1
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2
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After the German defeated the France
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3
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their soldiers were sent to Paris for rest of recreation.
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4
00:00:21,066 --> 00:00:22,666
One of the soldiers on leave
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5
00:00:22,800 --> 00:00:26,466
is 19-year-old lieutenant August Von Kaganick.
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6
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His unit did not take part in the French campaign.
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7
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He is visiting the city for the first time.
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8
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He writes:
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9
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"We are given very strict instructions"
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10
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"We must be in pack of a dressed"
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11
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"and avoid all contact with the population."
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12
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"We are inventing in mass tourism"
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13
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The French refuse to look at them.
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14
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Some have started to fight back.
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15
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These two men who sabotage telephone lines
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16
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will be the first to be executed by the Germans.
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17
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The new French state under the authoritarian rule of Marshal Petain
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18
00:01:10,666 --> 00:01:13,866
choses to colaberate with Germany.
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19
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Petain promulgates a set of Anti-Jewish statutes
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20
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but it excludes Jews from public life.
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21
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He and Hitler have shaken hands.
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22
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Everyday, the Wehrmacht parades.
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23
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The Germans occupy the capital cities in Europe.
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24
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After Prague and Warsaw
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25
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Brussels
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26
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Luxembourg
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27
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The Hague
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28
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Copenhagen and Oslo
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29
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but not London.
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30
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February 1941, in the suburbs of London,
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31
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Rose who was only three has already lived through two years of war.
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32
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33
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34
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Rose is brave
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35
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and bravery is called for in Britain.
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36
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Great Britain's cities have been devastated by German bombs.
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37
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But the country stands firm around Churchill
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38
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and with the providential aid of Roosevelt.
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39
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Roosevelt has just been re-elected for a third term as  President of the United States.
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40
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Though the American opinions remain oppose to war,
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41
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he declares "We must be the great arsenal of Democracy".
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42
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Only a part of the equipment he sends to Great Britain gets through.
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43
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Every British ship at sea is in great danger.
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44
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The Atlantic Ocean is crowding with German submarines.
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45
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Their periscopes seek out British vessels.
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46
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Churchill is worried.
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47
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Soon nothing will get through
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48
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and outcome of the war seems uncertain.
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49
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Great Britain is an island.
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50
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This is an advantage as well this is a disadvantage.
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51
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but it is the best hope for the countries under occupation.
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52
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The German submarines or U-boats now have the French harbors ???? disposal
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53
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Grouped it packs using torpedos and cannons.
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54
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These "Wolves of Atlantic"
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55
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succeed in sinking four million tons of British shipping
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56
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in 1941 alone.
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57
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Here German submariners toss loaves of break to a shipwrecked crew
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58
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who have almost no chance of surviving.
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59
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The will die of thirst, of hunger, of cold
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60
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or by choking on oil.
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61
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Hitler's delighted with the success of submaines
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62
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but America's massive rearmament program worries him.
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63
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He tells his secretary Bowman:
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64
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"In one year the United States will be ready to go to war."
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65
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"If we are to face we need more raw materials."
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66
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"Those materials are in the east."
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67
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"We need to conquer that living space,"
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68
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"then Britain will lose all hope and make peace"
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69
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"and it will be too late for the Americans."
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70
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"Let us attack Russia as soon as possible."
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71
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Hitler code names his invasion plan "Operation Barbarossa"
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72
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after the medieval Emperor Frederick Barbarossa
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73
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The Wehrmacht starts to concentrate its troops in the east.
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74
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Lieutenant Von Kaganick leaves for Poland.
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75
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Polish prisoner and Jewish have been put to work on verious construction projects.
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76
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Hitler wants to build a motor way across Poland
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77
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in order to move his army over to the new border with Russia.
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78
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This is where the 9th panzer division is installed.
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79
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Along with Von Kaganick's regiment.
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80
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He writes:
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81
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"Next to us is SS unit"
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82
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"The commander asks us"
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83
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"Do you want to see a Jew?"
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84
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"He makes a sign and a soldier brings over a little man"
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85
00:06:52,666 --> 00:06:55,600
"How many people have you stolen from today?"
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86
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"The man doesn't reply."
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87
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"Beat him 10 times with the stick."
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88
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"We were appalled."
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89
00:07:03,058 --> 00:07:05,792
"So this is our occupation of Poland?"
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90
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"We have heard weaked stories of cruelty"
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91
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"but it was impossible to know what really was going on."
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92
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"This country had become the country of silence."
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93
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"We didn't know that was the beginning of the genocide"
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94
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"to which we were lent our hands and our courage."
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95
00:07:30,792 --> 00:07:34,125
Hitler defers his plans for an offensive of east
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96
00:07:34,192 --> 00:07:36,725
He has to help out his ally Mussolini
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97
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who wants to fight his own
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98
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a separate war.
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99
00:07:41,325 --> 00:07:44,858
???? has just been routed by British in Africa
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100
00:07:44,925 --> 00:07:48,392
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101
00:07:48,458 --> 00:07:53,325
The Italian army is in disarray in the desert.
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102
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To rescue Mossolini from disaster
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103
00:07:55,192 --> 00:08:00,325
Hitler dispatchs one of his best genernals over to Libia, Genernal Rommel
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104
00:08:00,392 --> 00:08:05,458
along with his armor division, the Africa Corps.
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105
00:08:05,592 --> 00:08:07,792
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106
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107
00:08:09,192 --> 00:08:11,592
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108
00:08:13,925 --> 00:08:16,325
In Germany Rommel is a big hero
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109
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He is a man who take Kanburai, Arras, Rouen and Cherbourg
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110
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in May and June of 1940
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111
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and he is a truth Nazi
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112
00:08:25,525 --> 00:08:30,992
a devotee who has served Hitler with great zeal and efficiency from the very beginning.
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113
00:08:31,058 --> 00:08:35,792
Rommel believes in tanks and the lighting war.
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114
00:08:35,792 --> 00:08:40,792
He quickly orders the Africa Corps to set off for the British positions.
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115
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Rommel is already making a name for himself.
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116
00:08:54,325 --> 00:08:56,592
The British circulate his picture
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117
00:08:56,592 --> 00:09:00,725
with the description "This man is dangerous."
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118
00:09:02,392 --> 00:09:03,792
Hitler attacks Greece
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119
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the country that Mussolini has already tried to take.
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120
00:09:09,058 --> 00:09:10,792
After his blitzkrieg in the Balkans
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121
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and occupation of Yugoslavia
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122
00:09:12,992 --> 00:09:16,592
he drops his paratroopers over Crete.
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123
00:09:19,258 --> 00:09:22,925
Hitler has secured his southern flank for the invasion of Russia
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124
00:09:23,058 --> 00:09:25,325
but he's lost precious time.
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125
00:09:25,525 --> 00:09:28,592
Operation Barbarossa has been delayed by several weeks.
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126
00:09:28,725 --> 00:09:31,392
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127
00:09:31,525 --> 00:09:35,392
A grand military parade is traditionally held in Moscow's Red Square
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128
00:09:35,525 --> 00:09:38,325
to celebrate International Workers Day.
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129
00:09:38,392 --> 00:09:41,192
Special preparations have done into this one however
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130
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Stalin wants to make a big impression on the Germans.
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131
00:09:45,058 --> 00:09:47,192
He's been receiving information from his spies
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132
00:09:47,258 --> 00:09:49,925
warning of imminents of attack.
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133
00:09:49,925 --> 00:09:56,658
But he finds it hard to believe that Hitler would dare to break the German-Soviet non-aggression packed so soon.
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134
00:09:57,925 --> 00:10:00,258
The Germans are intending the parade
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135
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and Marshal Timoshenko the People's Commissar and Stalin's Defense Minister
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136
00:10:04,325 --> 00:10:08,525
seems to salute them with great respect.
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137
00:10:08,658 --> 00:10:12,858
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138
00:10:22,458 --> 00:10:23,658
Hitler is ready to attack.
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139
00:10:23,725 --> 00:10:26,258
But he wants to aviod fighting on two fronts.
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140
00:10:26,392 --> 00:10:28,525
He would like to make peace with Great Britain first.
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141
00:10:28,658 --> 00:10:30,725
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142
00:10:30,792 --> 00:10:34,858
In a suburbs of London, in a house that has been spared by  German bombs
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143
00:10:34,925 --> 00:10:39,658
Rose is helping her parents who are listening to the radio.
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144
00:10:39,725 --> 00:10:43,258
Suddenly an astonishing announcement comes over the BBC.
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145
00:10:45,392 --> 00:10:47,125
In Scotland near the Glasgow
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146
00:10:47,192 --> 00:10:52,258
there remains a Germany plane, a Messerschmitt 110 , have been found.
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147
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Its pilot bailed out by parachute.
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148
00:10:57,725 --> 00:11:00,192
He turns out to be a top ranking Nazi,
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149
00:11:00,325 --> 00:11:02,858
Hitler's deputy, Rudolf Hess.
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150
00:11:02,992 --> 00:11:04,192
He says:
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151
00:11:04,325 --> 00:11:07,192
"I have come on a mission of peace."
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152
00:11:10,058 --> 00:11:12,992
Hess was one of Hitler's first supporters
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153
00:11:13,058 --> 00:11:15,458
and he is one of the most fanatical.
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154
00:11:15,592 --> 00:11:19,458
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155
00:11:19,592 --> 00:11:24,525
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156
00:11:27,992 --> 00:11:29,792
Hess feels that the role he has played
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157
00:11:29,925 --> 00:11:33,325
doesn't be as glorious as that of other Nazi leaders.
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158
00:11:33,458 --> 00:11:35,058
He wants to prove to his F��hrer
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159
00:11:35,192 --> 00:11:37,992
that he Rudolf Hess is the only person
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160
00:11:38,058 --> 00:11:41,858
capable of finding a way out of the conflict with Great Britain.
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161
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but he is immediately locked up
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162
00:11:47,458 --> 00:11:49,592
Churchill rejects his overcharge
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163
00:11:49,658 --> 00:11:52,258
and Hitler disown him.
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164
00:11:52,392 --> 00:11:55,925
Hess will remain in prison for the rest of his life.
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165
00:11:57,392 --> 00:11:59,658
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166
00:11:59,792 --> 00:12:02,458
Meanwhile intelligence report indicate
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167
00:12:02,492 --> 00:12:05,058
that Hitler is planning to invade the Soviet Union.
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168
00:12:05,125 --> 00:12:07,792
but Stalin ignores their reports.
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169
00:12:07,858 --> 00:12:11,058
Just as he ignores the last message sent by Richard Sorge,
��Ҳ�������������������������ѶϢ

170
00:12:11,125 --> 00:12:13,725
a Soviet spy based in Tokyo.
��������פ�������������

171
00:12:13,858 --> 00:12:16,658
The document dated 30th May, 1941,
��ݷ���1941��5��30�յ��ļ�

172
00:12:16,792 --> 00:12:19,725
warns of German attack.
����˹���ֵ¹�����������

173
00:12:19,792 --> 00:12:23,125
In fact, Stalin continue to send raw materials to the Reich.
˹���ּ�����ԭ�ϵ�����־�۹�

174
00:12:23,192 --> 00:12:26,492
since the signing of German-Soviet non-agression packed
��ǩ�����ջ����ַ���Լ֮��

175
00:12:26,525 --> 00:12:32,125
he's exported thousands of tons of oil, chrome and nickel to Germany.
���ѳ�����ǧ��ʯ�ͣ����������¹�

176
00:12:32,192 --> 00:12:35,658
All of which help Hitler to conquer France.
��Щԭ�ϰ���ϣ���չ��˷���

177
00:12:37,525 --> 00:12:42,258
The last trainload is sent off on the 21st of June 1941
���һ������1941��6��21�������ͳ�

178
00:12:42,258 --> 00:12:47,925
carrying tons of wheat this train crosses the border at midnight.
���н�������С��Ļ�����ҹʱ��ͨ���߽�

179
00:12:48,058 --> 00:12:50,592
And on June 22nd, at 3am,
6��22���賿3��

180
00:12:50,725 --> 00:12:52,458
without offically declaring war
��δ��ʽ��ս�������

181
00:12:52,592 --> 00:12:58,058
the first Wehrmacht sappers steal over on the Russian territory.
��һ���¾��Ĺ���Ǳ����������

182
00:13:03,325 --> 00:13:07,525
��1941��6��22�ա�

183
00:13:07,658 --> 00:13:12,058
They are followed by 153 divisions
���¾���153��ʦҲ����Ǳ��

184
00:13:12,125 --> 00:13:17,125
as well as by Finnish, Romanian, Slovakian and Hungarian troops.
���⻹�з������������ǡ�˹�工�˺��������Ĳ���

185
00:13:17,192 --> 00:13:20,792
There was even the division of Spanish Fascist.
����������һʦ��������������˹�������

186
00:13:22,325 --> 00:13:26,592
Three million men along with six hundred thousand trucks
3�����˼���60��������

187
00:13:26,658 --> 00:13:31,592
many of which are made by French manufacturers such as Liere and Renault.
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188
00:13:34,658 --> 00:13:37,125
More than 3 thousnad tanks,
�¾�����3ǧ����̹�˳�

189
00:13:37,258 --> 00:13:40,992
7 thousand cannons,
7ǧ��������

190
00:13:41,125 --> 00:13:44,525
3 thousand aeroplanes,
3ǧ��ܷɻ�

191
00:13:53,525 --> 00:13:54,858
within 24 hours,
����24Сʱ

192
00:13:54,925 --> 00:14:00,192
15 hundred Soviet aircrafts are wiped out on the ground.
��1ǧ5�ټ������ɻ��ڵ����������

193
00:14:04,547 --> 00:14:09,613
Three hundred more Russian planes are shot down by the Germans.
������3�ټܷɻ���¾�����

194
00:14:09,680 --> 00:14:12,280
Taken by surprise overpowered
�¾���ǿ�������չ����Ϯ

195
00:14:12,413 --> 00:14:16,213
The Soviet air force has suffered a devastating blow
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196
00:14:20,613 --> 00:14:24,747
The German offensive is unleashed across 3 thousand kilometers
�¾������������ɨ3ǧ����

197
00:14:24,880 --> 00:14:27,147
and in three different directions.
���������������

198
00:14:27,280 --> 00:14:29,613
λ�ڱ����������Ŀ��
In the north the ideal logical target��

199
00:14:29,680 --> 00:14:33,947
Leningrad, Lening City, the cradle of Russia revolution,
����������ҡ�������ĳ�����������

200
00:14:33,980 --> 00:14:36,280
modern days St. Petersburg.
�����յ�ʥ�˵ñ�

201
00:14:39,547 --> 00:14:41,947
In the center, the political target,
λ���в�������Ŀ��

202
00:14:42,080 --> 00:14:45,147
Moscow, Stalin's capital.
˹���ֵ��׶�Ī˹��

203
00:14:45,280 --> 00:14:47,747
In the south, economic target,
λ���Ϸ��ľ���Ŀ��

204
00:14:47,880 --> 00:14:50,747
Kiev, at the Ukraine.
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205
00:14:52,947 --> 00:14:56,280
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206
00:14:56,413 --> 00:15:00,347
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207
00:15:00,480 --> 00:15:04,013
ͬ־�ǣ��������ǵ�ǹ

208
00:15:04,147 --> 00:15:07,813
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209
00:15:07,947 --> 00:15:11,880
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210
00:15:12,413 --> 00:15:15,813
ǰ����

211
00:15:15,947 --> 00:15:17,613
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212
00:15:17,747 --> 00:15:19,613
�������ҵľ���

213
00:15:19,680 --> 00:15:23,280
���ǵ�Ŀ��������

214
00:15:23,413 --> 00:15:26,947
���ǵĿں���ʤ��

215
00:15:27,080 --> 00:15:30,413
Ԫ�ף������������

216
00:15:30,547 --> 00:15:32,547
���ǽ�������

217
00:15:32,680 --> 00:15:34,880
In the northern Baltic states
�ڱ����Ĳ��޵ĺ����

218
00:15:34,913 --> 00:15:38,013
the Germans sometimes are hailed as liberators.
��Щ���ӵ¾�Ϊ�����

219
00:15:41,413 --> 00:15:43,147
After Stalin's reign of terror
����˹���ֵĿֲ�ͳ��֮��

220
00:15:43,213 --> 00:15:45,747
anything is better than N.K.V.D,
ʲô������������ίԱ����

221
00:15:45,880 --> 00:15:48,147
the ruthless Soviet secret police,
���������ά�����ܾ�����֯

222
00:15:48,213 --> 00:15:51,280
responsible for political repression.
�������������ѹ

223
00:15:51,413 --> 00:15:52,913
Forced to pull out,
�ڱ��ȳ��˵������

224
00:15:52,980 --> 00:15:57,413
they execute Baltic anti-communists in the prisons.
���Ǵ������޵ĺ�������з�������������

225
00:15:57,480 --> 00:16:02,413
Local anti-semites accuse the Jews are being collusion with the communists.
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226
00:16:03,480 --> 00:16:05,947
Jews are forced to carry the corpses.
��̫�˱��Ȱ���ʬ��

227
00:16:13,847 --> 00:16:15,113
Across the Baltic states,
���޵ĺ����������

228
00:16:15,247 --> 00:16:18,380
people start organizing pogroms against Jews
��ʼ����̫�˽�������֯�Ĵ���ɱ

229
00:16:18,447 --> 00:16:20,913
with the German's encourage with special instructions
�¾��������ر�ָ������

230
00:16:21,047 --> 00:16:25,313
like "do not leave any traces".
�����ǡ��������κκۼ���

231
00:16:27,780 --> 00:16:31,447
Burning the bodys is one way eliminating them.
����ʬ��������֤�ݵķ���֮һ

232
00:16:40,047 --> 00:16:41,313
On the central front,
���в���ǰ��

233
00:16:41,447 --> 00:16:45,113
Genernal Guderian, the tank strategist and proponent of blitzkrieg
̹�˳�ս�ԼҼ�����սӵ���߹ŵ��ﰲ����

234
00:16:45,247 --> 00:16:47,647
is held up by the Stalin Line.
�⵽˹���ַ����赲

235
00:16:47,713 --> 00:16:53,313
A serious fortifications ???? ???? have to take by assault.
װ��Ͷ����ʦ���Թ�����ʽ������ռ����ЩҪ��

236
00:16:56,713 --> 00:16:59,980
Guderian continues to advance,
�ŵ��ﰲ����ǰ��

237
00:17:07,713 --> 00:17:12,379
but an unforseen factor soon slows down his fine motorized units.
����������������������������ض������ٶ�

238
00:17:12,446 --> 00:17:15,913
At his describe by Von Kaganick:
���������ξ��������

239
00:17:15,980 --> 00:17:19,647
"We'd advanced on armor cars and dust envelopes us"
�����ǳ���װ�׳�ǰ���������������ǡ�

240
00:17:19,780 --> 00:17:21,047
"We are in Russia"
�����ǹ������˹�ˡ�

241
00:17:21,180 --> 00:17:23,647
"where roads and asphalt doesn't exist."
������û�е�·�����ࡱ

242
00:17:23,713 --> 00:17:25,180
"It's awful."
��̫�����ˡ�

243
00:17:25,312 --> 00:17:28,580
"The sticky yellow or red dust gets into everything,"
�����ж���ȫմ����Ļ����������

244
00:17:28,713 --> 00:17:32,713
"into your eyes, your nose, your mouth."
���������ܽ����ǵ��۾������Ӻ���͡�

245
00:17:35,847 --> 00:17:40,047
Under such conditions these men move 50 kilometers a day.
�����������Щ��һ��ֻ��ǰ��50����

246
00:17:40,113 --> 00:17:46,247
They have marched all the way to Warsaw, to Oslo, to Bayonne.
����һ·�ӻ�ɳ����˹½ǰ��������

247
00:17:46,380 --> 00:17:51,313
They are beginning to realize just how vast Russia is.
���ǿ�ʼ�˽������ж��

248
00:17:59,713 --> 00:18:02,313
Hundreds and hundreds of kilometers go by
�����������ٹ���

249
00:18:02,447 --> 00:18:05,647
without a single village in sight.
ȴû�����κδ���

250
00:18:05,713 --> 00:18:11,580
It is becoming harder and harder for the supply, fuel and ammunition trucks to get through.
���;��衢ȼ�Ϻ͵�ҩ�Ŀ���Խ��Խ�ѿ��ֲ������ڵ�

251
00:18:14,713 --> 00:18:18,313
But there is another situation that the German soldiers must deal with
���¹�ʿ������Ӧ����һ��״��

252
00:18:18,447 --> 00:18:21,647
the Russians are putting up a good defense.
�����˵ķ�������ǿ

253
00:18:25,580 --> 00:18:28,513
A new type of Russian tank appears on the scene
һ����������̹�˳�

254
00:18:28,647 --> 00:18:31,580
and this is a big surprise.
��������¾�������

255
00:18:31,713 --> 00:18:36,447
The T-34, a 30-ton monster equipped with a formidable cannon
30���صľ޴�T-34̹�˱��п��µĴ���

256
00:18:36,580 --> 00:18:40,913
and wide tracks that can go anywhere.
���ɿ����κεط��Ŀ��Ĵ�

257
00:18:40,980 --> 00:18:45,113
T-34, it is superior to the German tanks in gun power and amor thickness
T-34���ڻ�����װ�׺�����ڵ¾���̹��

258
00:18:45,180 --> 00:18:50,247
but has only rudimentary radios and clumpy gear boxs.
��ȴֻ�䱸���������ߵ��豸�ͱ��صĳ�����

259
00:18:56,647 --> 00:18:58,847
The only weapon powerful enough to neutralize it
Ψһ�ܴݻ�T-34������

260
00:18:58,913 --> 00:19:02,113
is the German 88 cannon.
�ǵ¾���88����

261
00:19:13,513 --> 00:19:15,713
Still the Germans are better armed
�������¹�������װ���Ͼ���

262
00:19:15,780 --> 00:19:18,647
and their army is stronger.
���ǵľ���Ҳ�Ƚ�ǿ

263
00:19:22,513 --> 00:19:24,847
But these "Ivans" that they call the Russians
�����¹��˳�Ϊ�����������վ�

264
00:19:24,980 --> 00:19:29,047
will fight to the nail until the very end.
����ȫ����ս�����

265
00:19:32,247 --> 00:19:35,047
The Russians have already suffered a heavy losses
�����˼���ʧ����

266
00:19:35,113 --> 00:19:38,847
but the German casualty is also rising.
���¾�����������Ҳ������

267
00:19:51,713 --> 00:19:55,047
The Germans continue to make progress towards their three goals,
�¾����������ǵ�����Ŀ��ǰ��

268
00:19:55,180 --> 00:19:58,447
Leningrad, Moscow and Kiev
�������ա�Ī˹�ƺͻ���

269
00:19:58,580 --> 00:20:01,780
by capturing entire armies.
����²��֧��������

270
00:20:05,447 --> 00:20:09,913
Hitler's orders are to immediately execute all political commissars
ϣ����������������������ί

271
00:20:09,980 --> 00:20:17,380
members of the communist party whose job is to oversee the officers and keep an eye on soldiers in each military unit.
��Щ������Ա������Ӹ����µ�λ�ľ��ٺ�ʿ��

272
00:20:17,513 --> 00:20:21,247
Guderian is opposed to this criminal order.
�ŵ��ﰲ���������������

273
00:20:21,313 --> 00:20:25,647
However, according to the commander of 4th Panzer Army Group Genernal Heppner
Ȼ��������װ��ʦ��ָ�ӹٺ����ɽ���˵

274
00:20:25,780 --> 00:20:29,913
"This war must be lead with unprecedent brutality"
���������Կ�ǰ�Ĳ��̴��ⳡ�̡�

275
00:20:30,047 --> 00:20:33,847
"there is to be no mercy for the Bolsheviks."
�����ǲ�����������ʲά�˳�Ա��

276
00:20:41,313 --> 00:20:44,113
The Bolsheviks, the Russians fight desperately
�����Ĳ���ʲά�˳�Ա�����Կ�

277
00:20:44,247 --> 00:20:46,247
with fewer and fewer weapons
���ǵ�����Խ��Խ��

278
00:20:46,313 --> 00:20:50,380
often with only a rifle for four men.
���˹���һ�Ѳ�ǹ�ǳ��е���

279
00:20:57,047 --> 00:21:01,047
They are forced to retreat along the entire front.
���Ǳ�������ǰ�߳���

280
00:21:07,363 --> 00:21:10,496
For Stalin things are looking very bad.
���ƶ�˹����ʮ�ֲ���

281
00:21:10,630 --> 00:21:14,030
��1941��7��3�ա�

282
00:21:17,763 --> 00:21:19,630
With his heavy Georgia accent
����Ũ��������ǿ���

283
00:21:19,763 --> 00:21:22,896
he pronounces his words he's never used before.
˵��������ʹ�ù�������

284
00:21:23,030 --> 00:21:26,830
He calls the Russians "my brothers and my sisters".
���������ˡ��ҵ��ֵܽ��á�

285
00:21:26,963 --> 00:21:28,763
He tells them the truth.
������������ʵ

286
00:21:28,896 --> 00:21:31,763
"We are under attacks by Hitler's Germany."
��������ϣ����ͳ�εĵ¹�������

287
00:21:31,896 --> 00:21:35,030
"The enemy is cruel and implacable."
�����˲п����顱

288
00:21:35,096 --> 00:21:39,030
"A grave danger hangs over our country."
�����ǹ��������ټ����Σ�ա�

289
00:21:39,163 --> 00:21:41,630
In darkness hour he dares to predict
��������ڰ���ʱ��Ԥ��

290
00:21:41,696 --> 00:21:45,963
"Is it true that the German Fascists troops are invincible?"
���¹��ķ���˹��������������޵��𣿡�

291
00:21:46,096 --> 00:21:49,030
"Napoleon's army were considered invincible"
�������صľ���������Ϊս�޲�ʤ��

292
00:21:49,163 --> 00:21:51,696
"but it was beaten."
���������վ����Ǳ�����ˡ�

293
00:22:08,563 --> 00:22:12,096
He orders the factories along with their machines and their workers
�������������������������͹���

294
00:22:12,230 --> 00:22:16,630
to relocate to the east to the Ural mountains.
��������������ɽ��

295
00:22:18,630 --> 00:22:21,963
and he gives farmers and peasants an absolute order
����ũ��͵�ũ����һ����������

296
00:22:22,096 --> 00:22:24,630
"Leave, leave your ????, your house "
���뿪����ס��Сľ�ݡ�

297
00:22:24,763 --> 00:22:26,363
"destroy everything."
�����ݻ����ж�����

298
00:22:26,496 --> 00:22:28,896
"Leave behind nothing that can be of any use."
���������κ��нǵĶ�����

299
00:22:28,963 --> 00:22:33,563
"to the Fascists and Hitler Right aggressor."
������Щ����˹����ϣ�������������ߡ�

300
00:22:33,696 --> 00:22:37,030
This is Stalin's scorched earth policy.
����˹���ֵĽ�������

301
00:22:46,230 --> 00:22:50,030
The German officers have not forgotten about Napoleon.
�¹����ٲ�δ����������

302
00:22:52,630 --> 00:22:53,763
In 1812
1812��

303
00:22:53,830 --> 00:22:56,363
The Russians defeated Napoleon's grand army
�����˴�������صĴ��

304
00:22:56,496 --> 00:22:59,163
by burning their towns and fields
�������ջ����ǵĳ�������

305
00:22:59,230 --> 00:23:03,296
and then massacre the French in the battle of Borodino
Ȼ���ڰ��ռ���֮ս��ɱ������

306
00:23:04,696 --> 00:23:06,363
In erarly July 1941
1941��7�³�

307
00:23:06,430 --> 00:23:10,896
the Germans also reach the Borodino river on the central front
�¾�Ҳ���в���ս���������ռ��ɺ�

308
00:23:10,963 --> 00:23:13,630
and they keep going.
���Ҽ���ǰ��

309
00:23:13,696 --> 00:23:17,296
Resistance by the Soviet is growing stronger.
�����˵ĵֿ�Խ��Խ����

310
00:23:17,296 --> 00:23:21,963
On the other side of river an unpleasant surprise awaits for Germans.
�ڰ��ռ��ɺӵ���һ���г������ϵĻ����ڵ��ŵ¾�

311
00:23:22,030 --> 00:23:25,830
The Russians've set up a new kind of artillery,
�����˼�����һ�����ͻ���

312
00:23:25,896 --> 00:23:28,630
a new rocket mounting called "Stalin's Organ"
���ֻ��������������˹���ֵķ��١�

313
00:23:28,696 --> 00:23:30,963
or "Katyusha",
�򡰿���ɳ��

314
00:23:31,030 --> 00:23:34,630
because of its sound like a missed organ pipes,
��Ϊ������������һ����ٹ�

315
00:23:34,763 --> 00:23:38,696
a most terrified weapon.
��һ������µ�����

316
00:23:43,763 --> 00:23:48,430
But nothing can stop the German and advance.
��û��ʲô�����ӵ¾�ǰ��

317
00:23:48,563 --> 00:23:51,230
By mid July they have reached Smolensk
������7���еִ�˹Ħ��˹��

318
00:23:51,363 --> 00:23:53,296
the last bigh city before Moscow.
λ��Ī˹��֮ǰ��������

319
00:23:53,363 --> 00:23:56,563
��1941��7�¡�

320
00:23:59,630 --> 00:24:03,096
The battle for Smolensk lasts 3 weeks
˹Ħ��˹��֮ս����3����

321
00:24:13,096 --> 00:24:15,430
The Russians fight until the very end
��������ս�����һ��

322
00:24:15,496 --> 00:24:19,496
despite the calls for surrender coming over the German overland speakers
��Ȼ�¾�ʹ����������������Ͷ��

323
00:24:21,363 --> 00:24:24,163
Ͷ����

324
00:24:24,230 --> 00:24:29,096
���ǻ��ƴ����ǵ�

325
00:24:30,163 --> 00:24:33,763
Very few are taken prisoner
���²����������

326
00:24:33,830 --> 00:24:36,630
Some of the survivors going to hide in deep forests
��Щ�����߶㵽ɭ���

327
00:24:36,763 --> 00:24:39,296
and become insurgents.
Ȼ���Ϊ�λ���

328
00:24:48,496 --> 00:24:53,496
They are joined by many peasants and farmers who may train to fight.
�����ũ��ũ��������ǣ����Ǳ�ѵ����Щ����ս

329
00:24:53,563 --> 00:24:56,963
They hunt down traitors
����׷��������

330
00:24:57,030 --> 00:24:59,696
and disrupt the enemy's communication lines.
���ƻ����˵Ľ�ͨ��ͨ����·

331
00:25:06,696 --> 00:25:08,296
The reprisals are brutal.
�¾��ı����ֶμ�����

332
00:25:08,430 --> 00:25:09,763
The F��hrer orders:
Ԫ������

333
00:25:09,896 --> 00:25:16,296
"Immediately liquidate all people suspected of harboring even the smallest ???? hostility"
���κζԵ¹����е���֮�ˣ�������ɱ�����ÿ�����

334
00:25:26,896 --> 00:25:32,296
Hitler consults with the Wehrmacht's Commanding Chief ???? Marshal Keitel
ϣ���պ�½����˾�̩��Ԫ˧����

335
00:25:34,763 --> 00:25:38,763
Operation Barbarassa is slowing down.
�Ͱ������ƻ��Ľ�չ����

336
00:25:38,763 --> 00:25:44,630
Some of the generals believe that Hitler's strategy of using of hree-pronged attack is to blame.
��Щ������Ϊ��ȫ�����ϣ���յ��������¹�������

337
00:25:50,896 --> 00:25:55,526
Instead, Marshal Von Bock commander of the army group of center
��·���ž�ָ�ӹٲ���Ԫ˧

338
00:25:55,596 --> 00:25:57,963
wants all of his forces focused on Moscow.
�뼯�����б�������Ī˹��

339
00:25:58,096 --> 00:26:03,230
Hitler does not like generals who dears to contridict to him.
ϣ���ղ���ϲ�����ҷ������Ľ���

340
00:26:05,763 --> 00:26:07,496
General Guderian is there.
�ŵ��ﰲ�����ڳ�

341
00:26:07,630 --> 00:26:09,163
He insists:
�����

342
00:26:09,296 --> 00:26:13,563
"We are only 3 hundred and 50 kilometers away from Moscow now."
����������ֻ����Ī˹��350���

343
00:26:13,696 --> 00:26:15,963
"You understand nothing." says the F��hrer.
Ԫ��˵����ʲô��������

344
00:26:16,030 --> 00:26:18,296
"You know nothing about wartime economics."
���㲻�˽�սʱ���á�

345
00:26:18,363 --> 00:26:20,630
"First we need the wheat from the Ukraine"
������������Ҫ�ڿ�����С��

346
00:26:20,630 --> 00:26:24,096
"so they don't starve us that they did previously before."
���������˲��޷�����ǰ��������������սʱ������

347
00:26:24,230 --> 00:26:26,096
"Moscow is nothing but a symbol."
��Ī˹�Ʋ�����һ�����硱

348
00:26:26,230 --> 00:26:28,830
"We'll take care of it later."
������֮��������ռ�ǳ��С�

349
00:26:28,896 --> 00:26:31,696
He orders Guderian to swing south towards Kiev
�����ŵ��ﰲת���Ϸ���������

350
00:26:31,830 --> 00:26:35,130
in order to close the pincer around the Russian armies
�Ա��ս����վ����ܷ����ļй�

351
00:26:35,196 --> 00:26:39,030
still operating in pocket to the rear of the Wehrmacht.
����һЩС�Ͳ����ڵ¹�½�����ж�

352
00:26:45,563 --> 00:26:49,430
It will be the biggest encirclement before time.
�⽫����ʷ��������ģ�İ�Χ�ж�

353
00:26:49,563 --> 00:26:54,896
The Germans capture 6 hundred thousand Russian soldiers in one fail scoop.
�¾�һ�ٷ�²��60��������ʿ��

354
00:26:56,430 --> 00:26:58,830
Himmler comes through on the visit.
ϣķ�������Ӳ�

355
00:26:58,963 --> 00:27:02,230
No provisions've been made to feed the prisoners.
�¾�û�зַ���ʳ����²

356
00:27:05,630 --> 00:27:12,696
With supreme indifference Himmler contemplates those that he calls "Untemanch" or "Subhumans".
ϣķ��Į�����ĵ�������Щ����ν�ġ��͵��ˡ�

357
00:27:13,830 --> 00:27:17,296
He would coldly let them starve to death.
��������������Ƕ���

358
00:27:22,763 --> 00:27:25,096
Lieutenant Von Kaganick writes:
���������ξд��

359
00:27:25,163 --> 00:27:27,096
"We lived quite well in Ukraine."
���������ڿ������úܺá�

360
00:27:27,230 --> 00:27:28,763
"We had everything we needed"
������Ҫʲô��ʲô��

361
00:27:28,896 --> 00:27:31,896
"eggs, butter, fruits, milk, wine"
�����絰�����͡�ˮ�����̺����Ѿơ�

362
00:27:31,963 --> 00:27:36,230
"and excellent red wine from area around black sea."
�����Ǻȵ��Ǻں�һ����������ʺ�ơ�

363
00:27:45,630 --> 00:27:46,696
He goes on
������д��

364
00:27:46,696 --> 00:27:50,563
"The Ukrainians will come up to us, smiling, filled with joy. "
���ڿ����˴���΢Ц������������ʮ��ϲ�á�

365
00:27:50,630 --> 00:27:53,030
"The women will bring us bread and honey"
����Ů����������ͷ��ۡ�

366
00:27:53,096 --> 00:27:56,496
"They thought us as their liberators."
��������Ϊ�����ǽ�������ǡ�

367
00:28:02,630 --> 00:28:06,130
The Ukrainians have many reasons to hate the Russians
�ڿ�����ʹ�������˵�ԭ��ܶ�

368
00:28:06,496 --> 00:28:07,160
and especially Stalin
������˹����

369
00:28:07,227 --> 00:28:11,027
who in the early 30s orchestrated a massive starvation policy
˹������30������ڲ߻����ģ��������

370
00:28:11,160 --> 00:28:14,627
that killed as many as 7 million people.
���7�����˶���

371
00:28:14,760 --> 00:28:17,627
Many Ukrainians, some Anti-Semitic
�ܶ��ڿ����˺�һЩ����̫����

372
00:28:17,694 --> 00:28:20,994
also incriminate the Jews and carry out a pogrom
Ҳ��Ϊ��̫�����ﲢ�����ǽ��д���ɱ

373
00:28:21,127 --> 00:28:22,494
such as here in Zolochiv
�������ͷ���������

374
00:28:22,560 --> 00:28:25,094
while the Germans look on.
�¾��������Թ�

375
00:28:28,427 --> 00:28:32,227
In fact many Ukrainians side with Nazis
��ʵ�кܶ��ڿ�����֧���ɴ⵳

376
00:28:35,227 --> 00:28:39,227
but Germany will spoil this opportunity to gain an ally.
���¹��ƻ�����������ڿ������˵Ļ���

377
00:28:39,294 --> 00:28:42,860
Marshal Goering the second higher's ranking figure in the Reich
����־�۹��ڶ��ѽ���

378
00:28:42,994 --> 00:28:44,160
comes to the Ukraine.
����Ԫ˧���ڿ���

379
00:28:44,294 --> 00:28:45,560
He says
��˵

380
00:28:45,694 --> 00:28:47,627
"No useless mouth to feed"
�����ǲ���û�õ��ˡ�

381
00:28:47,760 --> 00:28:50,560
"Those who can work will work for the Reich."
�������µ��˵������־�۹�������

382
00:28:50,694 --> 00:28:52,427
"The rest will die."
��������ͨͨ������

383
00:28:52,494 --> 00:28:57,427
"Those who work with everything they have until they themself die. "
���ܹ������˵�ȫ������ֱ����Ϊֹ��

384
00:29:08,760 --> 00:29:13,460
Goering is here to implement this policy of enslaving the Ukraine
��������ִ��ū���ڿ���������

385
00:29:13,494 --> 00:29:16,760
and carry out the methodical annihilation of Jews.
ͬʱ�мƻ���������̫��

386
00:29:16,894 --> 00:29:19,860
He is companied by Alfred Rosenberg
�����׵���ɭ������ͬ��һ����

387
00:29:19,994 --> 00:29:22,960
a seneschal theoretician of Nazi racism.
�����ɴ������������Ҫ���ۼ�

388
00:29:29,560 --> 00:29:32,960
Himmler and Heinrich set up execution commandos
ϣķ���ͺ�����ϣ����һ������ͻ����

389
00:29:33,094 --> 00:29:35,027
called ???? ????
�����ر��ж���

390
00:29:35,160 --> 00:29:37,760
that is composed of SS members, policemen
���Ա������������Ա������

391
00:29:37,827 --> 00:29:42,294
and Wehrmacht soldiers who round up the Jews.
���и���Χ����̫�˵�ʿ��

392
00:29:48,560 --> 00:29:50,894
The SSs take the Jews to the woods
����������̫�˴���������

393
00:29:51,027 --> 00:29:52,627
and give them shovels
Ȼ�󷢲��Ӹ�����

394
00:29:52,760 --> 00:29:55,760
so that they can dig their own graves.
Ҫ�����ھ��Լ��ķ�Ĺ

395
00:30:14,760 --> 00:30:17,694
but they decided that this process is too slow.
�����Ǿ�����ô���ٶ�̫��

396
00:30:17,760 --> 00:30:21,227
so they order long common graves to be dug
������������̫���ھ��κ���Ĺ

397
00:30:21,294 --> 00:30:25,494
and make that victims lie down on top of the last group of dead bodies.
Ȼ�����ܺ���������һ����ʬ��

398
00:30:47,027 --> 00:30:50,227
But even this procedure takes too long.
��������Ҳ�ܺ�ʱ��

399
00:30:50,294 --> 00:30:56,760
The SS prepare a levee known as Babi Yar near Kiev.
�������ڻ������������ӹ�׼�����д���ɱ

400
00:30:58,827 --> 00:31:05,427
33771 Jews will be executed in two days
��33771����̫��������֮���⴦��

401
00:31:05,560 --> 00:31:09,894
men, women and children.
���а�����Ů�ͺ�ͯ

402
00:31:16,000 --> 00:31:21,194
In this living hell as in hundreds of others through out the front
����ǰ�������ٳ��˼�����е���һ����

403
00:31:21,394 --> 00:31:24,194
the executers take pictures of their victims.
���������������ܺ��ߵ���Ƭ��

404
00:31:25,560 --> 00:31:30,060
This premeditated cold bloody massacre of million Jews
�ⳡ����һ��������̫�˵���ѪԤı����ɱ

405
00:31:30,127 --> 00:31:34,227
will come to be known as the "holocaust by bullets".
�󱻳�Ϊ���ӵ�����ɱ��

406
00:31:36,194 --> 00:31:37,994
But Himmler isn't pleased.
��ϣķ����������

407
00:31:38,060 --> 00:31:42,660
He has attended one of ???? ???? "Aktion"
���������ر��ж�����ν�ġ��ж���

408
00:31:42,727 --> 00:31:46,994
noticing the psychological burdens that these mass killing have on his soldiers
��ע�⵽��Щ����ɱ������ʿ�������������

409
00:31:47,060 --> 00:31:50,594
he begin searching for alternative methods.
�����ʼѰ����������

410
00:31:50,727 --> 00:31:53,327
This will lead to the use of the gas vans
�⵼�µ¾�ʹ�ö������ͳ�

411
00:31:53,394 --> 00:31:56,794
with the exhaust pipe hooked up to the rear compartment
���������ܽӵ����������ͳ�

412
00:31:56,860 --> 00:32:00,127
and a year later, the gas chambers.
һ��󣬵¾���ʼʹ�ö�����

413
00:32:02,127 --> 00:32:05,860
In the north the long siege of Leningrad begins
�ڱ����¾���ʼ���ڰ�Χ��������

414
00:32:17,460 --> 00:32:19,794
The Germans have their plan
�¾����ⶨ�ƻ�

415
00:32:19,860 --> 00:32:21,527
"Instead of fighting in the streets"
�����ǲ����н�ͷս��

416
00:32:21,594 --> 00:32:26,194
"we'll let our artillery and starvation do the job."
"���ǽ����ô��ںͼ�������"

417
00:32:46,327 --> 00:32:49,060
City buildings are destroyed.
���н�����ݻ�

418
00:32:57,460 --> 00:33:01,260
A zoo elephant is the victim in one air raid
����԰��ͷ�����ڿ�Ϯ������

419
00:33:03,060 --> 00:33:06,994
Food rations soon fall below the minimum necessary
ʳ��������ܿ�͵������������

420
00:33:07,127 --> 00:33:09,127
but the worse is to come
������������

421
00:33:09,260 --> 00:33:11,394
with the arrival of winter.
��Ϊ����쵽��

422
00:33:12,927 --> 00:33:15,327
��1941��9��30�ա�

423
00:33:15,394 --> 00:33:18,327
In the south Guderian finally recieve the order from Hitler
���Ϸ��Ĺŵ��ﰲ�����յ�ϣ���յ�����

424
00:33:18,460 --> 00:33:21,527
to rejoin the other armys up north
Ҫ���������������ӻ��

425
00:33:21,594 --> 00:33:24,594
and proceed towards Moscow.
Ȼ��Ī˹���ƽ�

426
00:33:29,260 --> 00:33:33,327
Along this enormous front from Leningrad to Odessa
�¾����������������������쵽�������ĳ���ս��ǰ��

427
00:33:33,394 --> 00:33:36,394
the thrust towards Moscow seems unstoppable.
�ƺ�û��ʲô���������ǳ�Ī˹���ƽ�

428
00:33:36,527 --> 00:33:39,260
��Ī˹�ơ�

429
00:33:42,127 --> 00:33:46,060
The Germans take another seven hundred thousand prisoners.
�¾��ַ�²70����

430
00:33:49,527 --> 00:33:52,460
Genernal Jodl, Chief of Staff of the Wehrmacht says:
½����ı��Լ�¶�����˵

431
00:33:52,594 --> 00:33:56,127
"We have won the war."
�����Ǵ�Ӯ�ⳡս���ˡ�

432
00:34:03,527 --> 00:34:05,194
Von Kaganick writes:
���������ξд��

433
00:34:05,327 --> 00:34:08,594
"We suddenly have to deal with the most frightful adversary"
������ͻȻ����Ӧ������µĶ��֡�

434
00:34:08,660 --> 00:34:13,794
"the autumn rain and mud which the Russians call Rusbotisa"
�������˳�Ϊ��˹���������������͡�

435
00:34:13,926 --> 00:34:16,127
"endless mud so gluey and sticky"
���������������͡�

436
00:34:16,260 --> 00:34:18,660
"that it sucks and holds on everything"
����ͻ������ס���ж�����

437
00:34:18,794 --> 00:34:20,460
"They won't let go anything."
���κζ��������Ź���

438
00:34:20,527 --> 00:34:25,127
"whether it is a tank, a truck, a horse or a man."
��������̹�˳��������������˶�һ����

439
00:34:33,727 --> 00:34:35,926
"It makes any movement impossible."
����������粽���С�

440
00:34:36,060 --> 00:34:38,260
"We do 5 to 8 kilometers a day"
������һ��ֻ��ǰ��5��8���

441
00:34:38,394 --> 00:34:41,727
"instead of 30."
��֮ǰ����һ������30���

442
00:34:41,859 --> 00:34:45,593
"Putting one foot in front of the other requires a super human effort."
����һ�����û������������

443
00:34:45,660 --> 00:34:50,527
"The panzers, the pride of the Wehrmacht, are brought to a standstill."
��½���Ժ���װ�׳���ȫ�޷�ǰ����

444
00:35:02,260 --> 00:35:04,260
Hitler writes to his troops:
ϣ����д�Ÿ����Ĳ���

445
00:35:04,394 --> 00:35:06,127
"Soldiers on the eastern front"
���ڶ���ǰ���ϵ�ʿ����

446
00:35:06,194 --> 00:35:07,327
"Comrades"
��ͬ־�ǡ�

447
00:35:07,394 --> 00:35:11,461
"today begins the last great decisive battle"
����������չ�����һ���ؼ�ս�ۡ�

448
00:35:15,794 --> 00:35:18,927
��1941��11��1�ա�

449
00:35:19,061 --> 00:35:23,394
And all at once the German army starts moving again towards Moscow
�¾�ͻȻ��ʼ��Ī˹��ǰ��

450
00:35:23,527 --> 00:35:26,727
because the frosters account and harded the ground.
��Ϊ�ѿ�ʼ��˪���������Ӳ

451
00:35:26,861 --> 00:35:29,127
The world is holding its breath.
ȫ������Ϣ�Դ�

452
00:35:29,194 --> 00:35:31,661
Will Hitler defeat Stalin?
ϣ�����ܴ��˹������

453
00:35:35,794 --> 00:35:38,461
This is when right wing extremists in the occupied countries
��¹�ռ���԰��������������

454
00:35:38,594 --> 00:35:41,927
starts signing up to serve in the German army.
����ʱ��ʼ��������¾�

455
00:35:42,061 --> 00:35:44,927
Belgiums, Dans, Dutch men
����ʱ�ˡ������ˡ�������

456
00:35:44,994 --> 00:35:48,927
and the young men in the LVF, the Legion of French Voluteers
���з�����Ը��������

457
00:35:48,994 --> 00:35:52,327
decide to don the German uniform
�������ϵ¾��Ʒ�

458
00:35:52,394 --> 00:35:55,527
and fight on the eastern front.
������ǰ��ȥ��ս

459
00:36:04,327 --> 00:36:05,994
They will suffer.
���ǽ��ܿ�

460
00:36:06,127 --> 00:36:10,594
An early cold front swifts through beginning in November 1941.
1941��11�³�һ���綬�����ͨ������

461
00:36:10,661 --> 00:36:16,061
Tempretures will plummet to almost minus 40 degree celsius.
���½��轵������40���϶�

462
00:36:16,194 --> 00:36:21,061
The Wehrmacht was designed to conduct a blitzkrieg/a lightning war.
�¾�ԭ���ƻ���������ս

463
00:36:21,127 --> 00:36:25,861
It was supposed to bring Russia to his knees in four months.
���Ǳ�����4��������ʹ��������

464
00:36:25,994 --> 00:36:28,327
It is not equipped for winter.
��֧����û���ù�����׼��

465
00:36:28,394 --> 00:36:30,394
Guderian writes in his memoirs
�ŵ��ﰲ�����Ļ���¼��д��

466
00:36:30,461 --> 00:36:32,194
"It was a sight to see"
���Ǿ���������ҡ�

467
00:36:32,261 --> 00:36:37,461
"those half starved insufficiently clothes men fight every poor shelter "
����Щ�����������������������ª�ı��Ѵ���

468
00:36:39,527 --> 00:36:42,461
"They fight to control even a tiny village."
����С�Ĵ�������Ҳ�����ƿء�

469
00:36:51,127 --> 00:36:53,927
"Losing a village, losing even a single ????  "
��ʧȥһ����������ֻ��ʧȥһ��Сľ�ݡ�

470
00:36:54,061 --> 00:36:56,461
"means death."
���ͻ�û����

471
00:36:56,594 --> 00:37:00,261
The men die of cold or dysentery.
�¹�ʿ�����������������

472
00:37:00,394 --> 00:37:04,594
Diarrhea makes them run off 30 times a day.
��к������һ�����30�β���

473
00:37:04,727 --> 00:37:07,394
Doctor Harp, the Wehrmacht's physician warns them
�¾�ҽ������ҽ����������

474
00:37:07,527 --> 00:37:09,061
"You have to choose"
�����Ǳ���ѡ��

475
00:37:09,194 --> 00:37:12,461
"If you pull down your trousers you freeze to death"
��������¿������ǻᶳ����

476
00:37:12,527 --> 00:37:14,727
"You must take apart the seam in the back"
�����Ǳ���𿪿��Ӻ���ķ�ϴ���

477
00:37:14,861 --> 00:37:19,727
"so you won't have to pull them down."
���������ǾͲ����ѿ��ӡ�

478
00:37:19,794 --> 00:37:20,994
In shot contrast
����һ��ǿ�ҵĶ���

479
00:37:21,127 --> 00:37:22,994
the men in the Africa Corps in the desert
��ɳĮ�еķ��޾���ʿ��

480
00:37:23,127 --> 00:37:26,527
are able to fry eggs from the top of the seasoning surfaces of their tanks
������̹�˳����ȵı���嵰

481
00:37:26,661 --> 00:37:30,461
while listening to the war song "Lili Marleen".
ͬʱ�������������������׷�ս����

482
00:37:46,261 --> 00:37:49,127
The war in the desert is also getting bogged down
��ɳĮ��ս��Ҳ����

483
00:37:49,261 --> 00:37:50,994
in the sand.
ʿ������ɳ����

484
00:37:51,127 --> 00:37:53,261
Petro and food supplies are lacking.
�¾�ȱ�����ͺ�ʳ��

485
00:37:53,327 --> 00:37:56,527
Rommel has to order a hold.
¡�������ò���������ͣǰ��

486
00:37:56,594 --> 00:37:59,127
However, he is planning a new offensive
���������ڲ߻��µĽ����ƻ�

487
00:37:59,194 --> 00:38:03,127
a new sacrifices for his men in Africa Corps.
������Ҫ���ķ��޾�����һ������

488
00:38:06,261 --> 00:38:08,261
Meanwhile, on the road to Moscow
��ʱ����ǰ��Ī˹�Ƶ�;��

489
00:38:08,327 --> 00:38:13,261
The Germans are no longer able to wash or change their clothes.
�¾����޷�ϴ�·����·�

490
00:38:13,394 --> 00:38:14,594
Like their enemies
���Ǻ����ǵĵ���һ��

491
00:38:14,661 --> 00:38:20,594
they are driven crazy by lice and parasites that bring scabies and typhus.
������ɽ괯�Ͱ����˺���ʭ�ͼ�������Ʒ���

492
00:38:20,661 --> 00:38:26,327
Napoleon's grand army lost over a hundred thousand men to typhus.
�����صĴ������10������������˺�����

493
00:38:26,394 --> 00:38:29,927
Inspite of it all, the Wehrmacht pushes on.
������ˣ��¾���Ȼ�ƽ�

494
00:38:35,794 --> 00:38:39,261
The German vanguard reaches the outskirt of Moscow
�¾��ȷ�ִ�Ī˹���н�

495
00:38:39,327 --> 00:38:43,861
and even the end of the bus line that goes straight to Red Square.
����������ͨ���쳡�Ĺ�����·��ͷ

496
00:38:47,394 --> 00:38:50,594
While the Soviet army holds back the advancing German troops
�������ӵ��µ¹�����

497
00:38:50,727 --> 00:38:56,394
Stalin orders the parade commemorating the anniversary of the revolution to be held as usual
˹������������������յ������ճ�����

498
00:38:56,527 --> 00:38:58,461
��1941��11��7�ա�

499
00:39:02,661 --> 00:39:05,461
To galvanize his troops Stalin makes his speech
˹���ַ�����˵��������

500
00:39:05,594 --> 00:39:08,594
invokes the forbidden images in the past
���ᵽ��ȥ����̸ֹ�۵�����

501
00:39:08,727 --> 00:39:12,594
the great soldiers on the time of Tsar.
ɳ��ʱ����ΰ�����

502
00:39:15,194 --> 00:39:17,727
"Be worthy of your glorious ancestors "
�����ù��ٵ��������ߡ�

503
00:39:17,861 --> 00:39:20,661
"Alexander Nevsky"
������ɽ������˹����

504
00:39:20,794 --> 00:39:23,527
"Dmitry Pozharskyy"
���������ﲨ����˹����

505
00:39:23,661 --> 00:39:25,727
"Alexander Suvorov"
������ɽ���������

506
00:39:25,861 --> 00:39:28,727
"Mikhail Kutuzov"
���׿�����ͼ����

507
00:39:30,127 --> 00:39:34,794
Stalin has organized Moscow's defense in conjunction with one of his most brilliant genernals
˹���ֺ�������������Ľ���һͬ�߻�Ī˹�Ƶķ����ƻ�

508
00:39:34,927 --> 00:39:38,727
a tank's specialist considered to be the Russian equivalent of Guderian
��λ̹��ר�ұ���Ϊ�������Ĺŵ��ﰲ

509
00:39:38,794 --> 00:39:42,194
45-year-old Genernal Zhukov.
������45�����ɷ򽫾�

510
00:39:43,927 --> 00:39:45,861
Lucky is on Zhukov's side.
����Ů������ɷ�

511
00:39:45,994 --> 00:39:48,261
Sorge, the Soviet spy, has discovered
���������������

512
00:39:48,327 --> 00:39:53,527
that the Japan, though it is ally, has decided not to attack Russia
ϣ���յ������ձ���������������

513
00:39:53,661 --> 00:39:57,261
because its primary enemy is the United States.
��Ϊ�ձ���ͷ�ŵ���������

514
00:39:57,327 --> 00:40:01,927
This enable Zhukov to reduce the number of troops in far east.
��ɷ�����ܼ���פ����Զ�������Ĳ�������

515
00:40:02,061 --> 00:40:05,327
He brings over several the Siberia divisions.
�����������ǵ����ü�ʦʿ��

516
00:40:05,461 --> 00:40:07,794
They are well equipped.
����ӵ�����Ƶ�װ��

517
00:40:07,927 --> 00:40:10,061
Siberias are not afraid of cold.
���������˲�����

518
00:40:10,127 --> 00:40:14,261
They are rugged outdoors men who are used to using their wits.
��Щ���ڻ�����ǿ׳���˳����û���

519
00:40:14,394 --> 00:40:17,794
They've brought skies and their reindeers with them
���Ǵ�����ѩ���ѱ¹

520
00:40:17,861 --> 00:40:22,061
and now they are going hunting for Germans.
��������Ҫȥ�Ե¹���

521
00:40:22,127 --> 00:40:25,394
Zhukov wants to trap the Wehrmacht in a pincers movement.
��ɷ�������й��¹�½��

522
00:40:30,927 --> 00:40:33,994
��1941��12��5�ա�

523
00:41:37,461 --> 00:41:41,994
Some 30 thousand Germans are killed or missing.
Լ��3�����¹���������ʧ��

524
00:41:47,327 --> 00:41:50,127
Thousands are sent off to Siberia.
����ǧ�˱��͵���������

525
00:41:51,127 --> 00:41:54,261
Their struggle with the cold is far from over.
���ǻ����뺮��Կ�����

526
00:41:54,327 --> 00:41:59,661
Less than one in three will return home almost 15 years later.
����ֻ�в���1/3�������ڽ�15��󷵼�

527
00:42:04,861 --> 00:42:07,194
August Von Kaganick is severely wounded
�¹�˹�ؿ��������ξ������

528
00:42:07,327 --> 00:42:09,727
and evacuated back to Germany.
������ͻص¹�

529
00:42:09,861 --> 00:42:11,327
He writes
��д��

530
00:42:11,394 --> 00:42:14,316
"Faith disappears. Doubt becomes obsessive."
����ҿ�ʼʧȥ���Ĳ�ǿ�Ҵ��ɡ�

531
00:42:14,449 --> 00:42:18,449
"Death becomes your best friend, men's only friend."
�������������Ψһ��õ����ѡ�

532
00:42:18,583 --> 00:42:22,116
"Because it will deliver you from your suffering."
����Ϊ�����ɰ������ʹ���н��ѡ�

533
00:42:23,383 --> 00:42:26,116
The suffering of the Russians is not over either.
�����˵�ʹ��Ҳ��δ����

534
00:42:26,249 --> 00:42:27,916
Their country has been ravaged.
���ǵĹ����ѱ��ƻ�����

535
00:42:28,049 --> 00:42:29,316
Moscow has been saved
Ī˹������

536
00:42:29,383 --> 00:42:33,049
but millions of people have been killed or taken prisoner
�������������������򱻷�²

537
00:42:33,183 --> 00:42:36,649
and danger is still there.
��Σ����Ȼ����

538
00:42:57,183 --> 00:43:00,383
The Wehrmacht has been pushed back two hundred kilometers.
�¾����ȳ������ٹ���

539
00:43:01,849 --> 00:43:06,183
Hitler orders his army to defense that new line at all costs.
ϣ���������ľ��Ӳ���һ�д�����ס��ս��

540
00:43:06,249 --> 00:43:08,449
He dismisses 35 genernals
����35��������ְ

541
00:43:08,583 --> 00:43:10,116
including Guderian
����Ҳ�����ŵ��ﰲ

542
00:43:10,249 --> 00:43:13,983
and takes personal charge of the Wehrmacht.
Ȼ�������ƹ�½��

543
00:43:20,783 --> 00:43:23,983
He will succeeded in reestablishing his army's position
���ɹ����½������ھ����еĵ�λ

544
00:43:24,049 --> 00:43:27,383
reequiping his troops and ploting his revenge.
�·ַ�װ�������Ĳ��Ӳ��߻�����ƻ�

545
00:43:27,516 --> 00:43:31,516
The Wehrmacht remains firmly planted in Russia.
�¾�����������ס��

546
00:43:35,116 --> 00:43:40,783
Hitler returns to his dogs back in his shelly in bavaria.
ϣ���ջ���λ�ڰͷ����ǵ�С��ȥ�����Ĺ�

547
00:43:40,849 --> 00:43:42,983
In his opinions the defeat before Moscow
����Ϊ�¾�����Ī˹��ǰ�ܴ�

548
00:43:43,049 --> 00:43:46,516
was the fault of his genernals and his diplomats
�������½������⽻�ٵĴ�

549
00:43:46,583 --> 00:43:51,449
Were they the ones who claim that the France and Britain wouldn't go to war for Poland
������˵������Ӣ������Ϊ�˲�������ս��

550
00:43:51,516 --> 00:43:54,183
and of the ???? the German intelligence service
�¹��鱨��λ�����鱨��Ҳ�д�

551
00:43:54,316 --> 00:43:58,516
the missing inform to him about the state of Russian army.
�������������ӵ�״��

552
00:43:58,649 --> 00:44:00,183
Hitler adds
ϣ���ջ�˵

553
00:44:00,316 --> 00:44:02,249
"The Bolshevik army is made up of peasants"
������ʲά�˵ľ�������ũ����ɡ�

554
00:44:02,316 --> 00:44:04,516
"who fight with barbarian unconsciousness"
������ֻ��Ұ������֪������ս��

555
00:44:04,583 --> 00:44:09,849
"and workers trained by fanatical mysticism and communism."
�����⻹�б��������صĹ�������ϴ�Ե��ˡ�

556
00:44:11,383 --> 00:44:14,383
But Hitler believes in his luck star.
��ϣ����������������֮��

557
00:44:14,516 --> 00:44:17,116
He will prevail.
���ܻ�ʤ

558
00:44:20,783 --> 00:44:24,116
He can enjoy himself in the company of his sick fans
���ɿ��ֵ�����������ʿ�����

559
00:44:25,449 --> 00:44:29,516
Here, Bowman's mistress introduces to him a German movie star
�������鸾�������������ʶһλ�¹�����

560
00:44:29,649 --> 00:44:32,983
the actress Magda Schneider
Ů��Ա����ѩ����

561
00:44:42,716 --> 00:44:48,316
not far away her daughter, Rome Schneider, plays with Bowman's children.
��Ů������ѩ�����ڲ�Զ���������ĺ�����

562
00:44:49,583 --> 00:44:52,183
Life in Germany is still carefree.
�ڵ¹���������Ȼ����������

563
00:44:52,249 --> 00:44:54,916
The massive bombings are not yet began
���ģ��ը�ж���δ��ʼ

564
00:44:54,983 --> 00:44:59,116
and those who sacrifice their lives in Moscow also far away
��Щ��Ī˹��������������������ʮ��ңԶ

565
00:44:59,249 --> 00:45:01,849
deep in the snow.
�����������ѩ����

566
00:45:04,116 --> 00:45:06,849
Two days after Hitler's first major defeat
��ϣ�����׶������ش��ܵ������

567
00:45:06,916 --> 00:45:12,983
his ally, Japan, launches a surprise attack on the United State's big naval base in the Pacific.
���������ձ�ͻϮ����λ�ڴ�ƽ��ĺ�������

568
00:45:13,116 --> 00:45:15,716
Peral Harbor
����ۡ�1941��12��7�ա�

569
00:45:15,783 --> 00:45:18,249
And with this wave of Japanese planes
���ձ��ɻ�һ�����Ĺ�����

570
00:45:18,383 --> 00:45:22,383
the war becomes a world war.
�ⳡս����������ս

571
00:45:28,249 --> 00:45:31,049
In London, Rose dances.
���׶ص���˿������

572
00:45:31,116 --> 00:45:33,783
She is already dreaming of Christmas.
������������ι�ʥ����

573
00:45:33,916 --> 00:45:35,516
She hears her parents say
����������ĸ˵

574
00:45:35,649 --> 00:45:38,849
"Now the Americans will fight on our side "
����Щ�����˻������ǲ�����ս��

575
00:45:38,983 --> 00:45:40,983
"The Russians are on our side."
�������˻������ǲ�����ս��

576
00:45:41,116 --> 00:45:44,783
"We British are no longer alone in this any more."
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