大家好 Hello everyone.
今天我將介紹一些非常基本的概念 Today we would like to introduce you to some of the very fundamental concepts,
在工程設計中叫做設計理念 we call Design Concepts of Engineering Design.
這些理念圍繞著 Those concepts are very much around
工程設計的一個核心問題 產品 the very top concept of engineering design, is the product.
首先要討論的是 The first question we would like to discuss is
什么是產品 What is a Product.
你可以想一想 花一兩分鐘 And you may think, spend 1 or 2 minutes in your own,
閉上眼睛 想想什么是產品 close your eyes, think about what is product,
或者睜開眼睛看看你周圍有哪些產品 or open your eyes and look around to see what is a product around you.
當我們說到產品 Now, when we talk about products,
第一個想到的是 它得有生產者 the first thing you probably know is that there must be a producer.
產品要么是正在被生產 Product is being produced
要么已被生產出來了 or has been produced
如果它已經存在的話 if it’s an existing product.
所以一定會有用戶來使用 So there must be a consumer who will use the product.
所以你可以從用戶的角度來看產品 So you can look at the product from consumer’s point of view
或是生產者的角度 or from producers point of view.
若從用戶的角度出發 From consumers point of view, the product, you know,
如果你有一個產品 if you have a product,
你肯定會說它必須有用 對嗎 you must say it’s must be useful. OK?
第二 它要為你提供價值 And secondly, it must provide value for you.
有用 有價值 And useful, valuable,
這些都是一個產品所具備的特點 those are some of the characteristics of a product.
另一方面 從生產者的角度出發 On the other hand, if you take the perspective of a producer,
生產者會說 then the producer would say,
我希望產品可以賺錢 希望可以銷售它 I wanna make money, I wanna be able to sell the product.
所以從這個角度來說 產品必須要有市場 So from that point of view, the product must be marketable.
好的 這是兩個方面 Ok, so these are 2 perspectives.
現在從工程設計的觀點出發 Now, from engineering design point of view,
我們又會有其他角度來看產品 we actually look at product in some other ways.
第一 你可以從買這種產品的人群出發 First, you can look at the product from who is buying the product.
可能是終端用戶 我們稱為消費者 It can be end users, we will call consumers.
這種是消費品 And those products are consumer products.
另一方面 你可以是生產者 On the other hand, you can have a producer,
就像是一個建筑公司要蓋樓房 it’s like construction company, they build buildings,
他們需要起重機 很高的起重機 but they need have cranes, a very high level of cranes.
如果你是農民 If you have a farmer,
那就需要機器來農作 they will need machines to do the farming work.
所以這些機器 這些起重機 So the machines, the cranes,
我們稱為生產者產品 those are we call Producer Product.
因為消費者 即你賣的對象是生產者 Because the consumer, you really sell it to the producers.
另一方面 On the other hand,
產品還可以被區別或描述為 the product can be distinguished or described in terms of
是技術產品還是非技術產品 whether it’s a technical product or it’s a non-technical product.
如果是技術產品 So if it’s a technical product,
這個產品必須有一些特定功能 basically the product has to achieve certain functions.
比如電話必須能夠幫你與他人聯系 The cellphone has to be able to help you to communicate with other people.
如果是一把椅子 And if you want to have a chair,
它必須能支撐你的體重 the chair has to be able to support your weight, human weight.
這些就是我們所說的功能性 So all those things are what we called functional.
另外 你也許會有一些藝術產品 On the other hand, you may have a product which is really artistic product.
就算是這些藝術產品 Even in those cases, the artistic products,
比如一個雕塑或相框 for instance it’s a sculpture or a frame to put pictures in it.
都會具有傳遞作用 傳遞內涵的作用 And those products usually that express something or something called meaning.
所以對于技術產品 這些叫做功能性 So you know in the technical terms is called function
就是說你可以用它做一些事情 where you can do something.
而另一方面對于藝術產品來說 On the other hand, from artistic point of view,
它可以愉悅人們 there’s something which also people enjoy,
讓人們感受到它的價值 people feel there’s a value there.
這叫做內涵 它傳遞了一些內涵 It’s called meaning, express some meaning there.
還可以從另一個角度看什么是產品 There is another perspective to look at. What is a product.
一般來說產品都是很簡單的 You can see the product is relatively simple,
它只是一個組件 it’s just a component.
例如如果只是一個齒輪 For instance just one gear,
它就是一個產品的組成部分 it’s a component of a product
但是如果是齒輪箱 But if you have a gear box,
或是汽車的變速器 if you have a transmission of a car,
那么齒輪箱或變速箱就成為一個系統 then the gear box or the transmission become a system.
如果我們從整車的角度來看 And if you look at the whole car,
那么變速器就是一個子系統 then one transmission subsystem, becomes a subsystem,
而整個車就是一個整體系統 and overall car becomes an overall system.
這是你可以進行探究 使用 So those are some of the dimensions you can look into
以及描述一個產品的一些維度 and you can take and you can use to describe what is a product.
從工程學角度來說 From engineering point of view,
我們著重于技術性或功能性系統 we actually look into Technical or we call Functional Systems.
如果你在做工程設計 So if you are doing engineering design,
就要涉及技術性和功能性系統 you will deal with Technical and Functional Systems.
如果你在做藝術 形式 色彩 And if you are dealing with more artistic or form or the color,
或工業方面的設計 or if you are dealing with industrial design,
那或多或少會接觸到藝術領域 and more or less you step into the artistic or art area, domain
就得把藝術和功能方面都考慮在內 then you have to worry about both art and also the functional side.
所以并沒有清晰界限表明 So there is no clear cut whether
一個產品是只有功能性還是只有藝術性 there’s one side only for function or its other side only for art or appearance,