有不少东西 And, you know, so there's definitely stuff in here,
你说得对，它们被一年生的植物 压得有点儿喘不过来气了，对吧？ and you're right, it's been slightly chocked by the annuals, isn't it?
这是一株非常漂亮的小草 我非常肯定它就在混合种子当中 And this is a very nice grass too, which I'm pretty sure would have been in your seed mix.
你总能看得出来 我发现这些很容易辨认 And you can always tell this, I find this really easy to identify,
因为它总在茎的一侧有花穗 cos it only has the flower spike on one side of the stem.
因此它的一侧非常平坦 就好像它曾被撞在了墙上什么似的 So it's completely flat on one side, as if it's been sort of shoved against a wall or something.
那是一种很好的草，冠头狗尾草 And that's a really good grass, the crested dog's tail,
因为它能与野花共同生长 不会抑制它们 because it can cohabit with wildflowers and won't outcompete them.
在我看来 作为一个要维持生活的农民 From my point of view, as a sustainable farmer,
一切最终还得看收益 it has to pay, at the end of the day.
我的小麦在这里，那是白班工作 So I've got my crop of wheat here. That's our day job.
但那些授粉昆虫 它们不会给小麦授粉 But those pollinating insects, while they aren't going to pollinate wheat,
明年，这里会有豆子或油菜籽 它们就会授粉了 next year, this could be beans or rapeseed, which they will pollinate.
但这里的昆虫也可能是掠食者 But also, the insects here, it could be predators.
因此我们能有食蚜蝇 或者瓢虫或甲虫… So we could have hover fly, or ladybirds, or beetles that may...
食蚜蝇也许从荷兰芹中 吸取花蜜当早餐 the hover fly might have nectar off the cow parsley for breakfast.
它也许会飞进小麦地里 吃蚜虫当作午餐 It may then fly out into the wheat and eat aphids for lunch.
太好了，它们能带来经济效益 Excellent. And so, it makes real financial sense as well.
我希望如此，长期保持 I hope so, long term.
我觉得邓肯把这些新的野花带 引入到农场中真是太棒了 I think it's brilliant that Duncan is bringing these new wildflower areas to his farm.
这样的野生动物走廊非常重要 They are so important as wildlife corridors,
帮助我们的蜜蜂 蝴蝶和其它所有的野生生物 helping our bees, butterflies and all sorts of wildlife
遍布到密集耕种区域 to travel across intensively farmed areas.
但现在是时候 回到克瑞顿镇的村子里了 But it's time to return to the village of Creaton,
就在一年以前，我在村公用绿地 开始了我的活动 where just a year ago, I started my campaign on the village green.
- 那么这就是那一小块吧？ - 是的，是的 - So this is the bit here? - Yes, yes!
真难以置信，是不是？ It's fab, isn't it?
你第一眼看见的就是种子簇 The seed heads are what get you first.
我知道是属于野花的 I know it's for the wildflowers.
而且每个人都在说 这草地看起来多美啊 But also, everyone has been saying how pretty the grass looks,
也能让草长得更长了 allowing the grass to grow long as well.
那样就能有更多的动作了，是吧？ Well, it just has so much more movement, doesn't it?
它让我想起我小的时候 It reminds me of when I was a child.
这就是草地本来的样子 This is how the green used to be.
因此它太棒了，太了不起了 So it's great. It's fantastic.
告诉我事情进展得怎么样了 So tell me how it's gone down.
我没有收到任何关于它的否定意见 I haven't had any actual negative comments about it at all.
- 太棒了，没人说它混乱吗？ - 没有，到现在为止还没有 - Brilliant! No-one's said it's messy, or...? - No, no. Not yet.
现在它长起来了，在这样 干燥的天气里，也能长得这么好 Now it's actually up, and it's fed so well in the dry weather,
看起来比那边 修修补补的草坪好多了 it looks a lot better than the sort of patched turf over there.
人们事实上已经改变了 绿地的修草制度 They have actually changed the mowing regime of the green.
以前每两周修剪一次，现在得三周 So instead of it being mowed every two weeks, it's now gone to three weeks.
上次你说过，在绿地的其它地方 我们应该种上雏菊 So, last time, you said, we have daisies on the rest of the green.
这算得上是小小的胜利了 So that is a minor triumph.
嗯，那样既节省了钱 又对授粉昆虫有好处 Well, that saves money and it's good for the pollinators.
的确如此。但我们以前 从没见过任何雏菊 Absolutely. But we never used to see any daisies,
因为在它们长出之前就会被削掉了 cos the heads were cut off before they were even...
因此有件事情是板上钉钉了 So that is one thing that is now set in stone.
大部分草坪修剪次数的减少 The reduction in mowing across the majority of the green
是一项惊人的进步 is an incredible step forward,
但我极想知道村民们 现在是否知道了野花的作用 but I'm keen to know if the village now see the benefit of wildflowers
还有对授粉昆虫的影响 and the effect it could have for pollinators.
你觉得人们能把野花的增长 同它们联想在一起吗 Do you think people associate, you know, the increase of wildflowers,
你觉得他们会意识到那也 意味着授粉昆虫数量的增长吗？ do you think they realise that that means an increase in insects?
我觉得会的，因为没法注意不到 I think they do. I think, cos you can't miss it.
因为当你穿过草坪… Because actually, as you come across the green, there are...
就有蜜蜂、黄蜂和其它昆虫 you know, the bees, and the wasps and the things.
当我们走着路过的时候 Just, actually, as we walk now, they are just taking...
它们就会飞起来 taking off as we walk through them.
我觉得没法注意不到 So, I just don't think you can miss it.
那你觉得从这小草坪开始 以后会如何呢？ And so, where do you feel it goes from this little patch?
你觉得克瑞顿镇 会不会被这类野花的事情影响？ Do you feel Creaton is going to grab the sort of wildflower thing, or not?
我希望如此 I hope so! I hope so.
因为我觉得这是 展现给人的非常美妙的地方 Because I think this is a fantastic area to show people.
它不会令人恐惧 它不会多刺，也没有垃圾 It's not frightening, it's not bramble and rubbish.
没有类似于烟盒的东西 And there's no sort of cigarette packets.
明年它看起来会更好 Next year, it will look even better.
当每种都开起花来 我就能有一个像样的展示区了 As everything comes up, we've got a reasonable show now,
我就觉得它会越来越好 and I just think it'll only get better.
我真被凯蒂的自信鼓舞了 I'm really encouraged by how positive Katie is,
但是我知道即便是小小的变化 对于一个社区来说也是很困难的 but I know how difficult even small changes can be for any community.
因此我们准备 给委员会的主席斯坦打电话 So we're calling on Stan, head of the Parish Council.
你觉得村镇公用绿地项目 进展得怎么样了？那片三角地 How do you feel that the village green project is going? The triangle.
有许多人非常喜欢它 Er... A lot of people quite like it.
你也能知道，有一些人他们不太… There are some, as you would expect, who aren't quite so...
不是那么喜欢它 so favourable towards it.
但总体上来说还没有人 But generally speaking, nobody has actually
- 直接开始抨击它，对吧？ - 没有 - gone out there and trashed it, have they? - No.
对于孩子们，它是一个巨大的成功 And the children, it's just been a huge success with the children.
是的 Yes. Yeah.
它为绿地注入了特别的元素 It just adds an extra element to the green.
能感受那里，他们可以在那里跑 The tactileness of it, the fact they can run through it,
采野花、做他们喜欢的事儿 pick the flowers, do as they like.
花带仅仅是绿地上一块小地方 And it's only a smallish area of the green, anyway.
- 因此他们仍然可以… - 你觉得我们能让花带再大点吗？ - So they can still... - Do you think we can get it bigger?
我觉得那得需要时间 但我想未尝不可 I think it will take time, but I don't see why not.
当然我们得保持住我们现有的 I think, certainly, we'll hold what we've got.
我们将守住那片地，守住那片地 We will hold that ground. We're going to hold that ground.
斯坦还有更好的消息 But Stan has even more good news,
我引发的争论带来了一个新的组织 as the debate fired by my campaign has lead to a new group being forged,
被称作“自然克瑞顿” known as Natural Creaton.
重点主要是鼓励人们 The emphasis mainly is to encourage people
- 在他们自己的花园里种植 - 对 - to do things in their own gardens. - Yeah.
是的，公共地区也被包括在内 Yes, the public spaces as well will be included in it,
但他们在自己的花园里 可以做不同的事情 but there are various things they can do in their garden
来支持野生生物、蜜蜂和野花等等 to encourage wildlife, bees, and flowers, etc, etc.
然后我们希望 克瑞顿镇能是一个开头 And then we want, you know, Creaton can be the start,
然后我们希望全国每个村子都这样 and then we want every village to do it throughout the country,
- 那我们就真的起到巨大作用了 - 是的，没错 - and then we really will get a big effect. - Yes. Yeah.
绿地上野花的未来还无法确定 The future of wildflowers on the green is still a little uncertain.
然而委员会已经决定允许 However, the Parish Council have decided
在教堂别院的一部分地里种植 that they can be encouraged back in part of the churchyard.
作为最后一剂鼓励 So for a final dose of inspiration,
我把凯蒂带到了邻村 进行了一次小旅行 I'm taking Katie on a short trip to the next village.
我就觉得能来看看这个地方特别好 I just thought it'd be really good to come and have a look at this place,
因为让人惊奇的事情是 在离克瑞顿镇一或两英里以内 because the surprising thing is it's within a mile or two of Creaton.
我刚听说他们在教堂别院里 做的正是我们谈论的事情 And I just heard that they were doing exactly what we were talking about in the churchyard.
你知道，在那儿 如果你把脚直接踩在地上 You know, you can't put your foot down on the ground there...
是的，的确如此 No, exactly.
- …你肯定就糟蹋了什么东西 - 是的 - without treading on something... - Yeah.
那个是金丝桃，这个是豕草 There's St John's wort there. There's hogweed here.
太多太多了，看… Tons and tons. And look...
- 那真美，太可爱了 - 是的 - That's beautiful. - Lovely...
看着我们路过时 看到了各种蜜蜂和授粉昆虫 And look at all the bees and the pollinators as we are walking through.
我觉得就是这样 Well, that, I think that's the thing,
它看起来非常漂亮 as well as it looking wonderful, I think,
同时也是整个地区 所有昆虫所需花蜜的一个重要来源 it's just such an important nectar resource for all the insects in this whole area.
如果我们能让克瑞顿镇居民做到 那么别人也能这么做 And if we can get Creaton doing it, and then other people doing it,
- 它是最美妙最积极的事物了 - 当然，绝对的 - it's just the most wonderful optimistic thing. - Absolutely. Absolutely.
我想不出来会有人能够拒绝这些花 I just, I can't see how anyone could object to this.
如果还有任何质疑者 你就每年的这时候带他们来看看 If you still have any doubters, you know, bring them here at this time of the year.
- 是啊，非常振奋人心 - 这肯定会有效果，是不是？ - Yeah. It's inspirational. - And you can't really go wrong, can you?
回到栖山，我的野花带项目 展示了很好的前景 Back at Perch Hill, my meadow project is showing great promise for the future.
我的野花带看起来 和我期望的第一季的样子很相似 My wildflower meadow is looking much like I expected in its first season.
这里没有大量的色彩 但这里有很多可爱的草 There isn't a huge amount of colour in here, but there are lots of lovely grasses,
像冠毛狗尾草 我已经能在草里看到了 like crested dog's tail, and I can see already, within the grasses,
那有许多可爱的野花苞 there's lots of lovely wildflower potential.
但那就是苏解释的 不能指望第一年就看到多年生植物 But that is what Sue explained, with perennials, you can't expect that in the first year.
关键是我曾不得不降低 重粘土的营养 The key thing is I've got to decrease the fertility on my heavy clay soil.
因此八月初的时候 我得在几周内把它们 So, I'm going to strim it off in a few weeks at the beginning of August
用耙子收集起来、拿走 and rake it, take it away.
我必须不再护根或给土壤增肥 I mustn't leave it to mulch down and enrich the soil any more.
在这里，我不管走到哪儿 都有许多许多的昆虫 But wherever I walk in here, there's loads and loads of insect life.
因此很明显它们肯定已经喜欢它了 And so, they're already definitely enjoying it.
但是到明年 那里就会吸引成千上万的昆虫 But next year, there will be tones and tones of nectar for them.
因此我觉得很兴奋和高兴 这里就像是 And so I feel very excited and pleased with what I think of
我自己的小小自然保护区 as my kind of little mini potential nature reserve.
在过去的十八个月里 The thing that I've really noticed
我环游英国的岛屿时 真正注意到的事情 travelling around the British Isles over the last 18 months
是与我小时候相比的巨大变化 is how much it's changed since I was a child.
花变得少了，这一点无须置疑 And there is no doubt that there are fewer flowers,
不管是在我们的小路边还是在野外 both in our lane sides and in our fields,
都比我小时候 同我父亲一起研究并采集植物时少 than there were when I was pottering around botanising with my dad.
整个地方都感觉不一样 色彩和气氛都不一样 The whole place has a different feel, a different colour, and a different atmosphere.
想象能返回四十年前没有实际意义 Now, there's no point us imagining that we can turn the clocks back to 40 years ago.
这样的事情不会发生 It's just not going to happen.
但仍有许多的现代备选方案 来帮助提高昆虫的数量 But there are more modern alternatives of helping out our insect populations.
你已经同凯蒂在克瑞顿镇看过了 And you've seen that with Katie in Creaton
同邓肯在他的农场里看过了 and with Duncan on his farm.
两个都是极棒的、让人振奋的项目 Both two fantastically exciting projects,
它们都很积极、会达成大的变化 which are really optimistic and will make a big difference.
但它不仅仅关乎农村 But it's not just about the countryside,
我们的城市、都市不规则的山水 our cities and our sprawling urban landscapes need to play their part too,
都要扮好自己的角色 as do our many towns, gardens and flower displays.
因此在下周 这个系列的第二集节目中中 So next week, in the second programme of this series,
我将会说服“怒放英国”竞赛 I'll be challenging the Britain In Bloom competition,
英国园林业和英国皇家园艺协会 the UK garden industry and the Royal Horticultural Society
扮演主角，真正帮助授粉昆虫 to play a major part and really help our pollinating insects.
通过为它们提供合适的栖息地 增加它们的食物供给 By increasing habitats that are friendly for them and increasing their food supply,
那些在花园里就可以轻易做到 which we can all easily do in our gardens,
我们真的能有所作为 we can really make a genuine difference
能开始扭转颓势 and start to reverse the declines.