印度。 India.
一个充满活力、熙熙攘攘的世界，十亿多人的家园。 A vibrant, bustling world, home to over a billion people.
但如果你知道去哪里寻找，最壮观的野生动物... But if you know where to look, the most spectacular wildlife...
古老的文化... Ancient cultures...
和极致的景观都能被发现。 And extreme landscapes can be found.
我是丽兹·邦宁。 I'm Liz Bonnin.
我来这里探索印度壮观的野生动物， I'm here to explore India's spectacular wildlife
在这个地球上生物多样性最丰富的地方之一。 in one of the most biodiverse places on earth.
我研究野生动物多年，但每次 I've spent years studying wildlife, but every time
我回到印度，都能发现新的事物。 I return to India, I discover something new.
我完全低估了这次经历会有多么非凡和令人大开眼界， I completely underestimated how extraordinary and eye-opening
这将是一次难忘的旅程。 this is going to be.
演员芙蕾达·平托出生在这里。 Actor Freida Pinto was born here.
吼！ Rawr!
她想分享印度人民 She wants to share the remarkable bond between
与自然界之间非凡的联系。 India's people and the natural world.
你总能看到人与动物之间 You always see that there is a connection
存在着一种联系。 between man and animal.
哇！ Wow!
邦宁（旁白）：从地球上最高的山峰， Bonnin, voice-over: And from the highest peaks on earth,
登山家乔恩·古普塔探索印度最极致的景观。 mountaineer Jon Gupta explores India's most extreme landscapes.
我的热爱是山脉， My passion is mountains,
世界上没有哪里能像喜马拉雅山脉一样。 and there is nowhere in the world like the Himalayas.
邦宁（旁白）：我们走遍这片次大陆的每个角落， Bonnin, voice-over: We're traveling the length and breadth
去揭示 of this subcontinent to reveal
印度自然界的隐藏奇迹。 the hidden wonders of India's natural world.
印度是一个让我着迷的地方， India is a place that's captivated me
从第一次来访开始就是如此， ever since my first visit,
我想这让它变得更加特别， and I suppose it's made all the more special
因为我与这里有家族渊源。 because I have a family connection.
我的曾祖父母来自印度， My great-grandparents came from India,
每次回来我都知道 and every time I return I know
我会发现新的事物， I'm going to discover something new
并伴随我余生。 that will stay with me for the rest of my life.
我想以印度最大的惊喜之一 I want to start this journey with
开始这段旅程。 one of India's biggest surprises.
它以这个国家最具标志性的动物之一 It comes in the form of one of this country's
的形式出现……大型猫科动物。 most iconic animals... the big cats.
印度可能以老虎的国度闻名， India may be known as the land of the tiger,
但在1970年之前，另一种大型猫科动物 but up until 1970, another big cat
曾是印度的国兽——狮子。 was the national animal of this country—the lion.
印度是世界上唯一拥有亚洲狮的地方。 India is home to the world's only Asiatic lions.
这一稀有亚种的栖息地曾从印度 A rare subspecies that once ranged from
一直延伸到地中海。 here to the Mediterranean.
过去200年间的狩猎和人口增长 Hunting and population growth over the past 200 years
导致它们在除印度以外的 have resulted in their disappearance
所有地区消失。 everywhere except India.
我曾追踪过印度各地的老虎， I've tracked tigers across India
但从未见过亚洲狮。 but I've never seen an Asiatic lion.
这里是印度最后剩余的亚洲狮的家园—— This is the home of India's last remaining Asiatic lions—
吉尔森林。 the Gir Forest.
这个国家公园占地580平方英里，是西北部 A national park that's 580 square miles of broadleaf scrub
的一片阔叶灌木林地。 in the northwest of the country.
据说曾经只剩下12头狮子。 At one time there were said to be as few as 12 lions left.
公园主任桑迪普·库马尔博士和他的团队 Park director Dr. Sandeep Kumar and his team
不懈努力，确保 have worked tirelessly to ensure
现在数量已超过500头并仍在增长。 that the number is now over 500 and rising.
在路上两小时后，我第一次看到了它们。 After two hours on the road, I get my first sight.
两只年轻的雄狮，沐浴着清晨的阳光。 Two young males, soaking up the early morning sun.
看那个，看那个。 Look at that, look at that.
哦。 Oh.
它们真美。 They are just beautiful.
所以，你立刻就能看到亚洲狮 So, immediately you can see two of the main features
与非洲狮的两个主要区别特征， that differentiate the Asiatic
腹部的褶皱。 to the African lion,
库马尔：是的。 the belly fold. Kumar: Yeah.
鬃毛也短得多， And the mane is much shorter, isn't it,
而且不像非洲狮那样围绕脸部。 and it doesn't surround the face in the same way.
是的。 Yeah.
腹部的褶皱是识别亚洲狮 The belly fold is one of the best ways
的最佳方式之一。 to identify Asiatic lions.
它没有实际用途，但这是从非洲 It serves no purpose but is a trait that was retained
迁徙到这里的狮子保留的特征。 in those lions that traveled here from Africa.
这些雄狮3到4岁，还未完全成年。 At 3 to 4 years old, these males are not quite adult yet.
它们最近才离开母亲， They've only recently left their mother
现在必须展示自己的力量和独立性。 and they must now display their own strength and independence.
它们在做什么？ What are they doing?
基本上它们在宣告，如果有谁 Basically they are telling now, if there is anybody
想挑战我，尽管来。 who wants to challenge me, please come.
是的。 Yeah.
它们开始展现自己的地位。 They are beginning to assert themselves.
建立领地。 Establishment, establishment.
基本上它们不会互相竞争。 Basically they will not compete with each other.
它们都会试图与其他狮群 Both of them will try to fight
的其他雄狮对抗。 with the other pairs of other lions.
非洲狮也会形成这样的联盟。 African lions can form coalitions like this, too.
像这样。 like this, too.
共同保护领地和狮群， Working together to protect their territory and the prides
它们可以一起生活好几年。 they can associate with for several years.
但这两只雄狮永远不会与狮群生活在一起。 But these two will never live with a pride.
对亚洲雄狮来说，一切都是为了保护领地。 For Asiatic males, it's all about protecting territory.
但雌狮呢？ But what about the females?
如果我们能找到它们，甚至可能看到幼崽。 If we can find them, we might even see cubs.
在非洲，它们会组成多达30头的狮群。 In Africa, they would be in prides up to 30 strong.
它们必须这样，才能捕猎大型猎物如角马。 They have to be, to take down large prey like wildebeest.
但在这里，我们要找的是小群体， But here we're looking for a smaller group
因为它们的猎物通常较小。 since their prey is usually smaller.
现在你能看到那里， Now you can see there,
有幼崽和母狮。 there is, you know, the cubs and the lioness.
哪里？就在这棵树前面。 Where? Just in front of this tree here.
哦，哇。 Oh, wow.
幼崽多大了？ How old are the cubs?
它们才4个月大。 They are just 4 months old.
这是印度狮子的典型情况。 This is typical of lions in India.
几只母狮带着一些幼崽。 A couple of females with a few cubs.
中间那只幼崽睡着了。 The cub in the middle is passed out.
它一动不动。 He is not budging.
这两只是雄的。 These two are the males.
好的，那两只醒着的。 Ok, the two awake ones.
睡觉的那只是雌的。好的。 And the sleeping one is a female. Ok.
基本上，雄幼崽，你知道， Basically, male cubs, you know,
它们会表现得 they will keep on behaving
像个聪明的家伙，到处走动。 like a smart guy on, you know, moving here and there.
它们更活跃，更好奇。 They're more active, more curious.
是的，更活跃，是的。 Yeah, more active, yeah, yeah.
它们可能更傻一些。 They're more foolish, probably.
我现在明白你说的亚洲雌狮的意思了。 I now understand what you mean about Asiatic females.
这些母狮肌肉非常发达，力量强大。 These lionesses are incredibly muscular and powerful.
所以这完全取决于它们如何捕猎猎物。 And so it's all about how they have to hunt their prey.
在这片茂密的森林栖息地中， In this dense forested habitat,
雌狮不需要长距离追逐猎物。 the females don't need to chase their prey any great distance.
它们的身体构造让它们能快速制服猎物。 They're built to take them down quickly.
不过这些狮子现在对躲避阳光以外的事情 Not that these lions show any interest in anything more than
毫无兴趣。 keeping out of the sun.
但转瞬之间，一切改变。 But in an instant, everything changes.
这些非凡的猎手变成了 And these remarkable hunters become
机会主义的伏击捕食者。 opportunist ambush predators.
一只大型印度羚羊，叫做nilgai， A large Indian antelope called a nilgai
无意中靠得太近了。 has unwittingly strayed a little too close.
母狮们警觉起来。 The females are on the alert.
狮子们正利用地形优势， The lions are using the terrain to their advantage,
潜行至干涸的河床，企图伏击印度羚。 creeping into a dry riverbed, hoping to ambush the nilgai.
这次，印度羚逃脱了。 This time, the nilgai escapes.
下次，它可能就没这么幸运了。 Next time, it might not be so lucky.
这是一次令人着迷的旅程。 This has been a fascinating trip.
我原本不确定能否见到亚洲狮， I wasn't sure I'd even see Asiatic lions,
更不用说近距离接触或目睹它们捕猎。 let alone get close to them or witness them in action.
它们简直完美无瑕。 They are absolutely perfect.
能如此接近这些极度稀有的动物 Such a privilege to get so close
真是莫大的荣幸。 to these extremely rare animals.
有桑迪普和他的团队全力守护， With Sandeep and his team dedicated to helping them,
这些曾作为印度象征的狮子， these lions, once the symbol of India,
将永远拥有这片家园。 will continue to have a home here.
平托（旁白）：两千英里外 Pinto, voice-over: 2,000 miles away
在印度东北部， in the northeast of India,
阿萨姆邦藏着另一个惊喜。 the state of Assam holds another surprise.
我来此不为看印度顽皮的猴子， I'm not here to see India's cheeky monkeys,
而是灵长类的另一成员—— but another member of the primate family.
我们的近亲之一，印度唯一的类人猿， One of our closer relatives, and India's only ape,
白眉长臂猿。 the hoolock gibbon.
我原不知道印度真有类人猿存在。 I did not know apes actually existed in India.
但更多人需要了解这些濒危动物， But more people need to hear about these endangered animals,
因为它们有项迷人绝技—— because they have an enchanting skill.
每天清晨，它们都会歌唱。 Every morning, they sing.
它们的保护区仅8平方英里， Their sanctuary is only 8 square miles.
对于仅存的100多只长臂猿， For just over 100 Gibbons,
这是片被现代文明包围的 it's a tiny semi-evergreen forest island...
袖珍半常绿森林孤岛，四周遍布茶园与城镇。 Surrounded by the modern world, tea plantations, and towns.
我来此会见保护区管理员德本·博拉。 I've come to meet Deben Borah, a warden here.
他毕生致力于守护 He has dedicated his life to protecting
这群稀有的长臂猿。 this small gibbon population.
德本自1985年便在此工作， Deben has been here since 1985
始终守护着这片森林， and he's been working in the forest right since that time,
难怪他是我们的权威专家。 so, no wonder he's our man, he's our expert.
我与野生动物摄影师桑德什·卡杜尔同行。 I'm traveling with wildlife cameraman Sandesh Kadur.
他与德本合作拍摄这些长臂猿多年。 He and Deben have collaborated to film these Gibbons for years.
桑德什的镜头是让我近距离观察 Sandesh's camera is the best way
这些树冠居住者的 for me to get a close look at these Gibbons
最佳方式。 as they live high in the canopy.
想看看这里的绝佳视角吗？ Do you want to see the great view right here?
啊。 Ahh.
长臂猿是唯一会歌唱的类人猿。 Gibbons are the only apes that sing.
每天清晨，这片森林都会苏醒于 Every morning, this forest comes alive
它们复杂的鸣唱交响中。 with a complex range of calls.
德本熟悉每一声啼鸣。 Deben knows every one.
平托（旁白）：白眉长臂猿实行一夫一妻制。 Pinto, voice-over: Hoolock Gibbons are monogamous.
这是个育有3岁幼崽的家庭。 This is a family with a 3-year-old.
幼崽出生时通体雪白， The babies are born pure white.
雄性会逐渐变为棕黑， They turn brown and darken to black
就像这只小公猿。 if they are males like this one.
雌性则保持金棕色，如同它的母亲。 Females stay golden brown, like his mother.
长臂猿们也认得德本。 And the gibbons also recognize him.
他已是家族一员。 He's part of the family.
歌唱之前，长臂猿先享用早餐， Before the Gibbons sing, they have breakfast.
采食树冠顶端的果实。 Feeding off the fruits at the top of the trees.
这家人发现我们后，荡跃而来。 When this family notice us, they swing over.
它们或许视德本为家人， They may regard Deben as one of the family,
但仍希望我们保持距离。 but they'd still like us to give them space.
噢，它朝你排便了。 Oh, it did poop on you.
别嫌恶心， Don't be grossed out.
这是长臂猿的粪便， This is gibbon poo.
猜怎么着？纯素食，只有果渣。 And guess what, it's all vegetarian, it's only fruit.
白眉长臂猿终生栖息于百米高的树冠， Hoolocks spend their lives up to 100 feet high in the canopy.
特化的关节让它们 They have specially adapted joints
能抓握摆荡。 for gripping and swinging.
它们是森林里最快的非飞行动物， They are the fastest non-flying animals in the forest.
摆荡时速可达35英里。 They can move through the trees at 35 miles per hour.
因此当它们穿越树林寻找果实时， So, when they set off to find other fruit trees,
我们追赶得十分吃力。 it's a struggle just to keep up.
现在我们正跟随长臂猿， So, we're following the Gibbons now.
它们带着我们穿行。 They're taking us for a little bit of a walk.
想听它们歌唱可真不容易。 They're really making us work very hard for the singing.
整个东北部，森林 Across the northeast, forests
已为房屋、工业和道路让位。 have made way for homes, industry, and roads.
长臂猿数量已锐减至2600只。 The number of Gibbons has fallen to 2,600.
但德本的森林受到保护 But Deben's forest has been protected
已逾百年。 for over 100 years.
1997年，这里成为唯一以长臂猿命名的保护区—— In 1997, it became the only sanctuary named after Gibbons.
霍隆加帕尔长臂猿保护区。 The Hoollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary.
她在那儿呢。 And there she is.
最易辨认的是母亲。 It's the mother who's easiest to spot.
只要一个家庭起头歌唱， It just needs one family to start singing
其他家庭就会加入。 and the others will all join in.
我和德本决定试着引它们开嗓。 Deben and I decide to try and get them going.
平托（旁白）：长臂猿们选择无视我们。 Pinto, voice-over: Our gibbons choose to ignore us.
但几分钟后， Just a few minutes later,
奇迹发生了。 something quite extraordinary happens.
噢，太棒了。 Oh, wow.
太神奇了。快听。 That's amazing. Come on.
森林开始回荡其他长臂猿家庭 The forest starts to fill with the sound of
的合唱。 the other gibbon families singing.
渐入高潮。 It's a crescendo.
平托（旁白）：当地人称之为"歌唱的森林"。 Pinto, voice-over: Locals call this the singing forest.
正因德本和同事们的守护，印度才能继续 It's thanks to Deben and his colleagues that India continues
聆听她唯一类人猿的天籁。 to hear the songs of her only ape.
古普塔（旁白）：向西北行进一千英里， Gupta, voice-over: 1,000 miles to the northwest,
仿佛置身另一个世界。 it's like being in another world.
我正身处大陆碰撞的核心地带。 I'm in the middle of a collision of continents.
四千万年前印度次大陆 This is where the Indian subcontinent
在此与亚洲相撞， crashed into Asia 40 million years ago,
将海床推向天际。 pushing the sea bed up.
吸收这场碰撞的 Absorbing the impact of this is the world's
是世界最大的褶皱带——喜马拉雅山脉。 biggest crumple zone— the Himalayas.
此刻我在13000英尺高空， I'm 13,000 feet up in the air
而这仅是山麓地带。 and these are just the foothills.
当年攀登珠峰时，我身处海平面之上29000英尺。 When I climbed Everest, I was 29,000 feet above the sea.
这座山脉是世界屋脊，其风系水系 This range is the roof of the world and its winds and waters
滋养着整个印度次大陆。 touch every part of the Indian subcontinent.
这是全球最年轻 It is the youngest and the highest mountain range
最高的山脉。 in the entire world.
我曾在尼泊尔多次攀登喜马拉雅山... I've climbed the Himalayas many times in Nepal...
却从未造访印度段。 But I've never visited the Indian side.
此行为了一个特殊缘由。 There's a reason I needed to come here.
我的祖父生于喜马拉雅山脉的 My grandfather was born in Shimla,
西姆拉镇。 a town further along the Himalayas.
终于站在这里， For me to finally be here,
看他童年见过的风景， seeing what he would have seen growing up as a child,
于我意义非凡。 is really special to me.
因此首次印度之行， So, for my first visit to India,
我要探寻这些山脉如何 I want to see how these mountains have
以磅礴之力塑造自然奇观， a dramatic effect on its natural wonders,
影响整个次大陆的生命形态。 and shape life across the whole subcontinent.
"喜马拉雅"意为"雪的居所"。 The word "Himalaya" means "the abode of snow."
名副其实。 It's a good name.
这群山脉赐予印度最珍贵的礼物——水。 These mountains bestow a precious gift upon India—water.
这是全球五分之一人口 This is the source of fresh water
的淡水之源。 for 1/5 of the entire population of the world.
15000条冰川孕育亚洲五大河流。 15,000 glaciers feed 5 of the largest rivers in Asia.
但对数百万印度人而言，其中一条最为神圣。 But for millions of Indians, one stands above all others.
远处是乔坎巴峰，意为"四根天柱"。 Over there is Chaukhamba, which means 4 pillars.
它坐落于甘戈特里冰川源头， It lies at the head of the Gangotri glacier,
孕育了恒河之水。 which feeds the river Ganges.
若说山脉是印度的驱动力， If the mountains are the driving force of India,
恒河便是其引擎。 the Ganges is its engine.
恒河发源于 The river Ganges originates in
这颗星球最高的山脉， the highest mountain range on earth
最终汇入世界最大河流三角洲。 and ends in the world's largest river delta.
近五亿人依赖着 Almost half a billion people depend upon
这条生命之河。 its life-giving waters.
无数物种也将因它消亡而灭绝。 And countless species of animals would perish without it.
难怪印度教徒将圣河奉若神明。 No wonder Hindus worship the river.
数百万人涌向沿岸圣地朝拜。 Millions flock to holy places all along her banks.
瓦拉纳西被视为最神圣之地。 Varanasi is considered the most sacred.
传说恒河女神应召降临人间 It's said the goddess Ganga was called to earth
净化人类罪孽。 to purify mankind.
恒河自天界倾泻的冲击力 Ganga fell from heaven with such force
足以摧毁尘世。 that she would have destroyed the earth.
于是另一位神明以发辫承接洪流， So, another god caught the deluge in his hair,
将其化为涓涓细流。 distributing it into gentle streams.
随着溪流汇聚， But as the streams grow,
水的力量开始显现。 the power of the water begins to exert itself.
这才是真正的自然伟力。 This is truly a force of nature.
我刚坐下就被狂风吹得 I just sat here, I'm getting buffeted by the wind
浑身湿透。 and absolutely drenched.
激流劈开喜马拉雅岩层， The waters cut paths through the Himalayan rock,
塑造出这般地貌。 shaping this landscape.
但这些水流尚未得名恒河。 But these waters do not yet carry the name Ganges.
每条支流汇入之处， Each time one river joins another,
都被视为圣地。 it's marked as a holy place.
这些神圣交汇处称为"普拉亚格"。 These sacred confluences are called pryags.
而最重要的圣地在此。 The most important of all is here.
此地名为德夫普拉亚格，意为"神之汇流"。 This place is called Dev Pryag and it means god's confluence.
我两侧的河流在此交汇 These two rivers either side of me coming together just here
形成恒河的源头。 to start the beginning of the river Ganges.
沐浴恒河是每个印度教徒 It is the lifelong ambition of every Hindu
毕生的夙愿。 to bathe in the Ganges.
这里的圣水吸引全国信徒前来， The water here is holy and people come from
通过沐浴净化灵魂 all around the country to swim here to purify their soul
洗清罪孽。 and get rid of their sins.
我想我也该试试。 So, I think I should give it a go, too.
呼！水很凉， Whoo! It's pretty chilly, uh,
但确实令人神清气爽， but it's actually incredibly refreshing
感觉美妙极了。 and it feels wonderful.
这就是印度人开启旅程的方式—— This is how Indians prepare for a journey—
以净身礼。 by washing.
对印度教徒而言，恒河连接着印度的古今。 For Hindus, the Ganges connects India's past and present.
人们在此祭奠先祖。 It's a place where they can pay homage to their ancestors.
许多人将亲人骨灰撒入河中。 Many people scatter the ashes of relatives in the river.
也有人献上花瓣以示感恩。 Others make offerings of petals as a mark of gratitude.
我的祖父离开这些山脉前往英国。 My grandfather left these mountains for Britain.
这些花瓣献给他。 These are for him.
能追随他的足迹， I'm grateful to follow in his footsteps
终于目睹这片 and finally see the mountains and river
滋养生命的山川，我满怀感恩。 that are such an important part of life here.
邦宁（旁白）：喜马拉雅并非印度唯一的山脉。 Bonnin, voice-over: The Himalayas aren't India's only mountains.
我正南下前往 I'm traveling far south
印度另一重要山脉——西高止山。 to India's other great range, the Western Ghats.
这片低海拔森林山脉从孟买 These lower, forested hills stretch from Mumbai
一直延伸到印度最南端。 all the way to the bottom of the country.
最高处仅海拔4900英尺， They only reach 4,900 feet above sea level,
却是地球上生物多样性最丰富的地区之一。 but they are one of the most biodiverse places on earth.
印度以茶叶闻名于世。 India is well known for its tea.
阿萨姆和大吉岭家喻户晓。 Assam and Darjeeling are household names.
印度年产茶叶超百万吨。 It produces over a million tons of it a year.
其中四分之一产自此处。 A quarter of all Indian tea grows here.
成千上万人在覆盖山坡的 Thousands work in the plantations
茶园中劳作。 that carpet these slopes.
西高止山脉这片区域被称为安纳马莱。 But this part of the Western Ghats is called the Annamali.
意为"大象之山"。 It means "elephant hills."
几个世纪来，这里的森林为 For centuries, the forests here have provided a safe home
印度最大的陆地动物提供庇护。 to India's largest land animal.
我来此探寻当印度标志性动物 I've come here to discover what happens
不得不与茶叶产业 when one of India's iconic animals has to share this land
共享土地时的景象。 with the demands of the tea industry.
路上遍布大象粪便。 There's elephant droppings all over this road.
亚洲象可通过较小耳型、凹陷额头， Asian elephants are easily distinguished
以及仅雄性长牙的特征 by their smaller ears, dented foreheads,
轻松辨认。 and the fact that only the males have tusks.
西高止山脉栖息着印度 The Western Ghats are home to the largest population
最大的象群，约一万头。 of elephants in India, around 10,000.
但随着茶树取代森林， But as trees have made way for tea,
栖息地逐渐碎片化。 so the forest has become fragmented.
象群仍需穿越不同林地 The elephants still need to get
觅食... from one patch of forest to the next to find food...
由此形成印度独特一景， Which gives rise to one of India's unique sights,
这正是我听闻后 something I wanted to see from the moment
心心念念的画面。 I first heard about it.
茶田中的大象。 Elephants in the tea.
她应该在那儿。 I think there she is.
哪里哪里？ Where, where, where, where?
看左边沼泽处。 Look there, to the left this swamp is here.
沼泽，对。看见了吗？ Swamp, yes. You see right there?
没。看见了！ No. Yes.
大象。就在那儿。 Elephant. There she is.
我的向导是加内什·兰加纳坦。 My guide is Ganesh Ranganathan.
他已在此研究大象三年。 He's been working with the elephants here for 3 years.
我们必须谨慎接近这头大象。 We need to approach this elephant carefully.
她看似平静，但受惊后可能极度危险。 She seems calm but if we startle her, it could be very dangerous.
我们原本处于上风处， We've been upwind of her,
但风向突变，必须格外小心—— but the wind is just changing direction, so, we've got to be
一旦她发现我们， really careful that once she figures out we're here
不能让她受惊。 that she doesn't get stressed.
啊，真美。 Ah, she's a beauty.
大象不会破坏茶园吧？ So the elephants don't destroy the tea plantations, do they,
它们不吃茶叶对吗？ they don't feed on the tea?
对，它们不吃茶叶。 No, they don't feed on the tea.
它们沿这些小路行走。 They walk along these paths.
仔细观察这些小路， In fact if you look at these paths that are here,
是大象长期 it's something that the elephants have
踩踏形成的。 walked on for a long time.
邦宁（旁白）：大象有固定迁徙路线 Bonnin, voice-over: Elephants have fixed travel routes
获取食物水源， to source food and water,
这些路径早在茶园出现前 using tracks established long before
就已存在。 the tea plantations appeared.
这片土地上的象群 This is a landscape that these elephants
已穿梭了数百年， have been moving through for hundreds of years
它们未曾改变习性， and they haven't changed their habits,
只是适应了 they've sort of adapted to,
地貌的变迁。 to how the landscape has changed.
象群每日如此迁徙， The elephants do this every day,
所到之处都有人们警惕的目光。 and wherever they appear, people keep a watchful eye.
它们的迁徙路线通过族群中 Their migration routes are so firmly established in a herd,
长者的言传身教 passed on from the elder individuals to the youngest.
代代相传永不更改。 It's not something that's going to change.
加内什的团队负责追踪 Ganesh is part of a team tracking the movements of
茶园周边多个象群的动向。 the elephants that live in several herds around the tea.
了解越多，就越能 The more they understand their behavior, the more they can keep
避免人象冲突。 elephants and people apart.
她是族长吗？ Is she the matriarch?
是的，她是族长。 Yes, she is the matriarch.
她多大了？ How old is she?
肯定超过40岁。 Definitely over 40 years of age.
那它呢？ And how old is he then?
大约7到10岁。 He's about 7 to 10 years of age.
其他象群成员现在在哪里？ And where, so, where are the rest of the herd right now?
它们往那边去了。 They're headed that way, in this direction.
它们经常分开吗？ Do they often separate?
是的，很常见。为什么？ Yeah, they do that very often. Why, why is that?
因为你看，这些都是 It's because, see again, these are all
碎片化的森林， fragments of forest, right, so,
这个象群约有23头。 this herd is about 23 in number.
同一片区域无法 The place wouldn't be able to provide
满足所有成员的觅食需求。 for all of them to forage in one place.
所以它们分散行动， So, they break up, they go in different directions,
但很快又会重聚。 but they regroup very soon as well.
明白了。 Right.
看，她在轻推它。 Oh, look, she's nudging him.
在催促它。 She's nudging him.
快进森林去。 Get into that forest.
但我想知道当人象相遇时 But I want to know what happens when
会发生什么。 elephants and people do meet.
这里有数千人工作。 Thousands work here.
问题往往源于意外遭遇。 The problems are caused by unexpected encounters.
受惊的大象可能发动攻击。 A startled elephant can charge and attack.
甚至造成过人员死亡。 They've even killed people.
多发生在日落之后。 This happened mostly after sundown.
人们从公交站步行回家， So, people would walk back home from the bus stops,
比如我们旁边这个车站。 like the bus stop that we have here.
是的。 Yeah.
他们完全不知道 And they didn't have any clue about
大象的行踪， where these elephants were and it was
通常是突然遭遇。 mostly a surprise encounter.
自1994年起，已有约41人 Since 1994, we've had about 41 people
在此丧生。 who've lost their lives here.
邦宁（旁白）：但人们决心实现 Bonnin, voice-over: But there is a determination
和谐共处。 to make cohabitation work.
加内什就职于自然保护基金会。 Ganesh works for the Nature Conservation Foundation.
他们开发了大象预警系统。 They've come up with an elephant warning system.
当地电视台每天下午 The local television channel
播放实时快讯， shows news flashes every afternoon
并通过手机发送即时警报。 and up-to-the-minute alerts are sent using mobile phones.
近10%的手机用户订阅了 Almost 10% of phone users have signed up
群发短信服务。 to receive group texts.
通过这个系统可以 So, that's a facility where you can send out
单条短信群发众人。 one single text message to a large number of people.
现在我能在一秒内 So, right now I can send out about 1,500 text messages
给约1500人发送警报。 to about 1,500 people in a span of one second or so.
邦宁（旁白）：同样重要的是加内什每日接收的 Bonnin, voice-over: And just as vital are the texts Ganesh receives
最新目击报告。 of up-to-the-minute elephant sightings every day.
这个系统运行多久了？ So, how long has this system been up and running
伤亡数字有变化吗？ and have you noticed a difference in the fatalities?
过去平均每年约3人 There used to be an average of about 3 people
命丧象蹄。 who used to lose their lives to elephants.
每年？嗯。每年。 Every year? Uh-huh. Every year.
现在降至约1.5人， And now I think that's dropped to about 1.5,
减少了一半。 which is half of it.
启动时预料到会 When you started, did you anticipate
如此成功吗？ it would be such a success?
没有，完全没有。 No, no. Really?
我们最初没有任何预期。 No, we didn't anticipate anything since we started.
邦宁（旁白）：加内什和他的项目证明了 Bonnin, voice-over: Ganesh and the project he's working on
现代印度如何学会 are proof of how modern India is learning to live
与自然和谐共处。 in harmony with its natural world.
大象是复杂而聪慧的动物。 Elephants are complex and intelligent animals.
尽管体型庞大，它们却能展现出惊人的细腻与温柔。 Despite their size, they can be incredibly delicate and gentle.
这是它们的家园，得益于当地人的热忱， This is their home and thanks to the passion of the people here,
这些山丘得以继续承载 these hills can continue to carry
"象山"之名。 the name of elephant hills.
平托（旁白）：但并非所有大象故事都关于和谐共存。 Pinto, voice-over: But not all elephant stories are stories of co-existence.
我来到卡齐兰加国家公园， I've come to Kaziranga National Park,
阿萨姆邦最大的国家公园， the largest national park in Assam,
这里大象是最佳交通工具。 where elephants are the best way of getting around.
这给了我千载难逢的机会。 It gives me a once in a lifetime opportunity.
印度野生动物最奇妙之处在于 One of the most wonderful things about Indian wildlife is that
你永远不知道何时会邂逅 you never know when you're going to be surprised
新惊喜——我刚得知一个月前 with something new, and I just found out that a baby was born
有头小象出生，现在就要去探望它。 just a month ago and I am going to see it right now.
大象在印度作为役用动物已有四千年历史， Elephants have been working animals in India for 4,000 years,
负责运输木材和重物。 hauling lumber and carrying heavy goods.
在卡齐兰加，它们既是游客 In Kaziranga, they're the best way for both
也是护林员的最佳座驾。 tourists and rangers to get around.
几乎如同家庭成员。 They're almost part of the family.
卡齐兰加有位工象妈妈 One of Kaziranga's working mothers
愿意让我亲近她的孩子。 is willing to share her family with me.
野生动物摄影师桑德什·卡杜尔 I'm accompanied once more by
再次与我同行。 wildlife cameraman Sandesh Kadur.
他的经验将帮助我理解如何最好地接近 His knowledge will help me understand how best to approach
这对母子。 the mother and her infant.
让她主动靠近你。 Just let her come to you, let her come to you.
小象叫鲁普希。 Baby's name is Rupohee.
鲁普希，意为"美丽"。 Rupohee. Beautiful one.
鲁普希。 Rupohee.
看，她过来了。 There, see, she's coming.
妈妈过来了。她知道你有香蕉， The mother's coming. She knows you have bananas,
现在可以喂她了。 so now you can, you can probably feed her.
给一根吗？ Do I give her one?
对，一次一根。 Yeah. Give her one at a time.
来吧。好的。 Go ahead. Ok.
我正在掰开。 I'm trying to break them.
给你，妈妈。 There you go, mummy.
继续一根根喂。 Just keep giving her one.
看，她抬起腿避免踩到... Look, look, and she lifts her leg so she doesn't trample the...
小象。 The baby.
对，这样幼崽就能靠近你了。 Yes, because you could really get the baby close to you.
来，绕到我右侧。 Come, come around me on my right.
你右边？ On your right?
对，因为这样... Yeah. Because then...
平托（旁白）：小象的妊娠期 Pinto, voice-over: The gestation period for a baby elephant
长达18至22个月。 is 18 to 22 months.
其实第19个月就已发育完全， The calf will actually be fully developed by the 19th month,
但需留在母体继续生长 but it needs to stay in the womb so it can grow tall enough
直到能够到母亲哺乳。 to reach its mother to feed.
幼象依赖母乳长达3到4年。 They are dependent on their mother's milk for 3 to 4 years.
它们走动了。 Oh, they're walking.
正要去水边。 They're ready to go to the water now.
平托（旁白）：大象不仅是劳力， Pinto, voice-over: Elephants are not just part of work.
也是信仰的一部分。 They're also part of worship.
全印度都能看到它们的重要性。 All over India you see evidence of how important they are.
印度教象头神伽内什 For Hindus, the god Ganesh has the head of an elephant.
象征力量与破除障碍。 He's a symbol of strength and the remover of obstacles.
因此印度教徒到处供奉其像， Which means Hindus place his likeness everywhere,
祈求护佑。 hoping he'll help.
我的吉普车里也有一尊！ There is even one in my Jeep!
对我而言，大象最能体现 To me, elephants are the best example of how important
自然界的动物对印度文化的重要性。 animals in the natural world are to the culture of India.
正因如此，能见到这个珍贵的新生儿 This is why getting to meet this precious newborn
才如此令人激动。 is so exciting.
谢谢你，妈妈。 Thank you, mumma.
嗨。 Hi.
我能如此靠近全因 I can only get this close because
母象决定信任我。 the mother has decided to trust me.
鲁普希还小，它的象鼻伤不到我。 And Rupohee is so young, her trunk can't hurt me.
要是它能握住我的手就好了。 If only she'd take my hand.
哇！ Wow!
这绝对是我经历过最美妙的 This is clearly one of the most beautiful
母子亲密接触体验。 mother/baby experiences I've ever had, this up close.
能让小象如此信任你， To have the baby just trust you
用柔软的长鼻环绕着你， and to come and wrap its little trunk around you,
你就知道它暂时接纳你 you know that it's going to accept you as its playmate
作为玩伴了。 for a little while.
在卡齐兰加，工作象 In Kaziranga, the working elephants
过着近乎野生象的生活。 live almost like wild elephants.
不工作时可以自由活动。 When they're not working, they're free to roam.
这完美诠释了此地 It provides a wonderful example of the quality that
人兽和谐相处的纽带——尊重。 bonds people to the wildlife here—respect.
邦宁（旁白）：从可亲近的动物， Bonnin, voice-over: From an animal you can get close to,
到神秘莫测的掠食者。 to an elusive and mysterious predator.
这种生物始终承载着 One that has always carried with it
深厚的文化内涵。 a deep, cultural significance.
老虎是森林的守护神。 The tiger is the guardian of the forest.
它带来雨水，孕育生命， He created the rains, regenerates life,
赐予丰饶。 brings fertility.
没有其他动物被赋予如此多神性。 No other animal has quite so much attributed to it.
或许因为与其他野生动物不同， And perhaps that's because, unlike much of her wildlife,
老虎几乎遍布印度全境。 tigers can be found across almost the whole of India.
印度有48个老虎保护区， India has 48 tiger reserves,
但老虎仍是濒危物种。 but the tiger is an endangered animal.
现存野生孟加拉虎仅2000余头。 There are just over 2,000 Bengal tigers left in the wild.
这是让我魂牵梦萦的动物， They're an animal I care passionately about, and for me,
最震撼的莫过于目睹它们捕猎。 there is no greater sight than seeing one hunt.
鹿群逃脱了，但只是时间问题。 The deer get away, but it's only a matter of time.
约十分之一的捕猎尝试能成功。 About one in 10 hunting attempts is a successful kill.
众所周知我对老虎 It's no secret that I'm somewhat obsessed with tigers
近乎痴迷，野外邂逅最令人神往。 and there is nothing like seeing one in the wild.
而要感受虎魂精髓， But when it comes to emulating the spirit of the tiger,
南印度是不二之选。 south India is the place to be.
南印度有场壮观庆典—— Southern India is home to a spectacular celebration.
普里卡利，即虎舞。 The Puli Kali, the tiger dance.
作为虎痴， As someone who is so passionate about tigers,
我绝不能错过。 I simply have to see it.
没人确知这个传统的起源， No one's quite sure how this local tradition started,
但传说200多年前某位大君 but some say it began over 200 years ago
为颂扬野性精神 when a maharaja wanted a dance to celebrate
创立了这种舞蹈。 the spirit of the wild.
而对印度人而言， And there's no animal that embodies that
没有比老虎更能诠释这种精神的动物。 better for Indians than the tiger.
总共有多少画师 So, how many painters in total
有幸参与创作这些精彩作品？ get the honor of making these wonderful works of art?
共30人。 30 people are there.
才30人。啊哈。 Just 30. A-ha.
你画多久了？ How long have you been doing it?
多少年了？十年。 How many years? 10 years.
十年啊。很难画吗？ 10, 10 years. And is it difficult?
刚开始是不是手抖得... When you started, was it like oh...
抖得厉害。 Shaking, more shaking.
肚子画得歪歪扭扭。 The wobbly belly.
你会发展出独特风格 And do you develop your own style
区别于其他画师吗？ to be distinct from the other artists?
这部分不同。 This portion.
这张嘴比其他老虎 So, this is different to the other mouth
更...大。 because...he's bigger.
对。你把嘴画得更大。 Yeah. So, you make the mouth bigger.
我就知道肚子是关键。 I knew the belly was important.
肚子越大，老虎越威猛。 The bigger the belly, the better the tiger.
我也获得了亲自尝试的机会。 I even get the chance to have a go myself.
原作太完美，我可不能拖后腿。 So beautifully done that I don't want to let the side down.
在别人肚皮上画老虎。 Get to paint a tiger on someone's belly.
我们在寺庙广场表演， We're performing in the grounds of a temple so it's important
舞前必须接受 that we receive a blessing before
祈福仪式。 going ahead with the dance.
热身完毕，彩绘加身， Limbered up, painted up, looking the part.
可以开舞了。 I think we're ready for the dance.
我见过虎猎食，见过虎潜行， I've seen tigers hunt, I've seen them prowl,
但这样跳舞还是头回见。 but I've never seen them quite like this.
这是季节性活动， The dance is a seasonal event,
每年九月初丰收节 performed once a year at the harvest festival of Onam
期间表演一次。 around the beginning of September.
最大规模可达900名舞者， The biggest can have up to 900 dancers
持续跳数小时。 and they can dance for hours on end.
初访印度时我就被 I fell under the spell of the tiger
老虎迷住了。 on my first visit to India.
当时邂逅的雌虎给我极大震撼， The female I set eyes on then had such an impact on me
回国后我便开始攻读 that when I returned home, I took up my studies
野生动物生物学。 in wild animal biology.
从此老虎成为我生命的一部分。 Tigers have been part of my life ever since.
显然它们也是这些舞者的灵感源泉。 They're clearly a part of the lives of these dancers, too.
太精彩了。 That was incredible.
如此专注的演绎， It's just so lovely to see so much dedication,
如此饱满的热情与活力。 so much passion, so much energy in a dance like this.
想到老虎已濒临灭绝， And when you think the tiger,
却能看到人们如此虔诚地 you know, is on the brink of extinction,
崇敬、颂扬并保护它们， it's so heart-warming to see people who are so dedicated
实在令人动容。 to revering, celebrating,
太棒了。 and protecting the tiger here.
It's brilliant.
这是场以动物为核心的庆典， This is a celebration with animals at its heart,
而最终我们或许真有理由庆祝—— and finally there may be real cause for celebration.
某些研究显示老虎数量 Some studies are reporting that tiger numbers
正在回升。 seem to be recovering.
平托（旁白）：回到印度东北部， Pinto, voice-over: Back in the northeast of the country,
我来到个以气候闻名 I've come to a land that is famous for its climate
全印的地区。 throughout India.
七岁上学时就知晓的地方... A place I've known about since I was a 7-year-old schoolgirl...
梅加拉亚邦。 Meghalaya.
在印度上学时，课本介绍过 When I was in school in India, I learnt about this little town
梅加拉亚邦的乞拉朋齐， in the northeast of India, in the state of Meghalaya
这个小镇最特别的是 called Cherrapunjii, and the interesting fact of this place
几乎天天下雨。 was that it rained almost every day of the year.
地理课本骄傲地告诉我 My geography textbook would proudly tell me that
乞拉朋齐保持着单月 Cherrapunjii holds the world record for most rain
降雨量世界纪录——超30英尺。 in a calendar month, over 30 feet.
乞拉朋齐一个月的雨量 Cherrapunjii can get more rain in a month
抵西雅图全年。 than Seattle gets in a year.
当然并非真的日日降雨， Of course it doesn't rain every day,
但这里确是水塑造的天地。 but this is a land carved out by water.
河水能暴涨六英尺。 The rivers here can rise by over 6 feet.
交通因此受阻。 It makes it hard to get around.
但印度人向来顺应自然， But Indians have always worked with nature,
就地取材克服困难。 using what is available to overcome obstacles.
这里有项传承数百年 So, this is home to a wonder
却仍在使用的奇迹—— that dates back hundreds of years
树根桥。 yet is still in daily use.
由树根编织而成的活桥。 Living Bridges made from the roots of trees.
顺便说，这整座桥来自一棵树。 By the way, this is one single tree.
不单是这部分，整个桥都是。 Not, not just this, this and this.
独木成桥。 One single tree.
难以置信对吧？ It's hard to believe, right?
这些是榕树， The trees are fig trees,
因其能从树干高处 chosen because of the way they produce a series of
长出次生根的特性而被选中。 secondary roots from higher up the trunk.
这些次生根能加固树干。 These act as added supports for the trunk.
根系生长迅速， The roots grow quickly,
能在瘠薄土壤和岩石间稳固生长。 stabilizing in thin soil and around rocks.
是建造活桥的理想树种。 They are ideal trees for these bridges.
可利用的根系更为丰富。 There are quite simply more roots to use.
我从未见过如此奇观。 I don't think I've seen anything like this before.
这可能是大自然向我展示的 This is probably one of the most spectacular things
最壮观的奇迹之一。 nature has ever shown to me.
从未想过能站在 Don't think I have stood on a bridge that is made out of
400年古树根系编织的桥上。 roots of a tree that is 400 years old.
梅加拉亚邦随处可见 In Meghalaya, you have these root bridges almost everywhere,
这种为克服湍急河流阻碍 and it was actually grown by man in order to overcome
而由人工培育的活桥， the challenge of crossing the raging rivers,
方便两地往来—— the raging torrents, to get from one place to the other.
比如贸易活动。 For trade, for example.
与我熟知的桥梁不同，它异常坚固 Unlike the bridges I know of, it is a very, very strong bridge
且会随时间愈发强韧。 and it's only going to get stronger in time.
随着树木生长，构成桥体的根系 As a tree grows, the roots that form the bridge
会愈发粗壮。 get thicker and stronger.
新生的根系用于维护桥梁。 New roots are used to maintain the bridge.
这项古老技艺至今仍被村民沿用 This skill may be ancient, but the local villagers still use it
维护旧桥甚至培育新桥。 to maintain old bridges and even grow new ones.
他们自豪地将技艺传授给年轻一代， It's a skill they proudly pass on to the younger generation.
比如在当地长大、受教于长辈的 Like Batskhem Wahlang, who grew up in the local village
巴茨克姆·瓦朗。 and was taught by the elders.
巴茨克姆，听说你是 Batskhem, my friend, I hear you're an expert at
培育活桥根系的专家。 training the roots of these living bridges.
从事这行多久了？ How long have you been doing this for?
至少五六年了。 Not less than 5, 6 years.
我跟村民学的，首先 I learned from the villagers, and first of all
得先种下树苗。 the people have to plant the tree first.
等根系长出后， And when the roots come out, that mean they just
引导根系向河岸延伸。 train the roots to come in the outside of the river.
等等，你说先种树？对。 So, one minute, you said they plant the tree first? Yes.
不是直接选棵已有 They don't just pick a tree that already would
可塑性根系的树？不是。 probably have the roots that they could train? No, no.
真是项需要毅力的工程。 That's a lot of dedication.
好，种下树苗后， Ok, so, they plant the tree,
根系开始生长，接下来呢？ the roots start growing, then what's the next phase?
具体怎么操作？ What do they do next?
用槟榔树干做引导。 They train it by putting this betel nut trunk.
这是槟榔树干？ So, this is a betel nut trunk?
对，槟榔树干。 Yeah, this is betel nut trunk.
中空特性便于 And because it's hollow, it's useful
引导根系走向。 to pass the root along. Yeah, it's useful, yeah.
真有意思。 That—that's interesting.
这些是槟榔树。 So, these are betel nut trees.
对，那边就有一棵。 Yeah, that's one betel nut there, yeah.
平托（旁白）：用槟榔树干 Pinto, voice-over: By using betel nut trunks
引导根系定向生长， to train the roots in the right direction,
桥体结构逐渐成型。 the structure of the bridge is brought to life.
需要技巧，更需耐心。 It takes skill, but most of all it takes patience.
长成这样要多久？ And how long does it take for it to become this?
大概10到15年。 Maybe around 10, 15 years it'll become.
哇，那我也该试试对吧？ Wow. Maybe then I should try one, right?
当然可以。 Yeah, you can do it.
选这根细的，这根行吗？ So, let's take the thin one, like this one's good?
对，细的就行。 Yeah, the thin one.
好。 Ok.
穿进去。 Keep inside.
保持穿入状态。 Keep it inside.
完全穿过对吧？ All the way through, right?
对，完全穿过。 Yeah, all the way through.
固定好了吗？好了。 That safe and secure now? Yeah.
好，十年后我再来验收。 Ok, 10 years, I'll be back in 10 years.
但有件事让我困惑—— But there is something puzzling me
这座桥为何要建两座？ about this particular bridge.
花400年培育第一座后， I wondered why they needed two bridges.
为何又耗时两三百年 It took 400 years to train and grow the first one,
再造第二座？ so, why spend another 200, 300 years to build a second one?
因为在6至10月的雨季， Well, simply because in, in the monsoon season,
低处的桥会被完全淹没。 which is June to October,
the lower part of the bridge is actually fully submerged.
沉入水下。 It's underwater.
村民需要第二座桥 But of course, the people of these villages
维持日常生活。 needed the second bridge to continue their
day-to-day activities.
太不可思议了。 This has been extraordinary.
人类的智慧令人惊叹。 To see how inventive people are.
他们顺应自然创造解决方案。 How they work with nature to create solutions.
邦宁（旁白）：从最北端 Bonnin, voice-over: From the far reaches of the north,
到印度最南端， to the very south of India,
探寻最后的自然奇观—— for the last of our natural wonders.
雨林标志性鸟类， An iconic bird of the rainforest,
拥有奇特繁殖行为。 with an extraordinary breeding behavior.
春季是最佳观测期。 The best time to see it is in the spring.
破晓时分，我们来到咖啡种植园 The crack of dawn and we've come to a coffee plantation
寻找雨林中最具标志性、最奇特壮观 to try and spot one of the most iconic, bizarre, and spectacular
的鸟类， birds of the rainforest,
刚走上小道就发现前方树上 and just as we were walking up this track, we spotted the male
有只雄鸟。 that's now in that tree just ahead of me.
我此行要见的是双角犀鸟。 The bird I'm here to see is the great pied hornbill.
犀鸟筑巢方式独特。 Hornbills make a special nest.
为保护卵，它们选择树洞， To protect their eggs, they choose a hollow in a tree.
雌鸟会用粪便封住洞口。 The female is sealed up using dung.
将在此驻守四个月。 She'll stay there for 4 months.
雄鸟每日两次为妻儿送食。 Twice a day, the male will bring food for her and their young.
犀鸟终身不换伴侣。 Hornbills mate for life.
它们的巢穴难以寻觅， Their nests can be hard to find,
除非像迪维亚·穆达帕那样 unless you've been studying them for 15 years,
研究15年。 like Divya Mudappa.
体型真大啊。 They're such big birds.
虽然早有耳闻， I mean, I know, I knew they were big,
亲眼所见还是震撼。 but when you see them with your own eyes.
快看！ Look at that!
天然羽色竟能如此完美—— Their colorings are impossibly perfect, for something natural.
明黄与黑白相间的 The shadings of yellow
羽毛美得令人窒息。 and then the black and white feathers are just so beautiful.
它要行动了。 He's on the move.
正飞向巢穴。 He's going to go across to the nest.
喙里含着食物吗？ Does he have food in his bill?
在嗉囊里。 In his gullet. In his gullet.
反刍给雌鸟？ So, he regurgitates it for the female?
没错。 That's right, yeah.
都不用望远镜。 I don't even need the binoculars.
飞近时体型真大。 He's so big once he flies over.
来了来了！ There he is, there he is. Oh!
呼！ Whew!
在反刍了。 He's regurgitating.
怎么判断它反刍什么？ So, how can you tell what he's regurgitating?
通过观察 Just by watching it
喙尖果实的形状。 and looking at the shape of the fruit
我们看到了喙里的食物。 on the tip of the bill. We saw it in the bill.
邦宁（旁白）：这是种雄伟的生物。 Bonnin, voice-over: These are magnificent creatures.
翼展完全展开可达五英尺。 Their wingspan can fully extended to 5 feet.
每窝通常有一到两只幼鸟。 Each nest will normally contain one or two young.
幼鸟出生时喙部没有显眼的盔突。 They're not born with the distinctive casques on their bills.
完全发育需要约五年时间。 These take about 5 years to fully develop.
鲜亮的黄色看似人工染色， The bright yellow color looks artificial,
实则来自尾脂腺分泌物， but it comes from a preen gland secretion,
雄鸟将其涂抹在初级飞羽上， which the male spreads onto its primary feathers,
形成独特色泽。 giving them their distinctive color.
雄鸟会带回各种果实， The male brings all sorts of fruits to the nest,
也会捕捉小昆虫 but he'll also seek out small insects
及其他飞行生物。 and other flying creatures.
这只喙里还叼着蝙蝠。 This one even has a bat in its beak.
我看到雌鸟的喙了。 I can see the bill of the female.
它们会封住洞口 - 没错 They close up the entrance yes, that's right.
防止天敌入侵 - 正是 To protect from predators. That's right.
这很特别对吧？ That's something else, isn't it?
雌鸟数月不能舒展翅膀。 She doesn't get to stretch her wings for like months.
事实上它在洞中会换羽， In fact, she might molt when she's sitting in there
长出全新羽毛。 and get a new set of feathers.
这就是奉献精神。 That's dedication for you.
喙部上方的奇特凸起 This really unusual growth on top of the bill,
是中空且极轻的， it's hollow and it's very lightweight.
由双层壁支撑的中空细胞构成， It's made of hollow cells supported by two walls
充当共鸣腔， and it acts as an amplification chamber,
当它们在林中鸣叫时， so that when they call in the forest,
声音能传得更远。 the sound travels even further.
在交配季前夕， And just before mating season,
常能看到雄鸟在空中 sometimes you'll see males butting,
用盔突相互碰撞 or clashing their casques together in midair
以赢得雌鸟青睐。 so that they can win the female.
这正是"犀鸟"名称的由来， It makes for their name, the hornbill,
无疑是种奇特构造。 and there's no question it's quite a bizarre structure.
这种雄伟鸟类常被称为 These magnificent birds are often called
"雨林园丁"， the gardeners of the rainforest
因其作为种子传播者 because they play such a vital role in the ecosystem
在生态系统中至关重要。 as seed dispersers.
它们以林中众多果树为食， They feed on so many of the fruit trees around the forest
飞行时将种子 and as they fly, they drop all of the seeds
播撒四方。 all across the landscape.
它的头部让我百看不厌。 Oh, I can't get enough of his head.
奇特的盔突， The unusual casque,
喙部的形状与渐变色。 the shape of the beak, the shadings.
真是惊艳的生物。 They're such stunning creatures.
啊，它飞走了。 Oh, he's off.
黎明时分羽翼划破林间的声响。 The sound of the wings through the forest at dawn.
没有比这更壮丽的景象了。 I mean, there's nothing more glorious, is there?
确实。 Yes. No.
每次听到都令我汗毛直立。 My hair stands on end every time I hear it.
看它掠过天际时我浑身战栗。 I got complete shivers as he soared across the sky.
这片土地仿佛汇聚了世间瑰宝。 This is a land that seems to have it all.
从吉尔森林出人意料的狮群， From the unexpected lions of the Gir forest
到人与野生动物 and the people's intimate connection
亲密无间的关系。 with the animals that live here.
哇！ Wow!
邦宁（旁白）：再到塑造地貌与生命的 Bonnin, voice-over: To the magnificent Himalayas that shape
雄伟喜马拉雅山脉。 both the landscape and its life.
这就是印度的自然奇观。 These are the natural wonders of India.
而我们仅仅触及了皮毛。 And we've only just scratched the surface.