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igem;vnfw,f 'gayr,fh aemfwDvyfpfqD tNrefoGm;rSNzpfr,f
uGsefawmf uav;r[kwfbl; 'DudpörSm uGsefawmhfqkH;NzwfcsufvJygvkdY&w,f
a&Smif igu rif;twGuf wm0ef,lxm;wJhol rif;toufeJY&if;&r,fh udpörsdK; igcGifhrNyKEkdifbl;
rif; olYudk trdefYay;p&mrvkdbl;
- rif;u olYtazt&if;rSr[kwfwm - uGsefawmf Mum;oavmufawmh
cifAsm;vJ odyfNyD; tbkd;ryDocJhygbl;
ig olYb0rSm t"dyÜg,f&Sdatmif 0goemawGay;cJhw,f
odyÜHynm pGefYpm;rI pl;prf;rI
rif; olYudk bmay;cJhvJ
uGsefawmf olYudktrsm;MuD; ay;cJhw,f wm0ef,lzkdYtodpdwfqkdwmvJ tJh'DxJrSmygw,f
cifAsm;rSmawmh &Sdr,fhykHray:ygbl;
rif; roGm;&bl; igwkdY
'DuxGufoGm;r,f 'gyJ xyfaNymp&mrvkdbl;
a&Smif uGsefrwkdY 'DuGsef;u cGmzkdYvkdw,fav
bkdif bkdifa&TawG
&Sif tqifaNy&JUvm;
tif; aNyygw,f
wpfckyJ ighudk [efYcfu wpfcsdefvkH; bmvkyfbmudkif trdfYay;aewm rvkdvm;bl;
uGsefrtazvJ tNrJwr;f0ifygzkdYMudK;pm;w,f 'gayr,fh aemufqkH; uGsefrt&SufuGJwmyJ&Sdw,f
[kwfvm; b,fvkdvJ
NyD;cJhwJh aEGu uGsefr tvkyf&SmzkdYMudK;pm;awmh
olu yvluGsef;wpfuGsef;vkH;rSm&[wf,mOfeJY ywfysHNyD;awmh uGsefr avQmufvTmawGusJcsw,f
&Sufp&maumif;vkdufwm olwkdYbufu t&rf;MudK;pm;ae&if tawmfqkd;wmyJ
[ifhtif;
wu,fwrf;qkd;wmu olwkdYvkH;0 0ifygzkdY rMudK;pm;awmhwJh tcsdefyg
tvufZef;'g; cifAsm; oHvkduftdrfaNrSmifu vrf;nTefcsufawG rSef&JUvm;
- rSefwmaygh bmvkdYvJ - bmvkdYvJqkdwm uGsefawmfwkdYu'DrSm
- oGm;&rSmu [kd;tay:rSm - Nyóemwkdif;twGuf
aNz&Sif;enf;&Sdygw,f oli,fcsif;
'Dwpfcku aysmfzkdYaumif;OD;rSm
cifAsm;u 'gukd aysmfp&mvkdYxifw,fvm;
b,folYrSm xD;ygvJ
'Du ar&DayghyifMuD;u xD;eJY igwkdYukd awmifpGef;ay:ysHac:oGm;ay;vdrfhr,f
rif; wpfae&mawmhtokH;0ifrSm igMudKodygw,f
cPapmifhOD; [ife&D
ol b,foGm;wmvJ
rodbl;av 'DvlMuD;u &l;aewm
igwu,f&l;aewmNzpf&r,f
rif;wkdY olYrsufvkH;xJukd rMunfh&if awmifysm;awGu vl,Ofw,f
aumif;vScsnfvm;
tkdau
tckcsufcsif;qif;
bmvkdYqif;&rSmvJ
tbGm;MuD; ysm;ay:u NyKwfus&if oufMuD;&G,ftkdapmifha&Smufa&;u wm0ef,lrSmr[kwfbl;
oabmyJ
'gayr,hf 'Dae&mMuD; yifv,fatmuf NrKyfoGm;&if rif;rSma&ul;0wfpkH&Sd&JUvm;
a&Smif
twlwlpD;&atmif
vef;vkdufwm
qD&ef*wfwD ukdNzwfNyD; Nrif;pD;&ovkdyJ
vSw,f aumif;uifbkHvkdyJ
- tJh'g - iSufacs;
'Dvkdqkd&ifawmh tawmfMuD;wJh..
iSuf
opfyifawGxJukdoGm;
tawmfqmaewJhykHyJ
vnfacsmif;NzL iSufrsdK;
olu wDaumifawG NzKwfpdrf;awG
ysm;awGukdpm;wm
aemufwpfaumif
aeOD;
owdxm;
udk,fhvrf;eJY ukd,foGm;av
MuufawGeJY&if;ESD;vm;
'gMuufrSr[kwfwm
r[kwfbl; *drf;av
ig olawG;wJhykHukd oabmusw,f
wkduf..
r&ao;bl;
tck
vef;w,faemf oli,fcsif;
igrif;udkcspfw,f t&rf;cspfw,f
cspfw,f
rvkyfeJY tJh'Davmuf raysmf&bl;av
ukdfifxm;
ukdifvmeD
&Sif uGsefrukd u,fvkdufw,f
tif; igu,fvkdufw,fxifw,f
r[kwfbl;xifw,f
oGm; oGm; xGufoGm;
a&Smif bmvkyfwmvJ
vmprf;
pvkduf&atmif
[kwfNyD
a&Smif pum;aNymprf;
aNcusif;0wf vIyfvkdYr&bl;
tawmfNyif;w,fxifw,f Munfh&atmif
'DrSmrMunfheJY
'Dae&mu nbufqkd ykdtEÅ&m,frsm;w,f
igxlay;r,faemf okH;qkd&if
wpf ESpf okH; x
[kwfNyD
ighudkvufay;
tckvmawmh
ta&mifusoGm;NyDvm
tqpfvGJoGm;wm tawmfMumMumae&OD;r,f
'gqkd a&oGm;cyfvkdufOD;r,f
igwkdY NyefwnfhrSNzpfr,f
tkdau vkyfwmaygh
tvufZef;'&m; uGsefawmf csKyfxm;r,f cifAsm; okH;qkd&ifvkyfawmh
oabmaygufw,f
- toifhyJvm; - tif;
wpf
- ESpf eJY okH;u b,fvkdNzpfwmvJ - tif;
ESpf okH;
'Davmufrqkd;ygbl;
raumif;bl;
tukduftcJaysmufaq;awGbmawG&Sdvm;
'DrSmawmh bmrSr&Sdbl;
[kwfNyD
[kwfNyDaemf tkdau
vdrfrmw,f
'gawmh &Sdw,f
[ifhtif;
rpkd;&drfygeJY rD;ykHa&SU Mu,fawGatmufrSm iga,mufsm;csif; oDcsif;qkdrNyygbl;
- 'grsdK; igrvkyfbl; - aumif;NyDav
rif; qkdwwfvm;
enf;enf;aygh
aumif;w,f
*Dwqkdwm obm0 tudkuftcJaysmufaq;yJ olYukd oDcsif;qkdNyvkduf
- [ifhtif; - tif;
vmprf;yg
tkdau
rpkd;&drfygeJY
rif;twGuf txl;&Sdw,f
[kwfNyD
tJh'Dvkdqkd uGsefawmf ykdaumif;oGm;rSmvm;
Nznf;Nznf; oHpOfrdatmifvkyf
*pfwm ao;ao;av; wD;zkdY a,mufsm;MuD;eJYrS&wmvm;
'gukd ykdMuD;wJhaumifu em;axmif&w,f
[kwfNyD
aumif;vScsnfvm;
uGsefawmfh t&nftcsif;awGxJu wpfck
'DavmufESpfawGMumrSawmh ESif;vlMuD; oDcsif;qkdvJ em;axmifvkdYaumif;rSmyJ
'gayr,fh twnfaNymwm rif; 'Dvkd wD;wwfatmif b,fu oifvmwmvJ
tazu uGsefawmf uav;b0wkef;u tNrJwrf; oDcsif;qkdNyw,f
igwkdYNyefa&muf&if olYukd NyKpkzkdY owday;ygOD;
tif; olYukdyJ t&if&SmawGYygapOD;
bmvkdYvJ
olb,frSmvJ
rodbl;
ig touf &SpfESpfuwnf;u xGufoGm;wm tJh'Duwnf;urawGY&awmhwmyJ
tenf;qkH;awmh tJh'Duae oDcsif;wpfyk'fxGufvmwmaygh
tif;
eif olYukdMudKufaew,frvm;
bmvJ a&Smifvm; r[kwfygbl;
olYukdMunfh&wm a'goMuD;ykHay:ayr,fh vlaumif;av;yg
orD;wkdYMum;rSm bmrSrNzpfEkdifygbl;
'DuGsef;ay:uqif;Ekdif&ifawmifrS olu tar&dum;udkNyefrSm
olYb0eJYolqufoGm; aumvdyfwufrSm
uGsefru yvl;ukdNyefoGm;&rSm
orD;wu,fwrf;Nzpfcsifwm aocsm&ifvJ wpfaeY aumvdyfwuf&rSmaygh
tazhudk tvkyfrSm b,folulnDrvJ
NyD;awmh orD;wkYdpm;&dwfrS rwwfekdifyJ
'DvkdraNymygeJY orD;aumvdyfwufcsif&if wuf&rSmaygh
[kwfNyDvm; tazNzpfatmifvkyfay;r,f
uwday;w,f
aus;Zl;yJ ygyg;
[efYcf
[efYcf x
wpfckckawmhNzpfaeNyD tm;vkH;xMu
a&awGu b,fuvmwmvJ
aNrqD t&nfaysmfEIef;u wpfnwnf;eJY t&rf;Nrefvmw,f
'gqkd bmNzpfrvJ
uGsefawmfwkYdMudKwGufxm;wmxuf trsm;MuD;apmapmykdNrKyfvdrfhr,f
rif;aNymawmh &ufykdif;cHOD;r,fqkd
- tckawmh em&Dykdif;yJ - em&Dykdif;yJ
tJh'D a&ikyfoabmFqD tckroGm;&if tm;vkH; yifv,fatmufNrKyfukefvdrfhr,f
taz
- olr&Sdawmhbl; - pdwfrylygeJY
&I;oGm;aygufwm aerSmaygh
[ifhtif; [ifhtif;
bmvJ
raeYnu ol uGsefrukd aumvdyf ykYdr,fvkdY aNymxm;w,f
tck olaNymwm uGsefr em;vnfNyD ola&TawmifbufukdoGm;wm
'gqkd uGsefr olYudkoGm;&Smr,f
&SifwkdY a&ikyfoabmFqDoGm;Mu tcsdefrSDra&muf&if uGsefrwdkYukdrapmifheJYawmh
rif;wpfa,mufwnf;oGm;vkdY b,fNzpfrvJ
igvkdufcJhr,f
rif;aNcusif;0wfu vnfxm;wm tJh'g av;rkdifc&D;av
&ygw,f bmrSrNzpfygbl;
a&Smif olaNymwmrSefw,f rif;taNctaeeJY 'Dc&D;ukdoGm;vkdYrNzpfbl;
olwpfa,mufwnf;vJ oGm;vkdYrNzpfbl;av
'gqkd igvkdufoGm;r,f
igyJ rif;wkdYdukd
'DuGsef;ukdac:cJhwm
tckvkd 'ku©awGa&muf&wm ighaMumifhyJ
'DaNrykHtwkdif;omrSef&ifawmh
acsmufurf;yg;awGu
'Dbuftwkdif; wpfrkdifcGJyJ
rif;wkdY aemfwDvyfpfukd tNrefqkH;oGm;NyD;&if
igwkdYukdurf;aNcrSmvmac: - aNrykHu wpfckyJ&Sdwmav
zkef;cPay;
aNrykHcPay;
tck ESpfckNzpfoGm;NyD
[efYcf awmfygw,f
aus;Zl;
uGsefawmfhukd [efYcfvkdYac:vkdY
tcsdefra&G;yg
owdxm;
vm orD;
rMumcifawGYr,faemf
uwday;w,f
toifhyJvm; a&Smif
tif;
vm
'Dae&mrSm r[kwfygvm;
emw,f
a&T
igwkdYqkawmif;awGNynfhNyD
ykdqkdif'Gef&JU cuf&if;cG
ol&Sd&r,fhae&mrSmyJ
tJh'gu acsmufurf;yg; 'DrSmu urf;aNcMuD;yJNzpfaeNyD
aemwDvfypfu 'Du *lxJrSm&Sd&rSm
aNrykHrSm;aewmNzpfr,f
Nyprf;
a&Smif igwkdYa&mufaewJhae&mu trSefyJ
NyD;awmh *lu b,frSmvJ aemfwD;vpfyfu b,frSmvJ
atmufrSm
yifv,ftNrifhu vGefcJhwJh 24 em&DtwGif; aywpf&mNrifhwufoGm;w,f
'DvkdNzpfoGm;wm r,kHEkdifp&myJ uGsefawmfwkdYt&rf;aemufusoGm;NyD oGm;NyD
[ifhtif; bmrSrNzpfbl; &ygw,f
pOf;pm;&r,f atmufudkqif;zkdY enf;vrf;udkpOf;pm;&r,f
odNyD
- bmvJ - a&ikyf0wfpkH
uGsefawmfwkdYrSm r&SdwJh ypönf;awG pm&if;vkyfaewmvm;
ausmykd;ysHtdwf &nf;pm; vufa&;vS puúL
[ifhtif; em;axmifprf;yg igwkdY..
vufa&;vS puúL
acgif;xJ&kwfw&ufay:vmwm
- igwkdYrSm tdwftaNcmufawG&Sdw,frvm; - tif;
urf;aNcu o,fvmwmawGukd ,lr,f a&ikyf0wfpkHNzpfatmifvkyfr,f
toufcPav;r&Ibl;
NzKef;wD;wJhvIyf&Sm;rIawGrvkyfbl;
ukd,fhem;zdtm;udkvJ wkdif;xm;
cifAsm;odvm;
uGsefawmfwkdY atmufrSmaooGm;&if
tarawmh uGsefawmfwkdYukdowfawmhrSmyJ
'gqkdvJ pvkduf&atmif
taz
'DrSm bmvmvkyfaewmvJ rif;wkdYu aemfwDvyfpfukdoGm;av tJh'DrSm
vmNyefqkHrSmaygh
taz awmfawmh
awmfawmh
taz awmfawmh
orD; 'DtcGifhta&;av;wpfckyJ&Sdwm orD;ukd aumvdyfykdYzkdY 'DtcGifhta&;av;yJ
orD;ukdykdaumif;wJhb0 ay;zkdY
taz
orD;wkdYrSmvkdtyfwJh pnf;pdrfawG tukef&SdNyD;om;yg
tazeJYorD; twl&Sdae&if
tdrfNyefMu&atmif
[kwfNyD [kwfNyD
tkdau
ESpfqNref&r,f *wfbD
aywpf&myJ atmufusao;wm atmufukdav ESpf&IdufeJY&atmifoGm;&r,f
tif;
- rif;tqifoifhyJvm; - uGsefawmfhukd tqifoifhvm;wJh cifAsm;aum
- igu vkH;0 tqifoifhyJ - uGsefawmfvJ vkH;0 tqifoifhyJ
igurif;xufawmifykdtqifoihfNzpfOD;r,f
uGsefawmfu cifAsm;xufESpfqavmuf ydktqifoifhNzpfw,f
tckaMumufwmudk pum;vTJaewmrvm;
- [kwfw,f - tif;
b,fbufukdoGm;&rSmvJ
igvJ raocsmbl;
b,fvkd rodwmvJ tcsdefr&Sdawmhbl;
aNrmufbufu b,fbufvJ
'Dbuf [ifhtif;
[ifhtif;
tJh'g r[kwfbl; 'Dbuf
tck oHvkdufqGJtm;awG t&rf;rsm;aew,f
tJh'g bmt"dyÜg,fvJ
orD;wkdYvrf;aysmufaeNyDwJh
a&mufNyD
aemhwDvyfpf
a&Smif "mwfrD;ay;
'gMuD;ukd pufEId;NyD;awmh usefwJholawGukdoGm;ac:&r,f
'gukd oHvkduftdrfaNrmifrygyJ vrf;b,fvkd&SmrvJ
yifhulawG
ckewkef;u ysm;MuD;ukdpD;NyD;NyD yifhulay:awmh rwufEkdifbl;
yifhulawGu olwkdY&JUtdrfukd
awmifykdif;ukdrsufESmrlNyD; aqmufwwfw,f
yifhul&SmawGYNyD
'gqkd wpfNcm;bufukdoGm;&r,f
0rf;pmxdef;csKyfa&;cvkwfcHku 'Dem;rSm&Sd&vdrfhr,f
yg0g cvkwfua&m
'gxifw,f
cifAsm; b,fvkdodvJ
tcef; 17 rSmygw,fav
Aef;pmtkyfawG bmawGzwfaewmaygh
pufEId;ay;vkduf&atmif
vm vm EdI;prf;yg
tif*sif&yfoGm;NyD atmufqif;&r,f
'Dbufx&DawGu ESpf 140 avmuftkdaeNyD
wGef;EId;rS&rSm
tJh'Dvkdqkd&if vQyfppftm; uDvkd0yf axmifcsDvkdrSm
igawG;ovkd rif;awG;rdvm;
'g &l;oGyf&musvGef;w,f
twdtusyJ
-rSdef;ukd MudK;eJYoG,fNyD;NyDvm; - tif;
tJh'DaumifMuD;qDu wpfcgpmavmuf&&if igwkdY oGm;vkdY&NyD
tif; 'gayr,fh cifAsm;NyefvmcJhOD;
tif; igrif;udk 'gMuD;ul;armif;ay;&OD;r,fav
r[kwfbl; uGsefawmfaNymcsifwmu
wu,fvdkYwpfa,mufa,mufvmar;&ifawmh uGsefawmfu raNymbl;vkdYNiif;rSmaemf
cifAsm;udkNyefvmzkYd vkdtyfw,fvkdYaNymwm
uGsefawmfhb0rSm vlawGtrsm;MuD; uGsefawmfhudkpGefYcGmoGm;Muw,f
cifAsm;ukd tJh'DxJu wpfa,mufrNzpfapcsifbl;
igwkdY xGufrvmcif rif; tarukd olYom;udk apmifha&Smufyghr,fvkdY igaNymcJhw,f
rif;u olYom;oufoufr[kwfygbl;
rif;u ighrdom;pkNzpfaeNyD
igrif;twGufNyefvmzkdY uwday;ygw,f
tkdauvm;
tkdau
tck
pGefYpm;zkdY b,folpdwfygvJ
olwkdY b,frSmvJ
'DrSmvJr&Sdbl;
ckefaew,f
olwkdY'DukdtNrefa&mufvmrSNzpfr,f
'DrSm aNrae&m odyfrusefawmhbl;
'Dbufukd
b,fa&mufaewmvJ
vkyfxm; [efYcf
b,frSmvJ
vmprf;yg 0yfwpfaxmiftm;eJY
NyKH;Nyvkdufprf;
vkyfvkdufawmh
[kwfNyD
tazhudk orD;cspfw,faemf
orD;udk tazcspfw,f
atmufusNyD..
igwdkY a&mufNyD
[ifhtif; ra&mufao;bl;
a&SUrSm
vrf;ydwfoGm;vdrfhr,f
*gbmwkd igwkdYukd 'Duaexdef;NyD;awmh vrf;nTefay;
igvm;
cifAsm; uGsefawmfwkdYukd 'DuGsef;ay:ac:vmwm cifAsm;yJ Nyefac:oGm;Ekdifr,f
tkdau
a&Smif igtcsufNy&if 'DcvkwfukdESdyf
tif; [kwfw,f ig[,fvDaumhywm xdef;&ovkdyJ
[efYcf
ypfvkdufawmh
atmifNrifNyD atmifNrifNyD
[kwfNyD
*gbmwkd
tck xdef;csKyfEkdifoGm;ygNyD
awmfw,f
twlwlyJ
'DuGsef;ay:uae cGmEkdifcJhwm r,kHEkdifp&myJ
tif;
&iftkyfawG xkwfNyvkduf
xkwfrNyEkdifygbl;
tcktcsdefusNyD oloabmusvdrfhr,f
- rxkwfNyEkdifygbl; - vkyfprf;yg rif;vkyfEkdifygw,f
ol oabmusvdrfhr,f Munfhae
&SifwkYdNyD;NyDvm;
xkwfNyvkduf
aus;Zl;yg
tm;vkH;twGuf
'DvkdvJNzpfwmyJ
igt&Rf;aysmfaew,f
b,fvkdvJawmh rodbl;
'DtaNctae 'Dxufykdaumif;vmOD;rSmvm;
wpfenf;awmh&Sdw,f
[kdausmufwef;awGeJYvGwfatmif a&Smifarmif;aygh
tkdau
'DtMuHaumif;w,f
aumif;aom aeYvnfcif;yg vlMuD;rif;wdkY
*gbmwkd ZdrfcH c&D;oGm;vkyfief;u MudKqkdygw,f
NyLwif;ayguf&JU b,fbufukdMunfhr,fqkd&if
ypdzdwfork'´&mMuD;udkNrif&rSmNzpfygw,f
vmNyefNyD
pNyD
taz okH;cg&SdNyD orD; bmrSrNzpfygbl;
tif; 'gayr,fh tkda*s;rSm ivsif 2.3 vIyfoGm;w,fqkd
tJh'g tkd[kdif;,dk;eJYeDD;vm;
rkdif 2000 awmifa0;w,f
bm ivsifrS tazylp&mrvkdygbl;
- rD;awmifawGa&m - [ifhtif;
iSufMuD;awG
*Gwfbkdiftaz orD;cspfw,f
cspfw,f orD;av;
a&SmifukdvJ tazhtpm; [ufyD;bwfa';aNymvkdufyg
aemufrSzkef;qufvkdufr,f ig;rdepfavmufMum&if
tkdau c&D;oGm;zkdYtoifhyJvm;
aemufusoGm;w,f aqm&D;
[dkif;
awGY&wm0rf;omygw,f
'Dukd cPvmOD;
- [wfyD;bwfofa'; - rif;vlMuD;vlaumif;wpfa,mufukd arG;xkwfvkdufwmyJ
- [ifhtif; - aemufusoGm;wm aqm&D;yg
uGsefrwkdY vlMuD;vlaumif;wpfa,muf arG;xkwfvkdufwmyg
'DwpfckukdzGifh&atmif
uifr&Gef;uvkdY wHqdyfacgif;xkxm;w,f
tbkd;qDuyJ
olu aemufwpfcg uGsefawmfeJYawGY&if
vufaqmifay;r,fwJh
&yfraeeJY vufckyfvJwD;av
tbkd;
'Dukda&mufvmwm r,kHEkdifp&myJ
tbkd;u 'DarG;aeYukd b,f tvGwfcHyghrvJ
om;udk 'gvmay;wm
pmtkyf
tJh'g pmtkyfoufoufr[kwfbl; tm;vkH;oGm;zkdYc&D;
wpfrdom;pkvkH;aemf
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