WHEN DID IT ALL BEGIN?
IT IS SAID, "WHEN IMANA CREATED THIS LAND,
HE GREW SO FOND OF IT, HE RETURNED EVERY NIGHT TO REST.
WHEN DID PARADISE BECOME HELL?
FROM THE START, EVEN THE CONQUEST
WAS A REGRETTABLE MISUNDERSTANDING.
EUROPE GAVE THE LAND TO ITS CONQUEROR,
AND THE KING KNEW NOTHING OF IT.
IT WAS NEVER ABOUT CIVILIZATION,
NEVER ABOUT TRIBE OR RACE.
IT WAS ALWAYS ABOUT GREED,
ARROGANCE AND POWER.
AND WHEN WE FINALLY GRASPED THE HORROR,
IT WAS TOO LATE.
From Kibuye in the west
to Kibungo in the east,
people gathered seeking refuge
in churches by the thousands,
in hospitals and schools.
And when they were found,
the old and the sick, women and children alike,
they were killed.
Killed because their identity card said they were Tutsi.
Or because they had a Tutsi parent.
Or because someone thought they looked like a Tutsi.
Or slain like thousands of Hutus
because they protected Tutsis
or would not countenance a policy
that sought to wipe out people
who just the day before,
and for years before, had been their friends and neighbors.
It is important that the world know
that these killings were not spontaneous or accidental.
It is not an African phenomenon
and must never be viewed as such.
We have seen it in industrialized Europe.
We have seen it in Asia.
We must have global vigilance
and never again must we be shy
in the face of the evidence.
OKAY, I'M SURE SOME OF YOU HAVE QUESTIONS.
YES, VENANCIA?
MR. AUGUSTIN, WEREN'T YOU IN THE ARMY BEFORE THE GENOCIDE?
COULD IT HAVE BEEN STOPPED, ALL THE DYING?
THAT'S THE PAST. THOSE BAD THINGS ARE IN THE PAST.
MAYBE IF SOME OF US WERE MORE COURAGEOUS.
MAYBE IF THE WORLD HAD PAID MORE ATTENTION.
I DON'T KNOW.
YES, ALBERT?
WHAT KIND OF SOLDIER WERE YOU?
A VERY BAD ONE.
I'M SORRY, VENANCIA.
I DIDN'T ANSWER YOUR QUESTION.
I DON'T KNOW WHAT ELSE WE COULD HAVE DONE.
OKAY.
YES, IT'S APRIL AGAIN.
EVERY YEAR IN APRIL THE RAINY SEASON STARTS.
AND EVERY YEAR, EVERY DAY IN APRIL,
A HAUNTING EMPTINESS DESCENDS OVER OUR HEARTS.
EVERY YEAR IN APRIL
I REMEMBER HOW QUICKLY LIFE ENDS.
EVERY YEAR I REMEMBER HOW LUCKY
I SHOULD FEEL TO BE ALIVE.
EVERY YEAR IN APRIL,
I REMEMBER.
"MY DEAR BROTHER,
THE RAINS ARE HERE.
IT IS APRIL AGAIN.
HOW MANY YEARS SINCE WE HAVE SPOKEN?
FROM MY PRISON, I AM WRITING YOU THIS LONG DUE LETTER.
I DON'T EXPECT PITY OR LOVE.
I KNOW THAT DESPITE ALL THE GRIEF IN YOUR LIFE,
YOU HAVE FOUND SOMETHING TO LIVE FOR.
IT WAS NOT SUPPOSED TO HAPPEN THIS WAY...
THE WAR, THE KILLINGS.
WHEN I FINALLY REALIZED THAT I WAS AN ACTOR IN THIS TRAGEDY,
I CHOSE NOT TO LIVE WITH THAT.
I THOUGHT MY DEATH WOULD BRING ME PEACE.
I WAS WRONG.
ONLY THE TRUTH CAN EASE MY GUILT.
DEAR AUGUSTIN,
I MUST TELL YOU WHAT HAPPENED TO JEANNE AND THE CHILDREN.
COME TO TANZANIA.
DON'T WRITE ME BACK. JUST COME.
YOUR BROTHER, HONORE."
AUGUSTIN, YOU SHOULD GO.
NO.
IT'S OVER.
WHAT'S THE POINT?
- HE'S YOUR BROTHER. - HE'S NOTHING TO ME.
I JUST WANT TO TAKE CARE OF YOU.
- OH, REALLY? - YES.
SO, WHERE IS MY WEDDING RING?
OH!
SO THAT'S IT, HUH?
I SEE YOU STILL HAVE YOURS.
YOU KNOW I CAN'T.
JEANNE IS...
WHAT?
STOP.
YOU STILL CAN'T SAY IT, CAN YOU?
YOU MUST GO.
NOT JUST FOR HONORE,
BUT FOR YOU.
MR. BUTERA, YOU WERE ARRESTED
IN MAY, 1997 FOR THE CRIME
OF INCITING VIOLENCE WITH YOUR RADIO PROGRAM.
AT THE TIME, YOU ENTERED A NOT-GUILTY PLEA.
TODAY YOU WISH TO CHANGE THAT PLEA?
YES.
I NOW RECOGNIZE THAT THE RADIO PROGRAMS
I DID FOR RTLM WERE CRIMINAL
AND THAT MANY PEOPLE WERE KILLED FOR IT.
YOU WERE NOT AWARE OF WHAT YOU WERE DOING IN APRIL, 1994?
NO, NOT AT THAT TIME.
COULD YOU EXPLAIN TO THIS TRIBUNAL
THE REASON FOR YOUR TURNABOUT?
I HAVE HAD A LOT OF TIME
TO THINK ABOUT MY GUILT HERE IN PRISON
SURROUNDED BY OTHER RWANDANS
ACCUSED OF THE SAME CRIME.
I WAS UNDER A LOT OF PRESSURE.
PRESSURE FROM YOUR CO-DETAINEES?
YES. PRESSURE TO KEEP SILENT.
COULD YOU IDENTIFY THESE INDIVIDUALS FOR US?
I PREFER NOT TO. IT'S NOT IMPORTANT ANYMORE.
WHAT I WANT TO SAY IS THAT IT TOOK TIME
FOR ME TO REALIZE THAT WHAT I HAVE BEEN ACCUSED OF
MAY HAVE BEEN TRUE AND THAT WHAT I HAVE PARTICIPATED IN
WAS GENOCIDE.
SO YOU CAME TO ACCEPT THE FACT OF YOUR GUILT?
YES, I BECAME AWARE I WAS GUILTY.
BUT IT TOOK YOU TWO YEARS TO FINALLY ADMIT THIS GUILT.
- IS THIS CORRECT? - YES,
THAT IS CORRECT.
WE'LL HAVE TO MAKE SURE THAT...
WE WILL STOP NOW
AND RESUME AT 9:30 A.M. ON MONDAY MORNING.
I REMIND THE DEFENDANT
THAT HE IS UNDER A SOLEMN OATH OF SILENCE.
DO NOT DISCUSS YOUR EVIDENCE WITH ANYONE.
- I WANT TO RETURN BEFORE WE GO ON...
KIGALI, ARE YOU IN THE HOUSE?
COME ON, LET ME HEAR IT!
AND NOW, OUR STAR SPEAKER IS HERE.
COMING TO YOU LIVE IS MR. HONORE BUTERA,
HERE TO GIVE US ANOTHER OF HIS POPULAR HISTORICAL REVIEWS.
EXCLUSIVELY FOR RADIO MILLE COLLINES.
BEFORE I PASS THE MIC PEOPLE, REMEMBER,
- A COCKROACH CANNOT GIVE BIRTH... - HEY.
TO A BUTTERFLY.
A COCKROACH WILL ALWAYS GIVE BIRTH TO COCKROACHES 162Habyarimana
BE VIGILANT.
THEY'RE AMONG US, THOSE INYENZI.
THE DEVILS. OYE, OYE.
YEGO, YEGO, YEGO.
AS ALWAYS, SPEAKING THE TRUTH.
OYE, OYE, OYE.
NOW, MY DEAR LISTENERS...
YESTERDAY, WE SPOKE ABOUT HOW THE BAZUNGU,
THE GERMAN AND BELGIAN COLONISTS,
CHOSE THE TUTSI INVADERS AS PROXIES FOR THEIR DIRTY JOBS.
FORCED LABOR,
RAISING OF HEAVY TAXES ON THOSE POOR PEASANTS
AND THE WHIPPING.
We Hutu, will we ever forget the whipping?
Will we, my dear listeners?
I think not, for these scars will never heal.
But the days when a Tutsi King Umwami
is imposed upon Hutus is passed.
For we have sworn never to let them rule over us again.
- Never.
Stay tuned, my dear listeners
for some more music from Radio Sympa,
Power 106FM, RTLM, Kigali.
HEY, NOT LIKE THAT.
CIVIL FORCES MY FOOT, EH?
IF THE R.P.F. COME FROM THE HILLS,
THEY'RE GOING TO KILL THESE GUYS. HEY!
I DON'T BELIEVE WE ARE TRAINING
THESE INTERAHAMWE TO FIGHT REBELS.
I HAVE HEARD RUMORS.
THERE ARE ASSASSINATIONS,
SMALL MASSACRES HERE AND THERE IN THE PROVINCES.
THINGS ARE ACCELERATING.
THAT'S ALL THEY ARE...
RUMORS.
YOU THINK THIS IS A REHEARSAL?
THESE OFFICIALS ARE HERE FOR THE DAMNED SHOW, MAN.
HEY, NOT WITH A MACHETE!
GIVE ME THIS.
THAT'S IT FOR TODAY, CAPTAIN.
VALIANT MEMBERS OF THE CIVIL DEFENSE FORCE,
GIVE ME YOUR WEAPONS. SOLDIER!
CAPTAIN MUGANZA,
GIVE THESE TO THE CHIEF FOR ME.
- WHICH CHIEF? - COLONEL BAGOSORA.
- WHAT IS IT? - LISTS.
THESE ARE EXECUTION LISTS.
IT'S NAMES AND ADDRESSES.
TRAITORS. THAT'S WHAT HE CALLED THEM.
THERE ARE LISTS COMING FROM ALL DISTRICTS.
IT'S TUTSIS.
BUT IT'S ALSO HUTUS.
THERE ARE DOCTORS ON THAT LIST,
PROFESSORS ON THAT LIST.
ANYBODY THAT MIGHT NOT BOW DOWN
TO HUTU POWER IS ON THAT LIST!
TEACHERS, TEACHERS ARE REGISTERING
THEIR STUDENTS BY ETHNICITY.
WHAT ARE YOU TWO PLOTTING?
NOTHING. XAVIER WAS JUST LEAVING.
COME ON, HAVE A BEER WITH US.
- THE SOCCER MATCH IS ON. - I CAN'T.
I HAVE AN APPOINTMENT.
TAKE CARE OF YOURSELF.
BYE, JEANNE.
- PLEASE TELL FELICIE TO COME TO VISIT US. SIBYO? - YEAH.
AUGUSTIN, WHAT'S GOING ON?
MOM.
HELLO.
- MOM! - HMM?
YVES-ANDRE WAS SAYING BAD WORDS AGAIN.
IT'S NOT TRUE, MOM, I SWEAR. I WAS JUST TELLING HIM A JOKE.
HE'S LYING. HE SAID FUCK.
MARCUS, PLEASE. I HEAR THAT ALL DAY.
IT'S HAPPENING, ISN'T IT?
I KNEW I SHOULDN'T HAVE LISTENED TO YOU.
WE SHOULD HAVE GONE A LONG TIME AGO TO KENYA OR SENEGAL.
I DON'T KNOW, BUT...
I'M IN THE MILITARY.
THIS IS OUR HOME.
SURE, BUT TELL ME
HOW CAN I CALL THIS HOME
WHEN I'M LIVING IN CONSTANT FEAR, AUGUSTIN?
I LOST ALREADY MOST OF MY FAMILY IN '92.
- IT'S ONLY US NOW. - I CAN'T JUST GET UP AND RUN!
- ABANDON EVERYTHING, WHAT? - WE SHOULD HAVE BROUGHT ANNE-MARIE BACK SOONER.
ANNE-MARIE IS SAFER IN THE COUNTRYSIDE THAN HERE.
COME ON, WAKE UP!
NOBODY'S SAFE IN THIS COUNTRY.
YOU HAVE SEEN THE BAHUTU TEN COMMANDMENTS?
SOMEBODY PUT IT ON MY DESK
TODAY AT THE HOSPITAL.
THEY EVEN UNDERLINED NUMBER SEVEN.
"THE RWANDESE ARMED FORCES
SHOULD BE EXCLUSIVELY HUTU.
NO MEMBER OF MILITARY
SHALL MARRY A TUTSI."
JEANNE.
NOW I'M TALKING ABOUT OUR CHILDREN'S LIVES.
IF ANYTHING HAPPENS, THEY WILL LET US ALL DIE.
OKAY, JEANNE.
JUST LET ME FIGURE SOMETHING OUT.
FOR NOW, WHY DON'T YOU CALL ANNE-MARIE AND TELL HER TO GET READY?
- UNCLE! - HEY, MARCUS!
THIS IS YOUR BROTHER. I'M SORRY. I'M NOT IN THE MOOD FOR IT TODAY.
AUGUSTIN, IT'S A SMALL COUNTRY AND PEOPLE TALK.
SO NOW YOU THINK I HAVE JOINED THE REBELS?
OF COURSE NOT. BUT YOU MUST HAVE SAID OR DONE SOMETHING.
I AM DOING WHAT I HAVE ALWAYS DONE.
THAT MAY NOT BE ENOUGH. YOU NEED TO BE ON THE RIGHT SIDE.
AND WHAT SIDE IS THAT?!
HSST!
"HUTU POWER OVER ALL"?
YOUR PEOPLE WILL DRAG THIS COUNTRY OVER THE EDGE.
SO YOU THINK THE ARUSHA AGREEMENTS WILL SOLVE ALL OUR PROBLEMS.
- IS THAT WHAT YOU'RE SAYING? - IF THE ARUSHA AGREEMENTS GO INTO EFFECT
I WILL PROBABLY LOSE MY JOB TO A TUTSI. SO EITHER WAY I AM SCREWED.
THAT IS WHY WE ARE AGAINST THE AGREEMENT.
SO THAT HARD-WORKING HUTUS LIKE YOURSELF
DO NOT HAVE TO STAND ASIDE FOR ANYBODY.
NO, FOR YOU IT'S ABOUT POWER! GAINING POWER.
AUGUSTIN,
THE AGREEMENTS ARE DEAD.
THE PRESIDENT HAS MADE TOO MANY CONCESSIONS UNDER FOREIGN PRESSURE.
IF YOU REALLY WANT TO KNOW, MY DEAR BROTHER,
- THIS IS A FATAL MISTAKE. - HONORE...
ARE YOU TALKING ABOUT A COUP?
AUGUSTIN, THIS IS WAR.
LISTEN, LITTLE BROTHER.
EVEN WARS HAVE RULES.
WE CANNOT JUSTIFY THE SLAUGHTERING OF INNOCENT PEOPLE.
YOUR EXTREMIST FRIENDS WILL DRAG THIS COUNTRY INTO HELL.
THANKS TO THE SUPPORT OF OUR FRENCH FRIENDS,
WE HAVE KALASHNIKOVS FROM ALBANIA,
ISRAEL UZIS,
CZECH GRENADES,
M-16 RIFLES FROM THE U.S.A.,
GUNS AND AMMO FROM EGYPT.
CAPTAIN MUGANZA, GIVE ME A HAND, PLEASE.
- MACHETES? - MACHETES, CAPTAIN.
FROM CHINA.
YOU HAVE A PROBLEM WITH THAT?
- IT'S NOT ON OUR MANIFEST. - SO WHAT?
THEY'RE HERE AND WE HAVE PLENTY OF FARMERS OUT THERE
WHO NEED TO GO TO WORK.
OUR PEOPLE NEED TO GO TO WORK.
CAPTAIN...
MON COLONEL.
OUR PRESIDENT HAS BECOME SOFT
PLAYING THE GAME OF THE INYENZI!
THE AGREEMENTS WILL BE OUR DEATH!
THEY CALL US HUTU POWER, EXTREMISTS
BECAUSE WE WON'T ACCEPT THEIR DICTATES?
SO BE IT! POWER!
Tension is mounting in Rwanda despite the presence...
There are signs that the ceasefire
between the existing Hutu government of Rwanda
and the mostly Tutsi rebel forces
of the Rwandan Patriotic Front, or R.P.F., is about to fail.
Special envoy, Assistant Secretary of State
Prudence Bushnell, traveled to Rwanda two weeks ago
in a last effort to bring President Habyarimana
to implement the agreements. an agreement they say,
gives too much power to the Tutsis and the R.P.F.
This may also well be the last chance for peace.
AND SO...
BEDTIME.
ALL RIGHT, COME ON, BOYS, LIGHTS OUT.
MOM?
WHY DO THEY CALL US COCKROACHES?
'CAUSE THEY DON'T KNOW ANY BETTER, SWEETHEART.
DAD, WHAT ARE WE?
- HUTU OR TUTSI? - DON'T YOU KNOW ANYTHING?
PAPA'S A HUTU. MOM'S A TUTSI.
IT'S OKAY, YVES-ANDRE. HE CAN ASK.
I AM A HUTU,
SO YOU ARE A HUTU.
IN OUR TRADITION, THE FATHER'S ORIGIN DECIDES.
SO WHEN I GROW UP,
MY I.D. CARD WILL SAY HUTU?
YES, BUT ONE DAY,
I HOPE IT WILL JUST SAY RWANDAN.
OKAY, BEDTIME.
- GOOD NIGHT. - GOOD NIGHT.
SWEET DREAMS.
I CAN'T SEE ANYTHING.
AUGUSTIN.
THEY'VE JUST ANNOUNCED THAT THE PRESIDENT'S PLANE WAS SHOT DOWN.
PACK A FEW THINGS FOR THE KIDS.
WE HAVE TO LEAVE KIGALI TONIGHT.
We ask all Rwandese people
not to sucmb to this terrible tragedy.
We ask the armed forces to stay vigilant
- and ensure security for all.
AUGUSTIN,
I CAN'T GET ANNE-MARIE ON THE PHONE.
KEEP TRYING.
- WHO'S THERE? - IT'S ME, XAVIER.
AUGUSTIN, IT'S TERRIBLE.
THEY'RE SHOOTING EVERYBODY. THERE'S DEAD PEOPLE IN THE STREET.
- FELICIE AND I WERE PICKING UP SOME FOOD
FROM LANDO'S RESTAURANT WHEN WE HEARD THE EXPLOSION.
THEY ARE GOING HOUSE BY HOUSE PULLING PEOPLE OUT.
- AUGUSTIN, LET'S GO. - NO. THERE ARE ROADBLOCKS ALL OVER.
- WE LEAVE, WE WALK INTO THE MOUTH OF THE LION. - WHERE DO YOU THINK WE ARE?
WE CAN'T GET TRAPPED IN KIGALI!
AT LEAST THE U.N. IS HERE. MAYBE...
- WE'RE SITTING IN THE MIDDLE. - OKAY, GO! GO.
MR. VILBUR, MY WIFE AND CHILDREN
WOULD FEEL SO MUCH SAFER IN YOUR HOUSE.
I WOULD BE RISKING THE LIVES OF MY OWN FAMILY.
- I MUST ASK YOU TO LEAVE. - MR. VILBUR, PLEASE.
JUST ONE NIGHT.
NO.
AT LEAST...
AT LEAST TAKE THE WOMEN AND THE CHILDREN.
JUST THE WOMEN AND CHILDREN.
ONE NIGHT.
THIS IS ALL YOU HAVE?
HELLO?
YES, YOU MUST HELP ME.
IT'S THE FIFTH TIME I'VE CALLED.
I MUST REACH ANNE-MARIE.
YES, I'M HER FATHER.
THEN CAN I SPEAK TO THE HEAD PRIEST?
Sorry, I can't help you.
THEY HUNG UP.
Kurt Cobain's body was found inside a garage apartment
adjacent to his Seattle home,
dead of an apparently self-inflicted shotgun wound.
...gave back to back homeruns in the 6th inning
to turn a one-run deficit into a one-run lead.
...Wednesday's sharp gains.
Dow Jones Industrial average closed up...
- LIONEL, THANKS FOR COMING. I'M SORRY. - SURE.
WHAT ARE YOU GETTING THROUGH YOUR CHANNELS? OUR INTEL IS PRACTICALLY NIL.
WE DON'T HAVE ANYTHING EITHER. IT'S NIGHT OVER THERE,
SO NO ONE KNOWS WHAT'S REALLY GOING ON.
ALL WE KNOW FOR SURE IS THAT A PLANE WAS SHOT DOWN
AND THE PRESIDENT OF RWANDA IS DEAD.
SO IS THE PRESIDENT OF BURUNDI WHO WAS ALONG FOR THE RIDE.
WHAT'S YOUR BEST GUESS AS TO WHO SHOT THE PLANE DOWN?
COULD BE ANYBODY, REALLY. REBELS, HUTU EXTREMISTS, FRENCH MERCENARIES.
BUT THE PRESIDENTIAL GUARD WON'T LET ANYBODY NEAR THE CRASH SITE.
WELL, THEY'RE PROBABLY THE ONES WHO SHOT IT.
This is NBC Nightly News
reported by Brian Williams.
Good evening. Fighting is going on tonight
in the small African nation of Rwanda,
and there is growing concern
about getting the Americans and other foreigners there out...
Killings and looting have been reported
following a suspicious plane crash...
...government ministers opposed to the late president have been kidnapped.
...that both the United Nations and the press keep well away from their war.
Which leaves the U.N. in an impossible position.
WE ARE TAKING OVER THE PRIME MINISTER'S SECURITY.
- FIVE MEN DOWN! - WE WILL ESCORT YOU BACK TO U.N. HEADQUARTERS.
OUT OF THE QUESTION. I NEED TO TALK TO THE COMMANDING OFFICER.
I AM THE COMMANDING OFFICER! PUT DOWN YOUR GUNS OR WE FINISH YOU.
WE'VE GOT FIVE MEN DOWN. I REPEAT, FIVE MEN DOWN.
WE DON'T KNOW WHERE THEY'RE GOING TO TAKE US.
WE NEED REINFORCEMENTS NOW!
AM I CLEAR ENOUGH?
YOU DON'T UNDERSTAND? WE'RE GONNA BE LYNCHED!
OVER!
WE KNOW THE PRIME MINISTER IS HERE!
HERE I AM.
COME WITH US, MADAME.
TAKE ME TO YOUR COMMANDING OFFICER.
BUT PLEASE, LEAVE MY CHILDREN IN PEACE.
CUT THE BULLSHIT!
IT'S HERE, I'M TELLING YOU #82.
WHO IS IT?
- CAPTAIN MUGANZA? - WHO WANTS TO KNOW?
GOOD MORNING, CAPTAIN. WE'RE SECURING THE NEIGHBORHOOD.
- THIS NEIGHBORHOOD IS SECURE. - OF COURSE.
WOULD YOU OPEN THE GATE? IF YOU WOULD JUST SHOW US YOUR I.D. CARD
AND THE CARDS OF EVERYONE IN THE HOUSE, WE WILL BE ON OUR WAY.
I JUST HAVE MY SERVICE PASS.
THIS WON'T DO, CAPTAIN.
WE NEED TO SEE YOUR NATIONAL I.D. CARD.
- WELL, LET ME JUST GO IN THE HOUSE... - WAIT.
SEARCH THE HOUSE.
LISTEN, MUGANZA.
YOU'RE FROM GITARAMA?
MY FATHER WAS A BUSINESSMAN.
- A HUTU BUSINESSMAN. - I KNOW.
I WENT TO SCHOOL WITH YOUR COUSIN FRANCOIS.
AND I ALSO KNOW
YOU MARRIED A TUTSI WOMAN.
YOU CAN KEEP PLAYING A DIRTY LITTLE GAME FOR A LITTLE WHILE LONGER.
BUT IF I COME BACK
AND YOU'RE STILL HERE,
I'LL HAVE NO CHOICE.
LET'S GO.
CHECK THE LIST AGAIN.
THIS WAY.
ANNE-MARIE?
ANNE-MARIE, CAN YOU HEAR ME?
YES, HOW ARE YOU, PAPA?
I AM FINE.
- AND MAMA? - SHE'S, UM, AT THE NEIGHBORS
with your brothers.
I'M SCARED.
WE CAN HEAR THE GUNS.
NO, NO, NO, NO, NO. YOU ARE SAFE THERE.
YOU ARE IN A CATHOLIC SCHOOL.
Nobody can go in there.
PAPA, I HAVE TO GO.
- THE OTHER GIRLS ARE WAITING FOR THE PHONE. - OKAY, OKAY.
YOU KNOW I LOVE YOU.
I LOVE YOU TOO, PAPA.
- Bye. - BYE BYE.
GIRLS.
YOU MUST CALM DOWN.
PLEASE, ALL OF YOU, GO TO YOUR DORMITORY.
I NEED ALL OF YOU TO GO TO YOUR DORMITORIES NOW.
PLEASE, QUICKLY.
- MARTINE... - QUICKLY.
- I NEED TO SPEAK WITH YOU. - I'M SORRY, FATHER.
WE HAVE A SCHOOL FULL OF TERRIFIED GIRLS.
MARTINE.
THIS IS A VERY DIFFICULT SITUATION,
BUT WE MUST DO OUR DUTY.
WE CANNOT HARBOR REBELS.
- WE'LL HAVE TO HAND THEM OVER. - FATHER!
THESE ARE NOT REBELS.
THESE ARE GIRLS. GIRLS YOU HAVE BROUGHT UP AS YOUR OWN DAUGHTERS.
- NOW YOU WOULD PUT THEM OUT? - WHAT CAN I DO, MY CHILD?
WE CANNOT PROTECT ALL OF THEM.
I DO NOT HAVE THE POWER TO CHANGE THIS SITUATION.
WE MUST PRAY.
WE DO NOT WANT ANOTHER MOGADISHU.
WE DON'T WANT OUR BOYS DRAGGED NAKED IN THE STREETS.
CONGRESS WON'T HAVE IT. THE PENTAGON WON'T HAVE IT.
- THE PRESIDENT WON'T... - SIR, WE'RE ONLY 48 HOURS INTO THIS
AND WE ALREADY HAVE REPORTS OF OVER 10,000 WOMEN AND CHILDREN ALREADY KILLED.
THEY'RE NOT JUST KILLING TUTSIS, THEY'RE TARGETING MODERATE HUTUS.
PRUDENCE, WHAT IS OUR VITAL INTEREST IN RWANDA?
IF THERE IS A CRISIS, IT COULD DESTABILIZE THE ENTIRE REGION.
MAY I?
I APPRECIATE THE HUMAN TRAGEDY.
HERE. IF THE KILLING IN RWANDA STARTS
THE BEST-CASE SCENARIO ESTIMATES 20,000 DEAD.
THE WORST-CASE SCENARIO COULD EXCEED 500,000.
IT'S JANUARY 25th, 1994 C.I.A. REPORT.
THAT'S JUST NINE WEEKS AGO, SIR.
I DON'T WANT TO TALK ABOUT ANY C.I.A. REPORT AGAIN.
SINCE THE CRASH OF THE PRESIDENT'S PLANE
THE SITUATION IN RWANDA HAS VERY QUICKLY BECOME UNSTABLE.
I JUST SPOKE WITH THE AMBASSADOR,
AND HE REPORTS THAT THE FIGHTING
IS LARGELY BETWEEN THE RWANDAN MILITARY FORCES
AND THE RWANDAN PATRIOTIC FRONT.
HAVE ANY AMERICANS BEEN HURT OR ARE THEY BEING TARGETED?
NO, AMERICANS ARE NOT BEING TARGETED AT THIS TIME.
AND CLEARLY, WE ARE VERY CONCERNED
WITH THE APPROXIMATELY 255 AMERICANS THAT ARE IN THE REGION.
WHAT ABOUT THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY? THE BELGIANS, THE FRENCH?
- HOW MANY COULD YOU GET OUT? - LET ME PUT THIS IN CONTEXT.
THERE IS FIGHTING AND THERE IS CHAOS.
THERE IS NO DATE. THERE'S NO TIME.
WE ARE LOOKING INTO ENSURING THE SAFETY OF ALL AMERICAN CITIZENS.
ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH THE PROTECTION
THE RWANDAN MILITARY IS GIVING TO THE U.S. CITIZENS?
AGAIN, THE RWANDAN MILITARY FORCES ARE IN THE MIDDLE OF FIREFIGHTS
WITH THE RWANDAN PATRIOTIC FRONT OR THE R.P.F.
IT IS NOT HIGH ON THEIR LIST OF PRIORITIES
TO TAKE CARE OF THE AMERICAN CITIZENS AT THIS POINT.
THE REBEL FORCES, ARE THEY "TUTU" OR "HUTSI"?
- HUTU AND TUTSI. - WHICH ONES ARE THE GOOD GUYS?
HELLO, IT'S ME.
AUGUSTIN.
CHRIST, I'VE BEEN TRYING TO CALL YOU.
THE LINES ARE JAMMED. I CAN'T GET THROUGH.
LISTEN, I NEED YOUR HELP. I AM STUCK HERE WITH XAVIER.
JEANNE AND THE KIDS ARE NEXT DOOR WITH THE BELGIAN GUY.
I need to get them out of the city.
YOU NEED TO WORRY ABOUT YOURSELF, BROTHER.
DO YOU KNOW THAT I FOUND YOUR NAME ON THE LIST
as a Tutsi sympathizer?
I buried it,
but it won't stay that way for long.
YOU SHOULD BE HAPPY. I'M SAVING YOUR NECK.
AND MY FAMILY?
I AM YOUR FAMILY.
Can't do no more. I warned you.
I KNOW. I KNOW. YOU WERE RIGHT.
DAMN RIGHT I WAS.
SO WHAT DO YOU WANT?
- TAKE CARE OF YOUR OWN TUTSIS, MAN. - HONORE...
LISTEN, I BEG YOU,
TAKE MY FAMILY... JEANNE...
JEANNE AND THE BOYS TO THE HOTEL MILLE COLLINES.
THEY WILL BE PROTECTED.
YOU CAN GET THROUGH THE ROADBLOCKS. PEOPLE KNOW YOU.
I DON'T LIKE IT. I DON'T TRUST HIM.
- WE'RE NOT EVEN SURE IF HE'S COMING. - HE'S MY BROTHER.
IF I CAN GET YOU AND THE BOYS
TO THE HOTEL MILLE COLLINES, YOU WILL BE SAFE.
AND ANNE-MARIE, WELL SHE WILL BE SAFE AT HER SCHOOL.
WE WILL ALL BE SAFE.
I DON'T KNOW WHAT ELSE WE CAN DO.
- WHERE ARE THEY? WE NEED TO LEAVE NOW. - BROTHER.
LISTEN, THE GUARDS ARE GETTING SERIOUSLY DRUNK AT THE ROADBLOCKS.
- WHO IS THIS? - FELICIE, XAVIER'S FIANCEE.
- YOU SAID WIFE AND CHILDREN. - SHE IS FAMILY.
OH, I PRESUME SHE'S A TUTSI, TOO.
COME ON, BOYS, GET IN THE CAR.
- I NEVER ASKED. - WHAT?
HONORE WON'T TAKE FELICIE.
- IF I'M A PROBLEM... - EVERYBODY GOES.
- LISTEN, AUGUSTIN... - FELICIE, GET IN THIS CAR.
YOU TOO, AUGUSTIN. LET'S GO.
HONEY, I'M STAYING.
- WHAT ARE YOU TALKING ABOUT? - I'M GOING TO JOIN YOU LATER.
- WE HAVE TO GO. - AUGUSTIN, GET IN THIS CAR.
I CAN'T.
AUGUSTIN, TELL HER.
JEANNE, LISTEN TO ME.
- I'M NOT GOING ANYWHERE WITHOUT... - LISTEN TO ME.
JEANNE, HIS NAME WAS ON A LIST.
- OH MY GOD. - JEANNE. JEANNE...
- JEANNE. - NO.
- JEANNE, JEANNE, JEANNE, JEANNE. - NO!
DON'T WORRY ABOUT ME.
AUGUSTIN, THEY NEED TO GO NOW.
- PLEASE, AUGUSTIN. - NO, NO, NO, YOU NEED TO GET BACK IN THE CAR.
- IF SOMETHING HAPPENS... - NO.
IT'S GOING TO BE FINE.
PAPA, WE DON'T WANT TO GO.
LOOK, GO BACK IN THE CAR, EH?
COME ON, DO IT. DO IT!
AUGUSTIN, WE NEED TO GO.
JEANNE.
YOU NEED TO GET IN THE CAR.
COME ON, BOYS. GET IN THE CAR.
I KNOW, I KNOW.
OKAY. GO.
OKAY.
PAPA WILL BE FINE, EH?
I'M A SOLDIER.
- WHAT ARE YOU DOING? - WE DON'T TEMPT THE DEVIL.
- I THOUGHT EVERYONE KNEW YOU. - I AM NOT ALONE.
- SHIT. - WHAT?
THAT WAS NOT THERE BEFORE.
HEY, STOP THE CAR.
YES.
I WORK FOR RADIO RTLM.
HEY!
YES?
OH, I'M SO SILLY. WE'RE JUST GOING
TO THE SUPERMARKET AND I LEFT THEM HOME.
WE WERE IN SUCH A HURRY WITH THE CHILDREN AND THE NEW CURFEW.
LISTEN, BROTHER, JUST GIVE US A BREAK?
WHAT'S GOING ON HERE?
EVERYBODY OUT.
LISTEN...
I AM A PARTY MEMBER.
I AM AUTHORIZED TO TAKE THIS WOMAN TO RUN SOME ERRANDS.
LISTEN, I... LET ME CALL COLONEL SENTORE.
HE CAN SORT THIS OUT, OKAY? CLEAR THIS UP.
- THIS IS NOT GOOD. - WHAT'S NOT GOOD, MOMMY?
NOTHING, I JUST WANT YOUR UNCLE TO HURRY UP.
HEY, AMAKURU.
THIS IS HONORE BUTERA.
I'M HERE AT THE ROADBLOCK ON RUE DE L'HOPITAL.
NO, SIR. THEY WON'T LET ME PASS.
YES, SIR.
THEY ARE MY FAMILY.
YES, SIR.
OF COURSE, SIR. YOU KNOW I WORK FOR THE PARTY.
OF COURSE. FOR THE CAUSE, ALWAYS.
HE WANTS TO TALK TO YOU.
YES, SIR? OKAY, SIR.
OKAY, LOCK THE DOORS!
OH MY GOD.
STAY DOWN!
STOP IT.
- NAME? - AUGUSTIN MUGANZA.
- NAME OF DETAINEE? - BUTERA.
HE'LL BE RIGHT WITH YOU.
- NO, I CAN'T. - I'M SORRY?
I THOUGHT THAT...
- NO, I CAN'T. - HE'S ON HIS WAY.
WHY DON'T YOU TELL HIM YOURSELF?
THE VISIT WOULD DO HIM GOOD.
NO.
PLEASE TELL HIM I HAD TO LEAVE ON EMERGENCY.
I'M SORRY.
DAMN.
YOU GET THAT THING TO WORK?
YEAH.
SO WHAT'S WRONG?
I SAW A MILITARY TRUCK HEADING TO THE FRENCH SCHOOL.
THEY MUST BE ROUNDING PEOPLE UP
FOR AN EVACUATION LIKE IN '92.
I MEAN...
IF WE CAN GET THERE, WE HAVE A CHANCE.
- THERE ARE TOO MANY ROADBLOCKS. - NO, IT'S NOT THAT FAR.
IT'S A MILLION MILES, AUGUSTIN.
I SAY WE JUST LAY LOW.
THIS...
THING CAN'T LAST FOREVER.
SHE SAID YOUR NAME ON THE RADIO.
YOU HEARD MY NAME ON THE RADIO?
LOOK, WE CAN GET THROUGH THE ROADBLOCKS.
THEY'RE NOT TRAINED SOLDIERS.
WE DON'T HAVE A CHOICE.
THE ROADBLOCK ON THE LEFT.
THEY SEEM DRUNKEST.
SHALL WE?
LET'S DO IT.
LET'S PUSH IT.
- SHOOT ME! - BACK OFF. YOU CANNOT GO!
SHOOT ME! I DON'T WANT TO DIE WITH THE MACHETE.
PLEASE, SHOOT ME WITH U.N. BULLET!
PLEASE! PLEASE!
WHY? WHY CAN'T WE GET IN THERE?
PLEASE TAKE THE CHILDREN WITH YOU.
WE HAVE... WE HAVE ORDERS!
TAKE THE CHILDREN WITH YOU!
PLEASE?!
XAVIER!
MOVE IT! MOVE!
GET IN THE CAR!
- OUT OF THE CAR. - WE'RE WITH THE CONVOY.
EVERYBY OUT! EVERYBODY OUT!
- SHOW ME YOUR PAPERS. - HEY, HEY, HEY...
WE ARE WITH THE CONVOY.
ASK THE OFFICER AND HE WILL TELL YOU.
MOVE THESE OBSTACLES AWAY. WE HAVE TO GO.
HEY LIEUTENANT!
S'IL VOUS PLAIT, LIEUTENANT.
HE DOESN'T BELIEVE I AM WITH YOU. WE ARE IN THE SAME CONVOY.
- WHAT DO YOU MEAN? - IS HE WITH YOU?
- THE SAME CONVOY! - SHUT UP...
AND LET THE WHITE MAN TALK.
- ARE THESE PEOPLE WITH YOU? - OUR CONVOY IS THE JEEPS AND THE TRUCKS.
I'M SORRY. I'VE ORDERS...
ONLY EXPATRIATES.
GO! GO! REMOVE THAT THING!
GO!
XAVIER MUYANGO?
WHO IS XAVIER MUYANGO?
I AM.
AREN'T YOU THE TRAITOR
XAVIER MUYANGO WE'VE HEARD ABOUT ON THE RADIO?
I DON'T KNOW WHAT YOU MEAN.
MOVE OVER WITH THAT GROUP.
EVERYBODY ELSE, GET OFF. GET OFF!
GET OVER, GET OVER!
WHAT'S WRONG WITH YOU, EH?
- MOVE OVER! FORGET SOMETHING? - I CAN SPEAK FOR THIS MAN!
HE IS LOYAL. HE IS A GOOD SOLDIER.
THE ARMY IS FILLED WITH TRAITORS.
THEN I WILL TAKE HIM TO THE HEADQUARTERS MYSELF.
- I'LL TAKE... - YOU WANT TO HELP?
YOU WANT TO HELP?
- GIVE HIM A MACHETE. - NO.
WE DON'T WASTE BULLETS ON COCKROACH TRAITORS.
AUGUSTIN,
XAVIER... XAVIER...
MUYANGO.
MUYANGO, STAND UP!
COME ON, LET'S GO.
IT'S NOT GONNA HELP.
- SH... HEY, HEY! HEY! - LET'S GO, LET'S GO.
- HEY! - IT'S NOT GONNA HELP. HE'S DEAD.
- OUl? - Colonel Bagosora,
THIS IS ASSISTANT SECRETARY BUSHNELL.
MRS. BUSHNELL, WHAT A WONDERFUL SURPRISE.
I REGRET WE DIDN'T MEET DURING YOUR LAST VISIT IN KIGALI.
SIR, I'M CALLING TO ADVISE YOU
THAT WE VIEW THE SITUATION VERY SERIOUSLY.
PRESIDENT CLINTON IS VERY CONCERNED.
HOW KIND OF THE PRESIDENT TO BE THINKING OF ME.
WE HAVE RECEIVED REPORTS THAT THERE HAS BEEN...
THE U.N. REPORTS ARE VERY EXAGGERATED. THERE HAS BEEN SOME TROUBLE.
AND NATURALLY, WE HAVE TO DEFEND OUR PEOPLE.
YOU MUST TAKE ACTION TO CHANGE THE COURSE OF EVENTS.
BUT IT'S THE REBELS, THEY ATTACKED US.
AND NOW THE PEOPLE HAVE RISEN UP TO DEFEND THEMSELVES.
COLONEL, WE KNOW WHO'S PERPETRATING THESE KILLINGS.
YOU CAN SEE ALL THE WAY FROM WASHINGTON?
MRS. BUSHNELL,
IF THERE WAS A CSEFIRE WE MIGHT BE ABLE TO DO SOMETHING,
but now the situation is very difficult.
VERY DIFFICULT, MADAME. YOU CAN'T IMAGINE.
NO, YOU DO NOT NEED A CEASEFIRE
TO STOP THIS HATE RADIO BROADCAST.
MONSIEUR BAGOSORA,
IF YOU DO NOT STOP THE KILLING, THERE WILL BE CONSEQUENCES.
REALLY?
YOU WILL SEND THE MARINES?
WE HAVE NO OIL HERE. WE HAVE NO DIAMONDS.
WE HAVE NOTHING YOU NEED IN RWANDA. WHY WOULD YOU COME?
IF YOU DO NOT CEASE THE KILLINGS,
I PROMISE YOU,
YOU WILL BE HELD PERSONALLY RESPONSIBLE.
I WILL SEE WHAT WE CAN DO.
MAMA, MAMA!
HOW IS SHE?
FATHER,
WHERE ARE MY BOYS?
- WHERE ARE THEY? - WE FOUND YOU ON THE DOORSTEP.
YOU WERE ALONE.
I HAVE TO GO TO FIND MY CHILDREN.
I CAN'T STAY HERE.
I HAVE TO LOOK FOR THEM. MATHILDE, YOU HAVE TO HELP ME, PLEASE.
- OF COURSE, JEANNE. - WHERE DID YOU LAST LEAVE THEM?
OH MY GOD.
I DON'T KNOW.
MY BABIES...
WHAT HAPPENED TO MY BABIES?
I HAVE SCRUTINIZED THE WORDS
AND LISTENED TO THE RADIO TAPES.
IT IS TRUE THAT MY CLIENT HERE ADMITS HIS MORAL GUILT,
BUT WHERE IS FREEDOM OF THE PRESS?
OR FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION?
HE WAS A JOURNALIST, A MAN OF LETTERS, AN INTELLECTUAL.
DID ANYBODY ACTUALLY SEE MY CLIENT BUTCHERING PEOPLE?
THE PROSECUTOR HERE TALKS OF CRIMINAL CONSPIRACY...
THIS IS NOT NUREMBERG, MADAM PROSECUTOR.
IS HE A CRIMINAL BECAUSE HE STOOD ON A POLITICAL PRINCIPLE?
WHERE IS THE BLOOD ON MY CLIENT'S HANDS?
CAN YOU PLAY SOCCER?
- NO. - I CAN TEACH YOU.
HELLO, MOMMY!
So did you see Honore?
- NO. - YOU'RE NOT GOING TO.
I DON'T THINK I CAN HEAR WHAT HE HAS TO SAY TO ME.
- I KNOW IT'S NOT EASY... - You don't understand.
THIS THING DOESN'T MAKE SENSE.
THEY'RE ALL HERE.
Everybody that planned genocide is here.
I saw Bagosora here.
THEY GET FULL MEALS.
THEY GET A.Z.T. MEDICINE
WHILE RAPE VICTIMS ARE DYING OF AIDS?
It's like a fucking health club.
I GUESS THE KILLERS ARE THE STARS OF THE SHOW.
IT THIS WHAT THIS IS, HUH?
A SHOW, A BIG SHOW?
WE NEED THE TRIBUNALS. I KNOW THEY HAVE THEIR SHORTCOMINGS,
BUT IT'S A WAY TO GET THROUGH IT, A WAY TO MOVE ON.
IT'S A WAY FOR EVERYBODY TO WASH THEIR HANDS
so nobody has to feel bad,
SO WE CAN PRETEND THERE WAS JUSTICE.
WHERE IS OUR DIGNITY?
So...
HOW ARE WE GOING TO MOVE FORWARD?
I AM FIGHTING TOO, AUGUSTIN.
I KEEP SEEING ANNE-MARIE'S FACE...
and the faces of all my girls.
WHAT IS IT THAT YOU WANT ME TO DO?
- Am I alone in this? - NO, YOU'RE NOT ALONE. MARTINE...
I'm trying.
I'M HERE AND I'M TRYING.
AUGUSTIN...
I GOT THE RESULTS.
It's a boy.
WHY DON'T YOU COME IN?
THE GIRLS ARE HERE.
- THEY'RE WAITING FOR YOU. - NO.
I CAN'T.
WHY DON'T YOU COME?
WHAT'S WRONG WITH YOU?
- COME! - NO.
RUN TO THAT DORMITORY! QUICKLY, QUICKLY! RUN! RUN, GIRLS!
QUICKLY, GIRLS! QUICKLY. INSIDE, INSIDE.
- OKAY, GIRLS. GIRLS, LISTEN TO ME.
COME, LISTEN.
NOW, THEY... THEY ARE GOING TO ASK YOU
FOR YOUR IDENTITY CARDS.
THEY WANT TO SEPARATE US.
THEY WANT ALL TUTSIS TO COME OUT.
I CAN'T DO THIS.
I'LL GO, MISTRESS.
IF ISA GOES...
I'LL GO.
- I'LL GO. - WE'RE SISTERS.
WE'RE STAYING TOGETHER.
PLEASE DO SOMETHING.
THEY'RE KILLING EVERYBODY!
SHH, SHH, SHH.
SHH.
DO YOU UNDERSTAND THE CHOICES THAT YOU ARE MAKING?
DO YOU UNDERSTAND?
SOMEBODY HELP ME!
HUTUS HERE, TUTSIS THERE.
HUTU GIRLS BEHIND ME. ALL INYENZIS OVER THERE.
NOW.
I'LL NOT SAY IT AGAIN.
WE'RE STAYING TOGETHER.
NO, PLEASE, PLEASE, PLEASE.
THINK OF THEM AS YOUR OWN DAUGHTERS.
PLEASE.
MISTRESS!
MY DAUGHTER IS NOT A COCKROACH!
MISTRESS, MISTRESS.
TO JULIE, TO JULIE!
These are the most recent sat. photos from Kigali.
You can see here and here,
we have clear evidence of mass killing.
These are freshly dug mass graves.
Well, at this point, honestly,
our list of possible actions is pretty short,
but if we can adequately back-up the remaining 400 U.N. troops,
we can probably save some lives.
It's for damn sure we're not gonna put in any of our soldiers.
- There's no political will. - LOOK, AT THE RATE THAT WE'VE BEEN ARGUING THIS,
THERE WON'T BE ANYBODY LEFT TO SAVE.
That's fine for you to say, Pru, but you know it's not Mogadishu.
Everyone in this sweatshop knows it's not Mogadishu.
But up on the Hill, Somalia's written all over it.
SO WE'RE TALKING IN CIRCLES HERE.
IF WE CAN'T GET ANY ADDITIONAL U.N. SUPPORT,
- THEN WE NEED SOME FRESH IDEAS. - I'M ON IT.
WHAT'S HAPPENING WITH THE PROPOSITION TO JAM RADIO RTLM?
- We checked. Too expensive. - OH, COME ON.
Our lawyers say it's against international laws to jam radios.
You know, something about "freedom of the press, freedom of speech. "
YES, IT'S AGAINST INTERNATIONAL LAW TO JAM RADIOS,
BUT NOT TO EXHORT MASSIVE SLAUGHTER.
COME ON, WE ARE TALKING ABOUT HATE RADIO HERE.
Let's not lose our perspective.
Radios don't kill people.
People kill people.
DON'T DIE.
ANNE-MARIE.
DON'T GO, ANNE-MARIE.
ANNE-MARIE.
VICTORINE. VICTORINE, COME ON.
COME ON.
WAKE UP.
WAKE UP, PLEASE.
OH DEAR GOD.
WAKE UP.
ANNE-MARIE.
ONE MORE TIME.
JUST A LITTLE BIT...
ONE LAST TIME.
LET'S GO.
COME ON, ANNE-MARIE.
ONE LAST STEP.
PLEASE, PLEASE, HELP US.
HELP US.
FAX THIS TO THE WHITE HOUSE, THEN MITTERRAND.
- DON'T FORGET THE SAFE CONDUITS AND THE COPIES FOR THE U.N. - OKAY.
- ANY NEWS? - I'M VERY SORRY, AUGUSTIN. NO NEWS.
NOBODY HAS SEEN JEANNE NOR THE CHILDREN.
WE HAVE BEEN TRYING.
AND WE WILL KEEP TRYING.
ALPHONSE MUGINA FROM MUSANGE?
MUGINA, ARE YOU IN HERE?
BUBINGO! WHERE IS HE?
BUBINGO, COME ON OUT!
YOU SHOULD GET SOME REST.
I'M FINE, FATHER SALOMON. I'M FINE.
BUBINGO, MATTHEW, YOU CAN COME OUT.
SOLDIER, TAKE HIM OUT.
OUT.
SOLDIER!
WHO IS THIS MAN?
HE IS HUTU. HE'S JUST A FOOLISH TAXI DRIVER.
HE GOT HURT TRYING TO PROTECT SOME TUTSI INFILTRATOR IN HIS CAR,
BUT HE IS HUTU.
AND I NEED A BETTER LIST.
- I'LL WORK ON IT. - I NEED MORE NAMES,
AND I NEED THEM BY TOMORROW, UNDERSTAND?
YES, OFFICER.
YOU STILL CAN'T REMEMBER?
SHUT UP! COME OUT!
A BIG BLACK HOLE.
I BARELY REMEMBER...
ROADBLOCKS,
MILITIAS.
I CAN SEE HONORE, THEIR UNCLE.
MARCUS...
WAS AT THE BACK OF THE CAR.
AND?
NOTHING.
PAIN.
SHUT UP! COME OUT!
ANNE-MARIE.
OH, ANNE-MARIE.
ANNE-MARIE?
I CAN'T MOVE HER.
ANNE-MARIE?
NO.
NO, NO.
NO.
What's the difference between
"acts of genocide" and "genocide"?
Well, I think the...
as you know, there is... there is a legal definition of this.
There has been a lot of discussion
about how the definition
applies under the definition of genocide
contained in the 1948 convention.
If you're looking at that
as for your determination
about genocide,
clearly not all of the killings
that have taken place in Rwanda are
killings that... to which you might apply that label.
But it's as to the distinctions between the words,
we are trying to call what we have seen so far
as best as we can,
and based, again, on the evidence
we have every reason to believe
- that acts of genocide have occurred.
How many acts of genocide does it take to make genocide?
Alan, that's just not a question
that I'm in a position to answer.
What is an "act of genocide," Christine?
As defined in the 1948 Genocide Convention,
the crime of genocide occurs when certain acts are committed
against members of a national, ethnic,
racial, or religious group
with the intent of destroying that group
in whole or in part.
The relevant acts include killing,
causing serious bodily harm...
bodily or mental harm
and deliberately inflicting conditions of life
calculated to bring about physical destruction of the group.
So wait a minute, you said genocide...
that is the definition in the 1948 convention.
- Of genocide? - Of genocide.
Okay, so you say, genocide happens when certain acts happen,
and you say that these acts have happened in Rwanda,
so why can't you say that genocide has happened?
VICTORINE?
- VICTORE. - AH.
THE LORD...
IS MY SHEPHERD.
THE LORD IS MY SHEPHERD...
I SHALL NOT WANT.
HE LEADETH ME THROUGH GREEN PASTURES...
AND EVEN AS I FEAR
TO WALK THROUGH THE VALLEY OF THE SHADOW OF DEATH...
AND EVEN AS I FEAR TO WALK...
- WALK THROUGH THE VALLEY... - THROUGH THE VALLEY...
- OF THE SHADOW... - OF THE SHADOW...
OF DEATH...
...AS I FEAR...
VICTORINE?
COME.
- EVEN AS I FEAR...
TO WALK
THROUGH THE VALLEY OF THE SHADOW OF DEATH...
SHH.
VICTORINE,
COME ON.
ARE YOU THERE?
CAN YOU HEAR ME?
YOU KNOW...
DID I...
DID I T-TELL YOU
THAT I HAVE A WIFE?
YES.
BUT WE...
WE ARE NOT MARRIED,
BUT WE LIVE TOGETHER, AND...
SHE IS PREGNANT.
IT'S A BOY.
HER NAME IS MARTINE.
MY NAME IS VALENTINE.
YOU'RE A SURVIVOR, AREN'T YOU?
YES.
ARE YOU...
ARE YOU TESTIFYING FOR THE TRIBUNAL?
NO.
I'M VISITING SOMEBODY.
ARE YOU?
TESTIFYING?
I'M...
I'M A SECRET WITNESS.
I...
I TESTIFY TOMORROW.
WOULD YOU...
WOULD YOU COME?
YES,
BUT YOU WON'T BE ABLE TO SEE ME.
I'LL KNOW THAT YOU'RE THERE.
The first one,
he took my baby off my back
and put it on the floor.
HE PENETRATED ME.
HE KEPT ME
UNTIL HE HAD ME A SECOND TIME.
LATER,
I DON'T REMEMBER EXACTLY,
BUT THE INTERAHAMWES HELD US IN ANOTHER ROOM,
AND THEY RAPED ALL THE GIRLS.
A YOUNG MAN THREW HIMSELF ON ME.
When he had taken off his pants, he told me
THERE IS NO PLACE FOR ME NOW,
THAT THE GOVERNMENT HAD ABANDONED US.
AFTER THAT,
HE DID HUMILIATING THINGS TO ME.
HE DIDN'T EVEN CARE THAT I WAS A MOTHER.
I HEARD THE YOUNG GIRLS SCREAM,
BUT I COULD NOT SEE THEM.
WHEN THE SECOND MAN WAS FINISHED,
A THIRD ONE CAME,
AND HE FORCED ME TO LIE DOWN AGAIN.
He raped me.
At that moment,
I just wanted to die.
THEN A FOURTH MAN CAME,
AND HE TOOK ME.
AT THAT MOMENT, I THOUGHT,
"GOD IN HEAVEN, WHO ARE THESE MEN?"
I'M SORRY,
BUT CAN YOU TELL US WHAT HAPPENED NEXT?
THE NEXT DAY, THE INTERAHAMWES CAME,
AND THEY MADE US COME BACK TO THAT HOUSE...
BUT THEY HAD TO DRAG ME THERE
LIKE A DEAD PERSON.
I WAS DEAD.
WHERE WAS THE DEFENDANT?
WAS HE IN THE CULTURAL COMMUNITY CENTER DURING THIS TIME?
YES.
I KNEW THAT HE WAS THE LEADER OF THE MUNICIPALITY.
I FELT THAT HE COULD HAVE PROTECTED US,
BUT HE DID NOTHING.
DID THE DEFENDANT PERSONALLY PARTICIPATE IN THE RAPES?
I NEVER SAW HIM RAPE ANYBODY,
BUT...
HE DIDN'T PROTECT US.
HE WOULD TELL THE INTERAHAMWES,
"DON'T EVER ASK ME ANYMORE HOW A TUTSI WOMAN TASTES."
HE WAS A COACH,
ENCOURAGING HIS PLAYERS.
I HEARD HIM SAY, AND THESE WERE HIS EXACT WORDS...
"TOMORROW THEY WILL BE KILLED... "
PLEASE, GO ON.
THE NEXT DAY ON THE STREET,
AN OLD WOMAN TOLD ME
THAT ALL THE GIRLS WHO HAD BEEN WITH ME, HAD BEEN KILLED.
SHE TOLD ME I HAD TO LEAVE.
I COULD BARELY CARRY MY BABY,
BUT I LEFT.
I HID IN A SORGHUM FIELD.
MAY I ASK,
WHY DID YOU MAKE WHAT MUST HAVE BEEN A DIFFICULT DECISION
TO COME TO ARUSHA AND TESTIFY IN THIS TRIBUNAL?
I SAW WHAT THIS MAN DID,
AND I FELT RESPONSIBLE TO TESTIFY
ABOUT THIS MAN'S BETRAYAL
OF THE PEOPLE WHO ARE ENTRUSTED TO HIM.
WHEN A PERSON LEADS ASSASSINS,
HE IS ALSO AN ASSASSIN.
Rebel units in the southwest are
tightening their grip on the government stronghold at Gitarama,
capturing the key military base at Nyanza
about 40 kilometers south of Gitarama,
and cutting the government's main supply route.
The United Nations says
the main govnment strongholds in the Rwandan capital Kigali
have fallen to the rebel Rwanda Patriotic Front...
No matter what history will say of these unprecedented events,
one must acknowledge that it is the R.P.F. Troops
that ultimately stopped the genocide.
Western support has been slow to non-existent.
The commander of the Rwandan Patriotic Front,
General Paul Kagame, has declared a ceasefire.
Speaking in the capital Kigali, he said
the R.P.F. had won the war, and now controlled the whole country,
except for the French-patrolled area in the southwest.
General Kagame said his forces had a right to go anywhere,
but he would try to avoid confrontation.
Hundreds of thousands of Hutu refugees
flee the advance of the R.P.F. troops.
These refugees have participated in the killing
of a now estimated 800,000 of their countrymen.
The fleeing government forces
are using them as a protective shield.
We're calling the operation "Support Hope. "
General Jack Nix will lead it from Zaire.
We have army units distributing water for the refugees,
and we have 1/2 million tents.
ON THE POLITICAL SIDE, JOHN.
ThFrench are working overtime to save
what's left of the old regime,
and the U.N. is in full damage control mode.
The White House is very pleased
with your quick response to the refugee crisis,
and Congress is rallying around the flag.
It's too bad the CNN factor didn't kick in a little sooner.
- Anybody else? - THANKS, FOLKS. THANK YOU, EVERYBODY.
WELL, I GUESS, THAT'S IT.
Prudence, our mission was not to intervene.
Well, the system functioned perfectly.
Two years down the road, the president will ask for forgiveness.
He'll make the promise of "Never again,"
but in terms of national interest, we did everything right.
WE WERE LOYAL TO A POLICY
THAT ALLOWED HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE TO BE KILLED.
AS FAR AS MORAL IMPERATIVE, WE DID NOT DO THE RIGHT THING.
We're bureaucrats,
not the political leadership.
- IS IT BECAUSE THEY'RE AFRICANS? - Let's not do that, Pru.
It was Rwandans killing Rwandans.
I DON'T... I DON'T RECOGNIZE THE CITY ANYMORE.
I'M LOOKING FOR MY DAUGHTER.
SHE ATTENDED...
ANNE-MARIE?
ANNE-MARIE MUGANZA.
HONORE.
AUGUSTIN.
I SEE THEY ARE TREATING YOU WELL.
SOME SAY TOO WELL.
BROTHER, IT HAS BEEN A LONG TIME.
THEY SAY YOU WERE IN ITALY WHEN THEY ARRESTED YOU.
YES.
ITALY...
ZAIRE, ANGOLA.
I WAS ON THE RUN FOR THREE YEARS BEFORE THEY CAUGHT UP WITH ME.
I DIDN'T KNOW IF I WAS GOING TO SEE YOU AGAIN.
SO WHY DID YOU COME?
BECAUSE YOU ASKED ME TO.
AUGUSTIN, WHY ARE YOU HERE?
HUH?
ARE YOU GOING TO BE LIKE EVERYBODY ELSE?
THEY COME IN HERE TO PARADE THEIR GOOD CONSCIENCE AROUND,
AS IF IT'S A CROWN.
LOOK AROUND YOU.
THERE'S NO ONE HERE TO APPLAUD YOU.
I DIDN'T...
I DIDN'T ACCUSE YOU OF ANYTHING.
I ALREADY STAND ACCUSED.
I'M READY TO HEAR WHAT HAPPENED.
I DON'T THINK YOU ARE READY FOR THIS.
I WANT HEAR IT.
I WANT TO HEAR IT.
WE MANAGED TO GET THROUGH SOME OF THE ROADBLOCKS.
I KNEW THE GAME.
BUT THE MILITARY ROADBLOCK
WAS ANOTHER MATTER.
YES, COLONEL SENTORE?
HEY, AMAKURU. THIS IS HONORE BUTERA.
I'M HERE AT THE ROADBLOCK
ON THE HOSPITAL ROAD.
NO, SIR, THEY WON'T LET ME PASS.
I TRIED TO NEGOTIATE WITH THEM...
- YES, SIR. YES, SIR. - SO I CALLED COLONEL SENTORE.
HE WAS UNDER A LOT OF PRESSURE
AND HE SAID TO ME, "I CANNOT HELP YOU,"
AND I WOULD HAVE TO GO.
AND JEANNE AND THE KIDS
WOULD HAVE TO GO INTO CUSTODY.
WHEN I HANDED THE PHONE OVER TO THE LIEUTENANT,
THEY WERE SPEAKING A DIFFERENT LANGUAGE.
WHAT'S GOING ON HERE?
EVERYBODY OUT!
OKAY, LOCK THE DOORS!
- MOM, MOM! - STAY DOWN!
OH, PLEASE, STOP IT.
GUYS, STOP IT, THEY ARE JUST KIDS.
MOMMY, MOMMY!
- SHE'S JUST A WOMAN... - HOW CAN YOU DO THIS?
HE'S JUST A BOY. THEY ARE HUTU CHILDREN.
THEY ARE OURS. THEY ARE OURS.
- PLEASE, THEY ARE JUST KIDS...
- LET THE BOYS GO. - YOU DON'T HAVE TO DO THIS. I'LL GIVE YOU MONEY...
NO, MOMMY!
TAKE IT, TE IT!
LISTEN, STOP. STOP IT!
AND JEANNE?
THEY WERE SO BUSY BURNING MY CAR...
THAT I THINK THEY FORGOT HER.
SO I PUSHED HER INTO THE DITCH, TO HIDE HER BODY.
BUT LATER THAT NIGHT...
I CAME BACK,
WHEN THE STREET WAS DESERTED.
SHE WAS STILL BREATHING.
FUCKING SAVAGES.
THE BEST I COULD DO WAS A CHURCH,
THE SAINTE-FAMILLE.
I THOUGHT SHE WOULD BE SAFE THERE.
I CALLED AND KNOCKED,
BUT THEY WOULDN'T OPEN.
SO I LEFT HER THERE BY THE GATE.
IT WASN'T UNTIL I WAS IN EXILE
THAT I KNEW OF HER FATE.
I'VE GOT TO FIND AUGUSTIN. MAYBE HE'S STILL AT THE HOUSE.
- JEANNE, I AM AFRAID... - SHE LEARNED THAT YOU WERE ALIVE,
AT HOTEL MILLE COLLINES AND WAS DESPERATE TO REACH YOU.
AFTER A HORRIFIC NIGHT,
THEY DECIDED TO KILL ALL THE WOMEN.
DO YOU THINK I'M AFRAID TO DIE?
SHE WAS VERY BRAVE.
GO!
JEANNE, MY DEAR, PLEASE.
YES, IT'S APRIL AGAIN.
EVERY YEAR IN APRIL,
THE RAINY SEASON STARTS.
HEY, THAT'S ENOUGH. YOU'RE GONNA CATCH COLD.
- VALENTINE? - AUGUSTIN.
I'M GLAD YOU EXIST. I WAS BEGINNING TO THINK I HAD DREAMT YOU.
I'M VERY REA
YOU LEAVE TODAY?
YES, TONIGHT, ON THE LATE FLIGHT.
THANK YOU.
GOODBYE THEN.
GOODBYE.
HEY, SAY GOODBYE TO OUR FRIEND.
LET'S GO.
WE'LL CHANGE OUR CLOTHES.
AND EVERY YEAR,
EVERY DAY IN APRIL,
A HAUNTING EMPTINESS DESCENDS OVER OUR HEARTS.
EVERY YEAR IN APRIL,
I REMEMBER HOW QUICKLY LIFE ENDS.
EVERY YEAR IN APRIL,
I REMEMBER HOW LUCKY I SHOULD FEEL
TO BE ALIVE.
ON APRIL 12, 1994,
MY WIFE JEANNE WAS KILLED.
IN THAT SAME MONTH OF APRIL,
MY SONS MARCUS AND YVES-ANDRE
WERE ALSO KILLED.
MY FRIEND XAVIER
WAS KILLED IN APRIL.
MY DAUGHTER, ANNE-MARIE,
WAS KILLED SOMETIME LATER.
BUT I NEVER ASKED WHEN.
LEAD US NOT INTO TEMPTATION,
BUT DELIVER US FROM EVIL,
FOR THINE IS THE KINGDOM,
THE POWER AND THE GLORY,
FOREVER AND EVER.
AMEN.
MARTINE KAMANZI.
I WAS THERE.
I'M A SURVIVOR.